National National Curriculum Curriculum

Physical Education Physical Education and School Sportand School Sport

SECTION 3: UNIT 1SECTION 3: UNIT 1

SOCIALSOCIAL BASIS OF SPORT & BASIS OF SPORT & RECREC

• Origins of sport = Was – went Origins of sport = Was – went through- todaythrough- today

• Role of Phys Ed in education systemRole of Phys Ed in education system

• Involvement of gov.Involvement of gov.

• Social factors affecting performance Social factors affecting performance & participation& participation

AssessmentAssessment

• TAKING NOTES NOW MAKES IT TAKING NOTES NOW MAKES IT EASIER LATER ON !EASIER LATER ON !

CULTURAL BACKGROUNDCULTURAL BACKGROUND

•POPULAR RECREATION – Pre 1800’s

•Pre-industrialization

•Rural / farming community

•Who, what, where, when, why, how

•Time line!

•Think ANCIENT!

2 Classes Pre-industry2 Classes Pre-industry1.1. UPPERUPPER

• GentryGentry

• CourtlyCourtly

• Nobility/ AristocracyNobility/ Aristocracy

• BourgeoisieBourgeoisie

2.2. LOWER LOWER

• PeasantsPeasants

• Populace / PopularPopulace / Popular

• ProletariatProletariat

• Bare Knuckle boxing – lower classBare Knuckle boxing – lower class• Upper class gamble - statusUpper class gamble - status• Upper class is represented by employeeUpper class is represented by employee• Similar circumstances for most blood sports, Similar circumstances for most blood sports,

animal fighting, some Mob footballanimal fighting, some Mob football

RECREATION OF THE PEASANTRY BEFORE 1800

• Blood SportsBlood Sports• ContestsContests• Group GamesGroup Games• Prize fightingPrize fighting• OthersOthers• RUSTIC GAMESRUSTIC GAMES

Sport reflects societySport reflects society

• Bear, Bull baiting, cock Bear, Bull baiting, cock fightingfighting

• Archery, swords – War!Archery, swords – War!

• Mob Football+Hockey, Mob Football+Hockey, hurlinghurling

• Wrestling, boxingWrestling, boxing

• Skittles, ringing the bellsSkittles, ringing the bells• Biscuit Bolting, whistling Biscuit Bolting, whistling

match, wheelbarrow racematch, wheelbarrow race

RECREATION OF THE GENTRY BEFORE 1800

• Blood SportsBlood Sports• ContestsContests• HuntingHunting• Prize fightingPrize fighting• OthersOthers

Activity Variation – time, Activity Variation – time, space, money, transportspace, money, transport

• Onlookers, wagersOnlookers, wagers• Fencing, joustingFencing, jousting• With horses/guns – otters, With horses/guns – otters,

fox, hawkingfox, hawking• PatronsPatrons• Billiards, bowling, Real Billiards, bowling, Real

Tennis, fishing on own Tennis, fishing on own estate/swimmingestate/swimming

PLAYED BY BOTH!PLAYED BY BOTH!

CRICKET, BLOOD SPORT, FIGHTINGCRICKET, BLOOD SPORT, FIGHTING

• Upper class had own teamsUpper class had own teams

• Workers employed for abilityWorkers employed for ability

• WagersWagers

POPULAR RECREATION POPULAR RECREATION ESSENTIALSESSENTIALS

• PP re re• LL ocalised ocalised• UU ncoded ncoded• CC ruel ruel• II rregular rregular

• CC ourtly/Popular ourtly/Popular• RR ural ural• OO ccupational ccupational• WW ager ager

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK

• Pick 3 activities from each classPick 3 activities from each class• Research, notes, case studies, U-tubeResearch, notes, case studies, U-tube• ““W” ‘sW” ‘s• Has it changed much from Pre 1800 Has it changed much from Pre 1800

to today? to today?

• Eg Mob football – Shrovetide Eg Mob football – Shrovetide (Ashbourne), Association Soccer(Ashbourne), Association Soccer

• Mob football today (21Mob football today (21stst century) century)

• Where, who, how – photograph!Where, who, how – photograph!

