Midterm Powepoint

8/6/2019 Midterm Powepoint

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ELDERLYMIDTERM


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Ethnicity of the old person The growing population of elders consist of increasing

numbers of minority elders. When projecting to2050, the higher proportion of the elder whitepopulation will continue. However, the nonwhiteelder population is expected to increase with elderHispanics being the fastest growing subpopulationgroup. These numbers emphasize the importance ofnurses being culturally sensitive and competent.

Health Chronic health problems and disabilities increase as

age increases. However, disease is not a normaloutcome of aging. The vast majority (73%) of olderAmericans rated their health as good, very good, orexcellent (NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH

STATISTICS NCHS 2003, even though most havechronic health conditions, and 20% promotinghealth and wellness and assessing and promotingfunctional abilities for activities of daily livingcontinue to be valid and important for 65-year-oldclients who have 16-19 more years to enjoy life. In

fact, the goals of HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 includefocus areas relevant to elders.


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CULTURAL FACTORS CHINESE Traditional Chinese values place the family and society

over the individual. Many American-born Chinesemay not be as traditional but still hold values ofrespect for elders and authority.

The oldest son has obligations toward the family and isexpected to respect and care for parents.

The traditional of filial piety is the value of totalrespect for the family, especially the elders. Thisrespect for elders was advocated by CONFUCIUS, thefamous CHINESE philosopher and many CHINESE andCHINESE-AMERICAN families choose to follow theseancient principles.

NATIVE AMERICAN Traditionally, elders are respected for their wisdom,

experience, and knowledge. Elders, regardless of tribe, assume significant roles as

teachers and care takers of the young.


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VIETNAMESE Elders are given high respect in VIETNAMESE society. They

are considered the carriers of tradition, knowledge, andwisdom. Age is considered an asset, not a liability.

Elderly grandparents and parents stay with the family forsupport and care.

Elders many prepare meals and care for grandchildren ifboth the husband and wife work.

In Vietnam, elders are the leaders and decision-makers inthe family and often sought for advice. When theseelders move to the U.S. they can become socially andculturally isolated reasons. In contrast the younger familymembers become more AMERICANIZED and manybehave in ways their elders do not approve. This cancreate tension in families where elders feel ignored andnot respected.

BLACK/AFRICCAN AMERICAN Elders are respected, obeyed and considered a source of

wisdom. To survive to old age is often considered an accomplishment

reflecting personal strength, resourcefulness, and faith.


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HISPANIC/LATINO Elders are held in high esteem. Old age is viewed as a positive time in the life of the

elder. Care for elders is provided by the extended family. It is

expected that children will care for their elderlyparents.

KOREAN Traditional Koreans value filial piety and respect for

elders. In Korean culture, children are taught to respect elders

whether they are right or wrong.

There is the expectation that the children will take careof their parents in old age. Two important family holidays that the children will

take care of their parents in old age. Two important family holidays that are celebrated with

feast include the 60th birthday and 70th birthday.


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What Is Chronic Illness?

Chronic illness is not a name for anyparticular disease but rather a generalterm describing the length of duration ofa diseases symptoms. A chronic illness is

basically any disease that has a longterm effect on the body. The nameChronic comes from the Latin wordChromos meaning time. Some chronic

illnesses, or the tendency to contractthem are hereditary, and some areenvironmental. People can be born with achronic disease or fall ill later in life witha long term illness.


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Definition of Chronic IllnessMean? A chronic illness isn't the name of just one illness. It's a word

used to Describe a group of health conditions that last a long time. In

fact, the Root word of chronic is "chromos," which refers to time.

There are many kinds of chronic illnesses - Bob, George, andJohn all have

Very different kinds of chronic illnesses. Some illnesses (like acold or

the chicken pox) only last a short time and go away on their

own, but sometimes an illness doesn't go away. Don't worry, most chronic

illnesses are not contagious - you usually don't catch them from someone

else. But chronic illnesses can be genetic, meaning that parents can

pass the


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ow oes a ron c ness ecSomeone?

Because there are so many chronic illnesses, it's difficult tosay exactlywhat to expect. Some people with chronic illnesses aren't

able to functionas well as they'd like. Some illnesses might cause a person to

tire easilyor miss a lot of school. Other chronic illnesses may make it

necessary tohave to use a wheelchair or to carry around some special

foods ormedication.

But whatever a person uses to get through the day,chances are he's

going to feel different because of it. If you know someonewith a chronic

illness, it's important for you to deal with the person and thesituation as


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. No doubt, an offer to help or a few questionsfrom you about how

he feels would help you understand what's goingon and how to best

handle it. Best of all, it will pave the way so youtwo can focus on the

things that make that person who he is - not justa person who has a health

problem, but a person who likes soccer, lovesmovies, and hates math,and who just happens to have a medical

condition.


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How Can a Chronic Illness Affect You?

Although chronic illnesses are managed in different ways, allof them

have one requirement in common: a doctor. Frequent doctorvisits and

doing tests to help guide treatment are often part of what ittakes to

manage a chronic illness.If you have a parent, sibling, or friend who has a chronic illness,

chancesare he'll be away from work, home, or school every once in a

while -sometimes for long periods of time, depending on the illness

and howsevere it is. No doubt he finds it as frustrating as you do, but be

patient.

The doctor is helping to figure out what his body needs andwhat medicines


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How It Feels to Have a Parent orSiblingWith a Chronic Illness

Even though you're not sick, you may feel pretty bad whensomeone

you love is. Maybe you feel guilty for being healthy. Ormaybe you feel

mad that this illness - and person with the illness - is gettingall theattention and you're stuck at the doctor's office with your

brother or sisterwhen you'd rather be outside playing. Quite possibly, you're

scared andwant to know what to expect and how to behave. All of these

reactionsare understandable; lots of kids who know someone with a

chronic illness

feel that way.


