Seminar onMobail Communication Techonology

By Miss Dipshree Ashok Kabade BE(Electronics)

Introduction Of Mobail Communication Techonology Mobail communication techonology is the advance communication techonology which use wireless techonology.in which it consists of sms(short massaging service),mms(multimedia massages), Bluetooth ,GSM(1g,2g,3g,4g,5g techonology).

How the mobail communication is done???

• The mobail communication techonology is based on cellular communication.

• The present day cellular communication uses a basic unit called cell.

• Each cell consists of small hexagonal area with a base station located at the center of the cell which communicates with the user.

• Each cell uses a certain number of the available channels and a group of adjacent cells together use all the available channels. Such a group is called a cluster.

• This cluster can repeat itself and hence the same set of channels can be used again and again.

In each cell, there are four types of channels that take active part during a mobile call.

• Forward Voice Channel (FVC): This channel is used for the voice transmission from the BS to the MS.

• Reverse Voice Channel (RVC): This is used for the voice transmissionfrom the MS to the BS.

• Forward Control Channel (FCC): Control channels are generally usedfor controlling the activity of the call, i.e., they are used for setting up calls and to divert the call to unused voice channels. Hence these are also called setup channels. These channels transmit and receive call Initiation and service.

• Reverse Control Channel (RCC): This is used for the call control purpose

it should be note that Control channels are usually monitored by mobiles.

SMS (short massing service)• Short Message Service (SMS) is the transmission of short text

messages to and from a mobile phone, fax machine, and/or IP address.

• Messages must be no longer than 160 alphanumeric characters and contain no images or graphics. SMS is a relatively simple messaging system provided by the mobile phone networks.

• When user send sms then it delivered to the smsc (short massage switching center) then it will attempt to deliver the massage to necessary recipient .if recipient is not avible then smsc moves this text mag in a que for later dilivery .

• Smsc supports both mobail originated and mobail terminated.• Sms is globally accepected service

MMS(multimedia massages)• Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) is a store and forward

messaging service that allows mobile subscribers to exchange multimedia messages with other mobile subscriber.

• The MMS Client interacts with the MMS Proxy -Relay. This operation is consistent with the WAP model where the MMS Proxy -Relay operates as an Origin Server (Pull Operations) or as a Push Initiator (Push Operations).

• The MMS Proxy - Relay is the network entity that interacts with the user mailbox and responsible for initiating the notification process to the MMS Client. The WAP Gateway provides standard WAP services needed to implement MMS, these include:

• HTTP methods; PUSH services; OTA security; and Capability Negotiations (UAProf).

MMS architecture

Bluetooth

• It is an always on, low power, short ranged radio link for communication between mobile devices

• Developed in 1994 by the Swedish company Ericsson to enable laptops make calls over mobile phones.

• Provides data rates of up to 720 Kbps.• Power output is around 1 milliwatt, compared to the average

cell phone’s 500 milliwatt power output Allows up to 8 devices to communicate in a local network called a Piconet, also known as a Personal Area Network or PAN

• Because of its low power consumption, its range is limited to 10 m. However, range can be increased to 100 m by a higher powered antenna.

• Bluetooth uses a TDD (Time Division Duplex) protocol to transmit information in one time slot and receive in another.

Piconet • A Piconet or a Personal AreaNetwork (PAN) is comprised ofone master and seven slavesA device can be a slave in twodifferent Piconets.• A device can also be a master inone Piconet while a slave inAnother.• Piconet communication alwaystakes place as point-to-point orpoint-to-multipoint.• Joining more than one Piconettogether forms a scatternet• Piconet The ability of Bluetooth to setup and

tear down piconet networks ad-hoc makes it both very flexible, and more complex than traditional wired networks.

• This is also why the Bluetooth Link Controller provides specific functions to help detect new in-range devices and to easily establish connection with them.

SIM(subscriber indetification module)

Activation of SIM Card SIM card (Subscriber Identification Module (SIM))

is a type of Smart card used in mobile phone. The SIM is a detachable smart card containing

the user’s subscription information and phone book.

This allows the user to retain his or her information even after switching off the handset. Alternatively, the user can also change service providers while retaining the handset simply by changing the SIM. SIM card Securely stores the service subscriber key having 15 digits.

The digits of the key are :• First 3 digits – Mobile country code • Second 2 digits – Mobile network code • Third 10 digits – Mobile station identification number Subscriber Identification Module SIM

GSM(globel system for mobail)

• Global System for Mobile Communications is the standard for mobile telephone systems in the world. In GSM, the signaling and speech channels are digital, therefore GSM is considered a 2G (Second Generation) system. This helps wide-spread implementation of data communication applications. There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network These are macro, micro, pico, femto and umbrella cells.

• Macro cells are cells where the base station antenna is installed on a mast above average roof top level. Micro cells are cells whose antenna height is under average roof top level. Pico cells are small cells whose coverage diameter is a few dozen metres. These are mainly used in indoors applications. Femto cells are cells designed for use in residential or small business environments and connect to the service provider’s network via a broadband internet connection.

• Umbrella cells are used to cover shadowed regions of smaller cells and fill in gaps in coverage between those cells.Horizontal radius of the cell varies depending on the antenna height, antenna gain and propagation conditions. Maximum distance the GSM supports is 35 kilometers. Most 2G GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands while 3G GSM in the 2100 MHz frequency band.

Evaluation of 1g to 4g

Fourth Generation

Thank You