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NCAR/TN-196+IA NCAR TECHNICAL NOTE July 16, 1982 The IBM 4341: Gateway To NCAR Computers Editor: Gregory R. McArthur Technical Editors: Fred Clare Barb Horner Marie Working Margaret Drake SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING DIVISION NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH BOULDER, COLORADO I I 0

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Page 1: NCAR/TN-196+IA The IBM 4341: Gateway to NCAR Computers282... · 2015-10-16 · NCAR/TN-196+IA NCAR TECHNICAL NOTE July 16, 1982 The IBM 4341: Gateway To NCAR Computers Editor: Gregory

NCAR/TN-196+IANCAR TECHNICAL NOTE

July 16, 1982

The IBM 4341:Gateway To NCAR Computers

Editor: Gregory R. McArthur

Technical Editors: Fred ClareBarb HornerMarie WorkingMargaret Drake

SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING DIVISION

NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCHBOULDER, COLORADO

I

I

0

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ACKNOWlLEMENrS

As a general rule, revisions to previously published SCD documents are done onan "as needed" basis. Usually change pages are issued when specific portionsof a document are no longer accurate or, due to changes in software and/orhardware, becomne obsolete. In the case of the present guide "The IBM 4341:Gateway to NCAR Computers', it was decided early on that change pages wouldnot be sufficient to the task and that the entire document should be revised.A special ocmmittee was established to make reocmnendations for the technicalcontent of the guide and to suggest revisions which would substantiallyimprove its information content.

The revisions were more than cosmetic. Understanding of the IBM 4341 by SCDpersonnel had improved markedly since the publication of the first version ofthis document (entitled "Interactive Computing on the IBM 4341") in Novemberof 1981. This knowledge has enable6 us to produce a new guide which is moreaccurate in its description of the IBM 4341 system, contains more usefulinformation than the previous version, and gives the user greater direction inimplementing sane of the most essential tasks on the IBM 4341.

Striving to make this version better than its predecessor has been the maingoal of a small but dedicated group of specialists within the Scientific Cam-puting Division at NCAR without whose assistance this guide would never haveseen the light of day. In particular, grateful acknowledgement must be madeto Fred Clare, Barb Horner, and Marie Working for their careful reading andskillful manipulation of the text for this guide. Their ideas for improvingthe usefulness and readability of this version has made my editorial jobdecidedly easier. Special thanks must also be given to Margaret Drake for herguidance on SCD policy with regard to the intended use(s) of the IBM 4341 sys-tem and for writing the narrative on the 4341 as a Gateway Machine. Finally,the editor wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Ann Cowley for her supportof the Documentation Project.

Gregory R. McArthurEditor

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THE IBM 4341: GATEWAY TO NCR COMPTSERSble ao <ontens

apwt 1: fA i m-0 w 1O TOFi II 4341 RurCrI SXS9rm E

THE 4341 AS A GATEWAY MADCINE..... .................. ............. 1-.Communications Facilities ....-.-.............................. 1-1Code Development Tools.. * ......................................... 1-1Job Management Services..................................... . 1Information Services........................................ 1-1System Configuration....................... ..... . . .. 1-2The 4341 Operating System........................ ........ .*. ... 1-2

VIRrUAL MACHINE CQONCEPS. 0 ...........'".......................... .1-4What is a Virtual Machine?................. 1-4The Control Program .............. ................. *** 1-5

INTERACTIVE FEATURES- *-................................-........--. . 0..1-6The Conversational Monitor System (CMS) ....... ..... ............................ 1-6CMS System Editor: XEDI'Tr.. ................................... 1-6CM S System Editor: XEDIT . . .......The Disk Unit: DASD.. ................ ..... .... \ 1-7The Disk Unit: DASD 1-7Minidisks .............................................. 9 l-7Virtual Machine Central Memory..... ...... ... .. g.e......'' 1-7

RJE FEATURES: RSCS . . ........................................ 1-7FILES UNDER CMBS ................................ * o..... 1-7

Filenames e...............R te e.......... e eeee *e00ee 1-8Filetypes .............................. ............ ...... 1-8Filemodee .. e eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 1-8Filemode Character .................. ...... g ......... .... 1-8Filemode Digit ....................................../ 9 1-8

Chapter 2: GEfTIr;i 9L f H Ds B 434 1u

IN etRtMD gCT ION ......... .0.0g....... ego................ 2-1ESTABLISHING A DIRECriORY ENTR ..egee ..o....g............ ....... ./2-1USING THE PACX adasr........................................ eg 2-1

How to Establish a CoEmunications Link . ... ........ g.. .. ggog 2-1Using the PACX from Remote Sites ...................................... 2-3

