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National Governments
andNational Environmental Policy
Global Environmental Policy- Module 2: National Environmental Policy
Governments
Business andIndustry
NGOs andCommunities
Module 1: Global
Environmental Policy
Module 2: National
Environmental Policy
Module 3: Local
Environmental Policy
Seminar Matrix
Today
National Governments and Sustainability
MEAs*
UNAgencies
InternationalConferences
NationalGovernments
Actionat the
local level
NGOs
Universities
Business andIndustry
MassMedia
* MEAs = Multilateral Environmental Agreements
Ｉ n a capitalist market economy, governments intervene to:
Eliminate unfair advantages/monopolies
Manage public spaces
Mitigate pollution
Provide safety nets
Provide social services
Along with the general public and the industry, governments are responsible for policy making.
Policy is one path to solving environmental problems.
Conduct and evaluate researchMonitor environmental qualitySet and enforce standards (e.g., for
pollutants)Assist local governments in meeting
standardsEducate the public
Seminar Matrix
National Governments : What can they do?
Governance
Education
Technology
NationalGovernments
Laws, legislation, rules, regulations, monitoring and evaluation,
Awareness, courses, seminars, publications, manuals, public dialogue,
Tech development, skills, finance and subsidies, capacity,
National Governments : GOVERNANCE
Governance
Education
Technology
Basic Laws
Laws
Some focus on everyone!
Other laws specifically focus on:• Companies• Business and trade• Local governments • Etc.
• Consumers/Citizens
National Governments : GOVERNANCE
Governance
Education
Technology
Basic Laws • Basic Environment Law • Japan Environment Corporation Law • Environmental Impact Assessment Law
Kankyo Kihon Keikaku
• to build a environmentally sound material cycle, where environmental load by human activities are minimized
• to secure a harmonious coexistence between humankind and diverse wildlife and natural environment
• to enhance participation of all the members of society in environmental conservation activities
• to enhance their international activities.
Governance
Education
Technology
Material Reduction • Basic Law for Establishing a Recycling-Based Society • Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods
and Services by the State and Other Entities • Law for Promotion of Effective Utilization of Recyclable Resources • Law for Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and
Packaging • Law for Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances • Food Recycling Law • Construction Materials Recycling Act • Waste Management (Disposal) and Public Cleansing Law • Law for the Control of Export, Import and Others of Specified Hazardous
Wastes and Other Wastes
National Governments : GOVERNANCE
Laws
National Governments: GOVERNANCE
Governance
Education
Technology
Earth / Ecology • Overview of Laws Concerning Natural Environment Conservation • Law Concerning the Promotion of Measures to Cope with Global Warming • Law Concerning the Protection of the Ozone Layer through the Control of
Specified Substances and Other Measures • Law Concerning the Recovery and Destruction of Fluorocarbons • Law on the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf • Law Relating to Protection of the Environment in Antarctica • Nature Conservation Law; Natural Parks Law; Forest Law • Basic Law on Forest and Forestry• Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law • Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora • Law Concerning the Protection and Control of Animals
Laws
National Governments: GOVERNANCE
Governance
Education
Technology
Energy & Transportation• Overview of Laws Concerning Energies • Electricity Utilities Industry Law • Gas Utility Industry Law • Atomic Energy Basic Law • Law concerning the Rational Use of Energy • Law on Temporary Measures to Promote Business Activities for the
Rational Use of Energy and the Utilization of Recycled Resources • Law Concerning Promotion of the Use of New Energy • Law Concerning Promotion of the Development and Introduction of
Alternative Energy • Road Transportation Vehicle Law
Laws
National Governments: GOVERNANCE
Governance
Education
Technology
Other laws exist on:
• Air• Water• Waste• Chemicals• Pollution• Land
http://www.japanfs.org/ja/japan/laws.html
MoreInformation from
Website:
Laws
National Governments: EDUCATION
Governance
Education
Technology
Environmental Education
... in Japan
Pollution by industrial
development Urban lifestyles and consumption
patterns
Global environmental
issues
National Governments: EDUCATION
Governance
Education
Technology Section II. 3-(3) Environmental Education and learning
• EE target: General Public, stress on the younger generation , community leader, NGO etc.
• EE contents: not only environmental pollution and nature conservation but also consumption, energy, food, human settlement, population, history, culture etc.
• EE orientation: towards a sustainable society.
• EE objective: to make learners investigate, think, learn and act by themselves through experiences.
• EE projects need collaboration with other groups.
Revised Basic Environment Plan (2000)
National Governments: EDUCATION
Governance
Education
Technology
1953 The first patient suffering from the Minamata Disease was discovered in the city of Minamata.
1967 The Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was enacted.
The National Association on Environmental Pollution Control Measure for Primary and Lower Secondary School Teachers was organized.
1968 "Kogai," or environmental pollution, was included in the national curriculum for the first time.
1969 The first Environment Pollution White Paper (KOGAI HAKUSYO) was published by the Government of Japan.
1970 The 64th Diet session was held, where the Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was revised.
National Governments: EDUCATION
Governance
Education
Technology
1971 The Environment Agency, Government of Japan, was established.
1992 Environmental Education Guide for the Primary School was published by the Ministry of Education.
1993 The Basic Environment Law was enacted.
1994 The Basic Environment Plan was established by the decision of the Japanese Cabinet.
1995 Junior Eco-Clubs (JEC) project was launched by Environment Agency. Environment Information and Communication Network (EIC) was launched.
1996 “Environment Counselor” as a human resource system, was launched. Global Environment Information Centre was opened.
National Governments: EDUCATION
Governance
Education
Technology
2000 The new Basic Environment Plan ─ a guide for a Century for Environment ─ was established by the Japanese Diet.
2001 Environment Agency was changed into Ministry of Environment.
2002 The new national curriculum standards (course of study) have been incorporated into primary and lower secondary school curriculum.
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Governance
Education
Technology
EnvironmentalProblem
Concern fromCitizens
Monitoring and
Checking
GovernmentalActionTechnology
Development
Governance
Education
Technology
• managing hazardous chemicals
• pollution control
• waste water treatment
• waste
• incinerator
• recycling
Technologybeing
developed for
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Governance
Education
Technology
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Eco Mark JapanThe Eco Mark is based on ISO14024, an international standard for environmentally sound products.
It considers the environmental impact of the products throughout its life cycle--from mining of resources to recycling of used products.
For example, more than 50% of the weight of the used product needs to be reusable or recyclable.
Governance
Education
Technology
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Governance
Education
Technology
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Governance
Education
Technology
ENVIRONMENTALTECHNOLOGY
Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs)
protect the environment, do not pollute,
use resources sustainably, and also recycle more of
their wastes and products.
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Governance
Education
Technology
ENVIRONMENTALTECHNOLOGY
trade showspatents
treatmentrecyclingresearchfunding
evaluationpolicies
ISO 14001life cycle assessment
monitoringpollution control
National Governments: TECHNOLOGY
Next session:
Module 2: National Environmental Policy
Governm
ents
Business andIndustry
NPOs a
ndCom
mun
ities
1 4 72 55 83 9
Class Matrix
What national environmental policies impact business and
industry? How do their activities impact the
environment? How can they help?
6
Governments
Business andIndustry
NPOs andCommunities
Module 1: Global
Environmental Policy
Module 2: National
Environmental Policy
Module 3: Local
Environmental Policy
Next session
Next …
Send me an email anytime!
Hari Srinivas
Class Communication …
IMPORTANT: When you send an email, please always put “[GEP]” in the subject line!
Resources, websites, ideas, notes will be available online:
www.gdrc.info/gep/
