IRON ore

Types of Iron Ore-

4 Main types of Iron ore

1; Haematite – (Red Orcher) This is also called oxides of Iron – metal content 50 - 65 %. Hard compact ,

coral red in colour . It is mainly found in Dharwarian rocks . Main deposites are in Jharkhand , Orissa (

Mayurbhanj) , Chattish garh ( Bailadila ) , Madhyapradesh , Karnataka ( Kuder Mukh , Baba Budan ) , Goa ,

Maharastra and Andhra Pradesh .

2. Magnetite – (Black Ore ): Finest iron ore having Metal content 60-70 % . It is mainly Found in Dhrawar

and Kudappa System of karanataka( Dhrwar & Simoga District ) , AndhraPradesh ( Bellary Dist) , TN (

Salem , tiruchinapally Dist ) and Kerala states

3. Limonite : Yellowish in Colour it is also called Hydrated Iron Oxide . inferior , Metal content 35-40%.

Mainly found In Damodar series In Raniganj Coala field , Mirajpur Dist Of Uttar Pradesh, Ghrawal region

Of Uttarakhand and Kangra Valley of Himachal Pradesh.

4. Siderite- It is called Iron Carbonate . Metal Content 10-30%. . inferior , Not economically

extractable at most of the places .

India Production Of Iron Ore ( Data – 2011-12)

State Production In Thousand Tonnes % of All India Production

Orissa 67,013 1 40.1 %

Goa 33,372 20%

Chattishgarh 30,455 18%

Jarkhand 18,942 11%

Karnataka 13,189 8%

ALL INDIA 1,67,289

1. Orissa – The most Imp deposits are found at Mayurbhanj ( Badam Pahar ) , Banaspani & Toda in

Keonjhar Dist, Tomak Range in Cuttack. Sundargarh, Sambalpur and Hirapur Hills of Koraput District.

(i) Badam Pahar- It is situated in Mayuirbhanj District. Iron Ore is supplied to Bokaro, Durgapur,

Jamsedpur and Rourkella.

(ii) Bonaigarh Range- is situated in Sundergarh District. Haematite Type . Iron Ore is supplied to

Bokaro, Durgapur, Jamsedpur and Rourkella.

(iii) Mayurbhanj- Haematite Type. Iron Ore is supplied to Bokaro, Durgapur, Jamsedpur and Rourkella.

2. Goa- Iron Ore of North Goa is of superior quality. Main Centers are Pirna – Adolpale – Asnora ,

Sanquelim Onda, Kundem Surla, Sirigaon – Bicholem – Dalda In North Goa. The ore is mainly exported to

Japan & Iran thorough nearby Marmagaon Port .

3. Chhatishgarh- Iron Ore belongs to Haematite & Magnetite Category inm which metal content

varies 60 – 70 % . Bailadila in the Bustar District and Dalliu raj Hara in the Durg District are the major

centers.

(i) Bailadill mines –( Bustar District ) it is the largest mechanized mine in India. A 270 Km long

Slurry Pipeline has been constructed to bring ore from Bailadila to Vishakhapattanam .The ore is mainly

exported to Japan thorough Vishakhapattanam Port .

(ii) Dalli Rajhara- (Durg District ) : Iron Ore is mainly supplied to Bhilai Steel Plant .

4. Jharkhand – Iron Ore mining was first started in Singbhum District in 1904. The main Iron Ore

deposits lie in Bonai Range . Famous Mines are –Naomandi , Dalton ganj ( Palamou District ) , Dhanbad,

Hazaribag, Ranchi and Santal Pargana.

5. Karnataka :

(i) Baba- Budan Hills – Kemangudi in bababudan Hills ( Chikmagulur Dist ) . rich Source of Haematite

iron. Iron Ore is mainly exported to Iran th Mangalore port .

(ii) Kudermukh deposit : It is also in Chikmagulur Dist. mainly exported to Iran th Mangalore port

(iii) Sandur Range - This range stretches in Bellery and Hospet District of Karnataka . Its ore is

supplied to Vijaynagar Steel Plant.

