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Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

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Page 1: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

MetabolismPhotosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Chapters 8-10

Page 2: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Warm Up

Please complete the chapter 8 pretest you picked up when you came in.

Page 3: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Metabolism and Energy

Metabolism Catabolism

Anabolism

Bioenergetics

Energy Kinetic

Heat/Thermal

Light Energy

Potential

Chemical

Organisms are energy transformers!

Page 4: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics System vs. Surroundings

Isolated System vs. Open System

First Law of Thermodynamics

Page 5: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics Entropy (S)

Spontaneous (Energetically Favorable) vs. Nonspontaneous Processes

Page 6: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Think-Pair-Share

How does the second law of thermodynamics help explain the diffusion of a substance across a membrane?

Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as it grows on a tree, then falls, then is digested by someone who eats it.

If you place a teaspoon of sugar in the bottom of a glass of water, it will dissolve completely over time. Left longer, eventually the water will disappear and the sugar crystals will reappear. Explain these observations in terms of entropy.

Page 7: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Gibbs Free Energy

Free Energy ΔG = free energy of a system

-ΔG = spontaneous reaction

+ΔG = nonspontaneous reaction

ΔG = 0 = Dead Cell (can do no work)

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS

ΔG = ΔGfinal – ΔGinitial

Enthalpy

Page 8: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Gibbs Free Energy

Endergonic vs. Exergonic Reactions

+ΔG -ΔG

Non-Spontaneous Spontaneous

Page 9: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

Warm Up Exercise

Glow in the dark necklaces are snapped in a way that allows two chemicals to mix and they glow. Is this an endergonic or exergonic reaction? Explain.

In simple diffusion, H+ ions move to an equal concentration on both sides of a cell membrane. In cotransport, H+ ions are pumped across a membrane to create a concentration gradient. Which situation allows the H+ ions to perform work in the system?

Page 10: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

ATP and Cellular Work

Three Types of Work Chemical

Transport

Mechanical

Energy Coupling Phosphorylated

Intermediate

Page 11: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

ATP Hydrolysis

kh

Page 12: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

ATP and Cellular Work

Page 13: Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Chapters 8-10

ATP Cycle

The body regenerates 10 million molecules of ATP per second per cell!