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Moving to the Network Level: Libraries, Readers and Applications
Lorcan Dempsey
ORBIS Cascade AllianceRetreatUniversity of Washington12-14 April 2006
3 ages
1. Resource sharing and cataloging2. A&I and e-journals3. Move to the network level:
Consolidation around network platforms ..
Moving to the network level
StorageAmazon S3
ComputationSun Grid
ApplicationSalesforce.com
DataRefworksShared catalogingJSTORGoogle
Some context for abeginning
Synthesize - to combine often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole.
Synthesize
Web services
Patron services
Content
Policies
Registries
Forward knowledge
Fulfillment services
Mobilize
Specialize - involve specific knowledge in order to serve a particular purpose; to apply or direct to specific end or use.
Specialize
…
Mobilize - to put into action
Workplace applications - points of need
Profiles
• Local service• Local added value• Local context• Local knowledge
Robin Murray
Synthesise, Local
CSUSM, David Walker
Synthesise, network
Specialize, Local
Mobilize, Local
‘2 clicks to full-text’Integrate ‘find articles’ service with other services‘Variety of pathways’Metasearch appropriate databases from course pages
Innovative Uses of Metasearch: Rethinking Metasearch for a Better User ExperienceDavid Lindahl & Jeff Suszczynski, U Rochester
Looking to synthesize, specialize, mobilize
Library servicelandscape
URL is the currency of the web
The library and the library network
Impact
Systemwide efficiencies
Cat/Resource sharingJournal lit
The long tail
Impact?
Systemwide efficiences
Aggregation of supply•Unified discovery•Low transaction costs
Aggregation of demand
Synthesize-specialize-mobilize
Libraries and the long tail dynamic
Aggregate supply?
1.7% of circulations are ILLs
(60% of aggregate G5 collection owned by one library only)
Aggregate demand?
20% of collection accounted for 90% of use
(2 research libraries over ~4 years)
Each reader his/her book
Each book its reader
Collaboratively sourced approaches
Libraries AustraliaCRLIthakaOCLCRLGDEF
OhioLinkSummitCalifornia digital libraryJISCPines
Google Scholar
At what level?
Space and Consumer environments Collections Discovery to deliveryBusiness intelligence
Space &consumer environments
OCLC adaptation of Liz Lyon
Database > website > workflow
Prefabricated (e.g. CMS)
Self assembled digital identity
Gather – create - share
Raymond Yee
URL is the currency
Conversation and evidence
Mobilize the edge of user contributionMobilize resources in user spaces
Integrity and authenticityVersioning
Citing
pentags
Collections
high low
low
high
stewardship
uni
que
ne
ss
BooksJournalsNewspapersGov. docsCD, DVDMapsScores
Special collectionsRare booksLocal/Historical newspapersLocal history materialsArchives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations
Research and learning materials •ePrints/tech reports•Learning objects•Courseware•E-portfolios•Research data
Freely-accessible web resourcesOpen source softwareNewsgroup archives
uni
que
ne
ss
Print books Preservation turn: Cost of management and
preservation of print collection? Mass digitisation: converting sharable
materials to licensable materials? Mass digitization and off-site storage present
similar issues: selection and shared capacity move to network level?
Licensed resources Libraries have selected from a published
resource: scholarly record. A global knowledge base? Complete digital and print runs – at what
level? Growing interest in audio, video, … Mobilize: Gather, create, share?
Digitized special collections Relevance to local research and learning
needs? Primary materials. Specialise: support the curriculum/research needs Mobilize: integration with learning materials
Aggregation and higher level services … at what level?
Web Harvest and curate Integrity: Versioning and citation State/government docs/websites Specialize:
Collect websites for a particular course
Institutional research and learning outputs Differently motivated (coordinated asset
management, scholarly communications, reputation management, disclosure, preservation, ..)
Domain specialties (high acronymic density) Diversity: big data, e-portfolios, learning
materials, … Special collections of the future? New institutional content: podcasts, TV,
Blog/Wiki record, …
Collections
Outside in: traditional
Inside out: new challenge
Discovery to
delivery
Use
RequestLocateDiscover Deliver
Example: aggregate supply: transaction costs
Each arrow is a potential added cost:In terms of attention or technical, policy, business or service gaps.Amazon? Google?
Synthesise discovery Metasearch Consolidation?
Specialize discovery?Synthesize and specialize location
Service router = resolution
Locked within end to end systems where the ends are in the wrong places!
Fragmentation: major discovery ad transaction costs
Losing the competition for attention.
Businessintelligence
Measurement
Assessment Marketing Reflexive product adaptation
Business intelligence
To think about:Consolidated holdings?Consolidated usage data?Consolidated circ data?Consolidated resolution data?Consolidated download data?….
Moving to thenetwork level
From vertical integration …
… to collaboratively sourced approaches
Libraries AustraliaCRLIthakaOCLCRLGDEF
OhioLinkOrbis Cascade AllianceCalifornia digital libraryJISC
Google Scholar
At what level: Institutional (single, California Digital Library) Regional/State (OhioLink, Pines, Orbis
Cascade Alliance) National (JISC, DEFF, Libraries Australia, …) International (Google Scholar, worldcat, JStor)
Multilevel approach to …
Collections Shared offsite storage Aggregate and analyse
digital collections Institutional repository Digital storage and
preservation
Social and consumer environments
Social networking services: tagging, reviews, recommendations
Share mobilizing approaches
Virtual reference
D2D Consolidated discovery Knowledge base Resolution - Service
routing – fulfilment
Business intelligence Synthesize and mobilize
shared usage data Recommendation,
management decisions Digitization and offsite
storage
A new resource sharing …
UncertaintyThe collective collectionService development
Concentrate expertise and share outputs E.g. developing specialized and mobilizing services
Bank Access to materials, innovation, …
Share everything … a pattern for more efficiently allocating resources within bigger units
http://orweblog.oclc.org
The end