LOGGING ON*O THE 4341 . ........................................ . . 2-3Line Mode Logon1.................................\\\\\\\\ 2-4Full-screen Logon .................................. - -@-@--@-e! * ***2-4Getting Cromands into the System......e g g .e.............. ........... .. 2-4The Terminaln Lnu........................... ... e... .. .... 2-4Your Logon name and Password................. ... ....'. ... .2-4

INITIAL LOGON PROCEDEES ........................................ \ 2-5Formatting Your Virtual Disks................................ . . \\\ 2-5Your PROFILE EXEC . ........................... ** 2-5

SP~................................... ~2-5Cammunicating with VU/SP .......................................... 2-6CP Cammand Language......................................./'.. 9 2-6CP Ccnmmand Structure....................... ................. . . * . 2-6The CMS Cammand Language....................................* * * * ^ 2-7

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CM Cmmand Structure.. ...... ........... 27The Command Name ....................... '''*..** .............. 2-7Ccramand Operands............................2-7Specific CMS Commands ...................... *0000000.. 2-8

USING YOUR VIRrUL MCINE. .. . ............................. 2Virtual Unit Record Devices.. .·....... . . ....-----..........O g .... 2-8Same Useful Ccmmands.............e .. *,ae.. .e.... .a 2-9Permanent Virtual Disks........................, 2-10Temporary Virtual Disks........................... 2-10Sharing Virtual Disks .. 2... '-........... ......... 2-10Accessing Your Virtual Disks via CP or 4SB ............. ............ 2-10Releasing Virtual Disks................ .................... .. 2-12

OTHER HELPFmL INFORMATIoN.............. *********-*****....·........ 2-12Special Characters ...... .......... ................. 2-12Interrupt and Resume. 0 ....................... * *00 0* 2-13Full-Screen Interrupt and Resume.......... 20............. .g 0 . 2-13Line Mode Interrupt and Resume ......... ... *.**** ........ . 2-13Terminating Output Displays -...........3 ** 000........e * . 2-13Logging Off vs. Turning Off ... 3........... *Oeegg g* 2-13

Ch t 3: p F 3

IN-OverviO f thP....................' .' * · ·............... 3-Overview of the HELP Facility. 3-1

The Command Form........... . ..... 31HELP MENUS... .... *'S'- --*0000 -: -:00000--- 3............... 3-4Using the HELP Facility in Full Screen Mode**. '**0 3-5Using the PF Keys ...................... .......... 3-5Using the HELP Facility in Line Mode. 00000000"'0@ 00**eoe@o * 0e 3-7Example.. '.. g..... g -7

RELATED PUBLICRTIN-S-----.-------------::::..:..:.............:....... 3- 7

aer 4: rim__ ~W ~K In~ 4341

INTR D.C.ION.......g. @....... '....... ... @00................ 4-1Who Can Use the Full-Screen or Line Editor? .............0**0*00*** *** 4-1POFILEr XEDIT ........ ·............... ................... 4-2THE IBM 4341 LINE EDITOR. ....... e ............o e .4-2The XEDIT Commnand: Creating and Editing Files......................4-2

INPT Subco and............................................ 4-3Enter INPU T J........................ 0000..... 4-3

E x i t I N PU T .. . . . . .. ... ....... g 00 .. 0 0 0 . ... g e O O O @ 0 0 *-0 4 4

Line Pointer ......................... *4-7*

Moving Through a File. .4......... . ee.*0 *" ". .* " 00 @000 4-7TYPE SubTomm and...................... ...... 7.......UP and DOW Subcoom.ands ............. *....*. 4-8TOP and BT Cm Subco ands......................... 4-9MAKING CHANGES IN A FILE...........".............. 4-10

m t^ ^ ^ vo e o o e o o e o e e e e e e e *ee e e e e e e o e *e e *eo e e e e e o *e e e e o e e e e . U 7

I-ne u;jbjmL Suc mand .OOOOOoeog****0@eog * ** oooe ** 4-10CHANGE Su4n1and .............. 0......

Table of Contents July 16, 1982-2-

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Changing One Word to Another ...................... ............. . 4-10Making a Global Change............................................... 4-11Making a Selective Change ...................... 4......... . -11

INSERTING AND DELErING LINES............................... ... .........* .. * 4-12Inserting A Line ................................................. 4-12Deleting Lines. .............................. 4-14Lost and Found Department..... ......... .................... 4-14Replacing a Line................................................. 4-15

MOVE Subccuouand............................******........ 4-15COPY SuLb4-17.................................