POPULAR SPORTS AND FESTIVALSPOPULAR SPORTS AND FESTIVALS

• Ashbourne Game -footyAshbourne Game -footy• Haxey Hood Game – chase hoodHaxey Hood Game – chase hood• Stamford Bull RunningStamford Bull Running• Robert Dover’s Games - festivalRobert Dover’s Games - festival• Hallaton Hare Pie ScrambleHallaton Hare Pie Scramble and Bottle Kicking Gameand Bottle Kicking Game• The Derby Game !?!The Derby Game !?!• Alnwick Game –folk footyAlnwick Game –folk footy• Lutterworth Mob HockeyLutterworth Mob Hockey• WIKIPEDIA / GOOGLE FOR MORE RULES/DETAILS WIKIPEDIA / GOOGLE FOR MORE RULES/DETAILS

ON EACH.ON EACH.

Social analysis and mainstream valuesSocial analysis and mainstream values

• Life was both hard and cheapLife was both hard and cheap

• Public Hangings were amongst the most Public Hangings were amongst the most popular Social Gatheringspopular Social Gatherings

• So, while the agricultural workers had neither So, while the agricultural workers had neither wealth wealth nor particularly nor particularly Good Health, Good Health, at least at least they had boththey had both Space Space andand Time Time-A feature that -A feature that was soon to changewas soon to change

• From the 1750’s, there began a move to the From the 1750’s, there began a move to the towns and the influence of the technical towns and the influence of the technical revolution began to be felt.revolution began to be felt.

• Sports such as the Sports such as the maypole, the harvest maypole, the harvest festivals, the church wakes festivals, the church wakes and various other and various other opportunities for a “bit of opportunities for a “bit of sport” did not transport sport” did not transport well to the grime of the well to the grime of the cities. People now had to cities. People now had to work long hours to keep a work long hours to keep a roof over their heads.roof over their heads.

Post 1800Post 1800

• IndustrializationIndustrialization

• UrbanisationUrbanisation

• TransportTransport

• Changes in societyChanges in society

• Impact on sports in both classes!Impact on sports in both classes!

• Swimming = Rivers to Baths (lower)Swimming = Rivers to Baths (lower)

• Real Tennis = “E”’sReal Tennis = “E”’s

Class System change Post Class System change Post Industrial (after 1800)Industrial (after 1800)

1.1. UpperUpper

2.2. Upper Middle – Middle – Lower MiddleUpper Middle – Middle – Lower Middle

3.3. WorkingWorking

Use correct names in right time zoneUse correct names in right time zone

SPORT AFTER 1800SPORT AFTER 1800

• The main thrust of the industrial The main thrust of the industrial revolution started in the middle of the revolution started in the middle of the C18th and continued through the C19th. C18th and continued through the C19th. During this time, the population shift to During this time, the population shift to the towns and cities that was triggered the towns and cities that was triggered by industrialization, saw England move by industrialization, saw England move from being an Agricultural economy to an from being an Agricultural economy to an Industrial one. The changes were not only Industrial one. The changes were not only economic, the structure of society also economic, the structure of society also changed which influenced changed which influenced recreational recreational patternspatterns across the classes. across the classes.

Social analysis and mainstream Social analysis and mainstream valuesvalues• The impact of such overwhelming change The impact of such overwhelming change

in economic and industrial terms clearly in economic and industrial terms clearly had social impact.With both had social impact.With both TimeTime and and SpaceSpace now severely curtailed, life changed now severely curtailed, life changed dramatically for the working family.dramatically for the working family.

• A new Urban Middle Class emerged A new Urban Middle Class emerged (Industrialists, Entrepreneurs, (Industrialists, Entrepreneurs, Professionals, Managers ) and their values Professionals, Managers ) and their values and attitudes were different from those of and attitudes were different from those of the pre industrial Peasant or Gentry Farmerthe pre industrial Peasant or Gentry Farmer

•With the move to the Towns, the pattern of recreation for the Working classes changed drastically, but it was some time before this new change was addressed.

•The delay in the development of any meaningful infrastructure meant that for some time there was a certain amount of social disorder.

THE URBAN REVOLUTIONS

• Sport was going through major Sport was going through major change due to societal changechange due to societal change

• Sport and recreation found it’s way Sport and recreation found it’s way into the education system during the into the education system during the 1919thth century century

• Again must ask the “W” ‘sAgain must ask the “W” ‘s

• 22ndnd section on time line – section on time line –

““PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOL ATHLETICISM”ATHLETICISM”