Muscular System. Functions of the Muscular System

Muscular SystemMuscular System

Functions of the Muscular SystemFunctions of the Muscular System


Holds the body uprightHolds the body upright



Make movement possibleMake movement possible




Generates 85% of body Generates 85% of body heatheat




Generates 85% of body Generates 85% of body heatheat

Moves food, blood and Moves food, blood and fluids through the bodyfluids through the body

3 Types of Muscle3 Types of Muscle


Smooth Muscle-lines Smooth Muscle-lines organs, digestive tract, organs, digestive tract, respiratory tract-respiratory tract-involuntaryinvoluntary


Smooth MuscleSmooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle-heart Cardiac Muscle-heart muscle-involuntarymuscle-involuntary


Smooth MuscleSmooth Muscle

Cardiac MuscleCardiac Muscle

Skeletal Muscle- voluntarySkeletal Muscle- voluntary

Antagonistic relationship Antagonistic relationship

What is the definition of What is the definition of antagonistic? antagonistic?


Skeletal muscles work in pairs.Skeletal muscles work in pairs.


Skeletal muscles work in pairs.Skeletal muscles work in pairs.

The pairs work in opposition to each The pairs work in opposition to each other.other.

Example: biceps and Example: biceps and tricepstriceps

When one muscle When one muscle contracts the other contracts the other relaxesrelaxes

There are over 600 There are over 600 skeletal muscles in the skeletal muscles in the human body, they all human body, they all have a name. have a name.

There are over 600 There are over 600 skeletal muscles in the skeletal muscles in the human body, they all human body, they all have a name.have a name.

There are 7 ways There are 7 ways muscles are namedmuscles are named

7 ways Muscles are named7 ways Muscles are named

1. Origin and Insertion- where 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. the muscle begins and end. Example- Example- sternocleidomastoidsternocleidomastoid


1. Origin and Insertion- where 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. the muscle begins and end. Example- sternocleidomastoidExample- sternocleidomastoid

2. Action- what the muscle does. 2. Action- what the muscle does. Example- Example- flexor Carpiflexor Carpi


1. Origin and Insertion- where 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. the muscle begins and end. Example- sternocleidomastoidExample- sternocleidomastoid

2. Action- what the muscle does. 2. Action- what the muscle does. Example- flexor CarpiExample- flexor Carpi

3. Location- Example- 3. Location- Example- pectoralis pectoralis major, when there is a major, when there is a majormajor muscle there is always a muscle there is always a minorminor, , pectoralis minorpectoralis minor

7 ways Muscles are named7 ways Muscles are named4. Fiber Direction- example: 4. Fiber Direction- example: obliquesobliques


5. Number of divisions- example: 5. Number of divisions- example: biceps, tricepsbiceps, triceps



6. Size- example: 6. Size- example: Gluteus Gluteus Maximus. When there is a Maximus. When there is a maximusmaximus there is always there is always mediusmedius and and minimusminimus



6. Size- example: Gluteus 6. Size- example: Gluteus Maximus. When there is a Maximus. When there is a maximusmaximus there is always there is always mediusmedius and and minimusminimus

7. Shape- Example: 7. Shape- Example: deltoiddeltoid

Range of MotionRange of Motion

Each joint and the Each joint and the muscles that move muscles that move the joint have a the joint have a specific range they specific range they can move.can move.

ROM’sROM’s

Flexion- bending a jointFlexion- bending a joint

Extension- straightening a jointExtension- straightening a joint

example: elbows and kneesexample: elbows and knees

ROM’sROM’s

Flexion and extension- example: Flexion and extension- example: elbows and kneeselbows and knees

Abduction-moving a body part away Abduction-moving a body part away from the bodyfrom the body

Adduction-moving a body part Adduction-moving a body part toward the bodytoward the body

example: moving the legs or arms example: moving the legs or arms outward or inwardoutward or inward

ROM’sROM’s

Flexion and extension- example: Flexion and extension- example: elbows and kneeselbows and kneesAbduction and adduction-example: Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or moving the legs or arms outward or inwardinwardPronation- turning the palms down.Pronation- turning the palms down.Supination-turning the palms Supination-turning the palms upward.upward.Example: turning the palms of the Example: turning the palms of the hand up or downhand up or down

ROM’sROM’sFlexion and extension- example: Flexion and extension- example: elbows and kneeselbows and knees

Abduction and adduction-example: Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or moving the legs or arms outward or inwardinward

Pronation and supination-example: Pronation and supination-example: turning the palms of the hand up or turning the palms of the hand up or downdown

Rotation-movement around the axis Rotation-movement around the axis of the joint.of the joint.

Flexion and extension- example: Flexion and extension- example: elbows and kneeselbows and knees

Abduction and adduction-example: Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or moving the legs or arms outward or inwardinward

Pronation and supination-example: Pronation and supination-example: turning the palms of the hand up or turning the palms of the hand up or downdown

Rotation-movement around the axis Rotation-movement around the axis of the joint.of the joint.

Circumduction- movement at the end Circumduction- movement at the end of the rotating body part of the rotating body part

Documents

Muscular System. Functions of the Muscular System