Meeting Minutes - Transportation

Spring 2013 AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Technical Section 3B, Plastic Concrete

State Line, Nevada 3:00-5:00 pm, Monday, August 5, 2013

Chair: Mick Syslo Vice Chair: Wally Heyen

Meeting Minutes

Call to Order/Opening Remarks/General Business: State Representative Present State Representative Present

NE Syslo, Mick X MD Hood, Woodrow L. NE Heyen, Wally J X MI Staton, John F. AASHTO MRL Johnson, Brian X MN Turgeon, Curt AASHTO MRL Lenker, Steven E. X MO Woods, Victoria AASHTO MRL Knake, Maria X NV Kaiser, Reid X CT Connery, James P. NM Simons, Bryce X DC Khan, Wasi U. NY Streeter, Donald A. FHWA Arasteh, Michael RI Felag, Mark E. X FHWA Smith, Michael SD Feller, Joe J. FL Bergin, Michael J TN Lane, Danny L. GA Wu, Peter X TX Hazlett, Darren X HI Carnate, Gerobin X UT Andrus, Scott ID Santi, Mike X VA Babish, Charles A. X IN Walker, Ronald P. X WA Baker, Thomas E. IA Berger, James WI Krebs, Steven W. KY Myers, Allen H. X - - -

1. Roll Call. (Membership Roster)

Tech Section 3b Page 1 of 34

Mick passed around the roster and discussed AASHTO going paperless. The agenda will be on the screen and the other screen will show any additional information.

2. Approve Spring 2013 Minutes - Appendix I There was a motion to accept the minutes and seconded. Minutes are approved.

3. Old Business:

a. AASHTO T 318 – Water Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete using Microwave Oven Drying. Mick began updating everyone about what was discussed at the Spring Meeting on the precision bias, calibration and absorption of

aggregates. Lawrence Sutter discussed the ASTM direction. Lawrence said there are three things that ASTM is concerned about: 1. Power of the microwave oven 2. Correction factor for absorption of the aggregate and 3. Precision and bias. From past research, ASTM is recommending the use of a 1200 watt microwave. Sutter said ASTM has put it on hold until AASHTO decides the direction we are going. The committee needs to modify 318 or ASTM will move forward with their own test method. It was discussed that since ASTM wanted to move forward and that is an existing AASHTO specification with a few user states that it would be in the best interest to go ahead and modify T 318. Sutter agreed to provide the testing results from Michigan Techs research. A Motion was made to modify 318 with the updated the changes from Sutter and have it on the fall ballot. Motion made and seconded. Motion passed.

4. New Business: a. AASHTO “C” Specifications Mick gave a brief description about the 'C' Standards. After some discussion, it was pointed out that the DAMS program has AASHTO staff that can assist and help determine if they can be deleted. The ‘C’ standards will be submitted to them. b. Reconfirmation of Standards

i. T-26-79 - Standard Method of Test for Quality of Water to Be Used in Concrete M 157 is being used by most states instead of the T 26. Kentucky and South Dakota had negatives on the past ballot. Mick mentioned that NDOR proposed to eliminate T 26 in 2008 and NDOR is in agreement with SD negative statements. Kentucky went through their negative comments and pointed out the T 26 needs to be updated. A motion was made to remove this specification and to have a concurrent fall ballot. Motion was seconded and passed.

c. Provisional to Standards

ii. TP-80 - Standard Method of Test for Visual Stability Index (VSI) of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC)

No negatives. Will take to a fall ballot.


iii. TP-83 - Standard Method of Test for Sampling and Fabrication of 50-mm (2-in.) Cube Specimens Using Grout (Non-Shrink) or Mortar

Mick asked Kentucky to go through their negative comments. Kentucky's major concern is this a test method or a practice. After hearing the negative comments, Mick agreed that this specification needs to be updated. Mick asked Kentucky to lead a task force and Alan agreed.

iv. TP-93 - Determining Formwork Pressure of Fresh Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) Using Pressure Transducers No negatives. Will take to a fall ballot.

d. Proposal AASHTO M 157/ASTM C 94 :

i. Proposal: Add water to the concrete while in transit (ASTM C 94)- Appendix II Eric Koehler- Chair of the C09.04 Task Group- Update Committee on propose changes

Eric Koehler gave a presentation on ASTM C 94 "In_transit Water Addition. With new technology the temperature, slump and w/c can be reported at the project site as the water is being added as the truck is heading to the project. All water added is recorded and available to inspector at jobsite. The system stops the addition of water when max. w/c is reached. Systems make accurate and automatic additions, which eliminates driver involvement. Inspector can see the in cab console to see the water added or go online. This change was just adopted into the ASTM C 94 specification. Mick asked who would utilize this spec. If concrete comes out dry they would adjust the next truck. The cost of the equipment will cost 1 to 2 percent of the concrete. Bryce - If the state doesn't want to use the system. How would the state know if it was used? How would you confirm they didn't add water? There are three companies that sell this system. It’s a new technology that is on 2000 trucks or so. Mick asked if the committee would entertain the addition of this in our specification. No interest in Nevada or Tennessee. Bryce - let the industry work through it. Action item - revisit next year and see where industry is with this new technology.

