Membrane Bioreactors and Fouling.pptx

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MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS

& FOULING

CVEN 601

FALL 2015

By

Chorghe, Dr!"

N##$r, Go%"#

November 17th,



NAM E

CONTRIBUTION

PRE SENT ATIO

N

Chor ghe,Darpan

Membrane

Bioreactor

s

Slides !" #$

Nadad%r,&o'i

nd

(o%li ng

Slides #)"

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'h( ) Me*+r"eBore(or-

• Combines fne screening with activatedsludge biological process and advancedmembrane fltration.

• Used to treat municipal and industrialwastewater.

• he activated sludge is separated !rom

the li"uid as it passes through themembrane modules.

• Conventional sedimentation processesare not re"uired



Me*+r"e Bore(or

#ource$ www.mena%water.de



Me*+r"e Bo.Re(orCo"/g$r(o"

1. Cross%&low '() *+lso )e!erred as #ide #tream or -ternal'embrane '() / n this tpe, membrane component isplaced in a separate vessel, outside the bioreactor basin. nthis sstem, usuall polmeric at sheet membranes are used

and the mi-ed li"uor is fltered under pressure in a specifcouter s3in membrane module. he permeate u- generallvaries between 50 and 120 m4 m2 s and the transmembranepressure *'6 is in the range o! 1 to bar.



2. #ubmerged *8r mmersed '() / n this tpe, membranecomponent is immersed inside the bioreactor basin. Usuallhollow fber membranes are used !or submerged '()s. &or the

submerged confguration, the fltration is carried out in theaeration basin b suction removal o! the e9uent. he permeateu- varies !rom 15 to 50 m4 m2 s and the rans'embrane6ressure is about 0.5 bar.



Co"/g$r(o" oMe*+r"e)

here are si- principal confgurationscurrentl emploed in membraneprocesses, which all have various

practical benefts and limitations.• 6late%and%!rameat sheet *&#• :ollow &iber *:&• 'ulti%ubular *',• Capillar tube *C• 6leated flter cartridge *&C,• #piral%wound *#;



#ources$http$3ochnews.comhttp$www.<rt%memos.comencha.asp=id>10

http$www.3ochmembrane.com?earning%CenterConfgurations;hat%are%#piral%'embranes.asp-



Me*+r"e M(er

6olmeric materials

• #nthetic polmers are produced bpolmerisation o! a monomer *condensation oraddition or b the co%polmerisation o! 2di@erent monomers.



norganic 'embranes

• norganic membranes re!er to

membranes made o! materials such asceramic, carbon, silica, Aeolite, variouso-ides *alumina, titania, Airconia and

metals such as palladium, silver and theirallos.



A#%"(ge) o MBR

• #mall !ootprint.• Competitive capital costs.• )educed overall ?i!e ccle costs.• as to install.• ?ower construction time.• ?ower power consumption.• Bisin!ection is eliminated due to ecient

membrane separation technolog•

#ludge generated !rom the process re"uires lessdewatering due to the high solid content.• Becreased downtime !or cleaning and

maintenance.• :igh "ualit e9uent / nutrient removal.



D)#%"(ge) o MBR

• :igher capital and operatingcosts.

• 'embrane cleaning and !oulingcontrol.

•nerg costs.

• #low sludge settling rate henceuse o! chemicals to produce bio%

solids.



AS %3) MBR

Activated SludgeProcess

1. urbidit, NU>2%

D102. (8B> E2%40 mg?

4. ##% E40 mg?

. otal Coli!orm%10,000 to100000 100ml

Membrane Bio-Reactor

1. urbidit, NU>

E0.22. (8B> E2

4. ##> E2

. otal Coli!orm>100 100ml

#ource$ www.trusselltech.com



AS %3) MBR

#ource$ www.dwe.d3er



FOULING

&ouling is the settlement *or growthin case o! bio!ouling o! unwanted

materials on a solid sur!aceresulting in a loss o! ecienc o!

the e"uipment or sur!ace.

#ource$



G 'acro!ouling *or macroscale !ouling as the name suggests is caused b

coarse matter o! either inorganic or biological origin li3e animals andplants. +n e-ample is bloc3age in pipes due to algae.