ENDING AN EING NG SESSION .............................G........ 4-17FILE Subccmmxand.................................................. . 4-17SAVE Subcommand ............................... 4-17QUIT Subcommand.......................................... 4-17

THE IBM 4341 FULL-SCREEN EDITOR.. .. ............................ ...... 4-18The XEDIT Screen Layout ................................. 00. 4-18File Identification Line ................................. .. . 4-19The Message Line. . ................................................ 4-19The Ccmmand Line ................................... 4-19The Status Area ....................... ......................... 4-20The Prefix Area *........................................... 4-20The Current Line........................................//. 9 .. 9 . 9 4-20The Scale...... ... ... ................................. 4-20Using the Program Function (PF) Keys...................... .. ............ 4-20Displaying the PF Key Menu........................................... 4-21

PF6: Redisplaying a Subccomand......... ..................../.'.'./. 4-21PF7 and PF8: Scrolling Backward and Forward........................ 4-22PF9: Re-executing a Subccouand............... 0........................ 4-22

How to Enter Data: The INPUtr Subocoand .................... ..... ...... . 4-22How to Use PREFIX Suboorands . ...........A ................. ... 0 4-23The 'AA Prefix Subocand ........... .................t.. 0e@*@@ 4-24The 'D' Prefix Subcrooand .................................. ..... .. 4-24

Moving and Copying and Copying Lines ............................ 4-24Canceling Prefix Subc.mmands.... *0 ................... 0..........\o@0* 4-27The / (Diagonal) Prefix Subcc and ................................... 4-27

ADDITICNAL USEFUL SUBCOMMANDSr......................................... ...... 4-27Inserting Data from Another File... ........................................ 4-27Inserting a Whole File............ ..................... ..... 4-27Inserting Part of Another File ......... · 2........... 4-28SET AUTOSAVE Subconand.................................... 4-31Setting Tabs ................................................. 4-32

SUMMARY OF XEDIT COMMANS.................... .............. . 4-33Summary of XEDIT Subset..... ............................. ............... 4-34

Chapter 5: IM 4341 CORO D lIGU3M MLRFL Efrr

EXEC 2 .............................................. .. 5-1How is an EXEC File Created? . ....................... ............ 5-1What Constitutes an EXEC File? ........................................... 5-1How Do EXECs Work? 5................... .................. 5-2Pranpting the User for Input..................... wa r ............ . .. 5-2Using Variables and Arguments in EXECs................................. . 5-3

Table of Contents -3- July 16, 1982

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An Example of Submitting Input to an EXC ................... 53Calling an EXEC ............... **--.................. 4**

THE EXEC 2 LANGUAGE ..................................... 5-5&TRACE ........................................ .. .**********....* ..... 5-5&TYPE, &PRINT ·. ****************....**************.....****.** 5-5&EIT ................................-........... S-5&IF...-„. * **** .**@************* *********************.*....., $5-

5-6

&SRP. ................ .................. ......... 5-

SREAD. .OO..O......O.......OOO..*@.........**** ****,**^^^^^*** 5-7&SThCK .................................... 5-8

The PROFILE EXECo........................................... 5-8OThe CM S * *.0 e * 0 * * O 00* *O e O O Oe e 0 0 , , 0aae 0 **O 0 , 0 00 0 , 5-10

P .,E XED3................................,,,,,........... ,1s

R Efj ..................... ,,,, ...................... 1

The P1EEC'**eeeeo@ee@eseoeeeeereeeerss ss**@e@@ 5-8

Chabir 6: TMIS AM qwI g NM)Et M 1 c gn.NTRDO CTION ........... ...... 0.....0 0 00 0 0000000.. 00

Using FDCILEDEFS.................. ..............................MONTING A PYSICL TAPE*. ......... *** *..* ... ******0*. *** . .

Getting Your Program onto Your Disk From Tape........................MANIPULATING S FILES..*o.*ooeo.eoeo.. . ee.oo...o....*oo

What is a Spool File?.........................,,......,..*.*The RR C and........... .........................The RDRX Cmmand...............................................Getting Your Program onto Your Disk From Cards........................

SUBMITTING A JOB TO TE CRAY-1A FROM THE 43410*0000000000 0 0000000Using the CRAYJOB Exc. .0000 0 . . 00 * "*******.0Sending the File to the CRAY- .......................................

GRAPHICS UTILITEcS ON THE IBM 4341Previewing Plot Files Generated on the CDC7C007......."" .00.. **Previewing Plot Files Generated on the CRAY-1A.......** .,*

USING D AINTS.E. ......................... 0 *00000000000000000 .. laI 0Changing Disk Access Mode Password .............. *

USING FLIST ...................................... ......... 0....... 4USeING BROWSE ie e RAA.E..................................... (

T CMS I EG t u CN D ............................................................CMS SUBSEi: ANOccER IBM s .............................. . . (

6-16-16-16-36-36-46-46-46-46-56-56-66-66-66-66-76-76-86-86-95-105-115-115-115-11

Table of Contents July 16, 1982-4-

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1cPrEK1: M

~ 4341 AS A%Qf - SC

The IBM 4341 was installed in June 1981 to provide betterand more versatile access to the large computers withinthe Scientific Ccmputing Division at NCAR. The 4341 sys-tem is designed to provide an interactive environment forcode development and job preparation for the CRAY-1A andthe CDC 7600 mainframes. The service can be viewed as afront-end or "gateway" facility for these batch machines.