Other States –

Maharastra (Chandrapur & Ratnagiri )

Tamil Nadu- ( Koiambatur, Madurai, Salem , Tirichinapally )

AP (Anantapur, Cuddapah, Guntur, Khammam, Kurnol , Nellore)

Rajasthan ( Alwar , Bundi , Bhilwara, Jaipur, Sikra, Udaipur )

Iron Ore Export- India is one of the largest exporter of Iron Ore in The World. About 55% of our

Total Production is Exported to Japan, South Korea , West European Countries, Iran , UAE, Gulf

countries.

MANGANESE

in terms of the Manganiferrous ores with regard to the proportion of manganese to iron, it is customary

to use the term manganese ore for those containing over 40 per cent of manganese.

Manganese is used as Ferro ally; it removes gases and acts as cleanser in the manufacture of steel.

Manganese

Distribution in India :

o India is the 5 th largest producer of manganese ore in the world.

o The country’s most important ore deposits occur in the form of sedimentary stratified metamorphic

deposits in the Dharwar system. The manganese deposits are generally either syngenetic (sedimentary)

as in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, epigenetic (residual enrichment and oxidation) as Jharkhand,

Orissa, Goa and Karnataka, or lateritic and supergene enrichments associated with the first two groups.

India has the second largest reserves of Manganese in the world after Zimbabwe and is the fifth

largest producer after Brazil, Gabon, Soth Africa and Australia. Total Production in Th 2010-11 was

3056385 Tonnes .

Statewise, Odisha tops the total resources ( total Reserve of Manganese ) with 44% share followed by

Karnataka 22%, Madhya Pradesh 13%, Maharashtra 8%, Andhra Pradesh 4% and Jharkhand & Goa 3%

each. Rajasthan, Gujarat and West Bengal together shared the remaining about 3% resource

PRODUCTION OF MANGANESE , 2010-11

State % of Total Indian Production Imp Mines

Maharastra 28% Nagpur, Bhandara, ratnagiri

MP 27 % Balaghat and Chindwara

Orissa 23 % Sundargarh, Kalahandi, Koraput,Bolangir &

Sambalpur

AP 14 Srikakulam, Visakhapattanam, Vijayngram, Guntur

Karnataka 6 % Bellary , Chitradurga and Tunkur

Others 6 % Goa, Pancmahal & Vadodra ( Gujrat) , Udaipur

Banswara (Rajasthan ) , Singbhum, Dhanbad (

Jharkhand )

INDIA Total Total prodn of India = 3056385 tonnes

COPPER :

Total production in [2006-07 ]was 156 Thousand Tonnes .

State % of Total

Indian

Production

Imp Mines

Madhya Pradesh 55.97% Taregaon in Malanjkhand Belt ( Balaghat ) ,

Bargaon ( Betul )

Rajasthan 40.88 % Khetri-Singhana area in Jhunjhunu district,

Ajmer , Alwar, Chitorgarh , Dungarpur,

Jaipur , Pali , Sikar

Jharkhand 3.15 % Singhbhum district, Hazaribag, Santal

Pargana , Gaya & Palamou District

Not being self sufficient in Copper India is Importing Substantial quantity of Copper from Zimbabwe,

USA , Mexico and Japan .

Bauxite: Aluminum

It is obtained from Bauxite. Resources of bauxite in the country as on 1.4.2010, as per UNFC system,

are placed at 3,480 million tonnes.

Odisha alone accounts for 52% ofcountry's resources of bauxite followed by AndhraPradesh (18%),

Gujarat (7%), Chhattisgarh andMaharashtra (5% each) and Madhya Pradesh andJharkhand (4% each).

Total Production in 2011-12 was 12,877 Thousand tones.

