More Matlab Graphics and More Matlab Graphics and GUIGUI

Graphics subplots some useful commands 3D graphics

GUI GUI controls The callback property Other essential properties

Comments about the “Game of Life”

Initial universe

Time step

Time step

input universe

embed

output universe

Count neighbors

Make decisions

Count neighbors

input universe

Count the neighbors of a cell

Matrix with the neighbors numbers

Subplots

Subplot I

Subplot II

h1 = subplot(7,7,[1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 8 9 10 11 12 13 ... 15 16 17 18 19 20 ... 22 23 24 25 26 27 ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 ... 36 37 38 19 40 41]);

1234567

891011121314

15161718192021

22232425262728

29303132333435

36373839404142

43444546474849

h1 = subplot(7,7,[1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 8 9 10 11 12 13 ... 15 16 17 18 19 20 ... 22 23 24 25 26 27 ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 ... 36 37 38 19 40 41]);

get(h1,'type')ans =axes

h2=axes

subplot(7,7,[7 14])

subplot(7,7,[7 14])

subplot(7,7,[7 14])

h1 = subplot(7,7,[1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 8 9 10 11 12 13 ... 15 16 17 18 19 20 ... 22 23 24 25 26 27 ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 ... 36 37 38 19 40 41]);

1234567

891011121314

15161718192021

22232425262728

29303132333435

36373839404142

43444546474849

The interactively edited figure/axes/object is

accessible through the gcf/gca/gco commands (get current figure/axes/object).

>> get(gca)ALim = [0 1]ALimMode = autoAmbientLightColor = [1 1 1]Box = onCameraPosition = [5.5 5.5 17.3205]CameraPositionMode = autoCameraTarget = [5.5 5.5 0]CameraTargetMode = autoCameraUpVector = [0 1 0]CameraUpVectorMode = autoCameraViewAngle = [6.60861]CameraViewAngleMode = auto

:

Useful Commands

plot(x,y)

hl=findobj(gcf,’type’,’line’)

hl=findobj(gcf,’type’,’line’)

set(h1,'color','r');

set(gcf,'tag','first‘);

Figure;

y = x.^-2;

plot(x,y);

firstFigure = findobj('tag','first');

h2 = findobj(firstFigure,'type','line')

set(h2,'marker','*');

firstFigure = findobj('tag','first');

h2 = findobj(firstFigure,'type','line')

set(h2,'marker','*');

3D graphics

x = [-2:0.2:2]

x = [ -2 -1.8 …. 1.8 2]

y = [-4:0.4:4]

y = [ -4 -3.6 …. 3.6 4]

We want to calculate and display Z=x(x2-y2)

3D graphics

surf(XX,YY,ZZ)

size(XX)ans = 21 21

XX(1:5,1:5)ans = -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …... replica of x

length(y)rows

surf(XX,YY,ZZ)

size(XX)ans = 21 21

XX(1:5,1:5)ans = -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …...

surf(XX,YY,ZZ)

size(XX)ans = 21 21

XX(1:5,1:5)ans = -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …. -2.0000 -1.8000 -1.6000 -1.4000 -1.2000 …...

3D graphics

surf(XX,YY,ZZ)

size(YY)ans = 21 21

YY(1:5,1:5)ans = -4.0000 -4.0000 -4.0000 -4.0000 -4.0000 …. -3.6000 -3.6000 -3.6000 -3.6000 -3.6000 …. -3.2000 -3.2000 -3.2000 -3.2000 -3.2000 …. -2.8000 -2.8000 -2.8000 -2.8000 -2.8000 …. -2.4000 -2.4000 -2.4000 -2.4000 -2.4000 …. . .

replica of y

Length(x) columns

3D graphics

surf(XX,YY,ZZ)

size(ZZ)ans = 21 21

ZZ = XX.*(XX.^2-YY.^2);

Element-by-element matrix operations

How do we create XX and YY?

[XX YY] = meshgrid(x,y);

Were [XX YY] = meshgrid(x) is the same as [XX YY] = meshgrid(x,x);

How does Matlab know how to relate some How does Matlab know how to relate some value with a specific colorvalue with a specific color??