The system offers four general services to the user:cnmunication facilities, code development tools, jobmanagement utilities, and information services.

CommunicationsFacilities

Code DevelopmentTools

Job ManagementServices

InformationServices

The communication facilities provide interactive accessfram a variety of ASCII and IBM terminals that are con-nected through local networks, dial-up facilities, and anational packet switching network (available in thewinter of 1982-83). A remote job entry service alsooffers a variety of protocols to replace and expand theservice available on the MODCOMP II computer.

The code development tools include editors, file manage-ment facilities, and software tools to help the userdesign a personal environment for project development.

The job management services support job preparation, sub-mission of work to the batch machines over the high speednetwork, and job output facilities for character orgraphics files that can be sent to your terminal and/orto hard copy devices like the DICOMED graphics system.

Finally, the system offers a variety of informationsources such as a mail service, help facilities for tu-torial and reference materials, and a general news ser-vice.

The emphasis on this "gateway" service is to create abetter environment for computer project development andinformation processing. These tasks will be given prior-ity and software support will be concentrated in theseareas. In addition to these services, a modest facilityfor tape processing will be provided, and a few computa-tional facilities that demand interactive access will beavailable. The service, however, will concentrate on thegateway services until greater capacity can be obtained.

Introduction July 16, 1982-1-

nw RRXvXKr s

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Figure 1.1 (opposite) illustrates the configuration ofthe IBM 4341 computing system. As installed at NCAR, thesystem has a central memory of 8 megabytes, 4,000 mega-bytes of disk storage, and 6 magnetic tape drives: 4drives are 6250/1600 bpi (@ 200 ips), 1 drive is 1600/800bpi (@ 200 ips), and 1 is a seven-track 556/800 bpi (@125 ips) tape drive. An 800 cpm card reader and a 1200lpu line-printer are also installed.

There are two cnmunications controllers, an IBM 3705 andan IBM Series/. Asynchronous, full-screen editing (asopposed to individual line mode) capabilities are provid-ed by the Series/I and a PDP 11/34 which is attached tothe IBM 3705. The 3705 handles bisynchronous cimmunica-tions with remote IBM 3270 series controllers, computers,and terminals as well as asynchronous lcmmunications withlocal terminals. The Series/i and the PDP 11/34 are usedto cnect a variety of local asynchronous ASCII CRr ter-minals to the system. The Series/1 adds sane intelli-gence to the work of these terminals, making them look tothe 4341 like IBM 3270-type terminals. Among otherthings, this enables users to take advantage of the full-screen editing capability of the system editor.

All %ommunications lines, both local and remote, are phy-sically connected to the @GNDALF PACX (for more informa-tion, see Chapter 2). When communication with the IBMsystem is initiated, either by WJE dial-up or by the ini-tial interactive log-on procedure, the PACX connects yourline to a port on either the 3705, 11/34, or Series/Icomputers.

3e 431 OperatingBloomawaM

The IBM 4341 uses the VM/SP operating system (the ini-tials stand for Virtual Machine/System Product). Thisoperating system supervises the operation of a number of"virtual machines". A unique "virtual machine" is creat-ed for each interactive user and it is tailored to hisparticular requirements.

Introduction July 16, 1982

APU---AL

-2-

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Figure 1.1Hardware Configuration of the IBM 4341 System

(as of July 16, 1982)

NCAR IBM 4341 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION

Introduction July 16, 1982

_ ___ __ I

L _sL_ s A.

-4

-3-

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lhCt is a VirtualMactinse?

Using the IBM 4341 effectively requires sane understand-ing of how the machine is structured conceptually. Theseconcepts are important because they determine how you canbest use the 4341.

A Virtual Machine ("M") is an I3M concept unique in theoApting industry. Essentially, each user of the 4341computer has his own computing "machine" tailored to meethis individual Aonputing needs. This includes "virtualcard readers", "virtual card punches", "virtual disks",etc. The 4341 computer will create as many individualvirtual computers as there are users accessing the sys-tem. Clearly, these are not "real" computers, physicallyresident in the machine roan at NAR. But as far as you,the user, are concerned, you may consider the omnputingmachine you are working with as your own private cnput-er. You have at your disposal a "virtual" (as opposed toan actual) computing machine.

