MECH 4408: Thermofluids and Energy System Design Course Outline Instructor: Prof. Cynthia Cruickshank (Office: Minto 3038)

Email: Cynthia.Cruickshank@carleton.ca

Lecture: Wednesday, Friday 10:05 am – 11:25 am Loeb Building B146

Office Hours: By appointment (please email me and write ‘MECH 4408’ in the subject line).

Course Webpage:

This course will be supported by the cuLearn Course Management System at https://carleton.ca/culearn/.

Useful References

McDonald, A., Magande, H. (2012) Introduction to Thermo-fluids Systems Design, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-1-118-31363-3

McQuiston, F., Parker, J., Spitler, J. (2005) Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0-471-47015-1

Moran, M., Shapiro, H. (2008) Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0-470-49590-2

Mitchell, J., Braun, J. (2013) Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Buildings, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0-470-62457-9

Dincer, I., Kanoglu, M. (2010) Refrigeration Systems and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0-470-74740-7

Bergman, T., Lavine, A., Incropera, F., Dewitt, D. (2011) Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0-470-50197-9

Munson, B., Okiishi, T., Huebsch, W., Rothmayer, A. (2013) Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-1-118-11613-5

Calendar Description Integration of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer for design of energy conversion systems. Chemical kinetics and mass transfer. Efficient combustion, fuel cells and batteries. Efficient operation and design of engines, power generators, boilers, furnaces, incinerators, and co-generation systems. Emerging energy systems. Prerequisite MAAE 3400 and MECH 4406. Learning Objectives (Knowledge Base (CEAB Graduate Attribute 1), Problem Analysis (CEAB Graduate Attribute 2) This course has been developed to bridge the gap between the fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics, heat transfer and thermodynamics and the practical design of thermofluids components and systems. This course focuses on the design of internal fluid flow systems, heat exchange systems, and the performance analysis of power plant systems, refrigeration and heat pump systems. This requires prerequisite knowledge of internal fluid flow, conduction and convection heat transfer and thermodynamic cycles. The fundamental concepts are used as tools in a design process to solve various practical problems presented. While demonstrating the application of fundamental principles, this course highlights the use of manufacturer’s data to select equipment and practical rules to underline their importance in current practice.

Course Outline (Tentative) MODULE 1 Review of Thermodynamics, Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Thermodynamic Properties, The First Law of Thermodynamics, Ideal Gases, The Second Law of Thermodynamics, Refrigeration, Heat Pumps, Entropy, Thermodynamic Cycles, Psychrometrics. General Aspects of Fluid Flow (The Bernoulli Equation, Viscous Flow Theory, Flow in Pipes). General Aspects of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer, Combined Heat Transfer).

MODULE 2 Exergy and Second Law Efficiency

Exergy, Irreversibility, Exergy Destruction, Exergy Balance, Second Law Efficiency, Application to Power Generation and Heating and Refrigeration Cycles.

MODULE 3 Flow, Pumps, and Piping Design

Pump Types and Loads, Centrifugal Pumps, Combined System and Pump Characteristics, Piping System Fundamentals, System Design, Steam Heating Systems.

MODULE 4 Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design

Types of Heat Exchangers, The Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient, The Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients, Heat Exchanger Analysis, Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Analysis, The Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) Method, The Number of Transfer Units (NTU) Method, Heat Transfer, Transport Coefficients, Design Procedures for Sensible Heat Transfer, Combined Heat and Mass Transfer, Application of Heat Exchangers in Systems, Boilers for Water, Heat Pipe Applications.

MODULE 5 Performance Analysis of Power Plant Systems

Thermodynamic Cycles for Power Generation, Steam-Turbine Internal Efficiency and Expansion Lines, Turbine-Cycle Heat Balance and Heat and Mass Balance Diagrams, Second Law Analysis of Steam-Turbine Power Plants, Air-Standard Cycles.