5. Status of TS 3b assigned standards (Appendixes III, IV & V ) 6. Open Discussion A.- Mick asked for someone a volunteer to be the committees Research Liaison. Each committee will have a research liaison who

report back to the committee on any research. This person will coordinate with NCHRP. Caroline Herrera (Texas) volunteered.

B.- Mick read the research objectives (Appendix VI) for using nanotechnology for curing compounds. Federal highway is doing some of this and wanted to kick it over to NCHRP. Georgene Geary (Georgia) described the need for the research. A motion was made to give support for this research. Motion was seconded and passed.

C.-NEXT MID- YEAR WEBINAR February 25, 2014 2:30 CST.

The Chairman adjourned the meeting.


Action Items 1.- Update T 318 and have a concurrent ballot this fall.

A procedure for applying a correction factor absorptive coarser aggregate and revised precision statement.

2.- T 26 will be concurrently balloted for removal.

3.- TP 80 will be balloted in the fall. Move from provisional to full standard.

4.- TP 93 will be balloted in the fall. Move from provisional to full standard.

5.- Revisit M 157 next fall meeting. The chairman will get update from Eric Koehler and proposed changes to add automated slump monitoring equipment.

6.- Kentucky (Alan Myers) is leading a task force to address negative comments for TP 83.

7.- The chairman will meet with AASTHO staff to determine the best course of action with the “C” standards under TS 3B.

8.- Texas will be the research liaison for TS 3b. 9.- The TS 3B made a commitment to support an NCHRP research proposal on improving curing compounds through the use of

nanotechnology.


Appendix II





Technical Section 3B Page 9 of 13

Appendix III Status of Testing Standards

AASHTO # AASHTO Created

YR

AASTHO Updated

YR ASTM #

ASTM Created

YR

ASTM Updated

YR STD* Type

Ballot Comments

Editorial Reconfirm T 26 1979 2008 - - - A Spring 2013 Submitted Spring 2013

T 119M/T119 2013 C 143/C 143M 2012 2012 B Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013 T 121M/T 121 2012 C 138/C 138M 2010a 2013 B

T 152 2013 C 231/C 231M 2010 2010 B Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013 T 155 2013 C 156-11 2011 2011 B T 157 2012 C 233/C 233M 2010a 2011 B T 158 2011 C 232/C 232M 2009 2012 B T 188 2005 2012 - - - A

T 196M/T 196 2011 C 173/C 173M 2010 2012 B T 197M/T 197 2011 C 403/C 403M 2008 2008 B T 309M/T 309 2011 C 1064/C 1064M 2008 2012 C

T 318 2002 2011 - - - A T 325 2004 2011 - - - A T 345 2012 - - - A T 347 2013 - - - A T 348 2013 - - - A Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013 T349 2013 - - - A Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013



Appendix IV Status of Specification Standards


YR

AASTHO Updated

YR ASTM #

ASTM Created

YR

ASTM Updated

YR STD* Type

Ballot Comments

Editorial Reconfirm M154 2012 C260/C260M 2010 2012a C M157 2013 - - - A Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013 M182 2005 2012 - - - A M194 2013 C494/C494M 2011 2013 C M205 2011 C470/C470M 2009 2009 C M241 2013 C685/C685M 2011 2011 C M295 2011 C618 2008a 2012a B M302 2013 C989 2012 2012a B M307 2013 C1240 2011 2012 B Fall 2012 Submitted Spring 2013 M321 2004 2012 - - A R60 2012 C172 2010 2010 B



(*) Standards

A- AASTHO (owned)

B- Shared

C – AASTHO # cover sheet in the front ASTM standard, some of the cover sheet has AASTHO exceptions.

