Mission Planning Plan for the Fourth Manned Gemini Flight Crew Gemini 7

8/7/2019 Mission Planning Plan for the Fourth Manned Gemini Flight Crew Gemini 7

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NASA PROGRAM GEMINI WORKING PAPER NO. 5041

MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THEFOURTH MA NNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

GEMINI VH

G E M I N I 7 ( N A S A )HISSION PLANNING P1A NED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

20 p Uncias


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ERRATA SHEETFOR

NASA PROGRAM GEMINI WORKING PAPER NO.

Charles L. CostonChief, Technical InformationPreparation BranchPage 1 of 1 page


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NASA PROGRAM GEMINI WORKING PAPER NO. 5041

MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THEFOURTH MANNED GEMINI FLIGHT CREW

GEMINI VII

Prepared by: Mission Training Section


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CONTENTS -

Section P1.0 SUMMARY ......................... 1

2.0 INTRODUCTION ...................... 23-0 PREPARATION AND TRAINING ............ .... 3

3.1 Spacecraft Tests ................. 33.1.1 Spacecraft no. 7 .............. 3

3..2. .Gemini Mission Simulator Training-'. ........ 33-2.1 Familiarization and systems failures'. . . . 33.2.2 Normal missions with random


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IV

Section Page3.10 Other Training Activities ...... i ...... 3-9

3.10.1 Aircraft flying .............. 3^93.10.2 Contractor visitation ..... 3-93.10.3 Slidewire training ............ 3-93.10.4 Physical training . 3- -9

4.0 FIGURES ................... 4-14-1 Time spent by each crewman in training oneach mission activity ......... 4-3

t . 4-2 Crew training schedule . ....... 4-5/ '


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1.0 SUMMARY

This training plan outlines crew preparation plans for the 1 -dGemini VII Mission. The flight plan includes postinsertion stationkeeping maneuvers with the second stage of the launch vehicle and awide variety of operational checks and experiments.

A summary of the crew time planned for each major training actiis shown in figure k-~L.


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2.0 INTRODUCTION

This training plan defines the specific mission training of theprimary and backup flight crews for the Gemini VII Mission. It ispublished as a guide to the flight crew and the personnel responsiblefor training for flight crews. The criteria used to develop this plawere as follows:

1. This training plan covers the final period of training (appmately 6 months).

2. Although crew members are normally scheduled as teams in thedesignated seat positions, cross team and cross seat training will beaccomplished to assure that each crew member can satisfactorily perfothe more critical tasks. This will permit some late date flexibilityin reassignment of crew personnel as well as alleviate schedulingproblems. Cross training will be terminated as launch date approache

3- Only one crew member shall participate in the less critical


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3.0 PREPARATION AND TRAINING

The following is a brief description of each of the major activin which the crew will be involved. Schedules defining specific areand sequencing of activities are shown on figure k-2.

3.1 Spacecraft TestsParticipation by crew members in the testing of their spacecraf

gives them operational and training experience. Many tests requirean operator or an observer inside the spacecraft. By participatingthese tests, the crew becomes familiar with the characteristics of tspacecraft they will fly. When modiifications are considered or re-quired, the crew can make inputs with an understanding of the situat

Spacecraft tests are often run on a 2 -hour basis requiring botthe primary and backup crews to cover the critical crew interface teOne crewman can cover less critical tests and brief the other crewme


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3-2

3- Environmental and joint guidance and control testk. Joint combined systems test5 . Weight a n d balance . 6. Final systems test7. Simulated flight

3-2 Gemini Mission Simulator TrainingThe flight crew will use the Gemini Mission Simulator (QMS) to

provide them with extensive experience in the normal and abnormal, oper-ation of the spacecraft systems as applied to the Gemini. VII flight plan.This program consists of 1 sessions. Simulator hours are not signifi-cant with regard to the training accomplished; hence, no .times are. listed.For planning purposes, sessions are assumed to be 2-hours long;


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3Generally, the familiarization and systems failure sessions wil

be accomplished at Houston and the mission training exercises at CapKennedy. Each training session includes a briefing and debriefing.The program order may be modified depending upon such factors as avaability of simulation tapes, equipment, and assessed value of indivisessions.

3-2.1 Familiarization and systems failures.- The purpose of thphase is to thoroughly familiarize crew members with the normal opercharacteristics of the spacecraft systems and prepare the flight crein systems failure detection and analysis and the application of altnate procedures or systems modes. The application of specific missirules is at a minimum. These 17 sessions consist of a briefing follby operation in the simulator.

Briefings:Session 1 - Orbit attitude and maneuver system (OAMS)Session 2 - Sequential


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Session 16 - Integrated mission with failures . ' * Session 17 - Same as Session no. 16 .3-2.2 Normal missions with random malfunctions. - .This phase con-

sists of 18 training exercises with each crew member occupying his as-signed seat position. The purpose of this training is to perfect eachcrew member's capability to accomplish his specific mission duties asdetailed in the mission flight plan. The majority of the training ses-sions will consist of a nominal launch, practicing the orbital activi-'ties and a reentry. Random failures will be simulated which normallywill not require early termination of the mission. Critical missionphases, such as launch, retrofire and reentry, are emphisized by ac-complishing sessions devoted to perfecting these tasks. The exercisescomprising this phase are as follows:

Session 18 - Normal missionSession 19 - Normal mission


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3Session 3^ - Normal mission with random failures (suited)Session 35 - Launch aborts3.2.3 Integrated simulations (6 sessions).- The final phase oftraining on the mission simulator (F-14 to F-2 days) consists of sevsimulations involving the ground network support personnel as well athe flight crews. During these simulations the mission is rehearsed

exactly as it is planned for the actual flight.During launch and reentry simulations, the crews will occupy threspective seat positions. Upon completion of each launch or reentrsimulation, the crew will participate in the postsimulation discussioDuring the simulated network simulations, the crew will practice coudown, launch, the more important orbital tasks, and reentry in con-junction with the remote simulated site teams. No crew participatio

in the network simulations is planned. Integrated simulations requicrew participation are:Session 36 - Launch simulation


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3-63.4.1 Flight plan reviews.- Flight plan reviews will be held on

an "as required' basis. These reviews will usually be informal in'nature with increased brevity as launch data approaches.

