Name ___________________________

The Cold War - Study Guide Essential Knowledge: Competition between the United States and the U.S.S.R. laid the foundation for the Cold War. The Cold War influenced the policies of the United States and the U.S.S.R. towards other nations and

conflicts around the world. The presence of nuclear weapons influenced patterns of conflict and cooperation since 1945. Communism eventually failed as an economic system in the Soviet Union leading to the breakup of the Soviet Union.

Japanese occupation of European colonies in Asia heightened demands for independence after World War II. After World War II, the United States pursued a policy of containment against communism. This policy included the development of regional alliances against Soviet and Chinese aggression. The Cold War led to armed conflict in Korea and Vietnam. In India, British policies and India’s demand for self-rule led to the rise of the Indian independence movement, resulting in the creation of new states in the Indian sub-continent – India,

Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Republic of India, a democratic nation, developed after the country gained independence. The charter of the United Nations guaranteed colonial populations the right to self-determination. Independence movements in Africa challenged European imperialism. In the Middle East after World War II, the mandate system established after World War I was phased out. With the end of the mandates, new states were created in the Middle East.

Terms: 38th Parallel Ahimsa Battle of Inchon Berlin Airlift Berlin Wall Civil Disobedience “Iron Curtain” Cold War Containment Democracy Dictatorship Domino Theory Free enterprise Glasnost Hot spots Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) NATO

Nuclear deterrence Perestroika Solidarity (labor movement) Soviet bloc Superpower Truman Doctrine United Nations Warsaw Pact African nationalist movement Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) Balfour Declaration Civil disobedience/passive

resistance Containment Hot spots

Indian National Congress Muslim League Pan-Arabism Partition of India Refugee Zionism Commune Cuban Missile Crisis Great Leap Forward Guerilla Warfare Gulf of Tonkin Korean War Marshall Plan NATO Operation Rolling Thunder

People:

Brezhnev, Leonid Castro, Fidel Churchill, Winston Gorbachev, Mikhail Kennedy, John F. Khrushchev, Nikita Reagan, Ronald Ben Bella, Ahmed

Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) Gandhi, Mohandas Gurion, David Ben Ho Chi Minh Jinnah, Muhammad Ali Kenyatta, Jomo Mao Zedong

Nehru, Jawaharlal Nkrmah, Kwame Palestinians Macarthur, Douglas Ho Chi Minh Mandela, Nelson

Events

Bay of Pigs Invasion Berlin Airlift Berlin Wall Collapse of Communism Cuban Missile Crisis

Expansion of NATO Fall of the Berlin Wall Korean War Nationalism in the Soviet empire

Nationalism in Warsaw Pact countries

Vietnam War Yalta Conference

Chinese Civil War Creation of Israel Cultural Revolution Division of Vietnam Establishment of Chinese

Republic

Great Leap Forward Hot spots Israeli War of Independence Korean War Long March

Religious conflict in India Reunification of Vietnam Rise of mass nationalist

movements Superpower rivalry Vietnam War

The Cold War - page 3

VOCABULARY:

Read each definition, then write the correct term in the space provided next to the definition. “Iron Curtain” Brinkmanship Cold War ( Communes Cultural Revolution

Détente Domino theory Marshall Plan NATO The Space Race

Third World Truman Doctrine United Nations Warsaw Pact

1. ___________________ An internationals organization intended to protect the

members against aggression

2. ___________________ Phrase created by Churchill to represent Europe’s division

into mostly democratic Western Europe and Communist

Eastern Europe

3. ___________________ Foreign policy directed at stopping the expansion of

communism

4. ___________________ Truman’s policy of financial support for countries that

rejected communism

5. ___________________ Assistance program that would provide food, machinery and

other materials to rebuild Western Europe

6. ___________________ A struggle over political differences carried on by means of

short military action or war

7. ___________________ North Atlantic Treaty Organization. A defensive military

alliance formed by western Europe, the US and Canada

8. ___________________ A defensive military alliance formed by the USSR and

Eastern Europe

9. ___________________ The willingness to go to the edge of war

10. ___________________ Competition between the US and USSR to develop

technology that could be use to explore and control space.