G 'icro!ouling is caused b bacteria and unicellular algae

G Chemical reaction !oulingG Corrosion !oulingG 6recipitation !oulingG (io!ouling

T4ES





So$re (i-ler, H. B., I (hushan, (. *2012. (io!ouling$ lessons !rom

nature. Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, And EngineeringSciences, 370*1JK7, 24L1%217. doi$10.10JLrsta.2011.0502



So$re Nguen, ., )oddic3, &. +., I &an, ?. *2012. (io!ouling o! ;ater reatment'embranes$ + )eview o! the Underling Causes, 'onitoring echni"ues and Control'easures. Membranes, 2*, L0%L0. doi$10.44J0membranes200L0



• the adsorption o! organic species and suspended particles on the wettedmembrane sur!ace to !orm a conditioning flm

• the transport o! the microbial cells to the conditioning flm• the attachment o! the microbial cells to the membrane sur!ace• the growth and metabolism o! the attached microorganisms

and bioflm development• the limitation o! bioflm growth b uid shear !orces *detachment process

to achieve a stead state !ouling resistance

MECANISM

#ource$ 'onroe B *2007 ?oo3ing !or Chin3s in the +rmor o! (acterial (ioflms. 6?o#(iol 5*11$ e407.



CARACTERI7ATIONTECNI8UES

piuorescence microscop *microbial activit, total cell count, Con!ocal ?aser #canning *4B structure o! bioflmlectron 'icroscop *#'$ imaging comple- structures, '$ visualiAe cross%sectional detail

o! individual microorganisms and theirrelationship to each other

#canning ransmission M%)a *e-amine hdrated bioflms due to so!t M%ras#o!t M%)a and Bigital ime%?apse 'icroscop *initial steps,

growthdetachment phase

&ourier rans!orm n!rared *chemical nature o! bioflmNuclear 'agnetic )esonance *non%invasive "uantitative measurement o! )8membrane

)aman #pectroscop



#ource$ u<undAic, ., Cristina &onseca, +., :ernandeA, '.*2007O Ultrasonic monitoring o! earlstage bioflm growth on



MONITORING

% (iological parameters$ +6 content, total direct cell counts *BC,

assimilable organiccarbon *+8C and the bioflm !ormation rate *(&)

% #stem parameters li3e pressure drop, o-gen upta3e, permeate u- andsalt passage

% &luorometr method *uorogenic agent such as %methlumbelli!erlphosphate or

pranine phosphate% Ultrasonic ime%Bomain )eectometr *UB)% (iosensorsNano%#ensors% 'embrane &ouling #imulator

#ource$



BIOFILM CLEANING

G 6hsical$ sponges, water <ets or bac3%ushing with a permeate

G Chemical$ use o! acids and basesG (iological$

(iocide reatment *Chlorine, 8Aone,

UPQ Nutrient limitation *N, 6 (iological control *bacteriophage &eed water pre%treatment *reduceorganic content 'isc *+g2R, bacteriostatic





• nternational Sournal o! merging echnolog and +dvanced ngineering

;ebsite$ www.i<etae.com *##N 2250%25J, #8 J001$200L Certifed Sournal, Polume , ssue 12, Becember 201

• http$water.epa.govscitechwastetechupload200LT01T24TmtbTet!sTmembrane%bioreactors.pd!

• http$www.separationprocesses.com'embrane'TChp07a.htm

•

http$www.eolss.netsample%chaptersc07eK%1%14.pd! • http$rsta.roalsocietpublishing.orgcontentropta4701JK724L1.!ull.pd

!

• Nguen, ., )oddic3, &. +., I &an, ?. *2012. (io!ouling o! ;ater reatment'embranes$ + )eview o! the Underling Causes, 'onitoring echni"uesand Control 'easures. 'embranes, 2*, L0%L0.

doi$10.44J0membranes200L0• Cui, ?.O ao, '.O )en, (.O Vhang, .%#. #ensitive and versatile detection o!

the !ouling process and !ouling propensit o! proteins on polvinlideneuoride membranes via sur!ace%enhanced )aman spectroscop. +nal.Chem. 2011, L4, 170J/171K.

•

?e%Clech, 6.O Chen, P.O &ane, +.H. &ouling in membrane bioreactors used inwastewater treatment. S. 'embr. #ci. 200K, 2L, 17/54.

REFERENCES



Than%s &

hatWs all!ol3sX

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Membrane Bioreactors and Fouling.pptx