MODULE 6 Heat Pumps

Heat Pumps, Heat Sources and Classification of Heat Pumps, Solar Heat Pumps, Ice Source Heat Pumps, Energy Analysis and Exergy Analysis of Heat Pump Cycles, Absorption Heat Pumps and Other Systems.

MODULE 7 Refrigeration (time permitting)

Energy Analysis and Exergy Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle, Practical Cycles, Air-Standard Refrigeration Cycles, Absorption-Refrigeration Systems, Advanced Refrigeration Cycles and Systems, Liquefaction of Gases, Solar Refrigeration, Thermoelectric, Magnetic.

MODULE 8 Mass Transfer, Chemical Kinetics, Fuel Cells (time permitting)

Introduction to Mass Transfer, Fick’s Law of Diffusion, Diffusion in Gases, Liquids and Solids, Mass Transfer Coefficient, Thermodynamic and Chemical Reactions, Fuel Cell Efficiency (Thermodynamic, Electrochemical, Practical, Faradaic).

Marking Scheme Test 1 20% Friday, February 10, 2017 (Tentative) Test 2 20% Friday, March 17, 2017 (Tentative) Final Exam 60% Tests 1 and 2 (20% each) Two tests will take place during the term. This will serve to provide feedback and examination practice to students prior to the Final Exam. Additional details to be announced later. Final Exam (60%) The final exam covers everything. The exam will cover all material presented in class, including lecture notes and practice problems. The final examination is for evaluation purposes only and answer booklets will not be returned to the students. You must pass the final exam to pass the course. Additional details to be announced later. Lecture Notes All PPT lecture material will be available on the cuLearn Course Page as PDF files. Lecture notes that are written on the board or exercises handed out in class will not be available on cuLearn. Problem Sets The study problem sets are designed to help you learn the course material. The problem sets are not marked, however, it is to your benefit to work through the problems in order to gain an understanding of the course content. Missing Exams If you miss a test, you must notify the professor within 24 hours after the date of the examination. The percentage of marks allocated to the test can be moved to the final exam under two conditions only: illness or bereavement (documentation is required). If no documentation is provided, you will receive a grade of zero for the test. If you miss the Final Exam, you must contact the appropriate office at the Registrar within the time period specified in the current Undergraduate Calendar. You will need to fully document your application.

Plagiarism and Cheating It is an instructional offence to use or pass off as one’s own idea or product which is the work of another without expressly giving credit to that other. It is also an instructional offence to copy the work of a fellow student. If students do plagiarize or cheat, the Dean’s office will be notified and appropriate action will be taken.

Academic Accommodations

You may need special arrangements to meet your academic obligations during the term. For an accommodation request, the processes are as follows:

Pregnancy Obligation: Contact your professor with any requests for academic accommodation during the first two weeks of class, or as soon as possible after the need for accommodation is known to exist. For more details, see the Student Guide. (http://www2.carleton.ca/equity/accommodation/academic/students/)

Religious Obligation: Contact your professor with any requests for academic accommodation during the first two weeks of class, or as soon as possible after the need for accommodation is known to exist. For more details, see the Student Guide. (http://www2.carleton.ca/equity/accommodation/academic/students/)

Academic Accommodations for Students with Disabilities: The Paul Menton Centre for Students with Disabilities (PMC) provides services to students with Learning Disabilities (LD), psychiatric/mental health disabilities, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), chronic medical conditions, and impairments in mobility, hearing, and vision. If you have a disability requiring academic accommodations in this course, please contact PMC at 613-520-6608 or pmc@carleton.ca for a formal evaluation. If you are already registered with the PMC, contact your PMC coordinator to send your course professor your Letter of Accommodation at the beginning of the term, and no later than two weeks before the first in-class scheduled test or exam requiring accommodation (if applicable). Requests made within two weeks will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. After requesting accommodation from PMC, meet with your course professor to ensure accommodation arrangements are made. Please consult the PMC website (www.carleton.ca/pmc) for the deadline to request accommodations for the formally-scheduled exam (if applicable).