Each of these virtual machines must be acommo;dated onthe sane real coputer and the characteristics of thevarious virtual machines are restricted by the limita-tions of that hardware. The concept of virtual storage,in which central memory overlays are handled by theoperating system (VM/SP) and are invisible to the user,is a part of the virtual machine concept.

Since the virtual machine concept is somewhat unusual, itwill be worthwhile to illustrate the VM environment onAR's IBM 4341. Figure 1.2 (opposite) shows the general

features of the operating system on the IBM 4341.

Introduction July 16, 1982-4-

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The Control Program (or "CP") supervises and coordinatesthe operation of the various virtual machines. CP actu-ally handles all of the real input and output processingfor your virtual machine. In addition, CP has a commandlanguage which is accessible to you and permits you toaccess real CP facilities required by your virtualmachine (e.g. various peripheral devices). In short, allmanagement of the real resources of the computer is han-dled by CP, e.g. disk and tape I/O, memory management,card reading, line printing, etc. Figure 1.3 (over)shows a typical organization of the real machine operat-ing under the control program (CP) of VM/SP.

Introduction July 16, 1982

Figure 1.2VM/SP Operating System on the IBM 4341

RSCS CMS IPCSVM/SP

cP

1. In the Virtual Machine environment, multiple operating systems can residein the computer at the same time. At NCAR the RSCS (Remote Spooling Comnuni-cations Subsystem), IPCS (Interactive Problem Control System used primarily bysystems programmers), and the CMS (Conversational Monitor System) constitutethe VM/SP operating system.

2. Each operating system shares the real resources of the S03 computer facil-ity.

3. The Control Program (CP) determines how these resources will be sharedamong the various operating systems.

PrcOgrACadp-

B�OQI�B�PI�BII�·BOIIOII�Pssl I-� ---� � _ � � � � I

- _ __ 4

~k

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CM is one of several operating systems which CP canmanage on the 4341, but it is the only system supportedon the NCAR IBM 4341.

When you log onto the 4341, the operating system (VM/SP)automatically creates an interactive virtual machine,operating under CMS, for you. The system does this bylooking into your "CMS directory" which is set up for youwhen you are authorized to use the 4341 at NCAR. TheDirectory contains information about specific parameterswhich you have selected for your virtual machine (e.g.disk allocation requirements, the number of virtual disks- called "minidisks", unit record equipment such as avirtual card reader, card punch, and/or virtual lineprinter, etc.).

06 Systa I UtxxI IL"m n' Within CMS, you have access to the system editor XEDIT.If you came in through the SERIES/1 or the PDP 11/34, youwill have access to the full screen editing capability ofXEDIT. If you come in through the IBM 3705, you will beable to use only the line editing capability of XEDIT.XEDIT has many features too numerous to mention here. Aworking subset of the most important of them is given inChapter 4.

Introduction July 16, 1982-6-

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MTe Distk Unit

NDRDw

Cietral N

rFIE IS O Qu

In IBM terminology, a disk unit is referred to as aDirect Access Storage Device (or DASD). A DASD may con-tain frcm one to many virtual DASDs which are referred toas minidisks. The important distinction to make is thatCMS treats each virtual disk (the minidisks) as if itwere a real disk unit. It is the Control Program (CP)which maintains the correspondence between real and vir-tual addresses on the DASD.

All virtual machines have at least one permanent mini-disk. This minidisk is adequate for the storage of anumber of batch job files or relatively small programs.Each minidisk is assigned a three digit hexadecimalnumber called a device code. Minidisk 191 is your ownpermanent disk file space and it can be accessed both forreading and writing.

The disk capacity of a minidisk is defined in terms ofphysical blocks of 512 bytes each. Logical blocks mayvary in size but the CMS default block size is 1024bytes.

Although you have a firmly fixed limit on your permanentdisk storage allocation, you may access additionalstorage on a temporary basis by creating temporary mini-disks of sufficient capacity to meet the need. For exam-ple, if you have a plot file in your virtual reader whichis too large to load onto a permanent minidisk, you cancreate a temporary disk and load it onto that. At log-off time these temporary minidisks disappear, so theymust not be used for storing permanent files.

Additional permanent disk space may be allocated to auser. Application for additional space should be made inwriting to the Director of the SCD, explaining why theadditional space is required.

The "central memory" of the virtual machine is initiallyset to 756 K bytes. The maximum amount of virtualstorage available to any user is 1216 K bytes.

RSCS (Remote Spooling Ccainunications Subsystem) is thevirtual machine that processes jobs submitted by a remotejob entry terminal for onward transmission to the CRAY-1or CDC 7600 machines.

CMS files are uniquely identified by three parameters.These are the filename (fn), filetype (ft), and filemode(fim). These three quantities define the fileid.