State % of Total

Indian

Production

Imp Mines

Orissa 39 % Kalahandi, Koraput , Sundargarh , Bolangir & Sambalpur

Chattisgarh 18 % Amarkantak Plateue, Bilashpur, Durg , Raigarh

Maharastra 15 % Kolapur, Puney, Ratnagiri, Satara, Thane

Jharkhand 14 % Dumka, Lohardaga, Munger, Palamou , Ranchi

Gujrat 7 % Amreli , Bhabnmagar , Jamnagar ,Junagarh , Kaccha

MP 5 % Balaghat, Katni, Jabbalpur, Maikala Range, Mandala

TN 2.74 % Madurai, Nilgiri , Salem

Nearly 80 % of the total Bauxite produced is used for Aluminum Production. Chaina and Kuwait are the

largest importers of Indian Bauxite accounting for 71 % and 11 % of the total export respectively.

SOME IMPORTANT ALUMINIUM PLANTS

1. BALCO- Bharat aluminium Co Ltd , started in 1965. At Korba( Chattishgarh )

2. Renukoot (HINDALCO) it was started in 1958 at 165 Km away from Mirjapur (UP) . It obtained

Bauxite from Lohardaga ( Jharkhand ) and Electricity from Rihand Dam.

3. Madras Aluminium Company ( MALCO ) – It obtained Bauxite from Shevaroy Hills (TN) , and

electricity from Mettur Dam .

4. Koraput Aluminium Plant (NALCO) – Koraput ( Orissa) , Central Govt disinvested this plant in 2006.

GOLD :

India has about 24 Milion tones of Gold reserves. About 90 % of the total gold produced in Karnataka

State. There are three

Imp goldfields in the country –

(1) Kolar Gold Fields (Mysore), Karnataka.

(2) Hutti Gold Fields – Raichur in Karnataka

(3) Ramgiri Gold Fields – In Anantapur District (Andhra Pradesh)

Kolar Field: the Kolar Field in Karnataka has been the principal source of gold production in India since

1871 when mining first started. It has four productive mines –

(i) Nandydroog,

(ii) Champion Reef (deepest mine in the world),

(iii) Mysore and

(iv) Ooregaum.

The Dharwar schist on which Kolar gold fields are situated run in a north-south direction for 80 km .

However, the quartz veins bearing gold are confined to only 6-7 km section near Marikuppan. The

mineralizing solutions responsible for the development of the auriferous veins of South India were

probably derived from the magma which gave rise to champion gneisses. The Kolar field mined by the

Bharat Gold Mines Ltd has always had the highest output in India, but it now faces closure.

In the Raichur district, the auriferous veins occur within the Schistose rocks of Dharwarian age.

There are six auriferous quartz reefs of which the Oakley reef is the main producer. It is

worked by Hutti Gold Mines Company of Karnataka state. According to the Geological Survey of

India, the reserves in both these fields are estimated at about 4.5 million tonnes with a total gold

content of about 45000 kg. In addition ore reserves of about 60000 tonnes with 8.5 gm per

tonnes have been indicated in Budini area.

New fields have been found at Kempinkote (Hassan district), Honnali (Shimoga district),

Siddarahalli (Chikmaglur district), Bellara (Chitaradurg district) and Munglur (Gulbarga district).

In Andhra Pradesh the Ramgiri field of Anantapur district is main source of gold.

MICA

It is an important Non Metalic Minerals used mainly in Electrical Industry as it has got great insulating

properties. It is obtained mainly from Muscovite, Biotite, Phlogopite ores.

As per UNFC, the total resources of mica in the country as on 1.4.2010 are estimated

at 532,237 tonnes out of which 190,741 tonnesare placed under reserves category and

341,496 tonnes under remaining resources category. Andhra Pradesh leads with 41% share

in country's total resources followed by Rajasthan (21%) Odisha (20%), Maharashtra (15%), Bihar (2%)

and balance (less than 1%) in Jharkhand

Production of mica (crude) at 1807 tonnes in 2011-12.

State % of Total

Indian

Production

Imp Mines

Andhra Pradesh 71.15 % Nellore, Khammam, Vishakhapattanam, West

Godavari .