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What's your best bet?

Ask what your family needs and let them know how you

feel. Sharingyour feelings will help them share theirs. Together, you all can find

a solution

or ways to meet everyone's needs - not just the needs of theperson whois ill. If talking to people close to you is hard, don't lose hope: there

arepeople all over the world in the same situation. You can find them

by askingyour mom or dad or a doctor to hook you up with one of the

thousands ofsupport groups for friends, brothers, sisters, and kids of people

who havechronic illnesses.

Remember, your parent, sibling, or friend may not be able to beat


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How Long Does A Chronic IllnessLast?

Being diagnosed with a chronic illness does not necessarilymean you will be forever trapped with the disease. Somechronic illnesses can eventually be cured. In some cases thesymptoms fade over time, in others they abruptly cease.There is no tried and true method of calculating if and whenyou will overcome a chronic illness. The best method of

dealing with such a disease is to effectively alleviate thesymptoms while attempting to avoid the situations thatcreated the problem in the first place.

How Do You Catch A Chronic Illness? It is important to note that most chronic diseases are not

contagious. You cannot get them from person to person

contact, breathing the same air, or drinking from the sameglass. There are literally hundreds of chronic illnesses rangingfrom asthma to lung disease. The symptoms of any one ofthem can vary from mild to severe. Chronic illness canescalate over time or become less aggravating. Some chronicillness can lead to other ailments as well so it is vital to keepany long term disease in check to avoid more serious

complications.


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Illness?It is very important for any person suffering from a chronic

illness to take all of their medicines regularly. There are

containers that will hold a supply of daily pills that can be setup ahead of time so that it is easy to keep track of when theyare taken and to be sure doses are not missed.

Dealing with a chronic illness is a very emotional experience forboth the patient and their families. It can be very helpful toseek counseling for help in dealing with the impact it willhave on the lives of everyone involved. There are manysupport groups available to patients with long term diseases.Some are specifically set up for certain illness such ascancer, diabetes, asthma, and others are general groups thatmeet to discuss the impact of any chronic illness. Never beafraid or ashamed to seek the help of these groups. They canhelp greatly, not only by providing tips on how to get through

the day with a chronic illness, but to help you realize you arenot alone and many people deal with the same issues everyday.

Many people suffering from a chronic illness are at a higher riskof depression. It is necessary to always be on the lookout forany time it appears that the patient is sinking into a seriouslydepressed state of mind and seek immediate attention. It is

necessary to accept the fact that a chronic illness might notdisappear and make plans to deal with it as if it were going to


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The Best Cure for Chronic Illness

While it is vital to keep up with doctor visits and medications themost important aspect of dealing with a chronic illness is hope. Apositive attitude will keep you from sinking into depressions andallow you to better continue on with your life.

Families and loved ones helping someone suffering from a chronicillness can help by keeping a positive attitude and always being

available to talk with the person dealing with the struggles ofliving with their disease. A cheerful supporter can often help apatient dealing with a long term disease live a much higherquality of life.

The Future of Chronic IllnessMedical science advances daily and many of the chronic illnesses

of the past are no longer devastating or incurable. Work withyour physician to develop better ways of living with your chronicillness and enjoy your life to the fullest extent possible.


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Thyroid Storm

The thyroid gland, located at the front part of the neck, isresponsible for making substances (thyroid hormones)that are important for all body cells to work properly.

In certain conditions, the thyroid becomes over-active andproduces too much of its hormones, a situation

called hyperthyroidism. People with hyperthyroidismhave problems that reflect over-activity of the organs ofthe body, resulting in symptoms such as sweating,feeling hot, rapid heartbeats, weight loss, andsometimes eye problems. When the levels of thyroidhormones become very high in a patient who hashyperthyroidism, the symptoms get worse and canresult in a serious condition called thyroid storm. Onemajor sign of thyroid storm that differentiates it fromplain hyperthyroidism is a marked elevation of bodytemperature, which may be as high as 105-106 F.

Thyroid storm is unusual, but when it occurs, it is a life-threatening emergency. People experiencing symptomsof thyroid storm should be taken to an emergencyde artment.


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Thyroid Storm Causes

Infections, especially of the lung

Thyroid surgery in patients with overactivethyroid gland

Stopping medications given forhyperthyroidism

Too high of thyroid dose

Treatment with radioactive iodine Pregnancy

Heart attack or heart emergencies


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Thyroid Storm Symptoms

Rapid heart beatsGreatly increased body temperatureChest pain Shortness of breathAnxiety and irritabilityDisorientation

Increased sweatingWeaknessHeart failure


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Exams and Tests

The following tests are usuallyperformed: blood tests to check

blood cell count, electrolyte levels,sugar level, and thyroid hormonelevels. Liver function tests are

also usually performed


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Thyroid Storm TreatmentSelf-Care at Home

People experiencing thyroid storm are not able to function

normally. This is a life-threatening emergency. Peopleexperiencing symptoms of thyroid storm should be taken tothe emergency department.

Medical Treatment A complete evaluation to determine the cause of thyroid

storm Intravenous fluids and electrolytes Oxygen if needed Fever control with antipyretics (fever-reducing medications)

and if needed cooling blankets

Intravenous corticosteroids such ashydrocortisone Medications to block the production of thyroid hormones, such

as propylthiouracil (PTU) or methimazole Iodide to block thyroid hormone release Block the action of thyroid hormones on the cells by drugs

called beta-blockers, such as propranolol (Inderal)
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