Introduction -7- July 16, 1982

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In CS, filenames consist of one-to-eight characters.The characters permitted are the alphabetic characters A-Z, $, and the ten digits 0-9. You may start the filenamewith a number if you wish.

Filetyp

Fln

Filemode Character

Filemode Digit

The filetype is a string of one-to-eight alphameric char-acters as in the filename. Several filetypes are specialto the system (for example FORTRAN). Please refer to Ap-pendix [B] for a list of these special filetypes. Sincesane B cxmnands will operate only on files of the ap-propriate type, it is important to know these types offiles and to use them correctly. Otherwise the filetypecan be regarded as an extension to the filename. If youfail to specify a filetype, you will receive a message soindicating.

The filemnde consists of a two character string of whichthe first is the filemode character (alphabetic A-Z) andthe second is the filemode digit (numeric 0-5). The de-fault filemode character is A and the default filemodedigit is 1.

The alphabetic character designates to QMS the minidiskon which the file resides. Minidisk 191 is normallydesignated the A disk. The system minidisks 190 and 19Ehave filemide letters S and Y, respectively. When otherminidisks, either permanent or temporary, are created, aunique filemode letter must be specified.

The filemode digit defines the type of permitted file ac-cess. It may also be used by the creator of the file todesignate a particular family of files that can then bemanipulated as a group by appropriate commands. Themeanings of the filemode digits are as follows:

0: A fileaode digit of 0 makes the file PRIVATE andprevents users, other than the file creator, franreading that file even though these users may havebeen given read access to the minidisk. This levelof security, however, is not too high. There areother ways to get to the file once read access tothe minidisk is given.

1: This is the GENERAL DAULT filemode digit and hasno particular significance.

2: Used to designate a FAMILY OF FILES.

3: Files with filemode digit three are ERASED afterthey are read!! This filenode digit should be usedwith great care. If used with a file with filetypeEXEC the result is unpredictable. It should be used

Introduction -8- July 16 r 19 8

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in programs which create files that are needed onlyonce; in this case it eliminates the need to erasethe file to prevent it occupying permanent filespace unnecessarily.

4: Designates IBM OS simulated DATA SET format.

5: Used in the same way as 2 to designate a FAMILY OFFILES.

Introduction July 16, 1982-9-

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Cl 2: WMa -m (N IM 4341

This chapter presents basic information andhow to begin using the IBM 4341 canputer.couraged to read this entire section beforeaccess the otmputer.

techniques onYou are en-

attempting to

Before you can use the 4341, you must establish a direc-tory entry which indicates to the 4341 system directoryyour existence as a user. You may obtain the DirectoryEntry Form fran the SCD Consulting Office (ext. 579).

The Private Autanatic Conputer exchange (PACX) is NCAR'sport selection device. The PACX autnmatically assignsyou to a specific port or access channel, depending uponwhich computing machine you wish to use. You must usethe PACX to first establish a ccmnunications link betweenyour terminal and a target NCAR omnputer. Hence, youneed to interact first with the PACX before you can beginusing the IBM 4341.

Depending on the terminal you are using, the followingprocedure will permit you to establish a canunciationslink to the 4341 (NOTE: these instructions are notrelevant to users of the Packet Switching Network whiicwill be available in the Winter of 1982-83):

1. Turn the power on to your terminal.

2. Initiate a connection with the PACX. The key whichinitiates a connection is terminal dependent. Forexample, for a Perkin-Elmer 1100 or 1200 series ter-minal it is the on/off "LINE" key; for and A1M3+ the"HERE IS" key; for sane terminals it may be the"BREAK" key. Depressing the appropriate key foryour terminal-type will alert the PACX that you wishto initiate a connection.

3. Press the REUN key.

4. The PACX will respond with ENER CLASS:Only one class may be specified at a time.valid classes are:

The

Getting Started July 16, 1982

i ;DRBISn A

Bo bto stahlih amc vl-im

-1-

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VALD Em S CLASS E FOR E X

Class Device

110 I 3705

Description

Communications Controllerpermits acess to the 4341,with line editing capabilities.

Baud Duplex Parity

30012002400

Half Even

IBMSeries/I

PDP 1/34

Permits access to theIBM 4341 with full-screenediting capabilities.

Simulates the Series/I andpermits access to the IBM4341 with full-screenediting capabilities

12009600

12009600

Full

Full

Even

Even

5. Enter the desired class, followed by a REURN.

Notes:

a) The PACX echoes the class code as it is entered.Alphanumeric aliases are allowed for the numericCLASS DES. For example, for the Series/1computer you need only specify Oi' instead of '120'.

b) Incorrect entries caused by the user or byan inproperly onfigured terminal will receivean "INVALID RESPNiSE" reply and the querywill be repeated.

c) You have three opportunities of up to 20 secondseach to be connected or queued.

d) Entering 03Tr or Q will cause a disconnect.

