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MODERNISMEMODERNISME
Modernisme
• Barcelona, Catalonia late 19th c. And early 20th c.
• Architectural style, which also involves other arts (painting and sculpture), and especially the design and decorative arts
• Part of a general trend that emerges in Europe (known in each country as modernism, art nouveau, etc.)
• Modernisme is basically derived from the English Arts and Crafts movement and the Gothic revival
Modernisme
Predominance of the curve and the dynamic shapes over the straight line
Modernisme
Rich decoration and detail
Modernisme
Frequent use of vegetal and other
organic motifs
Modernisme
Asymmetry
Modernisme Use of “industrial” materials, like iron forgery, ceramics and
stained glass
• In the context of a spectacular urban and industrial development
• It is a style for the Catalan industrial bourgeoisie, who It is a style for the Catalan industrial bourgeoisie, who built industrial buildings and summer residences built industrial buildings and summer residences (families like the (families like the GüellGüell, , BatllóBatlló or or MiláMilá)
Modernisme
• His big passions in life: architecture, nature, religion.
an organic style inspired by nature
He rarely drew detailed plans of his works, instead preferring to create them as three-dimensional scale models and molding the details as he was conceiving them.
Antoni Gaudí
Gaudí's first work was a set of lampposts for the Plaça Reial in Barcelona
Antoni GaudíAntoni Gaudí
• First years under the influence of neo-Gothic art and Oriental styles
Orientalist works
His relationship with Eusebi Güell
• Güell was a wealthy industrialist and entrepeneur
• He was so impressed with his first works that he wanted to meet Gaudí
• They became friends and Güell became Gaudí's main patron and sponsor
Naturalist period
• He perfected his personal style, inspired by the organic shapes of nature.
• New structural solutions
• Shapes and volumes devoid of rational rigidity or any classic premise
Casa Calvert
Porta Miralles
Güell Park
Güell Park
Originally part of a commercially unsuccessful housing site
The focal point of the park is the main terrace, surrounded by a long bench in the form of a sea serpent.
Güell Park
To design the curvature of the bench surface Gaudí used the shape of buttocks left by a naked workman sitting in wet clay
Güell Park
New techniques in the treatment of materials,
Trencadís, made of waste ceramic pieces
Curvy shapes and natural materials
The light• MediterraneanMediterranean• GodGod
• NatureNature• ReligionReligion
Nature & Geometry
CASA BATLLÓ
CASA MILÁ LA PEDRERA
Furniture
La Sagrada Familia
From 1915 Gaudí devoted himself almost exclusively to his most ambitious building, the Sagrada Família, a synthesis of his architectural evolution
The workshop todayThe workshop today
TEMPLE WORK BEGAN IN 1882TEMPLE WORK BEGAN IN 1882
Destruction of Gaudí study workshop during the civil war (1936) burning Gaudí plans and drawings.
Destruction of Gaudí study workshop during the civil war (1936) burning Gaudí plans and drawings.
The discovery in the municipal archives of the sketches signed by Gaudí, has allowed to know the heights of the towers and most of the details
The discovery in the municipal archives of the sketches signed by Gaudí, has allowed to know the heights of the towers and most of the details
• It has a cruciform plan, with a five-aisled nave, a transept of three aisles, and an apse with seven chapels
• It has three facades dedicated to the birth, passion and glory of Jesus
Façade of the BirthFaçade of the Birth
ONE OF THE INNOVATIVE DESIGN IDEAS WAS THE HEIGHT OF THE TOWERS AT THE FRONT PARABOLIC WITH A TENDENCY TO SPIRAL UPWARD AND PIERCED WITH MANY WINDOWSONE OF THE INNOVATIVE DESIGN IDEAS WAS THE HEIGHT OF THE TOWERS AT THE FRONT PARABOLIC WITH A TENDENCY TO SPIRAL UPWARD AND PIERCED WITH MANY WINDOWS
Nativity FacadeNativity Facade
At the base of the spine turtle (land and sea) as a symbol of time is
unchanged
At the base of the spine turtle (land and sea) as a symbol of time is
unchangedSculpture of st. Barnabe in its current location in naixement façanaSculpture of st. Barnabe in its current location in naixement façana
THE TEMPLE OF THE HOLY FAMILY MONUMENT - MUSEUM MOST VISITED SPAINTHE TEMPLE OF THE HOLY FAMILY MONUMENT - MUSEUM MOST VISITED SPAIN
INTERIOR OF A TOWERINTERIOR OF A TOWER
HE DESCRIBES HIS VIEW OF THE FACADE OF THE PASSION OF GAUDÍ AS FOLLOWS:SOMEONE WILL FIND THE DOOR TOO EXTRAVAGANT, BUT I LIKE TO SEE YOUR FEAR, AND TO GET SPARE NO CHIAROSCURO, EVERYTHING SHOULD BE AS BLEAK . ALSO, I'M WILLING TO SACRIFICE THE SAME BUILDING, THE IDEA OF A BLOOD SACRIFICE.
HE DESCRIBES HIS VIEW OF THE FACADE OF THE PASSION OF GAUDÍ AS FOLLOWS:SOMEONE WILL FIND THE DOOR TOO EXTRAVAGANT, BUT I LIKE TO SEE YOUR FEAR, AND TO GET SPARE NO CHIAROSCURO, EVERYTHING SHOULD BE AS BLEAK . ALSO, I'M WILLING TO SACRIFICE THE SAME BUILDING, THE IDEA OF A BLOOD SACRIFICE.
THE FRONT DOOR OF THE GLORY SUBIRACHS WORKS. THE PRAYER OF
THE “PARE NOSTRE"
THE FRONT DOOR OF THE GLORY SUBIRACHS WORKS. THE PRAYER OF
THE “PARE NOSTRE" CENTRAL DOOR LEFTCENTRAL DOOR LEFT
Interior
Sculptural cycle of passion is installed on three levels, in ascending order s-shaped to play the calvary of JesusSculptural cycle of passion is installed on three levels, in ascending order s-shaped to play the calvary of Jesus
SCULPTURAL FORM THAT SYMBOLIZES THE MOUNTAIN OF MONTSERRAT - CAVALL BERNATSCULPTURAL FORM THAT SYMBOLIZES THE MOUNTAIN OF MONTSERRAT - CAVALL BERNAT
TOMB OF ANTONI GAUDÍ, LOCATED IN THE CRYPT OF THE HOLY FAMILYTOMB OF ANTONI GAUDÍ, LOCATED IN THE CRYPT OF THE HOLY FAMILY