Medical Practitioners in Medieval England

© 199° 77ir Society fir the Social History of Medicine

Archives and Sources

Medical Practitioners in Medieval England

By FA YE GETZ*

The Medical Practitioners in Medieval England. A Biographical Register, by C H. Talbotand E. A. Hammond, was published by the Wellcome Historical Medical Library in1965. This article presents a supplement and corrections to the register, and is the resultof contributions made by many scholars, whose help I am happy to acknowledge Theyare W. H. Boorman, Helen Cam, Martha Carhn, Ronald A. Cohen, Harold Cook,Richard Durling, A. B. Emden, Eric Freeman, E A Hammond, P M. Hully, StuartJenks, Susanne Jenks, Peter Murray Jones, Edward J Kealey, Maryanne Kowaleski,Raphael Loewe, Linne R Mooney, Lucy E. Moye, Vivian Nutton, Nicholas Orme,John Symons, C. H Talbot, Linda E. Voigts, and D H. Williams.1 Especially helpfulwere Stuart and Susanne Jenks and Linne R. Mooney, whose work in fifteenth- andearly sixteenth-century archives was a major asset to this study. Edward J. Kealeycontributed nearly a hundred additions and corrections to Talbot and Hammond'sregister and to his own published work. This supplement has benefited greatly fromhis labours, and I am indebted to him for his generosity. I am also happy to thank theHannah Institute, Wellcome Institute and the National Endowment for the Humanities,who helped fund research for this study, and the libraries of the Wellcome Institute,the Institute of Historical Research, the British Library and Public Record OfficeFinally, I am grateful to Margaret Pelhng, without whose encouragement this studywould never have reached completion.

Introduction

The publication of Medical Practitioners in Medieval England (hereafter MPME) has beengreeted with enthusiasm by medieval historians in many fields. Unlike other types ofbiographical registers, MPME and its supplement cut across the boundaries of time,space, class, religion, and gender. Serfs, knights, saints, cardinals, sisters, brothers, andeven criminals 2 all could be called healers, and the diversity in MPME reflects thediversity of every sort that is a hallmark of medieval English medicine Without abiographical dictionary of medieval practitioners, the study of medieval medicine wouldbe impossible MPME has been a major resource for almost every work on medievalEnglish medicine in the past twenty-five years, and continues to serve as an invaluable

1 If any contributor has been omitted from this list, I would be pleased to acknowledge thisomission in a subsequent supplement Some contributions have been omitted from this supplementbecause I have been unable to verify them They may appear in subsequent supplements Theresponsibility for errors that remain is entirely my own, and I would be happy to receivecorrections

' See for example the serf William Medicus, Lincolnshire, mid 12th c in the supplement below,Sir James Fnse, MPME, p 96 and Sir Thomas de Weseham, MPME, p 359 (both below); StWulfncofHaselbury, MPME, p 421 (below), Cardinal Hugh of Evesham, MPME, p 92 (below),sibhngsjohn of Hexham, Matilda and Sohcita (all below); and defendant Simon the Monk (below)Except where this would be unclear, entries in MPME and other registers are cited by the firstpage of the entry only

* Honorary Fellow, Department of History of Medicine, Uniuerstly of Wisconsin, Madison

at Sheffield University on July 3, 2014

http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/

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introduction to the field. Nevertheless, problems have been pointed out with the wayin which MPME was constructed and with its omissions and mistakes An updatedversion is both desirable and possible.

Medieval historians have employed MPME m a number of ways. Book-length studieslike Edward Kealey's Medieval Meduus A Social History of Anglo-Norman Medicine(Baltimore, 1981), and Huhng Ussery's 'Chaucer's Physician: Medicine and Literaturein Fourteenth-Century England', Tulane Studies in English, 19 (1971) used biographicalmaterial from MPME to buttress complex arguments about medicine in their respectivetime periods Both books include lists of additions and corrections to MPME, referencesthat have been included in this supplement.3 Kealey identified thirty-nine new healersin his book (pp. 121 ff), while Ussery, in search of the identity of Chaucer's 'Doctorof Physic', was able to expand many of Talbot and Hammond's entries and occasionallyadd a new name.4

Other historians have used MPME as a resource for an in-depth study of a particularmedical-historical topic. Carole Rawchffe, in 'The Profits of Practice The Wealth andStatus of Medical Men in Later Medieval England', Soc Hist Med., 1 (1988), 61-78,incorporated material from MPME into research of her own to paint an often unedifyingpicture of how doctors accumulated considerable fortunes at the expense of the ill andthe desperate. Stuart Jenks adopted a different approach in 'Medizinische Fachkrafte inEngland zur Zeit Heinnchs VI (1428/29-1460/61)', Sudhoffs Archiv, 69 (1985), 214-27.He explored documents in the Public Record Office, London during a relatively shorttime period, using writs corpus cum causa, and showed how many names can bediscovered not contained in MPME All of the historians mentioned above affirm notonly the rich resources MPME has to offer, but also that the register is, as its editorsrealized, incomplete.5 They have also shown the complexity and variety of medicalpractice, and the sophisticated historical techniques necessary to understand healers andhealing in a culture so remote from our own.

The most extensive use of MPME has been made by Robert S. Gottfried, in hisarticle 'English Medical Practitioners, 1340-1530', Bull Hist Med , 58 (1984), 164-82and later in his book Doctors and Medicine in Medieval England. 1340-1530 (Princeton,1986). Gottfried argued that the Black Death of the mid-fourteenth century exposedthe inability of obscurantist learned physicians to cure disease, and instead elevatedmiddle-class surgeons, practical men with military experience and practical ideas Theargument was founded on what Gottfried called a doctors' 'data bank', containing notonly material he gathered from MPME, but also the results of his extensive originalresearch, which nearly doubled the number of entries in MPME (Doctors, p 8) Unlikethe historians mentioned above, however, Gottfried did not provide the names of the

! Unlike MPME, this supplement does not provide complete biographical entries, unless thisinformation is in sources difficult for most readers to obtain Instead, most entries consist ofcitations to sources for further information

4 Ussery also listed several new practitioners, for example Alexander Sovnde and Peter Bentlay(for both, see below, most of the omissions Ussery indicated were freemen from York) He alsocalled attention to MPME's omission of the clerical involvements of some practitioners, especiallyCistercians Ussery cited Richard Gnsby, MPME, p 279, whom MPME lists as royal physicianbut Ussery pointed out was a Cistercian abbot (Ussery, p 46, no 36 and below), and Tidemande Winchcombe, MPME, p 362, who was not only a Cistencan physician, but a surgeon as well(Ussery, p 57, no 79 and below).

s Jenks's article in particular demonstrates the dangers of attempting any sort of statisticalanalysis based on material in MPME, especially with regard to practitioners who were notuniversity-educated In Jenks's words 'the search for medieval English medical practitionershas really onlyjust begun' (jenks, p 227) Furthermore, work like Kealey's has shown that MPMEhas occasionally made a single practitioner into two or more, or conversely, one person out ofseveral, by misunderstanding the nature of the evidence they had gathered (see n 25 below)



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practitioners upon which he based his study, and his work has been criticized by severalreviewers for being in fact little more than an unattnbuted reworking of the data alreadygathered by MPME. Reviewers have also pointed out that the author's evidence failsto support his arguments, and have called attention to the presentist bias embedded inthe assumption that the Black Death 'discredited' medieval physicians. It is unnecessaryto repeat the criticism presented in the numerous severe reviews of Gottfired's work,except to point out that the book is extremely unreliable as a resource for informationon medieval English medical practitioners, and was for that reason not used in thissupplement.6

How the Biographical Register and Its Supplement Were Assembled

C H Talbot, whojoined the Wellcome Institute from the Warburg Institute in 1954,is the author of several studies on the history of medieval English medicine and on theCistercian order in England 7 E. A Hammond wrote his doctoral dissertation onmedieval medical practitioners, and continued his interest in the subject as professor ofhistory at the University of Florida at Gainesville 8 Both collected the names of Britishmedical practitioners incidental to research on related topics In 1959, Dr F N LPoynter, then Director of the Wellcome Institute, brought the two together, and thecompilation of Medical Practitioners in Medieval England began in earnest.9

The editors gathered their material from printed sources, for the most part legal andecclesiastical documents They also used medieval manuscripts, although this was theexception rather than the rule They limited their work geographically to England,Scotland, and Wales (although in practice almost all the entries concern England),10 andincluded material on Ireland only when a connection to Britain could be demonstrated.The register contains approximately 1,210 entries, and ranges from the Anglo-Saxonperiod until about 1518.

The model for MPME was the Dictionnaire btographique des medecins en France an moyenage of Ernest Wickersheimer, first published at Pans in 1936." Wickersheimer's workin turn has been supplemented twice by Danielle Jacquart.12 Unlike Wickersheimer,Talbot and Hammond decided not to include barbers in their register, remarking thatthe hundreds of extra entries would for the most part be little more than names, and

6 Reviews critical of Gottfried's use of MPME include Martha Carhn, Med Hist , 31 (1987),^360-2, Faye Getz, Bull Hist Med , 61 (1987), 455—70, and Peter Murray Jones, Annals of Science,44 (1987). 542-4

7 Among the most important of Talbot's medical-historical writings are Medicine m MedievalEngland (London, 1967) and 'A Medieval Physician's Vade Mecurri, Jour Hist Med , 16 (1961),2"3-33

8 The Medical Profession w the Middle Ages (Ph.D dissertation, Umv of North Carolina, 1941),'Physicians in Medieval English Religious Houses', Bull Hist Med , 32 (1958), 105-20, 'Incomesof Medieval English Doctors', Jour Hist Med., 15(1960), 154-69.

9 The editors outlined the growth of the register in MPME, pp v—x I have obtained othermaterial from interviews with members of the staff of the Wellcome Institute

10 The preponderance of English practitioners as opposed to Scottish and Welsh ones presumablyaccounts for the use of the term 'English' in the title of the biographical register.

" Throughout this supplement, reference will be made to the short titles used by MPME, pp427-49 Additional short titles are found at the end of this introduction Talbot and Hammondalso seem to have relied for their format on the biographical registers of medieval Oxford andCambridge universities prepared by A B Emden (see n 17 below) Among the papers given tome by Dr Talbot are notes in Emden's hand, which were put into an appendix to MPME (pp422-5) Some of Emden's additions seem to have arrived too late for incorporation into the originalregister, and appear in this supplement.

12 See below Jacquart, Suppl and Jacquart, Milieu



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would not add materially to knowledge about medieval English medical practice.'3

They also excluded the names of people who were not in their opinion medicalpractitioners '4 These exclusions have led to a number of anomalies, which will beexamined in more detail below.

It was always Talbot and Hammond's intention that their register be updated andcorrected. In 1982, with the kind permission of the editors, I began collecting additionsand corrections. Names for this supplement were assembled in several ways. Botheditors donated material they had gathered as well as names and corrections submittedto them by other scholars. Advertisements announcing that a supplement was beingprepared appeared in several medical/historical journals, which yielded a large amountof material. Finally, I have included the results of my own survey of names in primaryand secondary sources, noted in the course of my research The supplement is by nomeans comprehensive, although it does survey the major publications on medievalEnglish medical practitioners not used by Talbot and Hammond, and incorporatesadditions and corrections suggested by reviewers of MPME 's

The names collected for the supplement were entered in a database, arranged as wasMPME: in alphabetical order by given name. The supplement contains about 800entries, over half of which are new It is hoped that additional supplements will appearat intervals, when new material becomes available I would be grateful for submissions,and will continue to acknowledge the names of all contributors l6

IJ MPME, p vn In fact, the editors seem to have had mixed feelings on the subject In an entryon the surgeon Nicholas Bradmore, they noted that 'surgeons employed barbers as their assistantsand in practice their functions were technically indistinguishable' (p 219) While it is truethat the records provide little more than a name and a date in the case of most barbers, it is alsoa fact that a medical person's involvement with the craft formed an important part of that person'scareer For example, John Child is listed in MPME as having been sworn as master barber-surgeonin 1417 (p 132), but was previously sworn master barber in 1391 (see John Child below)

14 See for example the entry on John Mirfield 'not included because not a practising physicianbut a mere compiler for non-medical readers' (MPME, p 422) The editors seem to have shareda distaste still quite common among historians (cf Gottfried above) for medical people whosemajor activity was the composition of texts Of Oxford physician Simon Bredon, Talbot onceremarked that his only medical work 'is so derivative, so excruciatingly dull and devoid of interestthat one can understand why it never attracted the attention of students or scholars' (Talbot,Medicine, p 199) Ironically enough, Talbot himself wrote a major article on Bredon's work,'Simon Bredon (c 1300-1372), Physician, Mathematician and Astronomer', Br Jour Hist Set , 1(1962), 19-30

15 Especially helpful were reviews by Mane-Therese d'Alverny and Emmanuel Poulle (seebelow for full citations) Poulle pointed out a persistent difficulty researchers will always have inusing MPME It cites primary sources for information often without indicating the secondarysource that information was taken from Most historians will find the citation of a primary sourcemore helpful than that to the secondary one Difficulty arises when MPME introduces an errorPoulle points out that i(MPME, in its entry on William Anglicus (p 381), had indicated that entryderived from Wickersheimer, Diet Bwg , the erroneous title Bolletino da B Bonocompagm cited byMPME could easily have been traced to its source and corrected (Poulle, p 518) In this supplement,secondary sources have always been cited, and where MPME has omitted them, they have beensupplied when possible

16 1 have verified all manuscript and printed references submitted to me save the followingBodl Dugdale 12, King's Coll Muniments, Bncett Deeds B 83, B 9, Camb UL MS 3021,Arundel Castle MS A 1642; Lambeth Archives Dept MS VI 1330. The verification of referencessubmitted by others has yielded several noteworthy insights into the mind of the historian Forinstance, the late A B Emden submitted the name Henry Ho (see below) as Hyde Ho (pronouncedin medieval English 'hi-de-ho'), apparently in a playful attempt to test the editors' commitmentto checking their references On a more troubling note, one contributor called to Talbot andHammond's notice two names of medical practitioners in Bodl Balhol Coll MS 89 Walter deStratton and William de Grenefeld (see below) When checked, I found the MS actually containedthe names of three practitioners, the third being the woman Juliana Burdet (see also below)



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I have deviated from the course set by MPME in several ways of which the readershould be made aware. Most important, I have not distinguished between medicalpractitioners and medical writers, because I have found it impossible to do so. MPMEis inconsistent on this subject, in spite of its title, including figures such as RogerBacon and Bartholomew Anghcus, both medical writers and unlikely to have beenpractitioners, while excluding John of Mirfield and Robert Grosseteste, who wouldseem to have equal claims for inclusion. The exclusion of medical people for lack ofevidence of practice is especially distorting in the case of the medically-educated listedin Emden's biographical registers of Oxford and Cambridge universities. '7 The omissionof figures like Bernard Forstove (see his entry below), because nothing is now knownabout their medical practice, gives a distorted picture of the nature of medical study atmedieval universities.18 I have also included barbers. In many cases, the records indeedprovide only a name and a date But there are numerous examples of how two or moreof the titles surgeon, barber and barber-surgeon could be applied to the same person I9

The complicated history of the trade organizations of barbers, barber-surgeons andsurgeons, especially in fifteenth-century London, would reward further study; however,it seems from the evidence already gathered that these titles could be interchangeablein many contexts.20 I have included infirmarers as well, and have attempted wherepossible to note the cases in which a medical person was associated with a hospital.21 Ihave also included medical apprentices, illicit practitioners, phlebotomists, toothdraw-ers, and occasionally patients, especially if it is not clear whether a remedy has beenprepared by patients or for them " On the advice of scholars experienced in thesematters, apothecaries whose medical involvement is questionable have been excluded,because many if not most functioned as wholesale grocers more than drug sellers 23

Perhaps another biographical register for this group would be in order.

Lastly, I have devoted little attention to supplementing and correcting entries onmedical people who flourished between 1485, a date used by most historians to markthe end of the medieval period in England, and 1518, the cut-off point for MPME. The

17 A. B Emden, Biographical Register of the University of Oxford to A D 1500, 3 vols (Oxford,1957-9) a n d Biographical Register of the University of Cambridge to A D 1500 (Cambridge, 1963)

18 See below Martin Joce, Mauger, Richard Bardalff, Richard Browne, Richard de Wideslade,Robert Luke, Roger Fabell, Thomas Bowd, Walter de Stratton, William Ludham, all omittedfrom MPME. The History of Oxford University project, to which I have contributed the chapter onthe medieval medical faculty (see Getz, Oxford, below), furnished a computer print-out of all themedical men m Emden's register of Oxford I have made my own survey of Emden's Cambridgeregister, which is considerably shorter than its Oxford counterpart Readers may assume that mostmedical men included in Emden's Oxford register are discussed in Getz, Oxford But since thechapter is still in press, I have not included page references, and have referred readers to the articleon Oxford's medical faculty by Vern Bullough, noted below

" For example, see below John Child, John Dalton, Peter Dayseman, Richard Wellys, andRobert Halyday (see also MPME, p 296, where Robert is called barber, barber-surgeon andsurgeon) The best source for information on these trades is still Sidney Young's Annals of theBarber-Surgeons of London (London, 1890)

20 Other descriptive terms show a similar fluidity See below John Medicus, dentist, phle-botomist.John Mr, medicus, physicus; Nicholas Bradmore (surgeon, leech), Nicholass Wodehill(surgeon, leech), Richard Knyght (physician, ironmonger, surgeon, dog doctor), Robert, MPME,p. 289, no 2 (medicus, physicus); and Robert, Master, physician, London, ca 1391, who is calledin MPME, p. 291 'medicus sive phisicus' I have attempted to indicate where possible exactly whattitle the original document gives the practitioner

21 See below Hopkyn, Hugh, MPME, p 90, no 6, John Assher, John Mirfield; and MauriceThe name 'hospital' in the medieval period does not necessarily imply a medical institution, butattention to doctors' hospital associations may allow a clearer picture to be drawn of the hospital'sfunction A list of Anglo-Norman hospitals is found in Kealey, Med , pp 152-60

22 See below Beauchamp, Lady; George Nevill, Hereford, Earl of, and William de Grenefeld21 Exceptions include apothecaries John Byrell and Peter of Montpelher (see below)



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label 'medieval' rests very uneasily on medical humanists like Thomas Linacre Thefounding of the London College of Physicians in 1518, and the start of Munk's Roll,did not signal the beginning of the Renaissance in the medical sphere, and was of littleimportance to medical biography save for a handful of learned male doctors. To avoida 'grey area' between about 148 5 and 1518, I have decided to include the names of manymedical people called to my attention who flourished during that time, but to providethe reader only with the briefest of bibliographical and biographical sketches

Some of the entries in MPME have been discontinued entirely There seems littlereason to include Bernard Gordon, a Montpelher professor, in this biographicalregister.24 Likewise a number of others have been eliminated, about whom it has beendemonstrated that two or more entires apply to the same person.25 Finally, for the sakeof clarity, I have eliminated headings such as Jewish Physician, Phisicus, Physician ofIreland and the like, placing all new entries of this type under Anonymous.