Colormaps! A colormap is an m-rows by 3 column matrix Each row is a color specified in RGB values (between 0 and 1)

C=get(1,'colormap')

C =

0 0 0.5625 0 0 0.6250 ... ... ... 0.5625 1.0000 0.4375 0.6250 1.0000 0.3750

... ... ... 0.6250 0 0 0.5625 0 0 0.5000 0 0

colormap(cool)

“colormap” is a property of the figure

colormap(colorcube)

The same plot as a contour map

colormap(jet)contour(XX,YY,ZZ,100)

… and with a colorbar

colorbar

Solid shadingSolid shading

We can change the way the surface displays by changing its shading:

>>shadingflatfaceted %defaultinterp

>>surf(peaks) %creates 49 by 49 matrix % an plots its values %against x,y indices

flat

faceted

interpolated

Every axes has a property called ‘view’ that controls the azimuth (az) and elevation (el) of the viewpoint

To change the viewpoint we use either:

view(az,el) or

set(axes_handle,’View’,[az el])

>>view(-37.5,30) >>view(-10.0,30)

>>view(0,30)>>view(0,0)

Special 3d plotsSpecial 3d plots

contour3(x,y,z,n) %create n realistic contours interpreting z

%as the height from the x y plane. If specified

% x and y should have the same size as z

>>contour3(topo,30)

>>axis off

Special 3d plotsSpecial 3d plotsWe can create a sphere or a cylinder (of radius =1) with little

effort

>>[x,y,z]=sphere; %will compute the required % N+1 (N=20 by default) coordinates so

>>surf(x,y,z) %will plot sphere surface

>>axis equal

Note:

sphere without left arguments will plot the surface.

sphere(n) use n instead of the default of 20

Special 3d plotsSpecial 3d plotsTo create a cylinder we issue the following command:

>>[x,y,z]=cylinder;

>>surf(x,y,z)%this creates a basic cylinder of %radius 1

We can also create cylinder with reference to a specific profile. We will now generate a cylinder with the esin(t) profile

>> t = 0:pi/10:2*pi;

>> [X,Y,Z] = cylinder(exp(sin(t)));

>> surf(X,Y,Z)

Special 3d plotsSpecial 3d plots

Graphical User Interfaces

Why?

Built in UIs

Uicontrols

GUI programming

Every day examples

GUI examples

Graphic Objects

• figure• axes• 2D-plot• 3D-plot• axis labels• title

GUI objects• pushbutton• toggle• edit• text• menu

1. Enable you to share your work with other people (your advisor/lab mates or grandmother)

2. Easy way to perform repetitive task that need constant user input

3. Create interactive demos to your applications

4. It’s fun…

Motivation or why GUIs?

GUI components

Figure window

GUI controllers which are divided into two major classes:

uimenu (like the File,Edit etc)

uicontrols (buttons, lists, radio buttons pop-up list like in any other application)

uimenu and uicontrols are children of the figure

If an uimenu is implemented as submenu, then it is a child of another uimenu

The UIcontrols are common interface controlers

Help us perform specific actions or set the variables for future actions

Actions and options are selected by the mouse, some UIcontrols are also editable so we can use the keyboard as well

Interface controllers

Interface controllers

We can create UIcontrols simply by implementing the following syntax

handle_to_UI=uicontrol(‘Property Name’,’Property Value’);

Interface controllers

UIcontrol types are defined by their ‘style’ property:

Check box 'checkbox'Editable text field 'edit'

Toggle button 'toggle' 'Pop-up menus 'popupmenu'

Push button 'pushbuttonList box 'listbox'

Radio button 'radiobutton'

Static text 'text'

Slider 'slider'Frame 'frame'

Interface controllersare graphic objects

Essential properties:

Callback – A string with one or more commands that is executed when the controller is activated.

May be empty – ''

Example uicontrol('style','pushbutton','callback','close(gcf)');

Interface controllersare graphic objects

Essential properties:

Callback – A string with one or more commands that is executed when the controller is activated.

May be empty - ''

Recommendation – always call a function that does what you want.

Interface controllersare graphic objects

Essential properties:

Callback – A string with one or more commands that is executed when the controller is activated.

May be empty - ''

Recommendation – always call a function that does what you want.

Tag – a string that may be used as a unique identifier of the controller.

h = findobj('Tag','1');