What are mobile devices?

• full-sized laptop computer

• lightweight netbook or tablet computer

• dedicated e-book reader• Handheld device

• cell/mobile vs. smartphone

CC image posted at Flickr by andyi

Who Owns Smartphones? Source: Pew Research Center’s Internet &

American Life Project, Summer Tracking Survey, August 7-September 6, 2012.

N=3,014 adults ages 18 and older. Interviews were conducted in English and Spanish and on landline and cell phones (1,206 cell calls

were completed). Margin of error is +/- 2 percentage points.

“In terms of demographic profiling, a surprising finding is that older students tended to favor tablets (p=0.0004), smartphones (p<0.0001), and e-readers (p=0.0082) over younger students. Cost could be a factor here, with younger students not having the purchasing power to acquire these devices. But regardless of the reason, these data suggest that students transitioning directly form secondary to postsecondary education are not prepared to use these devices as academic tools, or at least haven’t found them to be very or extremely important yet.” ECAR National Study of

Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2012

Mobile Internet use, by demographics

Source: The Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project’s August Tracking Survey

conducted July 25-August 26, 2011. N=2,260 adults age 18 and

older, including 916 interviews conducted by cell phone.

Interviews were conducted in both English and Spanish.

Smartphone ownership demographics

Source: Pew Research Center’s Internet &

American Life Project April 26-May 22, 2011 and

January 20-February 19, 2012 tracking surveys. For 2011 data, n=2,277 adults

ages 18 and older, including 755 interviews conducted

on respondent’s cell phone. For 2012 data, n=2,253

adults and survey includes 901 cell phone interviews. Both 2011 and 2012 data include Spanish-language

interviews.

Source: The Pew Research Center's

Internet & American Life Project, April 26

– May 22, 2011 Spring Tracking

Survey. n=2,277 adult internet users ages

18 and older, including 755 cell

phone interviews. Interviews were

conducted in English and Spanish.

Which cell internet users go online

mostly using their phones?

Source: Pew Research Center’s

Internet & American Life Project, March

15-April 3, 2012 Tracking survey.

N=2,254 adults ages 18 and older, including 903

interviews conducted on

respondent’s cell phone. Margin of

error is +/-3.7 percentage points

based on those who use the internet or email on their cell

phone (n=929). *Represents

significant difference compared with non-

starred rows in group. **Represents significant difference

compared with all other rows in group.

Source: ECAR National Study of Undergraduate

Students and Information Technology,

2011

Source: ECAR National Study of Undergraduate

Students and Information Technology, 2012

Source: ECAR National Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2012

2011 Horizon ReportTime-to-Adoption

One Year or Less• Electronic Books• MobilesTwo to Three Years• Augmented Reality• Game-Based LearningFour to Five Years• Gesture-Based Computing• Learning Analytics

2012 Horizon ReportTime-to-Adoption

One Year or Less• Mobile Apps• Tablet ComputingTwo to Three Years• Game-Based Learning• Learning AnalyticsFour to Five Years• Gesture-Based Computing• Internet of Things

Source: ECAR

National Study of

Undergraduate

Students and

Information

Technology, 2010

*indicates statistically significant differences compared with whites.

Source: The Pew Research Center's

Internet & American Life Project, April 26 –

May 22, 2011 Spring Tracking Survey.

n=2,277 adults ages 18 and older,

including 755 cell phone interviews.

Interviews were conducted in English and Spanish.

Mobile Teaching vs. Mobile Learning• Higher education historically has focused on instructors

teaching rather than students learning, an ineffective approach that could seriously hamper the promise of mobile learning.

• Successful student learning emerges from active engagement, connection to the students' prior knowledge, and simulation of real world experiences — all facilitated by engaging learners' senses through multimedia.

• Higher education should stop thinking about these powerful mobile multimedia devices as only consumption devices — to live up to the promise of mobile learning, students should use them as production devices.

http://bit.ly/MobileTeach

“Given students’ ownership of and preference for small, mobile devices, institutions and instructors may have an opportunity to make more effective use of mobile technologies to communicate with, educate, and support students. Many students seem eager to communicate more with their instructors online, to use their mobile devices for coursework, and to reach out for help when they need it.”ECAR 2011, page. 30

Students• are unconfident that they

have the technology skills to meet their needs.

• want/need for instructors to model incorporating technology into teaching, learning, and research.

Source: ECAR National Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2011

Among students who use a smartphone for academics,• 44% use an

iPhone• 46& use an

Android deviceSource: ECAR National

Study of Undergraduate Students and Information

Technology, 2012

CC image posted at Flickr by Roozbeh Rokni

CIOs & InstitutionsAlthough…“In general, IT organizations believe they are reasonably well prepared to meet the expected demands for mobile computing across the four areas of general communication, instruction, administration, and research.” • More than 1/3, no spending on mobile-enablement • Varied staffing levels dedicated to mobile• 40% did not mobile-enable any service• More services geared towards students

ECAR Report: Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011

Why mobile learning?

Source: ECAR National Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2011

How mobile composition?

Process: Emphasis on Invention Multimodal Production

CC image posted at Flickr by Nils Geylen

CC image posted at Flickr by Nar8iv / Scott W

How will we support it?CIOs & InstitutionsAlthough…“In general, IT organizations believe they are reasonably well prepared to meet the expected demands for mobile computing across the four areas of general communication, instruction, administration, and research.” • More than 1/3, no spending on mobile-enablement • Varied staffing levels dedicated to mobile• 40% did not mobile-enable any service• More services geared towards students

ECAR Report: Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011