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u Those interested in Bernard can consult the thorough study prepared by Luke Demaitre, DrBernard de Cordon Professor and Practitioner (Toronto, 1980)

25 See for example Gilbert, MPME, p 56, no 5 and p 57, no 1, John, MPME, p 102, no 4and p 103, no 1, Louis Recouches, MPME, p 204, Pauhnus, MPME, p 241, nos 1 and 2, PeterLombard, MPME, p 249; Richard de Irlond, MPME, p 279, Robert, MPME, p 286, no 5 andp 303, no 4; Walter, MPME, p 364, no 3 and p 366, no 1, and William, MPME, p 374, nos1 and 5. Once again, it can be seen how the problems in constructing biographies from recordsin which medical people are known only by their given names (of which medieval English peoplehad relatively few) make statistical analysis of the names in MPME very difficult if not impossible

16 These bibliographical entries are in addition to those found in MPME, pp 427-29



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Kerhng The Cartulary of Saint Bartholomew's Hospital Ed Nellie J M Kerlmg (London, 1973)

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Heads of Religious Houses England and Wales, 940-1216 (Cambridge, 1972)

Lally Lally, J E 'Secular Court Patronage at the Court of King Henry II', Bull Ins Hist Res ,49 (1976), 159-84

Lancaster Abstracts of the Charters and Other Documents Contained in the Cartulary of the Priory of

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Liber Niger Liber Niger Scaccaru Ed Thomas Hearne (London, 1771)Lipman Lipman, V D The Jews of Medieval Norwich (London, 1967)Lowe, Handwashing Lowe, Raphael 'Handwashing and the Eyesight in the Regimen Samtatis',

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II 1435—1450 Ed C Zonta and J Brotto Padova, 1970

Medical Practitioners

Adam, MPME, p 1, no 2 Kealey, Med , p 122, no 1Adam, MPME, p 2, no 1 A also appears in Chart Fountains, pp 275, 384, 387, at the time of

Bernard, prior of Newburgh (1186-1199) and Ralph, abbot of Fountains (1190-1203) Datingshould include 12th c

Adam of Clanefelda (Clenefeld) Mr, physicus, Wells, 1220-1222 Rot H de Welles 1 62, 69, 11n o , 185, poss same as MPME, p 3, no 1

Adam of Kircudbnght, MPME, p 5 Watt, p 306Adam de la Poletne, MPME, p 6 Ussery asserts (pp 46-7, n 17) that A is the same as Adam

Rous, against MPME, Dobson and Walker, p 12Adam Rous, MPME, p 7 Beck, p 51 Rawchffe, p 69, n 37, Ussery, pp 46-7, n 17, PRO E

40/2727 A , surgeon of London and Juliana his wife (1383/4) See Adam de la Poletne aboveAdam of St Albans Surgeon, 1306-1307 Accompanied Edward I to Lanercost Priory 1306-7

Moorman, p 162, poss same as MPME, p 8Adam de Toneworth, MPME, p 9 Emden, BRUO 111. 1885, Ussery, p 55, no 74Adelard Mr, physician, Liege, d after 1108 Secular canon attached to collegiate church of Holy

Cross in Waltham, Essex Kealey, Med , p 122, no 2Ailred of Rievaulx Medicus, Yorkshire, nio-1167 Cistercian abbot of Rievaulx, writer and

healer Kealey, Med , p 123, no 3Alan. Mr, physician, late 12th c Stenton, Ada, p 172Alban Leech, 15th c ' Mentioned by Thomas Forestier (q v ) as 'our felowe Alban a noble leche'

MPME, p 343, n 1Alexander, MPME, p 12, no 3 A. prob served at Salisbury and then moved to Bath with Bp

Savanc A attested a charter for Reading Abbey during the time of Abbot Joseph (1173-1186)BL Egerton MS 3031 (Reading Cart ), fol 39V A also attested a confirmation of Bpjocelinfor Waltham Abbey's first abbot, Walter (1184-1201) The date is therefore 1184 BL Harl MS391 (Waltham Cart ), fol 97 He witnessed a further grant of Bpjocelin, his colleagues includedBp Rainald of Bath (1174-1191) and Abbot Robert of Ford (1180-1190) The date is therefore1180X 1184 Jones and Macray 43, no 52 A also attested 1192 x 1197 with Mr Ernald medicusand with Mr Richard of Wilton who was prob a dr Chibnall, p 6, no 9

Alexander, MPME, p 13.no 1 A attested a grant to the monks of Durham Amenc, archdeaconof Durham (1197-1217), was also a witness Hodgson, p 91

Alexander Slight Barber, London, 1478 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Alexander Sloo Appr barber, London, 1471 In will of Rowland Frankysh MPME, p 316Alexander Sovnde Fisicus, York, 1411 Ussery, p 55, no 70Alfred of Sareshel (Alfredus Anghcus) Natural philosopher, Lichfield, fl ca 1200 Cox Russell,

Diet Writers, pp 18-19 canon of Lichfield, travelled to Spain; author of De motu cordis, Otte,Alfred, Otte, Life

Amfridus, MPME, p 15 Emden, BRUO 1 31 See Anfredo belowAndrew Physician, Kent, d after 1108 Attended Bp Gundulf of Rochester when ill Kealey,

Med , p 124, no 4



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Andrew Physicus, Lancashire, ca 1242 A appears to have had a benefice ca 1242 Webb, p 256-7

Anfredo Medicus, Suffolk, 1125X1147 1125X1147 Hugh Tirel granted the church of Ashenincome it formerly held A was a witness Harper-Bill and Mortimer 11 345-6, no 530 PossMr A who attested a charter of Henry Plantagenet 1153X1154. Cronne and Davis, no 837There was also a Mr A. medicus at Oxford before 1190 Emden, BRUO 1 31 See Amfndusabove

Anna Ba von Matron, France, mid-15th c A examined Joan of Arc for the Duchess of BedfordJacquart, Suppl , p 19

Anonymous Surgeon, London, 1321 Anon surgeon sued for breach of covenant because offailure to cure a hand wound for 40 s. Cam, pp 353/4

Anonymous. Medicus, Dominican, York, 1427/1428 Paid to 'uni fratn, medico, de ordinepredicatorum, commoranti Ebor , 40 s ' 1427/28 Fowler, p 709

Anthony de Romams, MPME, p 18 Ussery, p. 55, no 67Arnold Medicus, Suffolk, 1153X1164 Attested to grant of a peasant to monks of St Melame of

Rennes 1153X1164 Kealey, Med , p 124, no 5Austin see Thomas Plawdon belowBald Owned Anglo-Saxon leechbook, before mid-ioth c In the Leechbook of Bald (Cockayne,

written before the mid-ioth c ), is the following 'Bald habet hunc hbrum quem Old conscnberemssit' Cameron, p 153; Ker, Anglo-Saxon, item 264, no 2 (p 332) See Cild, Dun, Oxa below

Baldwin, MPME, p 19 Barlow, p 262Baldwin Barber, Oxford, 1130 In 1130 B rasor accounted for £10 in the forest census in Oxford

He paid £8 16 s 8 d. Pipe Roll, 31 Henry I, p 3

Baldwin Medicus, Essex, mid-i2th c B attested two charters of Richard of Beauchamp, anadherent of Earl Gilbert of Clare (1138-48), giving land to Colne Priory: Kealey, Med , p 124,no 6

Baldwin Medicus, 13th c PRO E 40/3475 (temp Henry III), also E 40/3900, E 40/3901, E 40/3926

Baldwin Medicus, Hampshire, first half of 13th c Walter of Westbury gave Ralf de Chesney,brother of Alice, a hide in Chenefield for his service B was a witness Later Alice gave thecanons of Southwick 40 s. from a hide given her by her brother A witness was Richard,Baldwin's son. BL Add MS 33280 (Southwick Cart ), fols 267, 269

Balthazar de Gracys, MPME, p 21 Letter from Augustmo Scarpinello, Milanese Ambassador toEngland, to F Storza, 23 July 1531, recommending Mr Balthazar Guercio del Bosco, physicianof Alessandria: Milan, no 872 (p 545), Beck, p 170

Bartholomew Anglicus, MPME, p 22 Jacquart, Milieu, p. 43, Jacquart, Suppl , p 37, Keil, p175; Seymour, Wickersheimer, p 58

Bartholomew Crosby Barber, London, 1470-1476 Ward barber 1470, 1476 Young, Annals, p3

Beauchamp, Lady Prob 15th c London, Wellcome MS 542, (mid 15th c ) 'This gracia dei vsitthe Lady beauchamp the erlys wyf of Warewyk' (fols 17V—18), poss Anne Beauchamp, wife ofRichard Nevil (1428-1471)

Benedict, MPME, p 23, no 5 Lipman, p 147, n 3Bernald, MPME, p. 25 Kealey, Med , p 124, no 7Bernard Forstove MD, Oxford, 1414 Emden, BRUO 11 711Bertram, MPME, p 26 Kealey, Med , p 125, no 8Boniface, MPME, p 26 Corr St Mary Clerkenwell was founded ca 1144, not 1186 B attested

temp Bp Richard of London (1152-1162) and Hugh Dean of London (1157-1180) He was thusactive before 1157—1162: Chart Clerkenwell, p 199, no 302 His land was mentioned in royalconfirmations in 1176X1179 and 1190 Chart Clerkenwell, pp 6, 10

Brunfylld Scribe, 15th c ' A treatise in BL Egerton MS 2433 (15th c ) begins 'Here begynns atretys of surgere after Galyan the gud leche and he compellys this boke owt of Latyn into ynglysbecause he had a gud frend that vnderstod no latyn and this tretes tellys of the pestelens' (fol41) The treatise ends 'qui scnpsit Brunfylld' (fol 42v)



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Canter. Mr, Oxford, 1450. Represented the medical faculty in audit for the erection of the DivinitySchool in 1450: Emden, BRUO 1 350

Cantonnus, MPME, p 27. Jacquart, Suppl , p. 52Charles Physician, Canterbury, 1468-9 C to be paid £7 Cotton, pp 102, 106Charles le Convers, MPME, p 27 Ussery, p 44, no 19Christian Mr, medicus, Oxfordshire, second half of 12th c C attested a writ of Agnes, daughter

of Payn Fitz John, for Godstow Abbey He seems to have been Agnes's personal physician,since he signed as 'meo medico'' PRO E 164/20 (Godstow Cart ), fol 39 This Mr C. may beidentifiable with Mr Robert Christian who attested two writs of Bp Nigel of Ely ca 1162X1169and one of Robert the chamberlain of the earl of Richmond c a 1160 Blake, pp 382-83, Kealey,Harv , p 214

Christopher Austen MB, Oxford, 1453 MB, adm and to practise 23 Jan 1453 Emden, BRUO1 78

Old Medical compiler, before mid-ioth c Ordered by Bald (q v above) to prepare (conscribere)a leechbook; see Cameron, p 153, on ambiguity of'conscribere' See Dun, Oxa below

Clarembald, MPME, p 29 Barlow, p 263, Kealey, Med , p 60 ffClarke Mr, physician, late 15th c 'Mr Clarke' is included in a list of medical practitioners, under

the heading 'Fesiscians,' in a late 15th c hand, in Bodl Ashmole MS 1481, part I E , fol 33Black, col 1322, item 2

Clement Mr, medicus, Scotland, ca 1175 Watt, p 99 (1)Costofforus Royal physician, Oxford, 14th c ' Florence, Bibhoteca Riccardiana MS 2114, fols

iov-15 contains a plague tractate attributed to Costofforus 'ab Anghco Uxonie, medico regisAnghe,' beginning'Cum multos videnm de epidemia tractatus' Thorndike, Inciptts, 321, printedin Sudhoffs Archv 17 (1925), 121-4

David, MPME, p 31 Beck, p 19David, MPME, p 32, no 2 Ussery, pp 46-7, n 17David Crannoch, MPME, p 32 Jacquart, Suppl., p 59David de Nigarelhs, MPME, p 33. Rawchffe, pp 64, 67, Ussery, p 52, n 21Dionysius Cynton Medical student, Sutton, Kent Wrote Camb Trinity Coll MS 918 Robbins,

P 410Dionysius Maguyre Surgeon, London, 1453 Jenks, p 216Dionysius de Nolano, MPME, p 36 Emden, BRUO 11 1362Domenico de Fighino (Figino) Mr, physician, Dominican, 1395-7 Assigned by Mr General of

the Order as magister physicae to the Florence Convent, studied theology at Oxford andelsewhere, D Th by papal mandate Emden, BRUO 11 683

Dominic de Serego, MPME, p 36 Rawchffe, p 74Dun. Anglo-Saxon leech, before mid-ioth c Mentioned in Leechbook of Bald (before mid-ioth c )

Cockayne, p 292, Cameron, p. 166, Ker, Anglo-Saxon, item 264, no 2(p 332) See Bald, Cild,Oxa

Duncan. Mr, medicus, Scotland, ca 1235 Watt, p 161.Eadncus Phlebotomist ('fleubotomanus'), Essex, ca 1150 E attested a charter of William Burgate

for Colne Priory ca 1150 Fisher, pp 45-46, no 87Edmund, MPME, p 37, no 1 Corr N 3 ThischarterispublishedinSalter.no 90, ca 1190

No 91 identifies E as the son of William For the possibility that he wrote the 'Dream ofTurkill,' see Cart Eynsham 11 262, Emden, BRUO 1 626

Edmund de Belawe Mr, physician, Norwich, first quarter of 14th c E appears in a number ofdeeds with Matilda, his wife Rye, Calendar, pp 5, 23, 113, 126

Edmund Callowe Barber, London, 1440-1453 Ward barber 1450, 1453 Young, Annals, p 2Edmund Walsh. Barber, London, 1472 Ward, barber Young, Annals, p 3Edward, MPME, p 40, no. 3. Kealey, Med , p 125, no 10Edward Burdet Surgeon, Sussex, 1459/60 PRO C 264/45/6 mentions E de Dyllyngesherste,

surgeonEdward Walch Barber, London, 1484 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Ehas. Medicus, Wales, 1195X1199 E appears in the Brecon Cart, in 1195X1199 Banks, p 26.



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Ehas Mr, physician, Salisbury, late 12th c E attested a charter of Hubert Walter, bishop ofSalisbury (1192X1193) Chibnall, p 3, no 4

Ehas, MPME, p 42, no. 1 E attested a charter for Bulhngton Priory before 1168 Stenton,Danelaw, no 74 Earlier, he had attested another about the same property ibid , no 72 Thedate of his connection with the Donnington hospital should be moved backwards severaldecades

Ehas, MPME, p 42, no 3 Wickersheimer p 126Ehas (Eyhs) Mr, leech, 15th c ' Called by John Frende (q v below) illiterate but 'dede many great

dedis among sarocenis' Robbins, p 410.Ehas Sabot, MPME, p 43 Munster, Ussery, pp. 52-3, n 21, p 55, no 69Elijah Menahem. Physician, London, ca 1220-1284 A rabbi who at times gave medical advice

Roth, ElijahEngelhard Medicus, Shrewsbury, late 13th c In 1260X1280 Bertram Hornblower granted the

Shrewsbury monks rent from a house he held of his uncle, E Rees, 1 159, no 183Ernaldus, MPME, p 43 E. attested a charter of Bp Savanc Chibnall, p 6, no 9 With him

appeared Mr Alexander medicus (q v above) and Mr Richard of Wilton (q.v below), who mayhave been a physician Poss same as Mr E , medicus before 1192 or 1197, time of Robert, priorof Bath Bath 11 18, 19

Ernulf, MPME, p 43 Kealey, Med , p 126, no 12

Ernulf Mr, medicus, mid-i2th c Corr to Kealey Med , p 125, no 11 L 2 should read MrErnulf and John doctors L 6 Ernulf medicus pledged 10 marks Para 2, 1. 3 John of St Albansalso attested this writ Mr Ernald medicus is prob same as Mr Ernulf medicus, andjohn medicusis prob John of St Albans, who, in turn, is Mr John of St Albans, who went on the ThirdCrusade

Eryk de Vedica, MPME, p 44 Rawchffe, p. 76Eudes Medicus, Norfolk, mid-i2th c Walter Fitz Robert, baron of Dunmow, gave Dunmow

Priory the tenement of E. in Hempnall Although it is not possible to specify when he madethis grant, it may be early donation BL MS Harl 662 (Dunmow Cart.), fol 94V

Eudo Medicus, Essex, 12th c ' Kealey, Harv., p 115Eustace de Cheddesey, MPME, p 45 Ussery, p 43, no 16Fantius, MPME, p 45 Barlow, pp 196, 260, 263, Kealey, Med , p 65 ff, p 126, no 13Firmin, MPME, p. 422 Urry, (Feramin) pp 14, n o , 158, 166 etcFrancis Panizonus of Alexandria, MPME, p 49 Rawchffe, p 64Franciscus Norburgh Physician, Middlesex, 15th c Physician of the parish of St Martin in

Middlesex: PRO KB 29/110 m 12Fyncham Mr, 15th c ' Medicines 'de hbro Magistn Fyncham' BL Harl MS 1736 (15th c ), fol

227Geoffrey. Medicus, Leicester, 1108 Attested charter for Robert, count of Meulan, for Abbingdon

Abbey Kealey, Med, p 126, no 14 perhaps change this identification from Berkshire toLeicester, as that seems his more likely base At about the same time, Earl Robert gave thechurch of Wigston Magna to the priory of Lenton G was again witness Nichols IV, 1 378,col 2.