3. .2 Systems briefing.- The flight crew will receive a'2 to3 day series of briefings covering each of the major spacecraft systems.The first briefing is given by Flight Crew Support Division personnelat the beginning of the preflight training period, a second briefingis at St. Louis conducted by MAC personnel and the third briefing isshortly after the crew commences training at Cape Kennedy. The briefingsgiven at St. Louis and Cape Kennedy will primarily utilize the MAC engi-neers involved in spacecraft testing. Each system will be discussed indetail with emphasis on operational techniques and functional inter-, relationships, . .

A fourth series of systems briefings, covering recent modificationsto the spacecraft and the altered operational techniques involved, willbe conducted approximately 10 days prior to the scheduled launch date.The final briefings will require 1 day or less.

3. .3 Flight experiments.- The experiments scheduled for this mis-


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3Morehead Planetarium, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and the Gemini misimulator and Gemini part task trainer incorporating the out-the-winoptical display.

5.5.1 Planetarium reviews.- The flight crews will utilize theMorehead Planetarium for general celestial reviews and orientation.The crew will make two visits to the Morehead Planetarium. The actities included in these visits are as follows:

Exercise 1 - Review of entire celestial sphere, which includesrecognition of relative magnitudes, positions, distances, and celestcoordinates of prominent stars and constellations.

Exercise 2 - During this visit more emphasis will be put on re-viewing stars and constellations near the orbital plane. The flightcrew will observe and identify constellations and star patterns as tdrift across the window using the Gemini star charts as a reference.Red lighting, such as the suit finger tip lights, will be utilized.orbital conditions and the window viewing limits for both pilots wilbe simulated. A simulation of the booster running lights at various


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3-83-7 Launch Abort and Reentry Training'

In addition to the mission simulator, the dynamic crew procedures-simulator (DCPS) will be utilized for launch vehicle monitoring andabort training. This program includes eight different groups of runsas listed below:

Group I Normal launches with minor deviations due to windtransients, high or low booster thrust, et cetera

Group II Engine/propulsion failuresGroup III Staging/sequential failures

Group IV Tank pressurization failuresGroup V Controls/hydraulics failuresGroup VT Instrument failures


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33.10 Other Training Activities

3-10.1 Aircraft flying.- Space flight readiness will be maintathroughout their training. To the extent possible, travel in supporof engineering and training activities will be via NASA aircraft. Twill expedite and permit greater flexibility in traveling as well asmaintain the crew members' flying skills.

3.10.2 Contractor visitation.- In addition to spacecraft systetests the flight crew will spend a considerable amount of time insupport of engineering operations and participation in the various engineering evaluations at contractor facilities.

3.10.3 Slidewire training.- Each crew member will practice sliwire escape from the Gemini spacecraft on the launch pad at Cape KenFlorida, prior to the spacecraft wet mock test.

3.10. Physical training.- Physical training will be scheduledeach week so as not to interfere with other training activities. Iffull time is not available during normal working hours, it will be eacrew member's responsibility to exercise as regularly as possibledur


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H O U R S

tQ .

0 25

135 EXPERIMENTS

50 75_ 1 100

125 FLYING

125

_"J

5a3100 SPACECRAFT TESTING

100 GEMINI MISSION SIMULATOR HSYSTEMS BRIEFINGS

WEEKS BEFORE GT-7 FLIGHT DATE


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22 20 19 ~ 18 17 16 15 l 13

^CHU7i

1 I-1

1

IE TRAINING

ij

i

SIMULATED FLIGHT

12 11 10 9 i 81 ,11EGRESS TRAININC

"

TESTSM i l

1 \ 6

ALTITUDE CHAMBER

GEMINI MISSION Sr m u mOPERATIONS REVIEW

DYNAMIC CREW PROCEDURES SIMULATOR

SLIDE WIRE TRAINING

Figure 4-2. - Crew training schedule.

GT-7 SIMULATIOI l l l

FLIGHT CONTROLLERS BRIEFINGI I I I I

PLANETARIUM VISITS

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FLIGHT PLAN REVIE

SYSTEMS BRIEFINGS

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EXPERIMENTS BRIEFINGS

PREMATE SYSTEMS TESTI l l l i l l l l l l i i

MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL MATEi i i i i i i i i i m i i i i i i i i iENVIRONMENTAL AND JOINT GUIDANCi i i i i i m i i i i j i i i i i i i i i

JOINT COMBINED SYSTEMS TESI I I I I I I I I I M I I IWEIGHT AND BALANCE

I l l l I M i l lFINAL SYSTEMS TEST: ' i n i i r

SIMULATED FLIGH

Documents

Mission Planning Plan for the Fourth Manned Gemini Flight Crew Gemini 7