MOTIA FINAL CONFERENCE ''Project Presentation”

MOTIA FINAL CONFERENCE ''Project Presentation”

“Interdependency at the Physical and IP Levels”

Wp1 and Wp2

With the support of

the Prevention, Preparedness and Consequence Management of Terrorism and other Security-related Risks Programme

European Commission - Directorate-General Home Affairs

This publication reflects the views only of the author,

and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein

Enrico Gregori Enrico Gregori – IIT/CNR– IIT/[email protected]

Roma “Piazza di Spagna - 29 Marzo 2012

Enrico Gregori– Roma - March 29-th

INTERNET ARCHITECTURE


IP LEVEL

Ip packet travelling from source to destination


COMPLEXITY REDUCTION


PROJECT APPROACH

Decompose a descriptor of an ICT (TCP/IP based

Infrastructure in three descriptors

• Physical and Data Link (PHY&DL)

• IP level

• Application layer level

Rules that enable the connection of the three descriptors must be defined

The level of details of the above descriptors has a fundamental impact on the interdependencies discovery


PHYSICAL & DATA LINK

Each ISP has a complex

infrastructures whose

description requires a

lot of details, e.g.,

• Site infrastructures

• Cabling

• Physical links and

related protocols



A wide variety of technologies and of physical infrastructures

Technologies are well known (mostly standardized) but it is very difficult to obtain descriptor of the Phy& DL infrastructure as they are considered

IMPORTANT ASSETS WHOSE DETAILS ARE NOT TO BE DISCLOSED



Further complexity:

THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

1)Operators owning their physical infrastructure and providing services on top of it

2)Operators buying or hiring physical infrastructures (dark fiber) from (1) and providing services on top of it

3)Operators running services based on lower layer services provided by third parties (that can be both (1) or (2))



To sum it up:1.There are no automatic way to construct the Phy&DL

descriptors

2.There are no map of the cabling infrastructures used and cabling infrastructures are often shared by several operators

3.Precise descriptors of the Phy&DL can be developed only in specific contexts in which ISPs are directly interested in the project and are cooperative. A further complexity is generated by those operators buying or hiring physical infrastructures (dark fiber or running services based on lower layer services provided by third parties)

4.A not-detailed descriptor of this level implies rough approximations on the interdependencies associated to Phy&DL problems.



5. Luckily Phy&DL technologies are often very fault tolerant with back-up connectivity and with mechanism for fast restoration.

6. Access network are rarely with secondary connectivity at Phy&DL

7. Faults on access network have impact only on a limited community of users

8. Note that redundant connectivity at the IP level (i.e., with two or more ISPs) is effective (at the access level) if these ISP are not sharing the same cabling infrastructure


IP LEVEL

Network router graph


IP LEVEL: AS INFRASTRUCTURE


IP LEVEL: AS INFRASTRUCTURE

AS graph


IP LEVEL: AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM

AS graph


IP LEVEL: TOPOLOGY DISCOVER

There are two tools (Traceroute-based and BGP-based) that have been widely used to automatically collect topology data

Both these tools allow automatic topology discover and several project have been running for year with this target

These tools were not designed for this purpose and hence they have several limitations


IP GRAPH DESCRIPTOR

Router graph descriptor:

automatic tool: traceorute,

success level: average comment: with trace route you don’t control routing hence for a good discovery you need many starting points!

ASGraph descriptor:

automatic tool: Yes (BGP or traceroute)

success level: high for CP links; low for public or private peering peering

ASGraph descriptor + Business relationship (peering, CP, Sibling):

automatic tool: Yes (BGP or Traceroute)

Success level : high

ASGraph descriptor + POP localization

automatic tool: Yes (Traceroute)

success level: low as it is an very novel research activity


COUPLING THE DESCRIPTORS

Phy&DL NIC • Each router interface will use a Phy&DL NIC

• Geolocalizion of the routers and of the POP Infrastructures of the operators could also help in the coupling process

• Manual coupling with info provide by the operator is always required if maximal precision in the interdependency study is the target

Application

• The IP address is the most valuable info to connect an IP descritor with an Application level descriptor


CONCLUSIONS

Very difficult to get an accurate descriptor of the ICT Infrastructure

Research on measurement methodologies to monitor the ICT infrastructure is still needed

Some data (Phy&DL) will be manually collected

IP monitoring infrastructure is inadequate but automatic data collection is a feasible target

AS-Graph descriptor + Business relationship (peering, transit) + POP localization is a good tradeoff between complexity and precison

MOTIA FINAL CONFERENCE

Thanks for AttentionThanks for Attention

Enrico GregoriEnrico Gregori– IIT/CNR– IIT/[email protected]

Roma “Piazza di Spagna - 29 Marzo 2012

Documents

MOTIA FINAL CONFERENCE ''Project Presentation”