Geoffrey, MPME, p 422 Kealey, Med , p 126, no. 15Geoffrey Leech, Baslow, Derbyshire, first half of 14th c. Named in case against his son Robert

Bolland, pp 117-18 See Richard Leech, William le Leche belowGeoffrey of Arderne Medicus, Norwich, early 14th c In deeds with wife Sybilla and son Thomas

Rye, Calendar, p 117 (1323); Rye, Short, p 72 (1299)Geoffrey Creek, MPME, p 52 Ussery, p 44, no 21Geoffrey of Henlow Medicus, bishop, Wales, d 1214 G , prior to Llanthony (1178-1203) and

bishop of St David's (1203-1214), was a famous physician before he became canon Cowley, p206, Dickinson, pp 188, 253

Geoffrey Launde, MPME, p 53 Ussery, p 49, no 43Geoffrey Melton, MPME, p 53 BL SI MS 3153, fols 19V-20, uroscopy 'secundum modernos

per magistrum Galfndum Mediltoun doctorem' (fol 20), Emden, BRUO 11 1257, Ussery, p50, no 52, pp 73-74



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George Mr, medicus, early 15th c 'Regimen domine Johanne Bohoun comitisse Herefordsecundum magistrum Georgium medicum domini regis Hennci nij ti 1408' Bodl MS 761(SC 2535), fol. 2, prob Joan, wife of Thomas de Holand, Duke of Surrey DNB IX 1052, Frydeet al , p. 485, no. 10 The MS seems to have rested with the Bohun family, see SC 11, 1 415

George de Mondelhs. Mr, physician, 1406 Poss attended Henry IV Ussery, p 51, no 56George Nevill Archbishop of York, d 1476 Bodl Ashmole MS 1432 contains a recipe 'For the

stone and strangvvhone which M Gorge Nevell the archbischoppe of York useth' (p 4).George Robinson. Barber, London, 1477 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Gerard Barber, London, 1310 In 1310 G was sworn keeper of Newgate to prevent diseased

persons from entering Young, Annals, p 25; Dobson and Walker, p 12Gerard Mr, surgeon, London, 1464 Paid £10 by Edward IV for medical service to soldiers

RawchfTe, p. 66.Gervase, MPME, p 56, no 2 Kealey, Med p 126, no 16Gilbert, MPME, p 56, no 4 Kealey, Med , p 128, no. 17. See John of St Albans belowGilbert Nurse ('nutncus'), ca 1153 PRO E 164/22 (Cartulary of St Mary's Warwick), fols 10,

11

Gilbert. Mr, medicus, Peterborough, d after n 30 G witnessed a charter of William Ohfard andHugh Ohfard for Thorney Abbey Kealey, Med , p 128, no. 18. See John of St Albans below

Gilbert, MPME, p 56.no 5 and p 57, no 1 The two Gilberts are the same In 1179X1180 Gof Leicester hired a champion, who failed to appear, and G. was fined 5 marks Pipe Roll, 26Henry II, p 100 Some time before 1186, Mr G of Belgrave, a physician and surely the sameman as above, became involved in a complex purchase of rights in the parish of Claybrook onthe southern border of Leicestershire BLAdd Chart 47556, 47557, printed in Stenton, Danelaw,nos 318, 319, confirmed BL Add Roll 47398, not in Stenton Gilbert's personal seal is stillattached to BL Add Chart 47559, Stenton, Danelaw, no 320 G borrowed from the Jewishmoneylender, Aaron of Lincoln, who died in the anti-semitic riots of 1190 The following year,G. accounted for £80 35 \d , which he still owed Aaron's estate for matters in Claybrook andBelgrave Pipe Roll, 3 Richard I, p 131, also 4 Richard I, p. 251, 5 Richard 1, p 105, 3 John,p 233 Mr G of Belgrave, who did not label himself medicus, is listed in a transfer of propertybefore Mr G(ilbert) of Aquila ( q v ) BL Add Chart 47551, Stenton, Danelaw, no 323 Amedical practitioner named Peter also served the earls of Leicester Kealey, Med , p 141 Mostof the dates for G (1160X1180, 1179-1183, -1186, 1191-1202) are later than those for Peter(1118X1168, ca. 1153, 1155x 1160), but are still close enough for the men to have been relatedFurthermore, in 1181X1187 Mr Peter de Leche, perhaps a dr, attested a charter for BelvoirPriory, on the Leicestershire border HMC Rutland, IV 150 Mr William medicus was alsoactive in Leicester at this time BL Add Chart 48086 (-1168, witnessing as William medicus),not in Stenton See also Med , pp 141—2 A William, physician was admitted to the GuildMerchant of Leicester in 1196 MPME, p 374, no 3 He may have been connected with theWilliam of Belgrave who attested Nuneaton charters, and might have been another of Gilbert'ssons BL Add. Chart 47580 (ca 1190) One Peter of Belgrave, most likely Gilbert's son,managed a windmill in Wigston Parva, right next to Claybrook Peter of Belgrave was the heirof William of Belgrave. Kealey, Harv , p 72 ff, pp 90, 208

Gilbert of Aquila, MPME, p 58 On dating the Compendium of Medicine, see d'Alvemy, Robbins,p 400, n 21, G. was translated into Middle English Getz, Healing and Getz, Cilbertus on Gin medieval German translation, see Keil, p 176, Jacquart, Suppl , p 88, Kealey, Harv , p 74See Gilbert, MPME, p 56, no 5 and p 57 no 1 above

Gilbert of Falesia, MPME, p 60 Kealey, Med , p 128, no 19Gilbert Grymesby Mr, physician', Franciscan, Lincoln, 15th c ' 'Pulvis excellens pro visu

conservando, compositus per magistrum Gilbertum Grymesby, magistrum in theologia etfratrem minorem de conventu Lincolmae' BL SI MS 962, fol 25IV

Gilbert Hammond Physicus, London, 1447 Jenks, p 217Gilbert Kymer, MPME, p 60 A 'Physicians' Petition' from Commons to the Crown seeking

monopoly on medical licensing for English universities was presented in 1421 Clark, pp 25-6 The letter is printed in South, Mem of Surgery, pp 50-1, also Rot Part (1783) iv 130 A'translation' is found in Beck, p 62 G. may have been involved The ordinances of the so-called Conjoint College of Physicians and Surgeons, from 1423, presented to the mayor andaldermen of the City of London, have been reprinted in Beck pp 63-7 The table of contents



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to Kymer's Dietarwm de samtatts custodw (BL SI MS 4, fols 63—104) is found in Fumivall, pplxxxn—lxxxin, extracts in Liber mger 11 550-9, Bullough, Oxf, p 610, Rawcliffe, p 70, Voigts,PP 379. 385; Walton, Jury, p 480 G had a scribe, Hermann Zurke of Gnefswald MPME, p63, Voigts, pp 379, 386.

Gilbert Maminot, MPME, p 63. Jacquart, Suppl , p 89Godfrey Fromond, MPME, p 65 Ussery, p 45, no 30Goisfredus Medicus, Abingdon, 1100X1135 Witness 1100/1135 Chron Abingdon 11 103Gregory, MPME, p 66 Barlow, pp 260, 264; Kealey, Med , p 128, no 20Gregory Medicus, Warwick, first half of 12th c Corr to Kealey, Med , pp 128-9, n °s 21 and

22 Add a final sentence to entry no 21 He had a son named Robert Some of his land wasmentioned in a grant of Roger, earl of Warwick (1123-1153) to the Hospitaller Knights BodlDugdale MS 12 (Nuneaton Priory transcripts), fol 267 This is prob the same Robert son ofG medicus who attested a grant of Ralf Basset of Drayton (d 1166) to Can well Priory before1158 Dugdale, Mon Angl IV 107; also VCH Staffordshire 111 213-14

Gregory Mr, medicus, 1170X1197 In 1170X 1197 Stephen, prior to Aldgate, made a grant to GHodgett, p 151, nos 776, 777

Gregory Mr, medicus, Winchester, end of 12th c Before 1181 G attested a charter of Richardof Ilchester, bishop of Winchester, along with Mr Hamo, Mr Richard, and Mr Hugh, the drsGoodman, p 15, no 34

Gregory de Southleigh, MPME, p 67 Ussery, p 55, no 71Gnmbald, MPME, p. 67 Barlow, pp 91, 263—4, Kealey, Harv , p 64, Kealey, Med , p. 70 ffGuy Mr, medicus, Austin prior, Merton, d 1124 Italian, Austin canon of Merton Priory at its

foundation in 1114, ca 1120 he became first prior of Taunton, est new house at Bodmin in1123; healer/confessor: Kealey, Med , p 129, no 24

Guy de Burdenys see Hubbard of CesseyardH D. Translator, Dominican, 1380 BL SI MS 2527 (15th c.) 'Now m the name of god we wol

speke of the thingges that ben called contenta urine (fol. 178) (fol. 196V) Explicit tractatusa f H D ordinis predic anno do. 1380' Poss Henry Daniel q v below.

H de Thanwerthe Dominican, Oxford, mid-i3th c Had medical education, associated withRobert Grosseteste Emden, BRUO 111 1859, Bullough, Oxf, p 602

Haldan, MPME, p 422 Prob from Lincolnshire Kealey, Med , p 129, no 25, Kealey, Harv , p228

Hamo, MPME, p 69, no 1 H can be found eleven times in records, accompanied by people ofimportance in noble and ecclesiastical circles Often he appears with other drs, especially MrsGregory, Hugh, and Richard In 1150X 1177, simply as Mr Hamo of Winchester, he attested acharter of Nicholas de Sigillo for Southampton hospital Blake, St Denys, pp 24—5, no 37bAfter Nicholas became archdeacon of Huntington, he attested again as Mr H of WinchesterCheney, p 190 As Mr H medicus he attested for Robert, Prior of Winchester in 1175X1188Jones and Macray, p 44, no 53 At the same time, with similar witnesses, he appeared withBp Richards for Nuneaton Priory Hugh the dr thenjoined him Before 1181 he affirmed anotherof Bp Richard's decrees, this time with his fellow physicians, Mrs Gregory, Hugh, and RichardGoodman, p 15, no 34 In 1175X1188 H again witnessed for the bishop, once as the onlyphysician and another time with Hugh medicus Chertsey Cart 1 32-3, no. 46; BL Egerton MS3031, fol 53 Within that period he also attested twice more for the bishop, accompanied byRichard medicus. Mason, p 17, appendix 11 (1176X1188), and p 18, appendix 111 (1180X1188),from the Southwick Reg As Mr H he also attested for Richard Mauduit, the chamberlainMason, p 18, appendix iv (1175X 1188) Finally, in April 1185 at Dover, he and Richard medicuswere among those who witnessed the agreement sponsored by Henry II, whereby the HospitallerKnights surrendered to Bp Richard the custody of their hospital, Saint Cross, and the bishopagreed to raise the number of poor entertained there from 113 to 213 BL Harl Chart 43 I 38,printed in Warner and Ellis, no 67 The patriarch of Jerusalem was part of the assembly and itmay be that the drs were supposed to accompany the king on his planned crusade

Hamo Barber, London, 1340 Forced to loan the king £10 and later 20 s Young, Annals, p 27Henry, MPME, p 17, no 1 Kealey, Med , p 130, no 26Henry, MPME, p 17, no 2 H loaned his seal to a smith named Fulk, when that man made a

grant to Rufford Priory, but lacked his own seal BL Harl Chart. 112 H 28, evidently copied



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in Rufford Cart , BL Misc. Loans MS 41, fol 76; printed in Stenton, Danelaw, no 373;Holdsworth 1 18, no 26 H., the dr of Nottingham, also had a son named Henry who becamea clerk. Welbec Cart., fol 128; printed in Southern, Vacanus, p. 285

Henry Mr, medicus, Scotland, late 12th c Watt, p 264 (2)Henry Arden Mr, physician, 15th c ' Camb UL MS Dd V 76, fol I2v 'Here begynnes a boke

of gode medicines proued with gode clerkes and other maystres of fesik and vsed be tham forcancres gode medicines prowed be mayster henn arden and other mo maystres' Cf AberdeenUL MS 258, p 167 ff, which is in a similar hand and contains many of the same recipes

Henry Assheborne, MPME, p 74. Beck, p 102Henry Beaumond, MPME, p 76 Bullough, Oxf, p 608, n 86Henry of Bolwick Mr, medicus, Norfolk, second half of 12th c In 1153X1168 he attested as H

medicus of Bolwick, in 1175X1195, as Mr H. de Bolwick. Kealey, Med , p 130, no 27Henry Brooke Barber, London, 1456 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2Henry Cook Mr, barber, London, 1388 Young, Annals, p 1; with John Heydon, William

Chapman, and William Gomine, (q v below) set out ordinances of barbers in 1387 Young, p30

Henry de la Dale, MPME, p. 77 Bullough, Oxf, p 604, Emden, BRUO 11 xvHenry Daniel, MPME, p 79 A copy of Daniel's uroscopy is found in Gloucester Cathedral MS

19+23: Ker, MSS, p 951, Jasin, Robbins, pp 399, 401 An edition of the Middle Englishprologue to Daniel's uroscopy is being prepared by Ralph Hanna III and will appear in Popularand Practical Science of Medieval England, ed Lister Matheson Corr N 2, for Wellcome MS703, 2093 read 225, 226 See H D above

Henry Forde, MPME, p 422 Corr.. For Henry read John The information listed under the nameHenry Forde in MPME belongs with the entry John Forde, MPME, p 144, no 2 Beck printsJF's will, leaving property to his wife Petromlla p 136

Henry Grave Mr, barber, London, 1444-1445 Mr barber 1444, 1445 Young, Annals, p 2.Henry Haute, MPME, p 80 Emden, BRUO 11. 886Henry Ho Mr, medicus, mid-i3th c Dr of Gilbert Marshal in 1226 CPR, 1225-32, p 30, clerk

of the bishop of Ely, papal indulgence for additional benefice with cure 1245 CPP, 1198-13041 217

Henry Kyrton, MPME, p 81 PRO KB 145/6/25 (1446/1447) mentions Mr Henry Kyrton,surgeon

Henry de Pluscardy, MPME, p. 82 Watt, p 454Henry Russell de Briton Surgeon, Somerset, 1442/3 PRO C 264/22/37

1 Henry of Saxeby, MPME, p 82 Beck, p 19Henry de Whitfield, MPME, p 86 MPME, p 87, n. 8 read BRUO 111 2038, Ussery, p 56, no

76Henry of Winchester, MPME, p 87. An edition of the Latin phlebotomy of Henry of Winchester

and of its Middle English translation is found in Voigts and McVaugh. See also Jacquart, SupplBarthelemy (de Salerne), p 35, Cancellarius (Montispessulani), p 52, and p 119, Voigts, p382

Herebertus, MPME, p 88, no 4 On the list of medical books supposedly donated by H , seed'Alverny, Kealey, Med , p 130, no 28 May be same as MPME, p 88, no 5 Kealey, ibid

Hereford, Earl of 'Here is an other maner gracia del that the god erle of hereford vsid that wasa nobyl surgean' London, Wellcome MS 542, (mid-isth c ), fol 18 See also Bodl AshmoleMS 1477, fol. 30

Hermann Voecht Physician, Surrey, 1452 Jenks, p 217Hermann Zurke see Gilbert Kymer aboveHopkyn. Infirmarer, Warwickshire, 15th c ' Bodl Ashmole MS 1477 'this maner gratia Dei used

Hopkyne of the fermorye of Kenelworth' (fol 31); see also BL SI MS 468, Table of Contents'Opkyn'.

Hubard of Cesseyard 15th/i 6th c ' Camb Gonville and Cams MS 457 (15 /16th c ) names H ,Guy de Burdenys and John de ' , described as 'which now ben the worthieste surgyouns andastronomyers and philosophiers sith anstotell Ipocras or Plato' (fol I7v)



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Hugh, MPME, p 422. Early 12th c Kealey, Med , p 131, no 30Hugh, MPME, p 90, no 2 Barlow, p 263, Kealey, Med , p 131, no 29Hugh. Medicus, Totnes, Devon, ca 1130 Witnessed charter Kealey, Med , p 132, no 32Hugh, MPME, p. 90, no 3. Kealey, Med , p 132, no 34Hugh, MPME, p. 90, no 4. Kealey, Med , p 132, no 33Hu(gh) Medicus, Essex, mid-i2th c H attested a deed for a grant to the nunnery of Wix in

Essex, founded 1123X1133 Kealey, Med , p 132, no 31

Hugh Medicus, Norfolk, mid-i2th c. Attested a charter of Ralph de Fnville for Castle AcrePriory Kealey, Med., p 133, no 35.