Rajasthan 16.03 % Ajmer, Bhiwara, Dungarpur, Jaipour, Sikar,

Tonk, Udaypur

Bihar 1.25 % Bhagalpur

Jharkhand 11.57 % Hazaribag, Munger , Ranchi , Singbhum

India is the largest producer and exporter of Mica in the World. It exports To Japan, USA, UK ,

Norway, Russia , Germany , France, Norway,

LEAD &ZINC

Distribution in India

Rajasthan Here, lead and zinc are extracted from the Zawar mines in Udaipur district and

from Anguncha- Rampura in Bhilwara district. In these mines, silver ore is also

extracted.

Andhra

Pradesh

Cuddapah district has the reserves

Gujarat Here lead and zinc are extracted from Banaskantha, Vadodara, Panchmahal and

Surat.

SILVER

Distribution in India: in India, the lead-zinc ores of Zawar in Rajasthan yield silver. Silver is derived

as a byproduct in the Karnataka gold fields. The lead ores in

Andhra Pradesh: Guntur, Cuddapah, Kurnool districts

Jharkhand: Santhal Parganas, Singhbhum

Bihar: Bhagalpur

Gujarat: Vadodara district

Karnataka: the district of Bellary

Uttaranchal: Almora district

Jammu & Kashmir : Baramulla district

DIAMOND

Diamond is precious stone.

Diamond is mainly found in Bindhayan formation of Bundelkhand ( MP) , Anantapur (AP ) , Raichur (

Karnataka) , Panna Distyrict of Mp is the main diamond producing District Of India.

ATOMIC MINERALS – URANIUM and THORIUM

Deposits occurs in Singbhum & Hazaribag District Of Jharkhand, Gaya (Bihar ) , Saharanpur District

(UP). The largest source of Uranium is Monazite sands . Monazite sand rich in Uranium found in Kerala.

Some uranium is found in Copper & zinc mines of Udaipur ( Rajasthan) . The total reserve of Uranium in

India as estimated by Dept Of Atomic Energy is about 31,000 Tonnes.

Thoirium is also derived from monazite,It is produced in Kerala , Jharkhand, Bihar , TN

DOLOMITE

Reserve / Resources - Madhya Pradesh (29%), Andhra Pradesh (15%), Chhattisgarh (11%) Odisha

and Karnataka (9% each), Gujarat (7%)

Prodn : production of dolomite in 2011-12 at 5,417 thousand tones

State % of Indian Production Mines

Chattishgarh 30% Bastar, Bilaspur, Durg , Raigarh

Orissa 22 % Gangpur , Koraput, Sambalpur, Sundargarh

AP 18 % Anantapur, Kurnol , Khammam

Karnataka 10 % Tumkur

MP 6% Balaghat , Chindwara, Jabbalpur, Katni

Jharkhand Chaibasa, Palamou, Singbhum

COAL :

Coal of India may be classified under two categories –

Gondwan Coal- Carboniferous period (600 million yrs to 300 million years back)

Found In Damodor , Godavari , Mahanadi & Narmada valleys. Raniganj, Jharia , Bokaro , Ramgarh,

Chandra pur , Karanpur , Tatapani , Talcher, Himgiri Korba , Pechghati , Singrauli , are some of the imp

coal mines of Gondwana Formation . The Jhargouda Coal mines( Chattish garh) are the thickest coal

seam 132 meters of the gondwana period , followed by Kargali seam near bokaro Coal field ( 3o mtrs

thickness) . Over 98% of the total coal reserve of India belongs to Gondwana period. Gondowana Coal are

mainly Bituminus Or anthracite in which the carbon content varies between 60 to 90 % .

Tertiary Coal : Oligocene period ( 15- 60 million yrs back ) . It is also known as brown coal . It

contributes about 2% of the total coal prodcn in India. Inferior type of coal . Carbon % 30- 50 % .

Lignite coal found In Arunachal Pradesh , Asam , Gujrat (Kaccha ) , Kerala , J&K , Nagaland , Tamil Naduu

& West Bengal (Darjeelinj Dist) . Largest Lignite deposit – Nieveli in TamilNadu.