Appendix V Status of Provisional (TP) Standards


YR

AASTHO Updated

YR ASTM #

ASTM Created

YR

ASTM Updated YR

STD* Type Ballot

Comments Editorial Reconfirm

TP 080 2010 - - - A TP 083 2010 - - - A TP 093 2012 - - - A


Page 1 of 13

APPENDIX VI AASHTO STANDING COMMITTEE ON RESEARCH

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS

NCHRP Problem Statement Outline I. PROBLEM NUMBER

To be assigned by NCHRP staff. II. PROBLEM TITLE

Nanomaterials to improve concrete curing compounds III. STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

Concrete pavement curing is known to be a vital component needed to produce durable concrete. It is well understood that without proper curing the concrete surface will dry more quickly, hydration will cease, and the resulting concrete will likely crack and be less durable than intended. Different curing methods, such as curing-compound, water-added, and water-retentive, are used to maintain water and ensure the necessary amount is available to promote satisfactory hydration. The use of curing compounds is widely adopted by the pavement industry due to the large surface-volume ratio of concrete pavements. Ultimately, curing compounds, in comparison with the other materials and methods, result in the lowest cost means for curing pavements. However, curing compounds are considered to be the least effective curing method. It has been shown that nanotechnology can improve strength, bonding, microstructure, and other concrete properties. Some evidence exists that shows nanomaterials likely improve these concrete properties by promoting hydration. It is possible these nanomaterials could also improve curing however; research into the effectiveness of such curing has not been performed. Nanomaterials, specifically in curing compounds should be studied for potential improvements in curing effectiveness. Nanomaterial based curing compounds may possess several advantages over traditional curing compounds such as the ability to not only remain at the surface but also penetrate into the concrete surface, be less influenced by bleeding, act as a potential barrier against salt penetration, improve mechanical properties in the concrete surface (e.g. strength, shrinkage resistance), and convert harmful NOx nearby. This technology can be economical if the materials are applied as a surface layer or potentially worked into the surface to get the material directly to the problem. The new material would be limited to those which are easily incorporated into the pavement process. If improved curing was realized, issues related to shrinkage, porosity, hydration, and the diffusion of deleterious ions such as chlorides should be monitored in order to track the hypothesized improved performance. Nanomaterials also have the possibility of remaining with the pavements whereas current curing compounds are not permanent. It would be advantageous if the nanomaterials could impart other favorable attributes as a secondary benefit of their inherent nature (e.g. act to continually seal the surface or clean the surface to improve the environment).

IV. LITERATURE SEARCH SUMMARY There have been many studies directed at improving curing techniques, practices, and materials. Wisconsin Highway Research Program did an investigation to understand how different compounds perform with different cementitious materials in various environments. Minnesota DOT researched various curing compounds and application techniques. Texas DOT examined moisture retention and physical improvements from curing which lead to the development of a field assessment procedure. Iowa State also explored curing compounds’ effects on concrete properties. Research has also been conducted on Lithium’s ability to be used as an additional curing material.


Page 2 of 13

Despite this extensive research, very little research has been conducted on the use of nanomaterials specifically for curing purposes. Some research has been conducted on the use of nanosilica to improve concrete, but more materials should be investigated. Montana State has conducted some research with respect to nanomaterials for the improvement of the concrete matrix, and China investigated the use for reduced chloride penetration. Lastly, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center has begun investigating nanomaterials for curing, but limited only to sol-gel technology where there are several other nanotechnology materials that would need to be explored. These are good initial studies, but further research is necessary to put these materials into the market for consumers.

V. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE The objective is to improve the curing compounds used on concrete pavements by applying nanotechnology. Ideally the technology developed will be a practice ready material. This nanotechnology can come in the form of any nanomaterial that can be applied during the curing process to evoke better curing, such as but not limited to nanosilica, nanoclays, or nanoaluminosilicates. It needs to be easily applied to the concrete and must be a cost effective use of materials. The technology can solve durability problems by perfecting the porosity, trapping water effectively in the bulk matrix, or improving the hydration in some way. The research should show improvements at the mechanical level and microstructural level. There is a need to understand the mechanism for improvement. By understanding why the nanomaterial functions as it does to improve the concrete curing process, curing research in general can progress. The material should improve the concrete in a measureable way in comparison to current materials. Proof of a clear economical savings, ease in usability, or customer satisfaction is necessary to introduce the products into the market.

VI. ESTIMATE OF PROBLEM FUNDING AND RESEARCH PERIOD

Recommended Funding: $250,000 Research Period: 18 months

VII. PERSON(S) DEVELOPING THE PROBLEM

Jessica MS Silva, PhD and Jose Munoz, PhD, Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center Federal Highway Administration Donald Streeter, P.E., Office of Technical Services New York State DOT

VIII. PROBLEM MONITOR TBD

IX. DATE AND SUBMITTED BY

Georgene M. Geary, Georgia DOT Chair, TRB AFN15T Task Force on Nanotechnology


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Meeting Minutes - Transportation