Hugh, MPME, p 90, no 6. A hospital was involved in the Arundel transaction Also, H appearsin 1204X1207 Harting, pp. 201-2, nos 152-4

Hugh. Medicus, Nottingham, 1185 The Knights Templar Inquest of 1185 records that H heldproperty of Robert de Cauz in Shelford, Nottingham Lees, p 98

Hugh. Mr, medicus, physicus, Winchester, late 12th c H was evidently a member of the retinueof Richard of Ilchester, bishop of Winchester (1174-1188) Before 1181, H , along with hisfellow drs, Mrs Hamo, Gregory, and Richard, attested a writ for that bishop Goodman, p 15,no 34 He witnessed again for him with Mr Hamo BL Add Roll 47398 (1174X1188) and BLEgerton MS 3031 (Reading Cart ), fol 53 A H. physicus gave Reading Abbey a volume ofdecretals before 1200. Barfield, p 117

Hugh Mr, medicus, Durham, 1189X1195 In 1189X1195 H. and Mr Nicholas medicus wereamong witnesses to a grant of Bp Hugh de Puiset. Green well, p 199

Hugh Mr, medicus, Fife, ca. 1205 Watt p 271 (1)Hugh of Eton. Mr, medicus, Herefordshire, first half of 13th c Brian of Brompton gave H and

his wife, Matilda and their heirs one-half of the mill between Ashton and Eye BL CottonDomitian MS A III (Leominster Cart) , fols 134—34V This was during the time of Lambert,the prior of Leominster, prob after 1226

Hugh of Evesham, MPME, p 92 Gloucester Cathedral MS 18, fol. 273 V contains a recipe'secundum magistrum H de Eveham contra phisum' Ker, MSS, p 951, Bullough, Oxf, p.602

Hugh Herte, MPME, p. 93 Beck, p 163, Dobson and Walker, p 17; ward barber 1451, 1460Young, Annals, pp 2-3

Hughes Physician, Aquitaine, 1254 H attended the future Edward I while he was living inAquitaine in 1254 Wickersheimer, p 301

Hugo of England, MPME, p 91, no 5 Died 1294 Frati, wrote recipe in Bodl Laud misc MS237, fol iosvb

Humphrey Medicus, Hertfordshire, mid-i2th c. H attested a 1153X1185 grant of Hertfordshirelands to the Templars Kealey, Med , p 133, no 36

Ingelram Mr, physicus, Canterbury, 1221 I witnessed a charter of Reginald of Cornhill inCanterbury in 1221 BL Cotton Claudius MS D X, fol 71V

Isaac, MPME, p 95 Lipman, pp 117-18, 159Iwod, MPME, p 95 Kealey, Med , p 133, no 37James Berkeley, MPME, p 96 Leader, p 204James Fnse, MPME, p 96 Emden, BRUC, p 243; Bullough, Camb , p 164, Rawchffe, pp 64,

67, 71, n 51James Ingolby, MPME, p 98 Assented with James Scott, Nicholas Lyveryng, Robert Halyday

(q.v below) to accord between Barbers' Co and Surgeons' Gild in 1493 Young, Annals, p68

James Radborne D M , Oxford, early 16th c B M 1506, D M 1511 Emden, BRUO 111 1538,poss same as James Raybourne, MPME, p 99

James Scott, MPME, p 99 'James Scotte' appears in a list of medical practitioners, under theheading 'surgouns' in a late 15th c hand in Bodl Ashmole MS 1481, Part I E , fol 33 SeeBlack, col 1322, item 2, poss same as James Scott, ward barber in 1483, 1491, mr 1493, 1498,1500: Young, Annals, pp 3-4, assented with James Ingolby, Nicholas Lyveryng, and RobertHalyday (q v ) to concord between Barbers' Co and Surgeons' Gild in 1493 Young, p 68



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Jocehn, MPME, p 100 Kealey, Med , p 133, no 38Johanna, MPME, p 100 Certainly Joan de Sutton of Westminster, leech Ussery, pp 36-7Johannes Anghcus Name given to several physicians, including John of Gaddesden. Seejacquart,

Suppl., Jean Anghcus (Anghci), p 141, d'AlvernyJohn de ? see Hubbard of CesseyardJohn. Bishop of Hexham, healer, late 7th-early 8th c His medical miracles are described by Bede

Colgrave and Mynors, p 456 ff.

John Mr, medicus, Suffolk, 12th c A grant of Robert Fitz Walter of Kambes for Bncett Priorywas attested by the physicians, Mrs J. and Ranulf Camb King's Coll Muniments, BncettDeeds B 83

John, MPME, p 100 Prob from first half of 12th c Kealey, Med , p 133.no 41John, MPME, p 101, no 2 Kealey, Med , p 134, no 45John Medicus, Cambridgeshire, mid-12th c J attested charters for Bp Nigel of Ely (episcopate

1133-69) Kealey, Med, p 134, n 42John, MPME, p 101, no 5 Emden, BRUO u 1017John Mr, medicus, Oxfordshire, mid-i2th c J attested three deeds concerning Eynsham Abbey

Kealey, Med., p 134, no 44 See John of St AlbansJohn Medicus, dentist, phlebotomist, Essex, fl third quarter of 12th c J received a penny a day

from the royal exchequer from at least 1156 until 1171 He was called variously minutor,medicus, dubbedent, and adubedent Kealey, Med , p 134, no 43

John, MPME, p 101, no 6 The charter cited on p 102 is printed in Kerhng, p 66, no 610Kealey, Med , p 133, no 40 See John of St Albans above

John, MPME, p 102, no 3 Corr From the Fountains Cart add p 85, also BL Lans Chart ,nos 194, 195, 401 In the Guisboro Cart (Carl Gysbume) he appears frequently accompaniedby William Tameton see 1. 27, 67, etc ,11 17, 105, etc

John, MPME, p 102, no 4 and p 103.no 1 The two are prob thesame.J the dr, son of Peterthe dr, is found at Canterbury as early as 1163 Urry, p 234, etc , Kealey, Med , p 141

John Mr, medicus, Nottinghamshire, end of 12th c J. attested a charter of Salomon, Abbot ofThorney (1176-1193) This might again be Mr J of St Albans Camb UL MS 3021 (ThorneyCart) fol 421 v

John Mr, medicus, physicus, Scotland, early 13th c Watt, p 288 (1)John Medicus, Herefordshire, ca 1234 J held 36 acres in Fordam (prob Herefordshire) Much

of his property eventually passed to Leomister Priory, a dependency of Reading Abbey J hadtwo sisters, Matilda and Solicits (q v below), who identified themselves as physicians John'slands cannot yet be located Nor can his, or his sister's dates be pinpointed However, theLeominster Cart was made ca 1234 and the family necessarily predates that BL CottonDomitian MS A III, fols 113, 115V

John Medicus, Ramsey, 1262 Maitland, p 178

John Mr, medicus, St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, 1468-9 Expenses toj the physician forhim and for sundry medicines from him and purchased for sundry bretheren £ 5 8 1 10 dCotton, p. 88 See John Assher below

John Abbot. Surgeon, London, 1456 Jenks, p 218John Arderne, MPME, p i n J A the Younger pardoned for murder CPR 1408-13, p 269,

Beck, p 49, Jacquart, Suppl , p 142, Jones, Illustration, Jones, Miniatures, esp figs 41, 49, 56,60, Jones, Translation, Robbins, pp 406, 408, Ussery, pp 62 ff, Voigts and McVaugh, pp 16,17, 26, 27

John Argentine, MPME, p 112, J owned and for the most part copied Gloucester Cathedral MS21. Ker, MSS, p 952—55, Leader, p 207; Robbins, p 408, n 42, Voigts, p 383

John Arundell, MPME, p 115 Emden, BRUO 11. IX, Matthews, Apothecaries, p 47, Rawchffe,P 70

John Assher Infirmarer, Benedictine, St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, 1468-9 Brother Jreimbursed for his expenses of £1 3 s 9 d and a half in account rolls 1468-9. Cotton, p 88 Seeabove John, Canterbury, 1468—9

John of Aunce, MPME, p 116 Ussery, p 41, no 4



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John Bacheler Brother, i 5 t h c ' C a m b St Johns Coll MS 37 (B 15), 1 (15th c ) 'Poudreofhfthat Frerejoh Bacheler mad and gaf it men dnnkyn for the feveres and for empostemes' (fol.34v)

John Bacton, MPME, p. 117 Called surgeon of London 1437/14.38 PRO KB 27/706 m 8d Rex(m I37d)

John Baptist Surgeon, London, 1456 Jenks, p. 218John Baptist Boeno, MPME, p 117. Corr . P 119, n 2 for Ep 261 read 267John of Bath. Medicus, bishop, d 1122 Born in Tours; royal physician, bishop of Bath 1088—

1122 Kealey, Med., p 58 ff, Barlow, p 264John Bestchirche Mr, barber, London, 1390. Young, Annals, p 1John Blakey Mr, barber, London, 1446 Young, Annals, p 2 Prob same as John Blakye belowJohn Blakye. Barber, London, 1419 Ward, barber Young, Annals, p 2, prob. same as John

Blakey aboveJohn Bolton. Surgical appr , London, ca 1442 Remembered in will of Henry Assheborne, MPME,

P 74John Bone Barber, London, 1465 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Borthwick, MPME, p 122, Watt, p 59 (3) John de BothwellJohn de Bosco, MPME, p 123 Jacquart, Suppl , p 147John Bracy, MPME, p 123 PRO C 264/18/33 (1436/1437) mentions J , of the parish of St

Sepulcre next to Smithfield, surgeonJohn Bradmore, MPME, p 123 Beck, p 75, Rawchffe, p 69John Brampton Mr, barber, London, 1416 Young, Annals, p 2, same as John Branton' belowJohn Branton Mr, barber, London, 1421 Young, Annals, p 2.John Bray, MPME, p 125 Mentioned in BL SI MS 521, fols 154, 159V, in Latin On fol 159V,

he recommends prayer while preparing medicines. BL SI MS 282 (15th c ) contains a list ofsynonyms of the names of herbs attributed to him fols 167V-173V; Rawchffe, p 63, Ussery,p 42, no 10.

John Breton Medicus, Norwich, 1303. J appears in a deed with Matilda his wife Rye, Short, p94

John de Bristol Barber, London, 1320 Surety for wardship of daughters of John de Wynton,barber, deceased Young, Annals, p 27

John Brown, MPME, p 128. Rawchffe, p 76John le Burgeley Mr, Oxford, 1275 J. was involved m a lawsuit in which he sought return of a

medical book Bullough, Oxf, p 602John de Bury, MPME, p 128 Beck, p 54John Byrell Apothecary, London, 1480 Worked with physician William Goldwyn preparing

drugs MPME, p 395, executed Goldwyn's will MPME, p 396John de Calys Barber, London, 1410. Had legal disagreement with Lawrence Markes MPME,

p 202John Caster Mr, barber, London, 1453—1467 Ward barber 1453, 1457, mr 1459, 1467 Young,

Annals, pp 2—3

John de Castleacre see John le Clerk of RoughamJohn Catlew, MPME, p 130 Rawchffe, p 77John Cesar Royal physician, late 15th c ' The Staatsbibhothek in Munich contains a plague recipe

'composuit magister Johannes Cesary medicus regis Anghe' Cod lat 262, fol 175V (Dutch,late 15th c ); printed in Sudhoffs Archw 17 (1925). 138

John Cheyr Mr, barber, London, 1389 Young, Annals, p 1John Child, MPME, p 132 Mr barber 1391: Young, Annals, p 1, mr barber-surgeon, 1417

Young, p 2John le Clerk of Rougham Barber, Norwich, 1312/13 J , barber, and John his mainpast appear

in the leet roll of 1312 /1313 because it was said they beat and cast in the mud John de Castleacrethe barber in Norwich Hudson, p 57

John de Cobham, MPME, p. 134. Emden, BRUO 111 2163



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John Cokkys, MPME, p 134 Bodl e Mus MS 155 is in Cokkys's hand. Bodl. Ashmole MS•475 (!5 t n c.) item 1, pp 1-76 'Istum hbrum Ysagogarum Johannisn mtitulatum Notule M.

Johannis de Galhcantu super Johannisium, ac etiam mtitulatum Thesaurus Gratie, dedit mihiM.Johannes Kokkes; Emden, BRUO 11. xv Corr MPME, p 136, n 12: fol numbers shouldbe page numbers, p 135, next to last para , for preceptons read pectons, ibid last para., forJohnannmum read Johanmtium

John Coo. Appr barber, London, 1471 Remembered in will of Rowland Frankish MPME, p316

John Corby, MPME, p 136, no 2 Walton, Jury, p 480John Cosyn, MPME, p 137 Beck, p 136John Crophill, MPME, p 138 Mustain; Rawchffe, p 67; Robbins, p 411; Voigts and McVaugh,

p 20John Cutberdson Fisicus, York, 1410 Freeman of York Ussery, p 44, no 22John Dagvyle, MPME, p 139 Beck, p 138, Jenks, p 219John Dagvyle 11, MPME, p 139 Beck, p 142John de Dalderby Medical student, bishop of Lincoln, d 1320 Emden, BRUO 1 534John Dalton, MPME, p 140 Ward barber 1419 Young, Annals, p 2; mr barber-surgeon 1423

Young, ibid , poss the John Daulton who was mr barber in 1447 and 1453 ibid., will of JohnDalton, citizen and barber, proved 1459 Beck, p 160-1, Walton, Jury, p 479

John Daunt Barber, London, 1467 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Denmark Barber, London, 1481 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Donhed, MPME, p 141 Dobson and Walker, p 13John Drumacks Barber, London, 1473 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Edderston D M , prob Oxford, d by 1455 Emden, BRUO 1 624John Emme, MPME, p 142 Ussery, p 44, no 25

John Faceby, MPME, p 143 MPME conjectures against Emden, BRUO that there are two JohnFa(u)cebys and that the J named in a licence to practise alchemy was not the physician MPME,p 143, n 10 But J and William Hattechffe, both named in the licence, again appear togethernamed to survey the treatment of Henry VI ibid , n 7 Emden, BRUO 11 663, 111 xxm,Matthews, Apothecaries, p 47; PRO E 326/5982 (1443/1444) MrJ Faceby, 'phisicus dominiRegis', Rawchffe, pp 64, 68, 69

John Fayre, MPME, p 143 Bullough, Camb , p 163John Forde see Henry Forde aboveJohn Frende Wrote London, Royal Coll ofPhys MS 124 (15th c ), poss same as John Frende,

MPME, p 147 Robbins, pp 399, 409John Frestone, MPME, p 148 Ussery, p 45, no 28John of Gaddesden, MPME, p 148 Bullough, Oxf, p 609, Courtenay, p. 37, Jacquart, Suppl ,

p 158, Robbins, p 400, Ussery, pp 61 ff.John Galtnm, MPME, p 150 Emden, BRUO 111 2177.John Game See MPME, p 344 Thomas Gamme, an error for JJohn of Glaston, MPME, p 151. Ussery, p 45, no 33John de Golda, MPME, p 151 Ussery, p. 46, no 34John Grafton. Mr, barber, London 1444-1464 Ward barber 1444, 1445, 1448, mr 1450, 1455,

1464 Young, Annals, pp 2-3John de Grantone Mr, barber, London, 1376 Mr barber to survey the craft with Lawrence de

Weston in 1376 in response to complaint to mayor of illicit practice Young, Annals, pp 1, 35;Dobson and Walker, p. 13

John Grene, MPME, p 153, no 1 A copy of part of a recipe b y j clerk of Bristol from JohnCompton, m Latin, appears on fol 18, Bodl Ashmole MS 1393, Part II Black, col 1084, item6 (IV, 11)

John le Gros Mr, physician, Surrey, ca 1307 In the account of the receiver for Abbot Walter inDec 1307 under the heading 'Medicinaha domini', is 'Item 40 s to Mr Johanni le Gros goingto Peryford (Pyrford, Surrey) to see and counsel Mr Walter, abbot, upon request of Bro Alex.of Pershore' Harvey, p. 212 See MPME, p 298, Robert de Renham



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John Gyles Physician, leech, London, 1453 Jenks, p 219John Harwe, MPME, p 154 Beck, p 100, Robbins, p 408, Walton, Jury, p 479John Haydon Mr, barber, London, 1388 Young, Annals, p 1John Hewet Surgeon, London, 1455 Jenks, p 219John of Hexham Mr, medicus, London, 1276 Andrew le Sarazin, suffering from a fever, consulted

J and Mr Semann his brother, 'medics' Andrew and his valet died from eating an excess ofpills ordered by J BothJ and Semann were arrested and put in Newgate Weinbaum, pp 72-3, no 257

John Heydon (Haydon) Mr, barber, London, 1382—1388 Mr 1382, 1388 Young, Annals, p 1,with Henry Cook, William Chapman, and William Gomine ( q v ) set out ordinances of barbersin 1387 Young, p 30

John Hingham Barber, London, 1473 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Hobbes, MPME, p 156 Ward barber 1448 Young, Annals, p 2, Beck, p 161John Johnson, MPME, p 158 Ward barber 1474, 1480, 1484, 1490, mr 1492, 1497, 1507, 1512,

1517 Young, Annals, pp 3—4 (prob more than one man), poss same as j , senior, mr 1491ibid

John de Killyngall Physician, York, late 14th c Freeman of York Ussery, p 48, no 41John Kim, MPME, p. 159 Wickersheimer, p 382John Kirkeby. Natural scientist, London, 1456 Granted licence to practise alchemy with John

Ragny and John Faceby (q v ). see John Faceby, MPME, p 143, n 10 and Emden, BRUO 11663, Matthews, Apothecaries, p. 48

John L Translator, 15th c ' In London, Wellcome MS 784 (mid 15th c ) 'Hec est tabula istis hbnsecumdum ordinem unnarum Presens liber de Judicus vnnarum de latino in anghcum perJohannem L translatus per medicos sublimes Sicut incipit prologus Of vryns ther ben 4qualities Explicit tabula et incipit hie liber Off vrynys ther ben 4 qualities' (fols 13-14)

John Landreyn, MPME, p 160 BL SI MS 3153, fols 2ov—21, contains 'le gubernare', a regimen'per magistrum Johnnem Landre doctorem in fisicae et magistrum in theologia', Ussery, p 48,no 42

John Leche, MPME, p 161, no 4 Beck, p 73, Rawcliffe, pp 68, 71, n 52John Leke Medical text owner, Norfolk, late 15th c ' BL Add MS 12195 (late 15th c ), containing

devotional, religious, musical, and medical works, has the inscription on fol 90 'Iste liberpertinet domino Johanno Leke de Northcreyke', Robbins, p 410

John Lelamour Schoolmaster, Hereford, 15th c Translated Macer's herbal in BL SI MS 5, fols13—57 Robbins, pp 402, n 24, 410.