6. Once you have selected your CLASS,respond as follows:

the PACX will

Getting Started July 16, 1982

120or

win

130or

n s"

_ I_

I

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PACX SYSTEM RESPONSE TO ENrRY CLASS CODE

System Response Meaning

CLASS xxx START

CLASS xxx UNASSIGIENTER CLASS

CLASS xxx UNAVAILAEENrER CLASS

CLASS xxx RESTRICzIENTER CLASS

CLASS xxx BUSYor

CLASSQUEUE

Ixx BLOCKEDSIZE xxxx DO

You are connected (xxx is the class entered)NOE: A CONECTICN IS AUtMTICALLY BROKE OFF AFTER

A 10 MINUTE IDLE PERIOD!

3D No ports are assigned in that classSelect another class

3.LE This class is temporarily unavailableSelect another class

2:D Access to that class is restrictedSelect another class

All ports of thatclass are busy, butyou may queue. Enter

YOU WISH TO QUEUE? Y[es] to queue, N[o]to select a new class.

1KB: Queued terminals receive periodic queue positionreports. When service is available, the STARr messagewill be received. Should service of that class fail orbecome unavailable while you are on the queue, you willreceive an appropriate message and will be prcmpted toselect a new class.

Using theflc. fl~e Sites

4341

If you are at a remote site, you will be entering thePACX through telephone lines. Once you hear the connect-ing signal, depress the carriage return key on your ter-minal. This signals the PACX that you are ready to ini-tiate a terminal session. The PACX will echo with the"ENTER CLASS" pranpt described above. Enter the ap-propriate class as indicated above and proceed with yourterminal session.

If you are accessing the IBM 4341 through the GandalfPACX and through the Series/1 or 11/34 you will have fullscreen editing capabilites. If your access is throughthe 3705 via dial-up connection you may be using theequivalent of a TTY terminal and have only line editingcapabilities. The logon procedure looks quite differentdepending on which mode of access you have available.

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Line Mode Logon

Fu-screen Logon

i ) ti ssysut

an tr -mM nao

If the CLASS C3E you enter is accepted and you are inline mode, you will be assigned a port by the PACX foryour terminal session. The PACX will issue the "CLASSxxx STARr" prompt and the "VM/370" logo will appear onyour screen. To initiate the logon sequence, depress theRETURN key once. This will clear the VM/370 logo franthe screen and place you in the CP envirornent. You maythen enter your logon nane and pasword following theperiod (.) prompt.

If you are in full-screen mode, and the CLASS CODE youentered is accepted, the PACX will assign you to a port.Next, the system will query you for your terminal-type.Enter the appropriate code for your terminal (if youdon't know what terminal-types are supported, simplypress R and the system will provide you with a menuof accepted terminals). After you have entered theterminal-type, the "M/370" logo will appear on yourscreen. To initiate the logon sequence, depress the RE-TtJ7 key once. This will clear the VM/370 logo franm thescreen and place you .in the CP envirornment. Logon bytyping 'logon followed by your logon name. You may alsotype in your password at this time but it will not bemasked. If you wish to conceal your password, simplydepress REiTRN, sending your logon name to CP and it willthen ask you for (and mask) your password.

Before you can use CP and CMS, you should know (1) how tooperate your terminal and (2) your userid (user identifi-cation) and password.

There are many types of terminals you can use as a VM/SPvirtual console. Before you can conveniently use any ofthe commands and facilities described in this guide, youhave to familiarize yourself with the terminal you areusing and know which access mode you are going to be us-ing (e.g. full-screen or line mode).

In this guide, examples and usage notes assume that youare using an ASCII screen terminal (such as a Perkin-Elmer 1100 or an AM4 3a+). Examples will be given ofboth full screen mode and line mode for some procedures.See Appendix [A] for supported terminal keyboard tem-plates.

Your logon name is a character string that identifiesyour virtual machine to VM/SP and allows you to gain ac-cess to the system. Your password is another characterstring which serves to protect your virtual machine andthe files existing on your minidisks fran unauthorizedaccess by other users. Your logon name and initial pass-word are installed in the system directory by a systemprogrammner fraom the information you provided them in the

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Directory Entry Form discussed previously.

INDTAL To

PInm MttIij YaoVirtul Disks

Ygo BEUX3 EZc

There are several tasks which you should accamplish inyour initial terminal session. These are formatting yourvirtual disks and setting up your "PROFJLE EXEC".

