Nationalism

Nationalism Characteristic #1

• People, who have a common ethnicity or common culture want to establish their own government, and no longer be ruled by a “foreign” monarch.

In central and eastern Europe, many ethnic groups were ruled by “foreign”

monarchies• Greeks were ruled by the Ottoman empire.• Italians were ruled by Hapsburg empire.• Serbians were ruled by the Ottoman empire and

the Hapsburg empire.• Germans were ruled by the Hapsburg empire.• Rumanians were ruled by the Ottoman empire and

the Hapsburg empire.

. . .and on and on and on.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Hapsburg monarchy controlled many ethnic groups in central

Europe

• Czechs

• Hungarians

• Germans

• Romanians

• Croats

• Italians

• Poles

• Slovaks

• Serbs

A map of the different ethnic groups and where they live in the Hapsburg empire

Nationalism Rule #2

Nationalism can unite several different groups of people into one,

single nation..

EXAMPLE: Germany in 1871 and Italy in 1870

Germany before unification

Italy before unification

Nationalism characteristic #3

The goal is to become more united, more powerful, and more secure against other nations.

Dangers of Nationalism

• Ethnocentrism

• Xenophobia – a fear of foreigners and foreign ideas

• Violence – desire to conquer others, commit war against others.

Positives of Nationalism

• Creates a strong sense of unity among people.

• Promotes democracy as people strive to determine what government they want for themselves.

• Values cultures, and cultural traditions that may have been not allowed under foreign rule.

Question?

How do nationalists gain their independence from a foreign power?

Fight!

Question?

Why would nationalism cause European nations to be more

imperialistic?

Answer: Nations constantly seek ways to be the most powerful.

Question?

How does an increase in imperialism and an increase in nationalism lead to

increased tension in Europe?

WORLD WAR ONE

• Increased violence in central Europe as different ethnic groups want freedom.

• Increased competition for empire in the world.

• Increased competition for military power in Europe as a symbol of national power.

• Increased ethnocentrism, xenophobia, and mistrust among all nations in Europe.