John Lethe B A Pans 1378/9, Scotland Watt, p 340John Levelyf Mr, barber, London, 1386 Young, Annals, p 1John de Logwarden, MPME, p 163 Ussery, p 49, no 44John Longe Surgeon, London, 1436 Jenks, p 220John Lunne Barber, London, 1457 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2John de Lyle, MPME, p 164 Wickersheimer, p 439John Major, MPME, p 165 Corr L 1, para 4, p 165, read Pans, Fonds FrancJohn Maldon, MPME, p 166 Ussery, p 50, no 48John Malverne, MPME, p 166 Prob same as John, MPME, p i n . n o 1 Ussery, p 50.no 49,

Emden, BRUO 111 xxxivJohn de Mandeville, MPME, p 167 Jacquart, Suppl , Jean de Bourgogne, p 147, Robbins, pp

400, 407, Ussery, p 61John Markham, MPME, p 169 London surgeon PRO KB 27/898 m iodJohn de Markia, MPME, p 169 Ussery, p 50, no 51John Martyn, MPME, p 170 Bullough, Camb , p 162John Mereston Barber, London, 1444-1445 Ward barber 1444, 1445 Young, Annals, p 2John Merstone, MPME, p 171 Emden, BRUO 11 1266John de Metice, MPME, p 172 Ussery, p si, no 53John Middleton, MPME, p 172 Ussery, p 51, no 54, 80-8, Rawcliffe, pp 64, 71, n 52



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John Mirfield, MPME, p. 422 Medical writer, London, d 1407 Priest, associated with Prioryand Hospital of St Bartholomew's Smithfield; author of Brevianum Bartholomew a medicalcompendium Getz, Mirfield; Voigts and McVaugh, p 21, n 85

John Morden Mr, barber, London, 1459-1478. Ward barber 1459, 1469, mr 1478: Young, Annals,P 3

John Morton Cleric, Bangor diocese, d 1451 Left medical books to Mr William Kettill and avolume of medical recipes to Oxford- Emden, BRUO 11 1318

John Morysch Barber, London, 1416 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2John Niklyn Notary, Oxford, d by 1361 Deposited medical book (Eton Coll MS 127) in the

Wmton chest as a caution for a loan in 1352 Emden, BRUO 11 1361

John Northone. Appr barber, surgeon, London, 1463 Remembered in will of John Hobbes,MPME, p 156

John Paeon Mr, barber, London, 1378-1390 Mr barber 1378, 1386, 1390 Young, Annals, p 1John Paladyn, MPME, p 174 Ussery, p 53, no 61John Parker, MPME, p 175 Walton, Jury, p 480, Young, Annals, p 2John Parker, MPME, p 423 Ussery, p 53, no 62John Pinchon Mr, barber, London, 1455—1484 Ward barber 1455, 1457, 1462, mr 1472, 1484

Young, Annals, pp 2—3.John Porter Mr, barber, London, 1448-1458 Ward barber 1448, 1452, mr 1458 Young, Annals,

PP 2~3John Pote Barber, London, d before 1460. Beck, p 159John Purchas Barber, London, 1428 Ward barber: Young, Annals, p 2John Queldnck Mr, barber, London, 1375-1424. Mr barber 1375 Young, Annals, p 1, ward

barber 1417, 1424 Young, p 2, prob two men with the same name, d before 1456 Beck, p159

John Ragny Natural scientist, London, 1456 See John Faceby and John Kirkeby aboveJohn Roote. Mr, barber, London, 1441—1443 Ward barber 1441, 1442, mr 1443 Young, Annals,

P 2-John of St Albans, MPME, p 179 Corr J attested with Mr Ernulf in 1135X 1158 Gray, p 75

This is prob Mr Ernulf of Ely in Kealey, Med , p 125, no n J attested an Ely charter1154X1169 Blake, p 364 J attested with Mr Gilbert of Burgh before 1130 Med , p 128 J isprob thej medicus of Blake, pp 382-3 and Med , p 134.no 42 He may also be thej medicusof Oxford, Med , p 133, no 40 and p 134, no 44, which would connect him with the Mr Jof St Albans of Godstow Abbey In sum, before going on the Third Crusade, J , whoindiscriminately called himself J of St Albans, MrJ of St Albans, and J medicus, seems tohave served with several other drs—Ernulf, Ernald (these are prob the same), and Gilbert (Medp 128, no I7andp 128, no 18 may also be one man), and Christian, in London, Peterborough,Ely, and Oxford

John of St Giles, MPME, p 179 Emden, BRUO 111 1626, Jacquart, Suppl , p 180John Salesbury, MPME, p 423 Beck, p 54John of Salisbury Writer and critic of medicine, 1115X 1120-1170 Jacquart, Suppl, p 180John Saunders Barber, London, 1460 Ward, barber Young, Annals, p 3John Say Student, Oxford, 1446. Undertook before Chancellor's Commissary to hand over a

book of medicine to William Morton. Emden, BRUO 111 1649John Shepey Mr, barber, London, 1388 Young, Annals, p 1John de Signorellis, MPME, p 182 Rawchffe, p 67John Smyth, MPME, p 183, no 1 CCR 1500-9, p. 150John Somerset, MPME, p 184 Bullough. Camb , pp 163, i66(Bullough on p 166 misunderstood

Emden's reference in BRUO 111. 1728- Somerset did not write 'a medical treatise entitled LiberNiger Scaccaru'), Chnstianson, p 27, Emden BRUO 111 xhn, Leader, p 206, Rawchffe, pp 68,71, 72, 73, Walton, Jury, p 480

John of Southwark. Surgeon, London, 1312 Admitted to Freedom of the City in 1312 Young,Annals, p 25, Dobson and Walker, p. 12

John de Spayne, MPME, p. 141 Ussery, p 44, no 23



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268 Faye Getz

John Spenser, MPME, p 186 Poss same John Spenser, whose 'Unguentum domini JohannisSpencer' appears on fols 86v, 87, and 84 (with heading on 86v, these fols out of order in presentbinding) of London, Wellcome MS 409 (first half of 15th c )

John le Spicer, MPME, p 186 Walton, Jury, p 478John Spiennck Physician, Tournai, France, mid-15th c Send plague regimen to the king of

Scotland (prob James II 1436-1460) found in BL Add MS 4897 (15th c ) , fols 262-264V andprinted in Sudhoffs Archw 17 (1925), 126-32 Jacquart, Suppl , p 183

John Springet Barber, London, 1462 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Stanton Barber, London, 1483 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John de Stockton, MPME, p 188 Bullough, Camb , p 162, Ussery, p 55, no 72John Stowell Owned medical books and instruments, London, ca 1481 Was left copies of works

by John of Gaddesden and Constantine the African by his father, Thomas Colard MPME, p337

JohnStruge Mr, barber, London, 1448-1451 Mr barber 1448, 1451 Young, Annals, p 2, Dobsonand Walker, p 17

John Tailor Leech, Colchester, ca 1377 Involved in several suits in Colchester in 1377 Sued byRobert Leyceter for trespass that having hired a horse sound and whole to ride to Wakes Colne,the said J rode it to excess, and the horse died The horse was valued at 40 s J denied, sayingthe horse died from a 'natural infirmity' Jeayes, pp 132 ff

John Tesdale, MPME, p 190 Bullough, Camb , pp 163, 165John Thifayn, MPME, p 190 Emden, BRUO 111: 2221, Jacquart, Suppl , p 185John Tichemersh, MPME, p 190 Emden, BRUO 111 1875John de Toledo, MPME, p 190 Jacquart, Suppt , p. 186John Tounnyage Barber, London, 1485 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3John Urle. Mr, barber, London, 1454 Young, Annals, p 2John Urse. Barber, London, 1443 Ward barber' Young, Annals, p 2John of Villula, MPME, p 192 Barlow, pp 66, 263John Wakeley Mr, barber, London, 1450-1452 Ward barber 1450, mr 1452 Young, Annals, p

2

John of Villula, MPME, 192 Barlow, pp 66, 263John Wakeley. Mr, barber, London, 1450-1452 Ward barber 1450, mr 1452 Young, Annals, p

2

John Wale. Barber, London 1450 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2John de Walford, MPME, p 193 Should read John de Watford Hackett, p 30John Warwick Barber, London, 1441-1449 Ward barber 1441, 1442, 1449 Young, Annals, p

2

John de Watford see John de Walford aboveJohn Waystbe. Barber, London, 1443 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2John Wellys Franciscan, Somerset, mid-i5th c ' BL SI MS 4 (mid-i5th c ) contains a recipe

written in English for aquavitae attributed to J. W of Bndgewater'ordinis minorum' fol 37See John Grene, MPME, p 153, no 1

John West, MPME, p 194 The case prob dates from the later 15th c Rawchffe, p 76, n 70,printed in Baildon, pp 123-4

John Wilson Barber, London, 1476-1486 Ward barber 1476, i486 Young, Annals, p 3John Wright Appr surgeon, London, 1458 Remembered in will of Robert Braunche, MPME,

p 292John Wyke, MPME, p 195 Ussery, p 56, no 77John de Wyketoft, MPME, p 196 Emden, BRUO 111: 2112John Wylkynson, MPME, p 196 Ward barber 1455 Young, Annals, p 2, Beck, p 163, prints

his will, in which he calls himself citizen and barber See Richard Gyles, Robert WatsonJohn de Wynton Barber, London, d before 1320 His widow given wardship of their daughters

Young, Annals, p 27



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John Wyttenham, MPME, p. 196. Ussery, p 57, no 80

Jordan of Canterbury, MPME, p 198. Ussery, p. 43, no 15, Rawchffe, p. 68Josce, MPME, p 199 J may have been a dr, but MPME's evidence only proves that he was a

dr's sonJuliana Burdet Prob 14th c Two recipes in Bodl Balliol Coll MS 89 are prefaced'Hoc Juliana

Burdet dicit esse expertum in cura ictencie' (fol 398) Mynors, p 73Lambert, MPME, p 200, no 2 Kealey, Med., p 135, no 46Laurence Gomes, MPME p 201 Ussery, p 46, no 35, p 50, no 50Laurence Smyth Surgeon, London, 1427/1428. Surgeon of the parish of St Dunstan in le West

PRO C 264/13/21Lawrence Barber, London, 1320 As keeper of the poultry market on Cornhill, laid complaint

against John Bakon. Young, Annals, p 26Lawrence Austin Barber, London, 1471-1481 Ward, barber 1471, 1475, 1481 Young, Annals,

P 3-Lawrence Markes, MPME, p 202 Ussery, p 50, no 50Lawrence of Reston. Mr, medicus, Lincoln, 1252-1255 Mentioned 1252-1255 Reg Antiqutssimum,

Lincoln vm 90.Lawrence Rogers Barber, London 1479 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Lawrence de Weston Mr, barber, London, 1376 Mr, in 1376, with John de Grantone to survey

the craft in response to complaint to mayor of City of London about illicit practice. Young,Annals, pp 1, 35, Dobson and Walker, p 13, married widow of Nicholas the barber Young,P 27.

Lewes Kery, MPME, p 204 Emden, BRUC, p. 337; Bullough, Camb , p 167Lewis of Basle, Mr, physician, 1406 In an inventory of aliens and their worth ordered by Henry

IV and made in Candlewick Ward, London on 6 Aug 1406 is the entry Mr L , physician ofBasel, 5 marks Cal Misc Inq vu 1399-1422 (London, 1968), 179, no 336

Lewis Caerlyon, MPME, p 203 Emden, BRUC, p 116, Bullough, Camb , p 164, Voigts p 365Louis Recouches, MPME, p 204 Same as Lewis, or Louis, MPME, p 203 Ussery, p 54, no

66, Rawchffe, p 64Lucianus, MPME, p 20s Kealey, Med , p 135, no 47Luke Matheu de Perers, MPME, p. 205 Emden, BRUO 111 2196Lymstre ? Mr, physician, late 15th c ' L is named in recipe 'For the stone and the stranguylyone

per magistrum lymstre(') doctorem phisice Cantibng ' in Bodl Ashmole MS 1432 (late 15thc /early 16th c ), p 3

Mark, MPME, p 210 Kealey, Med , p 136, no 48Martin, MPME, p 210, no. 4 Beck, p. 51Martin Joce. B. M., Oxford, 1476 B M of Bologna incorporated at Oxford by 1476 Emden,

BRUO 11 1017Mathewe, Mr, physician, late 15th c ' M is included in a list of medical practitioners, under the

heading 'Fesiscians,' in a late 15th c hand, in Bodl. Ashmole MS 1481, Part I E , fol 33 Heis also author of a recipe on the same fol 'For ache in the legges veynis and senuys, per MrMathewe' Other practitioners in the list (Robert Lawrens in Fridays stret, Mr Maycote of thecharturous) practised in London Black, col. 1322, item 2 and col 1321, item 1

Matilda Medica, Herefordshire, ca 1234 Matilda's brother, John, and her sister, Sohcita, werealso physicians M confirmed her brother's grants for properties with her own seal Thisoccurred sometime before 1234 BL Cotton Domitian MS A III (Leominster Cart) , fols. 113,115V. There was a 'wise woman,' Matilda, known in Walhngford ca 1232 Reading Abbey heldpriories there: MPME, p 211 Kealey, Women See John, medicus, Herefordshire and Sohcita

Matthew Flynt. Toothdrawer, London, ca 1400 Paid 6 d. a day by the Exchequer to treat thepoor for free. Rawchffe, p 66, n 23

Matthew Rellesford, MPME, p. 213 Rawchffe, p 65Mauger Royal physician, bishop of Worcester, d 1212. Physician to Richard I Emden BRUO

111 2196



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Maurice Mr, medicus, Hereford, late 12th c M attested a deed of Robert, bishop of Hereford(1174-1186) PRO C/115/A 1 (Llanthony Cart ) M. of Hereford also appeared at Dudston in1159X1160, where there was a hospital Walker, p 46, no 72

Maycote Mr, physician, London, late 15th c 'Mr Maycote of the charturous' is included in a listof medical practitioners under the heading 'Fesiscians,' in a late 15th c hand, in Bodl AshmoleMS 1481, Part I E , fol 33- Black, col 1322, item 2

Melbethe, MPME, p 215 Kealey, Med , p 136, no 49.Michael Bel well, MPME, p 215 Rawcliffe, p 67Michael Ker, MPME, p 215 Jacquart, Suppl , p 209Michael Scot Translator, poss Irish or British, b. before 1200, d ca 1235 DSBix(i974) 'Michael

Scot', by Lorenzo Minio-Paluello, 361-5, Jacquart, Suppl , p 210Milo, MPME, p 216 Kealey, Med , p 136, no 50Ness. Royal physician, Scotland, early 13th c. Watt, p 427Nicholas Mr, medicus, end of 12th c N appears 1189X 1195 witnessing a deed of Bp Henry of

Durham Greenwell, p 199 He was also found with the bishop's son and archdeacon Bruchard(d 1196)- Oliver, p 198, no 403

Nicholas Mr, medicus, Yorkshire, early 13th c N appears in 1198X1213 Yorkshire Deeds vi, edC T Clay, (1930) 95 He also attested a document for Bndlington Priory in 1201X1230Lancaster, p 324

Nicholas, Mr, medicus, Selkirk, early 13th c Watt, p 429 (2)Nicholas. Barber, London', 14th c Young, Annals, p 27 See Lawrence de Weston aboveNicholas. Barber, London, 1370 Gave wardship of daughter Alice to Gilbert Prince along with

40 marks Young, Annals, p 27

Nicholas, MPME, p 217, no 6 see Nicholas Kyldesby, MPME, p 227Nicholas of Angha Mr, 13th c ' Bodl MS Lyell Empt 1 fol 23 (early 13th c , prob Italian)

'Pulvis probatissimus Magistn Nicolai de Angha que cerebrum purgat, vertiginem capita tolht'De la Mare, p 279

Nicholas Bradmore, MPME, p 218 Beck, p. 74, Rawcliffe, p 77, also called leech MPME, p295 See Richard Asser, Robert Dave

Nicholas of Bndport, MPME, p. 219 Grant, by Joan de Bndeport, daughter and heir of Nmedicus, to William le Gardiner, and Christian, his wife, of her whole tenement in ValeMerswode etc Bndeport, 131 p Cat Anc Deeds vi 113.