11. ___________________ Large collective farms

12. ___________________ A Chinese uprising whose goal was to establish a society of

peasants and workers in which all were equal

13. ___________________ The idea that the fall to communism of one Southeast

Asian nation would lead to the fall of its neighbors

14. ___________________ Developing nations who were not aligned with either

superpower

15. ___________________ A policy of lessening Cold War tensions

The Cold War - page 4

VOCABULARY Continued -- Struggles for Democracy Apartheid Camp David Accords Ethnic Cleansing Glasnost Intifada

Martial Law Mujahedeen Negritude Movement Oslo Peace Accords Partition

Perestroika PLO Taliban

Zionists

1. ___________________ The division of India into separate Hindu (India)

and Muslim (Pakistan) nations.

2. ___________________ A movement to celebrate African heritage, culture

and values.

3. ___________________ The Palestine Liberation Organization – dedicated

to the establishment of an independent state for

Palestinian Arabs and the elimination of Israel.

4. ___________________ The first signed agreement between Israel and an

Arab country

5. ___________________ “Shaking off”; Palestinian campaigns of violence and

non-violent resistance against Israel.

6. ___________________ 1993 agreement in which Israeli prime minister

Rabin granted Palestinian self-rule in the Gaza

Strip and the West Bank.

7. ___________________ In Afghanistan, holy warriors who fought the

Soviet-supported government in the 1970s

8. ___________________ Conservative Islamic group that took control of

Afghanistan

9. ___________________ A temporary rule by military authorities

10. ___________________ A South African policy of complete legal separation

of the races

11. ___________________ A Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of

ideas and information

12. ___________________ A restructuring of the Soviet economy by Mikhail

Gorbachev

13. ___________________ A policy of murder and other acts of brutality by

which Serbs hope to eliminate Bosnia’s Muslim

population after the breakup of Yugoslavia

14. ___________________ People who favored a Jewish national homeland in

Palestine

The Cold War - page 5

The Cold War Web

The Cold

War

When? What years did

the Cold War cover?

How? What prevented the

Soviet Union from

invading Western Europe? What? Who won the war?

How? Who had The

Bomb?

How? The Weapons?

Who? Russian leaders?

Why? Why did the cold

war end?

Why? Why did this war

begin?

What? What was the symbol of

the Cold War?

What? Who started this

war?

What? What is this war about?

Where? Where were

the Hot wars fought?

Where? Where did nuclear

confrontation happen?

Who? US Leader?

Who? Asian Leaders?

Who? Africa & Mideast leaders?

Who? Latin American Leaders?

The Cold War - page 6

7 Stages of the Cold War

1. The Causes

2. The Spark

3. The Turning Point

4. The Korean War

5. The Vietnam War

6. The Final Stage

7. The Effects

The Cold War - page 7

PEOPLE & GEOGRAPHY –– In each box write the name of the leader. NEXT, draw an arrow to the correct region.

Nikita Khrushchev Brezhnev Mikhail Gorbachev Boris Yeltsin Vladimir Putin Pol Pot Ho Chi Minh

Eva Peron Vicente Fox Fidel Castro Ayatola Khomeini Daniel Ortega Corazon Aquino Mao Zedong

Aung San Suu Kyi Benazir Bhutto Jawaharlal Nehru Anwar Sadat Yasir Afafat Jomo Kenyatta Kwame Nkrumah

John F Kennedy Lyndon Johnson Richard Nixon Ronald Reagan Douglas MacArthur Nelson Mandela F.W. de Klerk

Latin America: (4)

Asia (east and southeast)

(7)

USSR: (5)

Middle East: (3)

Africa: (4)

USA: (5)

The Cold War - page 8

GEOGRAPHY –– Use the map below to answer the following questions.

1. Which 3 NATO countries were not founder-members?

a.

b.

c.

2. Which 4 Eastern European countries border the “Iron Curtain”?

a.

b.

c.

d.

3. Which 3 Western European countries border the “Iron Curtain”?

a.

b.

c.

The Cold War - page 9

VISUAL LITERACY: Identify AND describe each image. Remember that there may be more

than one possible way to answer the question.

1. 2.

3.

4.

The Cold War - page 10

6.

7.