REPORT TEXT

MUHAMMAD MUBARAK CHADYKA PUTRA2012

WHAT IS SOLAR SYSTEM ?

Solar system is a system in the universe made up of the sun as its centre and other astronomical objects, like planets, asteroids, satellites, comets, and meteorites orbit the center or sun in their each orbits.

THE SOLAR SYSTEMThe Formation of the solar system :

1. Sun

2. Planet

3. Asteroid

4. Satellite5. Meteoroite6. Comet

1. The Sun

• The sun is the biggest, barightest, and hottest object in the solar system.

• The sun is an ordinary star.

• The sun is made of about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium.

The Structure of Sun

1. Core

2. Radiative Zone

3. Convective Zone

4. Photosphere

5. Cromosphere

6. Corona

7. Sunspot

8. Granules

9. Prominance

2. Planets• Planets are celestial body that can not emit light theirselves.

Ex : Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Mercury

Venus

EarthMars

Asteroid

Jupiter

Saturn

Neptune

Uranus

Comet

Mercury

• Mercury is solid and is covered with craters.

• Mercury has almost no atmosphere.

• Mercury is the eighth largest planet.

Venus

• Venus is the sixth largest planet. It’s about three-fourths the size of earth.

• The surface is rocky and very hot. The atmosphere completely hides the surface and traps the heat.

Earth

• Earth is the fifth largest planet and the third from the sun.

• Liquid covers 71 percent of the Earth’s surface.• The Earth has one moon.

Moon

Mars

• Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.

• Mars has a thin atmosphere that contains mostly carbon dioxide.

• Mars has two small moons.

Moons of Mars

Phobos

Deimos

Jupiter

Jupiter’s Red Spot

• The Great Red Spot, a huge storm of swirling gas that has lasted for hundreds of years.

• Jupiter does not have a solid surface. The planet is a ball of liquid surrounded by gas.

Moons of Jupiter

Jupiter has four large Galilean moons, twelve smaller named moons and twenty-three more recently discovered but not named moons.

We’ll take a look at the four large Galilean moons which were first observed by Galileo in 1610.

Io

– Io is the fifth moon of Jupiter. It’s the third largest of Jupiter’s moons.

– Io has hundreds of volcanic calderas. Some of the volcanoes are active.

Europa

• Europa is the sixth of Jupiter’s moons and is the fourth largest.

• It is slightly smaller than the Earth’s moon.

• The surface strongly resembles images of sea ice on Earth. There may be a liquid water sea under the crust.

• Europa is one of the five known moons in the solar system to have an atmosphere.

Ganymede

• Ganymede is the seventh and largest of Jupiter’s known satellites.

• Ganymede has extensive cratering and an icy crust.

Callisto

• Callisto is the eighth of Jupiter’s known satellites and the second largest.

• Callisto has the oldest, most cratered surface of any body yet observed in the solar system.

Saturn

• Saturn is the second largest planet and the sixth from the sun.

• Saturn is made of materials that are lighter than water. If you could fit Saturn in a lake, it would float!

Rings of Saturn

• Saturn’s rings are not solid; they are composed of small countless particles.

• The rings are very thin. Though they’re 250,000km or more in diameter, they’re less than one kilometer thick.

Uranus

• Uranus is the third largest planet and the seventh from the sun.

• Uranus is one of the giant gas planets.

• Uranus is blue-green because of the methane in its atmosphere.

Neptune

• Neptune is the fourth largest planet and the eight from the sun.

• Because of the orbits, from 1979 to 1999, Neptune was the ninth planet.

• Like Uranus, the methane gives Neptune its color.

a. Earth as a barrier planet grouped into two, namely inferior planet and superior planet.

• Inferior Planets are planets whose orbits are in Earth‘s orbit.

• Which includes the inferior planets are Mercury and Venus

• The Grouping of Planets

• Superior Planets are planets whose orbits are outside Earth’s orbit .

• Which includes the superior planets are Mars, Jupiter , Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

Inferior Planet

Superior Planet

Earth

Inner planet

Outer planet

Asteroid

b. Asteroid as a barrier planet group into two, Inner planet and Outer planet

• Inner planets are the planets in Asteroid’s orbit

• Which includes in inner planet: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.

• Outer planets are the planets outside Asteroid’s orbit,

• Which includes in outer planet: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Planet Terestrial

Planet Jovian

c. Based on the sizes and the compositions, Planets group into Terrestrial and Jovian

• Terrestrial Planets are the planets which size nd composition almost like Earth,

• Which includes in Terresterial Planet: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.

• Jovian planets are the planets which a great size and the composition almost same to Jupiter.

• Which includes in Jovian Planet: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Planet’s Data Table

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Radius of Equator

(x Radius of Earth )

0.3825 0.9488 1 0.5325 11.21 9.449 4.007 3.883

Mass(x Earth mass)

0.0553 0.8150 1 0.1074 317.8 95.16 14.54 17.15

Specific Mass (g/cm3)

5.4 5.2 5.5 3.9 1.3 0.69 1.3 1.6

Rotation Period (day)

58.6 -240 1 1.03 0.414 0.444 -0.718 0.671

Revolution Periode (year)

0.2408 0.6152 1 1.881 11.86 29.46 84.01 164.8

Rate Distance to sun (SA)

0.3871 0.7233 1 1.524 5.203 9.59 19.10 30

Amount of satellite 0 0 1 2 63 56 27 13

From Microsoft encarta Encyclopedia 2008

3. Asteroid• The small planets between Mars’s orbit and Jupiter’s orbit.

There are 100.000 asteroids lie in belt between mars and jupiter

Sumber data Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia 2008.

5.43.06318Interamnia

5.73.18326Davida

5.53.13408Hygiea

3.62.36530Vesta

4.62.77532Pallas

4.62.77950Ceres*

Periode revolution

(Tahun)

Jarak rata-rata ke sun (Earth = 1 )

Diameter ( km )nama

Asteroid’s Photos

4. Satellite • satellite is celestial body that follow planet's orbit

to around sun

Planet

satellite

sun

Natural satellite of Earth also called moon

Atificial satellite uses for communication

5. METEOR• The meteorite’s rock that entered to Earth

atmosfer and produce printlight.

• Meteor also called falling star

6. Comet• The celestial body arounds sun with eleptical orbit.• Comet also called the shooting star• Comet’s tail always awat from sun

Parts of Comet Core, Coma, Hidrogen Clouds and tail