Nicholas of Butterwick, MPME, p 219 Ussery, p. 43, no 14Nicholas Colnet, MPME, p 220 Rawcliffe, p 70 Ussery, p 43, no 18Nicholas of Farnham, MPME, p 223 Bullough, Oxf, p 601, Emden, BRUO 111 xxmNicholas Kirkenby of St Albans Monk, copyist Copied Durham University Library Cosm V

I 15, Macer in Latin Robbins, p 411, n 52

Nicholas Kyldesby, MPME, p. 227 Dobson and Walker, p 13 See also Nicholas, MPME, p217, no 6, who MPME asserts is prob same as N K

Nicholas Lyveryng, MPME, p 228. Assented with James Ingolby, James Scott and RobertHalyday (q v ) to accord between the Barbers' Co and Surgeons' Gild in 1493 Young, Annals,p 68

Nicholas Sax, MPME, p 229. Rawcliffe, pp 65-6Nicholas Tingewick, MPME, p 229 Emden, BRUO 111 1877, Moorman, p 167

Nicholas Wodehill, MPME, p 231 Called surgeon, alias leche MPME, p 231, n 1, Rawcliffe,P 63

Nigel, MPME, p 231, no 3 Kealey, Med, p 136, no 51Nigel of Calne Royal physician, early 12th c Secular clerk, one of several contemporary physicians

named Nigel Kealey, Med , pp 62 ff

Nigel of Mindene, MPME, p 232 Dr to Eleanor of Provence (d 1291), wife of Henry III Sayles,p cvi, n 4

Nigel de Thornton, MPME, p 233 Bullough, Camb , p 161



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Osmar Medicus, Middlesex, d ca 1150 O held land at Harrow from the archbishop ofCanterbury Kealey, Med , p 138, no 53

Oxa Anglo-Saxon leech, before mid-ioth c Mentioned in Leechbook of Bald (before mid-ioth c)Cockayne, pt 2, p 120, Cameron, esp p 166; Ker, Anglo-Saxon, item 264, no 2 (p 332) SeeBald, Old, Dun above

Pagas, MPME, p 234 In the Winchester survey of 1148, P paid rent for land near SouthgateMPME in error lists him as having lived in the late 11 the Kealey, Med , p 138.no 54, Barlow,P 263

Palange Wyk. Medicus, London, last half of 14th c Physician to Alice Perres, mistress to EdwardII: Rawchffe, p 73, n 56

Pancius de Controne, MPME, p 234 Thorndike, Inaptts, 1648 Vtrum febns sit passio (P de Luccais P de Controne), Rawchffe, pp 68, 75, called 'phisicus' to the king BL Cotton Galba MS EIII, fol. 184V

Pascal de Bononia, MPME, p 238 Ussery, p 42, no 9, pp 46-7, n 17Paul Gabnehs, MPME, p 240 Ussery, p 45, no 31Paul de Monte, MPME, p 240 Ussery, p 51, no 57Pauhnus, MPME, p 241, nos I and 2 MPME has conflated several contemporary men with the

same name, not all physicians On distinguishing various men named 'Pauhnus,' see Kealey,Med , p 138, no 55

Pedro Alfonso alias Moses Sephardi Royal physician, 1062-rd 1100 Jewish apostate, attendedHenry I, Barlow, p 263, Hermes, Kealey, Harv , p 85, Kealey, Med , pp 75 ff, Lowe,Handwashmg, Lowe, Hebraists, pp 230 ff, Millas Vallicrosa, pp 105-8

Peter. Medicus, Bedfordshire, first half of 12th c P witnessed the foundation charter of thenunnery of Harrold in 1136X1138. Kealey, Med , p 139, no 57

Peter Medicus, Canterbury, mid 12th c P attested at Canterbury in 1163 with his son John, alsomedicus Kealey, Med , p 141, no 59

Peter, MPME, p 423, no 7 Kealey, Med , p 141, no 60Peter. Mr, medicus, late 12th c P attested a writ of Peter de Haia (known 1166X 1190) Hamehn,

earl of Warenne (1160-1202), was also mentioned Bullock, p 18 For Peter de Haia, seeGreenway, p 66

Peter Leech, Leicestershire, end of 12th c P may have been the son of Mr Gilbert of Belgrave(q v. above) and may be identical with Peter medicus Kealey, Med , p 141.no 59 (P medicus,Canterbury above) Kealey, Harv , p 74

Peter Amboise B M , England, 1497 Wickersheimer, p 611Peter Arderne Surgeon, Pans, 1250 English surgeon, married, working in Paris ca 1250

Wickersheimer, p 612Peter de Barulo, MPME, p 245 Ussery, p 41, no 5Peter Bentlay Medicus, York, 1403 Freeman of York Ussery, p 41.no 6Peter of Blois Medicus, ca 1135-d before 1212 Holmes and WeedonPeter Bray Surgeon, London, late 14th c Brother of the physician John Bray, MPME, p 125,

retained by John of Gaunt at £5 p a Rawchffe, p 63, n 6Peter Dalcobace, MPME, p 246 Rymer, Foedera IV, 2 74, col 2, Ussery, p 40, no 2Peter Dancard Physician, London 1451 Involved in suit with Wolforde Cook (see below) Jenks,

p 220Peter Dayseman Barber, surgeon, London, 1466/7 PRO E 326/6493 names P citizen, barber

and surgeon of LondonPeter Fernandez, MPME, p 247 Beck, p 169, Emden, BRUO 11 680Peter of Florence, MPME, p 248 Rawchffe, p 71, n. 51, Ussery, p 45, no 27Peter Gymel, MPME, p 248 Beck, p 53, Ussery, p 46, n 17Peter Lombard, MPME, p 249 Prob same as Physician of Lombardy, MPME, p 259 Ussery,

p. 49, no 45Peter of Montpelher Apothecary, 1329 Royal apothecary, treated Pancius de Controne while he

was ill at Hoxne Manor in Suffolk MPME, p 237



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Peter of Newcastle, MPME, p. 251 Beck, p. 22, Moorman, p 164Peter Pope Barber, London, d. before 1454. Beck, p. 158Peter de Qumcy, MPME, p 252 P was a Savignac monk and later a Cistercian Kealey, Med ,

p 139, no 58.Peter Southe, MPME, p. 253 Jenks, p 221Philip ? Medicus, Hereford ?, late 12th c A charter of Milo de Stabelle, made in the time of

Humphrey de Bohun, late 12th c , was attested by a Pho (Philip?), medicus PRO C 115 Li /6689 (Llanthony Cart) , fol 185

Philip, MPME, p 254 Further identification is possible. Ussery, p 36.Philip of Beauvais, MPME, p 254 The case of Crown versus P on his status as son of an alien

immigrant: Cam, pp cxxix-cxxx, 213-17, Beck, p. 22, Wickersheimer, p 600.Philip de Chauton, MPME, p 256 P. prob. lived in the 13th cPhilip Dens Physicus, Canterbury, d 1507. Emden, BRUO v 570Philip Potter Barber, London, 1478-1485 Ward barber 1478, 1485' Young, Annals, p 3Philippe Elephant. Encyclopaedist, natural philosopher, Toulouse, mid-Hth c Prob of Scottish

origin; author of medical recipes Jacquart, Suppl , p. 223, Jacquart, Milieu, p 467Physician, Mr, son of an Irish physician, MPME, p 259, see Richard de Irlond belowPhysician of Ireland, MPME, p 259 see Richard de Irlond belowPhysician of Lombardy, MPME, p 259 see Peter Lombard abovePicot Medicus, Gloucester, mid-i 2th c Prob member of the household of the earls of Gloucester

Kealey, Med., p. 142, no 61Pierce Pope Mr, barber, London, 1441-1442 Mr barber 1441, 1442 Young, Annals, p 2Piers St Hillary Royal physician, London, 15th c Named in suit by patient William Gold

Rawcliffe, p 76.Radulf Mr, physician, Scotland, ca 1212 Watt, p 459 (1).Rainier. Medicus, Berkshire, early 12th c R witnessed a gift to Abmgdon Abbey in the presence

of Abbot Fantius Kealey, Med , p. 142, no 62Ralph Medicus, Exeter, early 12th c R witnessed a charter of Bp William Warelwast of Exeter

(1107-37) Kealey, Med , p 142, no 63Ralph Medicus, Lincolnshire, first half of 12th c Kealey, Med , p 142, no 64.Ralph Medicus, St Albans, first half of 12th c Kealey, Med , p 143, no 65.Ralph, MPME, p 261, no 1 Rawcliffe, p 71, n 49Ralph. Medicus, York, last half of 12th c R witnessed a deed of William Fitz Albert A fellow

signatory was Ralph the prior of Guisboro, who might have ruled as long as 1157—1195 CartGysebume 11 233, no mvi

Ralph, MPME, p 262, no 1 Emden, BRUO 111 1544Ralph de Beaumont, MPME, p 263 Corr to Kealey, Med , p 144, no 66. Para 4, 1 2 should

read Colchester, not Chichester P 145, n 6 should read Battle Chronicle, p 177 Lally, p173, also identified Mr R the physician with R de Beaumont. See also Med., p 144.no 66 onvarious men named R m MPME, pp 260-1, five of which Kealey believes to be one manKealey, Harv , pp 184, 233

Ralph of London Mr, surgeon, London, 1321 Mr William (of Melford, Archdeacon of Colchester)in or just before 1321 brought an assize of novel disseisin against R and (Margery) his wife,and complained of being disseised of 30 s rent. William was allowed to recover his seisin anddamages of 36 s and 8 d Cam, pp 221—2

Ralph of Swalechve Mr, medicus, Oxford, mid-i3th c. Emden, BRUO 111 1827Ramelmus Medicus, Clumac, Shropshire, early 12th c Monk and physician at Much Wenlock

Kealey, Med , pp. 42 ff.Randolf Translator, friar, 15th c BL SI MS 3489, fol 1 'Here biginneth the tretees of Phisik

that Frere Randolf made and drewe oute of diverse bokes the best that he coude finde withinEngelond' This text has been edited by Peter Cant, Umv London Ph D diss , 1973, Getz,Chanty

Ranulf, MPME, p 266 Clumac Kealey, Med , pp 59 ff



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Ranulf Mr, medicus, Suffolk, 12th c. A grant of Robert Fitz Walter for Bncett Priory was attestedby the physicians, Mrs John and Ranulf Another witness, Mr Geoffred of Stow, demonstratesthat the deed was made before 1200, perhaps long before Camb King's Coll Muniments,Bncett Deeds, B 83

Ranulf Medicus, London, late 12th c Stephen, prior of Holy Trinity, Aldgate (1170-1197),granted Alban the tailor land in St Alban's parish which had previously been held by RHodgett, p. 131, no 666, where the physician is spelled Ralph

Ranulf de Morlee, MPME, p 267. Deed between R. 'le surseyn' and Lecia his wife to Reginaldle Swathafend and Edith his wife Rye, Short, p 19

Rede Mr, dr, 15th c 'Surgery' after the use of the 'Ryght Worschypfulle Mr Doctor Rede' BLHarl. MS 1736, fol 167, recipes 'secundum Magistrum Rede' BL Harl 1736, fol 190 (same asWilliam Rede Below')

Reginald Medicus, Beverley, prob 13th c R appears in a charter for Beverley, prob 13th cBL Lans Chart 213

Reginald Medicus, Yorkshire, prob late 13th c A toft once held by R was mentioned by Robertof Edenham, prob late 13 th c. Lancaster, p 401 This might be same as R of Beverley above

Reginald Godard Mr, barber, London, 1383. Young, Annals, p 1Reginald of Stokes, MPME, p 269 Emden, BRUO nr 1784; Bullough, Oxf., p 601Reginald Young Mr, barber, London, 1458-1486 Ward barber 1458, 1463, mr 1466, 1477, i486.

Young, Annals, p 3Richard, Medicus, Winchester, mid-12th c One of three physicians recorded in the Winchester

survey of 1148 Kealey, Med , p 146, no 69- Barlow, p. 263Richard Medicus, Dover, mid-i2th c R. attested two of Archbishop Theobald's writs for Dover

Priory ca 1157X1161 In the second, R identified himself as a canon of Merton Saltman, pp306-8, nos 83, 84

Richard, MPME, p 272, no 1 The date should be 1154X1174, that of the witness, John thearchdeacon

Richard, MPME, p 272, no 2. Mr R of Winchester (not Dover) also witnessed three othercharters of Bp Richard, one with Mrs Hamo, Gregory, and Hugh, his fellow physicians, andtwo others with Hamo medicus Goodman, p 15, no 34 (1174X1181), Mason, Appendix II

Richard. Medicus, Lincolnshire, 1185 In 1185 the Knights Templar surveyed their propertiesthroughout England In Mimngsby, they recorded a toft of R . Lees, p n o .

Richard. Mr, medicus, late 12th c R attested a charter of Hugh, bishop of Coventry (1188—1198)Dugdale, Mon Angl v 359, no xvu

Richard, MPME, p 273, no 1. Emden, BRUO 111 1573Richard. Medicus, Lincoln, 1275X1276 Reg Anttquissimum, Lincoln x- 238, no 2904Richard. Physicus, Wiltshire, late 13th/early 14th c R appears in Malmesbury Abbey documents

m the time of Edward I. Reg Malmesbury 1 117Richard Asser Barber, Southwark, 1405-1406 Sued by surgeon Nicholas Bradmore for leaving

his service prematurely in 1405; had N B and John Bradmore arrested in 1406 MPME, pp124, 219

Richard le Barbour Mr, barber, London, 1308 Dobson and Walker, pp 9-10, Young, Annals,pp 1, 23-4.

Richard Bardalff alias Davy D M , prob Oxford, late 15th c Emden, BRUO 1 106Richard Bnghtmore, MPME, p 275. Barber, London. 1467-1470 Ward barber 1467, 1470

Young, Annals, p 3Richard Broun Surgeon, London, 1460 Jenks, p 221Richard Browne. D M , Oxford, d by 1414. Emden, BRUO r 285; Ussery, p 42, no 12Richard Capoll Mr, barber, London, 1382-1388 Mr barber 1382, 1388 Young, Annals, p 1Richard Cappel Barber, London, 1463 Ward barber. Young, Annals, p 3Richard Cheyndut Illicit practitioner, London, 1377 Fined 50 s. damages in the case of Walter

del Hull MPME, p 218.Richard Clerc Barber, London, 1416 Ward, barber: Young, Annals, p 2Richard Corby Surgeon, London, 1457 Jenks, p 221



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Richard de Cordby, MPME, p. 276 Emden, BRUO 111 2165, Ussery, p 44, no 20Richard of Dalton, MPME, p 277 Auden, p. 1400Richard Dod Barber-surgeon, London, 15th c BL SI MS 5 (15th c ), fol 157 'Iste liber constat

Richardo Dod de London Barbor Sonon'; signature at top of page 'Seynt Gilys' (withoutCripplegate'), Robbins, p 410 See Richard Knyght below

Richard Elstie, MPME, p 277 Ward barber 1459, 1464 Young, Annals, p 3, Beck, p 165Richard PEnglois Barber, Pans, late 13th c Jacquart, Milieu, p 475Richard Felde, MPME, p 278 Beck, p 167, Rawchfte, p 69, n 37Richard Gastey Barber, London, 1463 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Richard Geddyngs Mr, barber, London, 1389. Young, Annals, p 1Richard Gnsby, MPME, p 279 Cistercian abbot of Dore Ussery, p 46, n 36Richard Gyles Appr barber, London, late 15th c Remembered in will of John Wylkynson,

MPME, p 196Richard Hayward Mr, barber, London, 1483-1499. Ward barber 1483, 1485, 1492, mr 1499

Young, Annals, pp 3-4Richard de Irlond, MPME, p 279 Prob same as Physician of Ireland, MPME, p 259, and

Physician, Master, son of an Irish physician, ibid . Ussery, p 37, Beck, p 53, Rawcliffe, p 68RichardKent Mr, barber, London, 1461-1476 Ward barber 1461, 1466, mr 1476 Young, Annals,

P 3-Richard Knyght, MPME, p 280 Enmeshed in a number of lawsuits in London ca 1460, including

one involving Richard Dod (q v above) of the parish of St Andrew Holborn, London, barber,called variously 'ffecissian', ironmonger, surgeon and 'dogleche' Jenks, p 222

Richard le Leche, MPME, p 280, no. 4 Rawcliffe, p 67Richard Leech Derbyshire, 1330/1331 William the leech of Baslow and R of Baslow were

summoned as endorsements in the case of Roger de Glapwell of Chesterfield, merchant, whocomplained that Robert the son of Geoffrey the leech of Baslow wrongfully detained from himtwo cars of lead Bolland, 117-18

Richard of London, MPME, p 272, no 4 Delete this entry It was Richard of Wendover, physicus,MPME, p 284, not R of London who held the Ealdland prebend St Paul's, p 46

Richard Lucas Mr, barber, London, 1472-1487 Ward barber 1472, 1481, mr 1487 Young,Annals, p 3

Richard Merlawe Barber, London, 1424 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2Richard Moneycock Barber, London, 1480 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Richard Morys Mr, barber, London, 1378 Young, Annals, p 1Richard of Oudeby, MPME, p 281 Bullough, Camb , p 162, Ussery, p 53, no 60Richard Seybrok Monk, Durham Owned BL Arundel MS 507, De virtutibus herbae Robbins, p

411, n 52Richard Snadenham Mr, barber, London, d before 1442 Mr barber 1424 Young, Annals, p 2,

Beck, p. 158Richard Southnam Barber, London, 1475-1482 Ward barber 1475, 1482 Young, Annals, p 3Richard Swalow Barber, London, d before 1481 Beck, p 166Richard Tenet, MPME, p 283 Bullough, Oxf, p 609, n 90, Emden, BRUO 111 xhvRichard Wellys, MPME, p 283 Mr barber-surgeon 1415, 1419, 1424, 1428, mr barber 1417

Young, Annals, p 2, Dobson and Walker, p 14 MPME, p 284, n 1 also in Young, pp 40-2

Richard of Wendover, MPME, p 284 see Richard of London aboveRichard de Wideslade D M , Oxford, d by 1348 Emden, BRUO 111 2228Richard of Wilton Mr, medicus', 1192X1197 In 1192 x 1197 a charter of Bp Savanc of Bath was

attested by the physicians, Mr Alexander and Mr Ernaudo R , another witness, was evidentlya third practitioner Chibnall, p 6, no 9

Richard de Wy, MPME, p 285 Beck, p 53Richardus Anghcus, MPME, p 270 Bullough, Oxf, p 608, n 85, Jacquart, Suppl , p 256



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Robert, MPME, p 1, no 1 (listed with Adam) Kealey, Med , p 147, no. 73Robert. Medicus, Warwick, mid-i2th c R sold land to Earl Roger of Warwick 1119X1153

Kealey, Med , p 146, no. 70Robert, MPME, p 285, no 2 Kealey, Med , p 147, no 71Robert, MPME, p. 285, no 3 Kealey, Med , p 147, no 72Robert, MPME, p. 285, no 4 Smith 1 182, no 294Robert. Medicus, prob 13th c. BL Add Chart 21493Robert, MPME, p. 286, no 5 and p 303, no 4 These two are the sameRobert, MPME, p 289, no. 2. Mr, royal physician, medicus, physicus, Scotland, ca 1250 Watt,

P- 470 (5)-Robert, MPME, p 289 no 5 Same as Robert of Fndaystreet, MPME, p. 294' Cf Robert Lawrens

below, who also occupied Fndaystreet much laterRobert Benham Mr, medicus, 1415. Henry V's physician Matthews, Apothecaries, p 42Robert de Blaikton. Mr, medicus, mid-l4th c Freeman of York. Ussery, p 41, no 7Robert Braunche, MPME, p 292 Beck, p 137 See John Wright aboveRobert de Cisterae Mr, medicus, 1303 Physician to Prince Edward Matthews, Apothecaries, p

23Robert Dallahouse Mr, barber, London, 1462-1474 Mr barber 1462, 1474 Young, Annals, p 3Robert Dasons Barber, London, 1452-1455 Ward barber 1452, 1455 Young, Annals, p 2Robert Dave Barber, London, ca 1400 Involved in suit with Robert Faukener and Nicholas

Bradmore (q v.) MPME, p. 295Robert Ferbras, MPME, p 295 Beck, p 137Robert Grosseteste Natural philosopher, bishop of Lincoln, ca 1168-1253 Bullough, Oxf, pp.