Different Types Of Coal and Their Characteristics

(i) Peat - Highest % of moisture gives more smoke , less than 40 % carbon , lowest and most inferior

quality of smokes . It represents 1st stage of coal formation.

(ii) Lignite (brown Coal ) – Lignite is superior to peat, Under increasing pressure & heat , Peat is

converted to Lignite. 40 %to 60% carbon content . Mainly found in Neyeveli ( TN) , Palna ( Rajasthan ) ,

Lakhimpur ( Asam ) , Jayanti Hills ( Meghalaya ) , Nagaland , J & K , Up and in Pondichery .

(iii) Bituminous ( Black Coal ) : Dense , Compact and Black In Colour . Contains 60 – 80 % C . Most

popular coal in Commercial use . The name is derived after a chemical Called Bitumen is released after

Heating . Mostly found In Jharkhand , Orisa, Chattish ghar , Westbengal and MP

(iv) Anthrecite : ( Hard Coal ) : Highest quality of coal containing 80 – 90 % C.

COAL RESERVE IN INDIA ( as on 1.1.2012)

State Total Reserve in Milion tons % of All India Reserve

Jharkhand 80,356 27.37 %

Orisha 71,447 24.34 %

Chattishgarh 50,846 20.39 %

Westbengal 30,615 10.43 %

MP 24376 8.30 %

AP 22154 7.54 %

Maharastra 10882 3.70 %

INDIA TOTAL 2,93,497

Production Of COAL In India

The production of coal at 532.69 million tonnes in 2010-11 increased by 1.4% to 539.95 million tonnes in

2011-12. The production of lignite at 42.33 million tonnes in 2011-12

increased by 12.19% from 37.73 million tonnes in the previous year. India ranks 3rd

in world coal production.

State wise Production in India ( Data 2011-12) 53

State % of All India Production

Chattishgarh 21 %

Jharkhand 20 %

Orisha 20 %

MP 13 %

AP 10 %

Maharastra 7 %

Westbengal 5 %

UP 3 %

Mejhalaya 1 %

Asam 0.15 %

INDIA TOTAL 539 million Tonnes

1. Jharkhand : First rank in coal reserve and 2nd in its production . Main coal mining centre are –

Auranga , Bokaro , Dalton ganj , Giridi, Jharia, Karanpur, Ramgarh.

Out of these Jharia is the largest & most imp coal producing mine of Jharkhand . nearly 90% of the

cooking coal is produced from Jharia mines. Its supplies to the iron & steel plant of Jamsedpur and

Asansol

Jharia mines ------ Iron & Steel Plant of Jamshedpur & Asansol

Bokaro Coalfield -------- Bokaro Plant

Giridi Coalfield ------ Bokaro & Jamshedpur steel plant

2. Orissa- Mostly in Dhennakanal, Sambalpur & Sundargarh District . . Main coal mining centre are –

Talcher Coal Field – It’s the 2nd largest coal reserve in the country after raniganj.

3. Chattishgarh- It holds Rank 3rd in coal reserve but rank 1st in coal production. Mostly in Bilaspur,

Betul , Chindawara, Narsingpur, Raighar , Surjuga & rewa District. Singrauli, Sohagpur & Umaria ( rewa

Dist) , Bishrampur , Jhilimili , tattapani (Surjuga Dist) , Korba & sandurgharh ( Bilaspur Dist ) , Pench &

kanha Valley ( Chindwara Dist ) are the main mining centers .

4. WestBengal : west Bengal has about 11 % of the total coal reserve of the country. Bardhaman ,

Birbhum, Bankura , Purulia , Darjeeling Dist. Most Imp mining centre is Raniganj. Cooking Coal ( 50-65%

C content ) It is used mainly in Durgapur Iron & steel Plant . The Coal of Darjeeling belongs to the

tertiary period .