600, 601, n 2, DSB v (1972) 'Robert Grosseteste', by A C Crombie, 548-54, Emden, BRUO11 830, 111 xxvi, Jacquart, Suppl , p 260, Southern, Grosseteste

Robert Halyday, MPME, p 296 Ward barber 1466, 1468, mr 1475, 1483, 1485, 1490, 1496Young, Annals, pp 3-4, assented with James Ingolby, James Scott and Nicholas Lyveryng (q vabove) to accord between Barbers' Co and Surgeons' Gild in 1493 Young, p 68

Robert Hychys. Book owner Owned Bodl Ashmole MS 1379, a herbal Robbins, p 401Robert Lawrens Surgeon, London, late 15th c ' 'Mr Robert Lawrens in Fridays stret' is named

in a list of medical practitioners under the heading 'surgouns' in a late 15th c hand, in BodlAshmole MS 1481, part I E., fol 33 See Black, col 1322, item 2

Robert Lilley Barber, London, 1484 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Robert Luke. M A , Oxford, mid-i4th c. Rebuked by Bp Grandisson for requests for leave from

priestly duties Emden, BRUO 11 1176, Ussery, p 49, no 46Robert Nicholle Late 15th c ' R is named in Bodl Ashmole MS 1432 (late I5th/early 16th c )

as the author of a recipe 'For the axes or eny disease in trie stomak per Robert Nicholle' (p 7)Robert Palmer, MPME, p 298 Ward barber 1469, 1473, 1480, mr 1489 Young, Annals, p 3Robert de Renham, MPME, p 298 From the account of Abbot Wenlok's receiver, Sept 1307

Item given to Mr R for a visit to Mr (Wenlok) 20 s and a silk purse Harvey, p 208, also p212, etc

Robert Scarlett Mr, barber, London, 1472-1494 Ward, barber 1472, 1477, 1482, mr 1488, 1494Young, Annals, pp 3-4

Robert Scott Barber, London, 1471—1474 Ward barber 1471, 1474 Young, Annals, p. 3Robert de Sidersterne, MPME, p 302. Emden, BRUO 111 1700Robert Stevynson Surgeon, leech, London and Lancashire, 1460. Jenks, p 224Robert de Stichill. Medicus, royal physician, Scotland, 1205 Attended William Watt, p 515Robert Studdis. Mr, barber, London, 1479 Young, Annals, p 3Robert Swete Surgeon, London, 1471/1472 PRO C 264/60/4 mentions R , of St Clements

Danes outside Temple Bar, surgeon (also mentioned in C 264/60/15)Robert de Venys Royal physician, abbot, late 12th c R was physician to Henry II He was also

monk and abbot of Malmesbury Abbey 1171X1180 Knowles, Brooke and London, p 55



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Robert de Waldby Physician', bishop, Oxford, d. 1398 Augustiman, D Th , studied at Oxfordand Toulouse, bishop of Chichester, archibishop of York Emden, BRUO 111 1958, Ussery, p56, no 75

Robert Warreyn, MPME, p 305 Matthews, Apothecaries, p 47Robert Watson Appr barber, London, late 15th c Remembered in will of John Wylkynson,

MPME, p 196.Robert Willington Surgeon, first half of 15th c Served John Mowbray, Earl Marshal, from 1417

to 1432: Rawchffe, p. 70, n 46.Robert Yaxley, MPME, p. 306 Leader, p 205Roger Medicus, Lincoln, 1151 R attested two writs of Bp Robert de Chesney of Lincoln in

1151 Kealey, Med., p. 147, no 74Roger. Mr, medicus, St Albans, 1152. May be same as Kealey, Med , p 147, no 74, Smith p

xhv and nos, 83 and 84Roger Mr, medicus, Essex, mid-i2th c R attested a writ for William de Mandeville, earl of

Essex Elvey, p 113, no 119, (1167X1189), also BL Harl. MS 3697 (Welbec Cart ), fol 19(1166X1190)

Roger Medicus, Berkshire, ca 1170 R attested a writ of Simon of Chelesfeld BL Egerton MS3031 (Reading Cart ), fol 42V

Roger Mr, medicus, Norwich, late 12th c R was of the circle of Bp John I of Norwich (1175-1200) He attested an episcopal charter for Reenham Priory Dugdale, Mon Angl v 70, novin He was prob the Mr R medicus who attested a charter of Prior Peter of Bricett CambKing's Coll Muniments, Bricett Deeds B 9

Roger, MPME, p. 306, no 3 R attested a grant of a meadow by Bp Reginald to the Hospital ofStjohn Kemp, p 15, no 3.

Roger, MPME, p. 308, no 4 Emden, BRUO 111. 1584Roger Bacon, MPME, p 308 DSB 1 (1970) 'Roger Bacon', by A C CrombieandJ D North,

377-85; Jacquart, Suppi, p 262.Roger the Barber Barber, London, 1319 Servant of John de Dalhnge, sheriff of London Young,

Annals, p 26.

Roger Clerk Illicit practitioner, Wandsworth, 1382. Sued by Roger atte Hacche for pretendingto the skills of a physician and surgeon when he had no skills in the case of Roger atte Hacche'swife Johanna' Young, Annals, pp. 37—8

Roger Fabell M Gram , Oxford, mid-i5th c. Appointed by Oseney Abbey grammar master ofnovices, chaplain of St Nicholas's chapel and physician to the abbey Emden, BRUO 11 663,Orme, pp 182-3.

Roger of Gloucester Mr, medicus, mid-i2th c R attested two deeds (1148X1163) of Gilbert ofMonmouth and his wife Bertha to the Cistercians of Flaxley Flaxley Abbey had a medical bookwritten in English by him Kealey, Med , p 147, no 75

Roger de Heyton, MPME, p. 310 Beck, p 48; Rawchffe, p 69Roger Marshall, MPME, p 314 Bullough, Camb , p 164, Leader, p. 205Roger Necton. D M., Oxford, d by 1484 Emden, BRUO 11 1340Roger Rooke Mr, barber, London, 1419 Young, Annals, p 2Roger of St Albans Mr, surgeon, 1336 Surgeon to Edward III BL Cotton Galba MS E III, fol

185Roger Scnpe. Mr, barber, London, 1446-1469 Ward barber 1446, 1453, mr 1456, 1461, 1469

Young, Annals, pp. 2—3Roger Webb, MPME, p 315 Corr P 316,1 1. for 1353 read 1453; Beck, p 163, prints his will,

in which he calls himself citizen and barber Ward barber, 1449. Young, Annals, p 2Roland, MPME, p 316 Kealey, Med., p 148, no 76Rowland Frankysh, MPME, p 316 Ward barber 1462, 1466, mr 1468 Young, Annals, p 3,

Beck, p 164Rowland Phihpps Lie M , Oxford, 1468-prob 1538 Emden, BRUO 111 1477Sampson Brassard Medicus, Oxford, 1241 Emden, BRUO 1 250, Bullough, Oxf, p 601



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Sampson de Mierbeawe Mr, physician, Vaucluse, 1409. Jewish physician prob. of Mirabeau;summoned to attend Alice Fitzwaryn, wife of Richard Whittington Ussery, p. 51, no. 55, pp52-3, n 21

Semann de Hexham Mr, medicus, London, 1276 Weinbaum, pp 72—3 See John of Hexhamabove

Serlo, MPME, p 318 Kealey, Med , pp 74 ff.Simon. Mr, medicus, Scotland, late 12th c. Watt, p 494 (2)Simon. Mr, medicus, Hereford, late 12th c A charter of Luke of Puderuge, from Hereford, was

attested by S i n n 8 9 X i i 9 9 P R O D L 36/1, no 139.Simon Mr, medicus, Buckinghamshire, 13th c Witnessed deed to the abbey Missenden Carl , 111:

146, no. 754Simon, MPME, p 318, no. 4 Emden, BRUO 111 1703Simon Barbour Barber, Lincoln, 1384 PRO CP 40, no 494, m. 173dSimon de Beauvais, MPME, p 319 Beck, p. 21 See Philip of Beauvais aboveSimon de Biger Medicus, Scotland Prob same as Simon, Bygre, MPME, p 318, no 2, Watt,

P 48Simon Bredon, MPME, p 320 Corr. P 321, 1. 32, for Merton MS read Merton MS N, Bullough,

Oxf, pp 603, 607, Courtenay, p 37, on Bodl Balliol MS 89, see Mynors, p 73; Ussery, p42, no 11; Voigts, p 373, Voigts and McVaugh, p. 13.

Simon Coll, MPME, p. 322 Ward barber 1478, 1487 Young, Annals, p 3Simon Conyngesby Mr, barber, London, 1384 Young, Annals, p 1Simon of Holbeche, MPME, p 322. Bullough, Camb., pp 162, 166, Emden, BRUO 11 945Simon the Monk Illicit practitioner, physicus, York, 1218—1219 Involved in homicide Stenton,

Yorkshire, pp 377—8, no 1045Simon de Plaghe, MPME, p 324 Ussery, p. 54, no 63Simon Poule Mr, barber, London, 1428 Young, Annals, p 2Simon de Preston, MPME. p. 324. Beck, p. 21Simon Rolf, MPME, p 325. Mr barber-surgeon 1415, 1416, 1419, 1423, 1424, 1428 Young,

Annals, p 2, Dobson and Walker, p 14, Walton, Jury, p 479, MPME p 326, n 1 also inYoung, pp. 40-2

Simon de Stramilock, MPME p 326. Wickersheimer, p 745Solicits Medica, Herefordshire, ca. 1234 S was part of a medical family active in Herefordshire

S recorded that she was present when her brother John made donations of land to LeominsterShe confirmed them, as did her husband, William of Ford: BL Cotton Domitian MS A III(Leominster Cart), fols 113, 115V, Kealey, Women See John, medicus, Herefordshire, Matildaabove

Solomon, MPME, p 326 Lipman, pp 117-18, 159, 180, 183Stephen Mr, medicus, Leicester, mid-12th c S was associated with Robert, earl of Leicester

Kealey, Med , p 148, no 78Stephen Borworth, MPME, p 327. Emden, BRUO 1: 125, 11 xiStephen of Cornwall, MPME, p 327 Emden, BRUO 1 491T Home Surgeon, late 15th c ? 'T Home' is included in a list of medical practitioners, under

the heading 'surgouns' in a late 15th c hand, m Bodl Ashmole MS 1481, Part I E , fol 33Black, col 1322, item 2

Theobaldus, MPME, p 328. Rawcliffe, p. 71, n 51Thomas. Mr, medicus, Scotland, mid-i2th c. Watt, p. 530 (1)Thomas Mr, medicus, mid-i2th c. Ca 1166X1177 Geoffrey de Say confirmed a grant of Earl

William de Mandeville for Walden Priory T was a witness BL Harl MS 3697 (Walden Cart),fol 20

Thomas. Mr, medicus, 1222X1230. Advised to attend royal army as physician in letter dated1222X 1230 'In the seige of castles, physicians are necessary, and especially they who know howto cure wounds (in obsidione castrorum necessani sunt media et maxime vulnera curare scientes)there comes to the army of our lord the king, by my advice, Master Thomas' (Blaauw, p 42,



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from Martin de Pateshull, chief justice of Common Pleas from 1216-1230, to Ralph, Bishop ofChichester)

Thomas Mr, physicus, late 15th c ' BL Harl MS 1628 (late 15th c ) contains a recipe 'Pillulecontra pestem secundum ordinationem magistn Thome phisici' (fol 2)

Thomas Physician, late 15th c ' T is included in a list of medical practitioners, under the heading'Fesiscians,' in a late 15th c hand, in Bodl Ashmole MS 1481, part I E , fol. 33 Black, col1322, item 2

Thomas Asshill, MPME, p. 332 Beck, p. 141.Thomas de Aston, MPME, p 333 Ussery, pp 35 ffThomas the Barber Barber, London, 1320. One of several asked to contribute to a £1000 royal

fine Young, Annals, p. 26Thomas Bentley, MPME, p. 334 Rawcliffe, p 66Thomas Bloxham, MPME, p 334. Emden, BRUO 111 xvThomas Boket, MPME, p 335. Emden, BRUO 1 210Thomas Bowd. M D Cambridge, 1471 Bullough, Camb , p 82, Venn, Alumni Cantab part 1,

vol. i 189Thomas Boyvel. Mr, barber, London, 1377 Young, Annals, p 1Thomas Broun, MPME, p 336, no 1 Emden, BRUO 1 281, Ussery, p 43, no 13Thomas Browne Barber, London, 1456 Ward barber. Young, Annals, p 2, poss same as

Thomas Broun, MPME, p 336, no 2.Thomas Butolf, MPME, p. 424 Rawcliffe, p. 65Thomas Castard Barber, London, 1459 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Thomas de Clotton, MPME, p. 424. Ussery, p 43, no 17Thomas Colard, MPME, p 337. Ward, barber 1465 Young, Annals, p 3, Beck, p 166, prints

his will, in which he calls himself citizen and barberThomas Colb Medical text owner, 15th c. On fol 249 and on the inside front pastedown of BL

Harl MS 1736 (15th c ) is 'Iste liber pertinent ad Thomam Colb ' See Thomas Mortstedebelow

Thomas Duns, MPME, p. 341 Watt, p 168 (2), Wickersheimer, p 759Thomas Edmonds, MPME, p 341 Rawcliffe, p 63Thomas Folhot Barber, London, 1460 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Thomas Forestier, MPME, p 343. Emden, BRUO 111 2176, Walton, Sweat, Walton, ForestterThomas de Fntheby Medicus, York, 1367 Freeman of York Ussery, p 4S, no 29.Thomas Gamme, MPME, p 344 For Thomas Gamme read John Game.Thomas Geffery Mr, barber, London, 1449 Young, Annals, p 2Thomas Goddard Mr, barber, London, 1461—1481 Ward barber 1461, 1464, 1467, mr 1470,

1481 Young, Annals, p 3Thomas Green Barber, London, 1468 Ward barber Young, Annals, p. 3Thomas Hall, MPME, p 346 Leader, p 204Thomas Hertford, MPME, p 347 PRO KB 29/86 m 35c! (1455/56) mentions T of the parish

of St Sepulcre, London, surgeonThomas Lmacre, MPME, p 348. Jacquart, Suppl , p. 275, Maddison, Pelhng and WebsterThomas de Mangrave Appr barber, London, early 14th c Remembered in will of Richard le

Barber Young, Annals, p 25

Thomas Mercer Cambridge, mid-i5th c T was fellow of Corpus 1437—43 who owned or wrotea medical book containing a phlebotomy tract found in Bodl Rawl MS C 543, fol 32 Emden,BRUC, p 402, Macray, II, col 292, item 7 See William Ludham below

Thomas Morstede, MPME, p 350 Corr P 352,1 5, for Roger read Robert Beck, p 92, James,Rawcliffe, pp 65, 68, 71, n 52, 74; Voigts, p 390, n 26, Voigts and McVaugh, p 16, Walton,Jury, p. 480 Beck believes a surgery found in BL Harl MS 1736, fols 6 ff is Morstede's andpnnts excerpts from it Beck, pp 105 ff See Thomas Clob above Talbot prints extracts fromthe same text and describes it as Morstede's book, but does not give the location of the MS (pp.193—5) Beck refers to the text as 'my discovery and identification' (p 105) apparently in



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ignorance of Talbot's work. Neither writer offers compelling evidence for identifying the textin question as Morstede's

Thomas Mulstede Royal physician, first half of 15th c Called medicus regis; lent £6155 to theEarl Marshal in Normandy Arundel Castle MS A 1642, m. 22 See Robert Wilhngton above

Thomas Multon Dominican medical translator, 15th c ? For a discussion of T. as a late medievalEnglish Dominican fnar and translator, see Getz, Chanty

Thomas Newton, MPME, p 352 Physician at Cirencester Abbey in 1425, T. is mentioned inBodl Rawl MS B 326 fol 14, transcribed in Finberg, pp 119-20 'The Canons of Cirencesterand their Physicians' (fisici).