5. Madhya Pradesh- Main centers are Satpura , sohagpur, Penckanhan

6. Andhra Pradesh- Mainly in Godavari Valley in Khannam , Nellore And Warangal Districts . Sigareni

, Kottagudam, are the main coalfields. Its coal are mainly used in Thermal power plant Of Kottagudam ,

Nellore, Ramgundam, Errazada, Hussain sagar.

7. Maharastra : Wardha valley Of Nagpur District. Kampte Coalfield is the most imp

Coal Deposites of the Tertiary period :

Tertiary coal deposits mainly came into existence during Eocene , Oligocene and Miocene Period . Coal of

this period mainly found in Arunachal Pradesh, asam, Meghalaya, nagaland , J& K states. It is also known

as Brown Coal.

Tamil Nadu: Largest deposit of Lygnite at Nieveli in the south Arkot district.

Rajasthan- Palana & Khari mines ( Bikaneer Dist)

Gujrat – Brauch District and Kaccha

Janmu & Kashmir- Raithan of Saliganga , Handwara , Baramulla , Raisi , Udhampur district & karewas of

Badgam and Srinagar.

West Bengal : In WB lignite deposits are found in Burza hills of Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling

*** In INDIA The production of coal at 532.69 million tonnes in 2010-11 increased by 1.4% to

539.95 million tonnes in 2011-12. The production of lignite at 42.33 million tonnes in 2011-12

increased by 12.19% from 37.73 million tonnes in the previous year. India ranks 3 in world coal

production. Coal mines were nationalized in 1972.

PETROLEUM:

Oil In India was first discovered in Margherita (Upper Assam ) for the first time in 1860 by the Asam

Railway & trading Company. Subsequently oil was discovered in Digboi in 1889. In 1954 production of Oil

was started in naharkatia region. The Oil & Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) was established in 1956.

With the effort Of ONGC oil was discovered in the gulf of Cambey ( Kambhat ) in 1961 and in Bombay

High in 1976.

As on 1.4.2012, total reserves of crude oil are estimated at 759.59 million tonnes (328.88 million tonnes

in onshore and 430.71 million tonnes in offshore areas). Those of natural gas are placed at 1,330.26

billion cu m (337.93 billion cu m in onshore and 992.33 billion cu m in offshore areas)

Production of Petroleum Crude Oil as 2011-12

State/ region Production in Thousand Tonnes % of All India production

1. Offshore , including

Bombay High

20063 52.67 %

2. Rajasthan 6552 17.12 %

3. Gujrat 5780 15.17 %

4. Assam 5025 13 %

5. Andhra Pradesh 305 0.08 %

6. Tamil Nadu 247 0.06 %

ALL INDIA 38090 Thousand Tonnes

MAJOR OIL FIELDS OF INDIA

1. Western Coast Off Shore Fields :

a. Bombay High Oilfields – Largest – this Oil fields lies about 176 Km to the south west of Bombay.

Prodn Started in 1976

b. Bassein Oil Fields- south of Bombay high

c. Aliabet Oilfields – 45 Km to the south of Bhavanagar

2. The Gujrat Coast:

a. Ankeleswar : Situated in the dist of Brauch. Prodn Started in 1961. Ankeleswar oil is reach in gasoline

aand Kerosine. Crude oil is refined in Koyali refinery.

b. Cambey –Luni region :-60 Km to the west of Vadodra.

c. Ahmedabad Kalol Region – North of Gulf of Khambat ( Cambay) around the city of Ahmedabad and

extended upto Mehesena , kalol. Crude oil goes to Koyali refinery.

3. The Brhmaputra Valley :

Crude oil was first discovered in this region. Oil bearing rocks spread from the Dehang basin upto Surma

valley. The main oil producing wells however lie in the Dibrugarh and Sibsagar District of Upper Assam.

a. Digboi Oil fields- one of the oldest oilfield in the country. There are 85 oil wells in this region. Most

of the oil is sent to the refinery of Digboi.

b. Naharkattia Oil fields- this field is situated 35 Km to the south west of Digboi. Oil prodn started in

1854. Crude oil from this region is sent to the Noonmati, New Bongaigaon (Assam ) and Barauni (Bihar )

oil refineries.