Thomas Parkins Barber, London, 1479 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3Thomas Pett B M , Oxford, mid-isth c Emden, BRUO 111. 1471Thomas Plawdon. Surgeon, London, d 1413 Had a medical compendium translated for him by

one Austin, found in Camb Gonville and Cams MS 176/97 Voights and McVaugh, esp pp15, 24-25, Voigts, p 382

Thomas Roppisley, MPME, p 354 Beck, p 143Thomas Rosse, MPME, p 354 Beck, p 170Thomas Southwell, MPME, p 356 Walton, Jury, p 480.Thomas Trayl, MPME, p. 358 Watt, p 538Thomas Walhs Barber, London, 1451-1465 Ward Barber 1451, 1454, 1465 Young, Annals, pp

2-3, Dobson and Walker, p 17Thomas Warde, MPME, p. 358, nos 3 and 4 Rawcliffe, p 68, n 28, MPME conjectures that

nos. 3 and 4 are the sameThomas Warde, MPME, p 358, no 5 Jenks, p 224.Thomas de Weseham, MPME, p 359 Beck, p 20Thomas Willot. Mr, barber, London, 1447-1465 Ward, barber 1447, 1451, mr 1457, 1465 Young,

Annals, pp 2-3, Dobson and Walker, p 17Tideman de Winchcombe, MPME, p 362 That he was a Cistercian surgeon (and poss physician)

Ussery, pp 46, n 17, 57, no. 79, Rawcliffe, p 68, n 30, p 70Tuttsane, MPME, p 363 Emden, BRUO 111 1918W Medicus, Hertfordshire, early 13th c During the tenure of Hehas abbot of Reading,

1200 x 1212, Hawisse, wife of Ralph of Stoke, gave Leominster Priory land that belonged toW in Sugginheu (?) BL Cotton Domitian MS A III (Leominster Cart ), fol 133V The nextcharter is a grant from Abbot Hehas to Edith, wife of Walter of Purdrtam ('), so perhaps thedr's name was Walter

W de Baa see William of Bath belowWalter, MPME, p 363 Kealey, Med , p 148, no. 80Walter, MPME, p 424 Prob should be dated to mid-i2th c Kealey, Med , p 148, no 79Walter, MPME, p 364, no 1 Kealey, Med , p 149, no 82Walter Mr, medicus, Norfolk, mid-12th c W attested two baronial charters copied in the Castle

Acre Cart Kealey, Med., p 148.no 81, BL Harl MS2110, fol 9Walter Mr, medicus, second half of 12th c W attested a charter to Richard, bishop of Coventry

(1161 x 1182) from Robert Fitz Ranulf. It concerned the abbey of Beauchief, which had beenfounded as recently as 1173X1176 Colvin, p 343, no 8

Walter, MPME, p. 364, no 3 and p 366, no 1. These two are the same. Kealey, Harv , p. 136.Walter Mr, medicus, Yorkshire, late 12th c W attested two grants of Agnes Engaine in the late

12th c Yorkshire Deeds 76 (1930) 96, nos 308, 309Walter Mr, medicus, late 12th c W attested a grant for Leicester Abbey Nichols 1, 2: 261, col

1Walter Daniel. Medicus, Yorkshire, mid-i2th c. See Ailred of Rievaulx above, whose life Daniel

composed He was a Cistercian abbot at Rievaulx from 1150 who referred to himself as medicusKealey, Med , p 149, no 83

Walter de Gales, MPME, p 367 Ussery, p 45, no. 32Walter Gisebourne Mr, barber, London, 1383 Young, Annals, p 1



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Walter Knyghtley, MPME, p. 367 Corr P 369, n 14, for pertissimo read peretissimo, Emden,BRUO ur xxxi; W. owned a Guy de Chauliac surgery written in England and now GloucesterCathedral MS 7 Ker, MSS, pp 944-5

Walter Leinster, MPME, p 369. Corr. P 370, n 1, for 1218 read 1128 'Mr Lemstere'is includedin a list of medical practitioners, under the heading 'Fesiscians' in a late 15th c hand, in BodlAshmole MS 1481, Part I E , fol 33, Black, col 1322, item 2 W. was granted an annuity fromthe manor of Hinton, Cambridgeshire (10 marks) from the Duke of Norfolk by 1472, andanother from Great Chesterford, Essex (10 marks) in 1474-5 Lambeth Archives Dept MS VI1330, fols 2, 3, 12, BL Harl MS 433 refers to Walter Leinster or Lyenster on fols 74V, 147V,160 Horrox and Hammond, 1 207, 11 87, 111. 107 See also MPME, p 18, Anthony Lupyane

Walter of Longstock, MPME, p 370 Corr : For Longstock read Langestoke Consulted at Oxfordabout the illness of Lady Blount, guest of Isabel of Lancaster in 1334: Emden, BRUO 11 1094

Walter de Lyndngge, MPME, p 371 The date of Walter's death is probably too early, prob 1365Ussery, p 49, no. 47, Emden, BRUO 111 2192

Walter Rowe. Surgeon, London, 1452 Jenks, p 225Walter de Stratton. Book owner, student, Cambridge, d by 1349 Bodl Balhol MS 89 (early 14th

c ) contains a recipe ascribed to W. (fol 398)- Mynors, p 73, prob the Cambridge man whogave several MSS including a Gilbertus Anghcus (now Camb Pembroke Coll MS 169) toPembroke Hall; Emden, BRUO, p. 563

Willard Medicus, Essex, mid-12th c W gave the priory of Dunmow land below Ongar BLHarl MS 662 (Dunmow Cart), fol 63V Later, Richard de Lucy, who retired in 1179, confirmedthe gift made by Ralph, son of W medicus ibid Thus W must have been active before 1159and have had at least one son

William, MPME, p. 373, no 2 Juliana is noted on 1. 127 of the Malmesbury Reg as Juliana,daughter of W 'le Myre'

William, MPME, p 373, no. 3 Kealey, Med , p 149, no 84William Barber, Oxford, 1130 I n i i 3 o W rasor was pardoned 4 s 6d for Danegeld payments

in Oxford Pipe Roll, 31 Henry I, p 6William, MPME, p. 373, no. 4 Kealey, Med , p 150, no 85William Medicus, Lincolnshire, mid-12th c. Add to Kealey, Med , p 150.no 86 When the earl

gave the abbey land, he said the displaced peasants were free to go, or he would give other landsto those who chose to stay with him W was among those who elected to leave Thus, he andthe others were prob serfs Dugdale, Mon Angl v 455

William Mr, medicus, Essex, mid-i2th c W attested two charters in 1148X 1154 of Theobald,archbishop of Canterbury, for Colne Priory with Thomas of London (Becket): Kealey, Med ,p 150, no 88

William Medicus, Lincolnshire, 1143 W. was listed among townspeople of Revesby in 1143Kealey, Med , p 150, no 86

William, MPME, p 374, nos 1 and 5 The two are the same, W held the prebend of Sneatingfrom ca 1154 to 1162 St Paul's, p 77, Barlow, p 263, Kealey, Harv , p 262, n 6; Kealey,Med , p 151, no. 89

William Medicus, Leicester, last half of 12th c. Ca 1165 a grant of Richard Barre to NuneatonPriory was attested by W He was thus one of several physicians associated with the 12th cearls of Leicester BL Add Chart 48086 As Mr W , he appeared in another Nuneatontransaction, ca 1190 BL Add Chart 4763

William Mr, medicus, Nuneaton, ca 1190 W was witness in a suit between the prioress ofNuneaton and Richard the Clerk about the church of Waltham Stenton, Danelaw, no 344,could be same as MPME, William, p 374, no 2 or W , MPME, p 374, no 3, since Leicesterand Burton-on-Trent are about 20 miles from Nuneaton.

William Mr, physicus, late I2th/early 13th c W attested a grant of Patrick, Count of Dunbar(1182-1214) Raine, p 28 (appendix), no 124

William Medicus, York, ca 1200. Philip of Bernaldby and his brother W quitclaimed some landto Guisboro Priory in the presence of Richard, abbot of Selby (prob Richard I, 1195-1214)W was the last witness Cart Gysburne, 1 215-16, no 448

William Physician, Shrewsbury, early 13th c Grant to W. son of W medicus. Rees, 1 162—3,no 190.



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William Phisicus, Canterbury, early 13th c W was active in Canterbury in 1216 x 1217 Urry,p 158

William. Mr, physicus, Scotland, ca. 1232 Watt, p. 583 (3)William, MPME, p 375, no 2. Beck, p. 19.William de Acton, MPME, p 380. Ussery, p. 40, no 1William Altoftes, MPME, p 380 Beck, p 167.William Anghcus, MPME, p 381 The entry 'William the Englishman' in DSB xiv (1976) by

Emmanuel Poulle, 399-402 surveys recent work on W Jacquart, Suppl , p 99, Wickersheimer,p. 224

William of Appleton, MPME, p. 382 Sir John Reed cited 'Appilton' as the source for a recipe onfol. 52V of Bodl Rawl MS A 393 (early 16th c ); Macray I, col 392, item 12 (1), Ussery, pp40, no 3, 46, n 17, Rawchffe, pp 72, 73

William Atte Water, MPME, p 383 Chew, p 101, no 229William Atwood Barber, London, 1468 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3William Bacon. Barber, London, 1421 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2William Bale B M , Oxford, 1452 Emden, BRUO 1 98William Ball. Bishop of Ardfert, mid-i4th c Poss a medical man Emden, BRUO 111 2149William of Bath, MPME, p 384 Emden, BRUO 1 85, W de Baa, 11 xWilliam Blackwater, MPME, p 385 Rawchffe, p 68, Ussery, p 41, no 8William of Bolton, MPME, p 386 Auden, p 1400William of Bradwardine, MPME, p 387 Beck, p 76, Rawchffe, pp 65, 71, 74William de Burgate. Surgeon, ca 1313 PRO Just 3/45/1, mm 8,9William de Burnaston. D M., Oxford, d. by 1325 Emden, BRUO 1 314.William Chapelyn. Barber, London, 1423. Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2William Chapman Mr, barber, London, 1391 Young, Annals, p 1, as surveyor barber, with

Henry Cook, John Heydon and William Gomine (q v ), set out ordinances of the company in1387. Young, p 30

William Dorman B M , Oxford, 1457 Emden, BRUO 1 587William de Dounesheued Barber, London, 1315 Barber to Sir John de Sandale, chancellor

Young, Annals, p 26William de Dysford Medicus, York, mid-i4th c Freeman of York, chaplain Ussery, p 44, no

24William of Enyesham B M , ca 1365 Matthews, Spuers, p 75, CPMR, 1323-1364, p 31William de Eston see William of BathWilliam of Excestre, MPME, p 392 Ussery, p 44, no 26William de Exoma Phisicus, royal physician, ca 1340 Named in BL Cotton Galba MS E III, fol

184VWilliam de Felton Physician, Norwich, 1332-3 Named in a deed Rye, Calendar, p 170William Gatard Barber, London, 1474 Ward barber Young, Annals, p. 3William Goldwyn, MPME, p 395. Corr P 396, n 9, for 11 read 11, Bullough, Oxf, p 610,

Emden, BRUO 11 xvm, Rawchffe, p 75William Gomine Barber, London, 1388 As surveyor of barbers, with Henry Cook, John Heydon

and William Chapman (q v above), set out ordinances of the company in 1387 Young, Annals,p 30

William de Grenefeld Archbishop of York, early 14th c 'Unguentum ad parahsm factum in curiaRomana per medicos ibidem pro archiepiscopo Eboracensi Willelmo de Grenefeld'- Bodl BalholColl MS 89 (Avicenna, Canon, early 14th c ) , fol 398, described in Mynors, p 73

William de Grymstede Medical student, Padua, mid-i5th c Identified as B A (2 Dec 1446) andmed sch (5 March 1447), from Gnmstead Zonta and Brotto, nos 2108 and 2135

William Hamon, MPME, p 397 Beck, p. 51, Rawchffe, p 67, ussery, p. 46, no 37William Hattechffe, MPME, p 398. Bullough, Camb., p 163, Matthews, Apothecaries, p 47,

Rawchffe, pp 69, 71, n 52, 72, 73, 75, Robbins, p 408, Zonta and Brotto, no 2108William Hayles Barber, London, 1454 Ward barber: Young, Annals, p 2



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282 Faye Getz

William de Heghes, MPME, p 400 Corr P 401, n. 5, for 1749 read 1349 Emden, BRUO 11903; Ussery, p 47, no. 38

William Herdewyk Surgeon, Oxford, d 1334 Emden, BRUO 11 913William Hill Mr, barber, London, 1449-1473 Ward, barber 1449, 1454, mr 1463, 1473 Young,

Annals, pp 2-3William Hobbes, MPME, p 401 Ward barber 1458, 1461 (called serjeant-surgeon) Young,

Annals, p 3, Beck, p 161, Emden, BRUO 111. xxvm, RawchfTe p 69, n 37William Hoke Surgeon, London, 1449—52 Jenks, p 226William Holm, MPME, p 402 Beck, p 53, Rawchffe, p 69, Ussery, p 47, no 39William Horton. Mr, barber, London, 1475-1482 Ward barber 1475, 1479, mr 1482 Young,

Annals, p 3William Hunne Mr, barber, London, 1423 Young, Annals, p 2William Hurlebatt Battle Abbey, ca 1478-9 W attended Dom Thomas Kynggeswell during his

illness but is not called medicus Searle and Ross, p 151William Hurtebyse, MPME, p 404 Jenks, p 227William James M A , Lollard, Oxford, first half of 14th c Practised medicine at Maidstone, Kent

Emden, BRUO 11 1012; Ussery, p 48, no 40William Jane Lie M., Oxford, late 15th c Emden, BRUO 11 1014William of Kyhngholme, MPME, p 405 Concerning York Minster Library MS XVI E 32

Powell, Robbins, p 410William Leche, MPME, p. 379, no 5? Bird, pp 22, 64, 65, appendix 193 (d 1427/8)William le Leche, MPME, p 406 Holland, pp 117—18 See Richard Leech aboveWilliam Legge Mr, barber, London, 1446-1460 Ward, barber 1446, 1452, mr 1460 Young,

Annals, pp 2—3William Ludham Mr, medical scribe, Cambridge, ca 1440 W copied various texts, including a

commentary on the lsagoge ofjohannitius at Corpus Chnsti in 1440, in Bodl Rawl MS C 543,fols 33-120 Jacquart, Suppl p 130; Emden, BRUC, p 377 (2), Macray, II, cols 291-2 SeeThomas Mercer above

William of Malmesbury Benedictine scholar, ca 1090-1143 W studied a number of topics,including medicine Barlow, pp 260, 264, Kealey, Med , p 66, Strayer, p 639

William Marshall, MPME, p 407 Matthews, Apothecaries, p 47William May Mr, barber, London, 1384 Young, Annals, p 1William de Nyweton, MPME, p 408 Emden, BRUO 1 659, Ussery, p 52, no 59William Osneye Mr, barber, London, 1377 Young, Annals, p 1William de Otewych, MPME, p 409 Moorman, p 162William Pallet Barber, London, 1470, Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3William Pewall. Mr, barber, London, 1471-1480 Ward barber 1471, 1476, mr 1480 Young,

Annals, p 3William Pollard, MPME, p 410 Emden, BRUO 111 2207William Pollet Barber, London, 1458 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 3William de le Pyl, MPME, p 411 Ussery, p 54, no 64William Radicis, MPME, p 411 Ussery, p 54, no 65William Rede Bishop of Chichester, d 1385 Left medical books to Oxford in his will Emden,

BRUO 111 1556, Bullough, Oxf, pp 604, 608, Voigts, pp 348, 382William Rougham, MPME, p 412 Corr P 412, 2nd 1 of entry, for Oxford read Cambridge,

Bullough, Camb , p 163, Ussery, p 55, no 68William Ryggewyk Barber, London, 1423 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2William Shiplake Barber, London, 1421 Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2William Shryne B M , Oxford, 1457 Emden, BRUO 111 1699William Skelton, MPME, p 414 Bullough, Camb , p 167, Leader, p 202William Somers Mr, 15th c Fordyn, p 9William Stalworth, MPME, p 415 Beck, p 102, Rawchffe, pp 69, 75



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William Tankerville, MPME, p 417 Ussery, p 55, no 73William Valponi. Physician, France, d 1391 Of English origin, physician to dowager countess

of Savoy; executed for coining in 1391 Wickersheimer, p 266William Welles, MPME, p 418. Beck, p 136William Whitebred. Mr, barber, London, 1456-1471 Ward barber 1456, 1464, mr 1471. Young,

Annals, pp 2-3William Witwang, MPME, p 419 Beck, p 143William Woodhouse. Barber, London, 1447. Ward barber Young, Annals, p 2William Worcester alias Botoner Medical antiquarian, Norfolk, d 1480X1483 Emden, BRUO

111 2086

William de Wymondham, MPME, p. 420. Ussery, p 57, no 78William of York, MPME, p 420. Beck, p 21.Wlmarus Phlebotomist, London, mid-12th c W , the minutor, attested a charter for St Paul's

cathedral in 1138X 1152. Kealey, Med., p. 35. Poss same as the contemporary, Willard medicusabove.

Wolforde Cook, MPME, p 421. Jenks, p 227 See Peter Dancard aboveWulfnc of Haselbury, MPME, p 421 Kealey, Med , pp 40 ffYorvert Medicus, Shropshire, prob 13th c PRO E 326/4154



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