4. The eastern coast Oil Fields- Mahanadi. Gadavari , Kaveri and Krishna river delta. – The Rawa field in

the Godavari Krishna off shore is expected to produce about 3 million tonnes of Crude oil annually.

*** The ONGc and OIL are two imp National Companies and Private ventures produced Crude Oil

measuring 32190 MMT . The natural gas prodn during 2005-06 32.20 Billion Cubic meter.

*** Total quantity of Crude oil Import in 2005-06 was 100 MMT and India also exported 21.5 MMT .

PIPELINES-

1, Pipelines of North east India-

(i) Noonmati – Siliguri pipelines- Noon mati to Siliguri

(ii) Lakwa-Rudrasagar- barauni Pipeline - to Barauni Oil Refinery.

(iii) Barauni haldia Pipeline- carries refined petroleum Products to Haldia port and Bring back Imported

crude oil to barauni Refinery.

(iv) Barauni Kanpur Pipeline- Transport refined petroleum To Kanpur city.

(v) Noonmati Bongaigaon pipeline- transport Crude oil to bongaigon petrochemical complex.

(vi) Haldia – maurigram – Rajbandh pipeline-

2. Pipelines of Western India-

Bombay high- Mumbai- Ankeleswar- Koyali Pipelines- This pipelines connects the Oilfields of Bombay

high and Gujrat with the Koyali Refinery of Gujrat. The city of Mumbai is connected with a 210 Km long

Double pipeline to Bombay High to Transport crudeoil and natural gas.

3. The Salya – Koyali – Mathura Pipelines- Pipeline length 1075 Km laid down from Salaya ( Gulf Of Kuccha )

to Koyali and Mathura Via Biramgram to supply crude oil to Mathura refinery.

4. Mumabi – puney Pipeline-

5. Haldia Kolkata pipelines –

6.The Hazira – Bijhapur- Jagdishpur(HBJ) Gas Pipeline – having a length of 1750 Km this the longest

pipeline of India . This Gas Pipelines connects Kwas (Gujrat) , Anta (Rajasthan ) and Auriya (UP ). It

provides gas to the fertiser plants of Bijaipur, Shawai Madhopur, Jagdishpur , sahajahanpur.

7. The Kandala Vatinda pipelines- transports imported crude oil from Kandala port to Vatinda refinery.

OIL REFINARIES –

1. Digboi- 1 st oil refinery, 1901 , (Assam) .

OIL Refineries State Capacity( In Lakh Tonnes /Yr)

Jamnagar , Rel petro Gujrat 270

Koyali , IOC Gujrat 95

Mathura , IOC UP 75

Karnal , IOC Hariana 60

Trombey , BPCL Maharastra 60

Chennai, MRL TN 56

Trombey , HPCL Maharastra 55

Bishakhapattanam , HPCL AP 45

Kochi , CRL kerala 45

Barauni , IOC Bihar 33

Numaligarh , IOC Assam 30

Mangalore , HPCL , Karnataka 30

Haldia , IOC WB 27.5

Bongaigaon , BRPL Assam 13.5

INDIA TOTAL 913.5

Natural Gas - As on 1.4. 2012 In India natural gas are placed at 1,330.26 billion cu m (337.93

billion cu m in onshore and 992.33 billion cu m in offshore areas)

Production Of Natural Gas 2011-12 :

Offshore areas continued to be the largest producers of natural gas (utilised) with a share of 80.9%.

Next in order were Assam with a share of 6.1%, Gujarat 4.6%, Andhra Pradesh 2.9%, Tamil Nadu 2.7%,

Tripura (1.4%), and Rajasthan 1.2%. Arunachal Pradesh and West Bengal accounted for the remaining

0.2% of the total production.

***** READ THIS WITH A HELP OF MAPS FROM ANY STANDARD TEXT BOOK .

IT WILL HELP U TO MEMORIZE THE MINING CENTERS ……

STUDY MATERIALS PREPARED BY – AZMAL HOSSAIN , WBCS ( EXE)

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