The virtual disks assigned to you may now be formatted.Formatting causes your disks to be set up in terms ofdisk space and the associated system tables such that youcan use the disk under CMS. OB: Formatting virtualdisks is a one-time operation, doing it on subsequent lo-gons will destroy any files resident on your virtualdisks. An NCAR EXEC has been written to FORMAT yourdisks for you. This EXEC is called IAMNEW. To formatyour disks type:

iamnew <return>

This exec will also copy a default PROFILE EXEC to yourA-disk. Now your disks are formatted.

An EXEC is a file which is executable in QMS. An EXECmust have a filetype of EXEC. One EXEC is executed atthe time of logon with no special action taken on yourpart. This special EXEC is the PROFILE EXEC and itshould reside on your A disk, thus its full name is:

PROFILE EXEC A

A default PROFILE EXEC was executed and moved to your A-disk for you when you logged on as a new user and exe-cuted IAMNEW. There are also various classes of users onthe system. You, as a general user (class G), may issueCP system commands to control the operating system run-ning in your virtual machine much like an operator con-trols the entire VM/SP operating system using keys andswitches on the system console. As you become more fami-liar with the system there will be commands you will wantto add to or delete fran the POFILE EXEC (for moreinformation, refer to Chapter 5 of this Guide.)

WU/SP A virtual machine is the functional equivalent of a realcomputer that you control from your terminal. The systemon the SCDQs IBM 4341 that enables you to control your"virtual machine" is the Virtual Machine/System Product(VM/SP). VM/SP is camprised of the Control Program (CP),the Conversational Monitor System (CMS), and two othersystems, RSCS and IPCS.

Of interest to the general user are the two cariandlanguages CP (Control Program) and CMS (ConversationalMonitor System). CP controls the resources of the realmachine; that is, the physical computer in the machine

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roon. It also manages the communications among virtualmachines, and between a virtual machine and the real sys-tem. (SCM is the interactive operating system designedspecifically to run under CP.

Qmi~0iiiug with When you are running your virtual machine under VM/SP,MWSP each command or request for work that you enter on your

terminal is processed as it is entered; usually, youenter one command at a time and commands are processed inthe order that you enter them.

You can enter CP commands fran either the CP or CMS en-viroCnent, but you cannot enter CMS commands while in theCP environment. Thus most of your work will be done inthe CMS environment. There are times, however, when youmay inadvertently end up in the CP environment, so it isimportant to know how to get back to CMS.

You ma gt to CP franom typi ng in "s" and Youget to CMS fran ? p in "b" (egin).

After you have typed or keyed in the line you wish toenter, you press the "return" key on the keyboard. Whenyou press this key, the line you have entered is passedto the command environment (e.g. CM(S or CP) in which itwill be processed. If you make a mistake entering a com-mand line, VM/SP tells you what your mistake was, and youmust correct and enter the line again.

You can enter commands using any combination of uppercaseand lowercase characters; VM/SP translates your input touppercase. *o: Examples in this chapter show all user-entered input lines in lowercase characters and systemresponses in uppercase characters.

P The control program (CP) component of VM/SP has its ownTL t_ commnand language. Much like any other language, the CP

comnand language has a set of rules and structures.

C _ A VM/SP command consists of a command name, usually fol-$Stctxe~ lowed by one or more positional operands. The general

form of the CP commnnand line is:

C(AME [operand [operand...]]

where CNAME is the command name. You must use one ormore blanks to separate each entry in the command lineunless otherwise indicated. The commiand operands arekeywords and positional operands of no more than eightalphameric characters each.

If, for example, you are receiving printed output at yourterminal and do not want to be interrupted by messages

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from other users, you can enter the following:

set msg off

to refuse messages, since it is CP that handles camiuni-cation among virtual machines. In this example "set" isthe command name and "msg" and "off" are both operands.

eC ag The CS cammand language allows you to create, modify anddebug problems or application programs and to manipulatedata files.

(B ccmmands allow you to read cards fran a virtual cardreader, punch cards to a virtual card punch, and printrecords on a virtual printer. Many ccmmands are providedto help you manipulate your virtual disks and files.

St r1EbxA (C cammand is similar in format to the CP ccamnands.That is, it consists of a command name, usually followedby one or more positional operands, but in many cases the(24 cinmand includes an option list.

CNAME [operands... [(options...]

where CNAME is the command name. You must use one ormore blanks to separate each entry in the coinand lineunless otherwise indicated.

The ccmmand name (CNAME) is an alphameric symbol of oneto eight characters. The names are based on verbs thatdescribe the function you want the system to perform.For example, you may want to find out the names of your(C files. In this case, you would use the LISTFILE com-mand. To use the LISTFILE command enter:

listfile fn ft fm

where listfile is the command name, fn, ft and fm are thefilename, filetype and filemode, respectively. If youwanted to list the names of all of your files with thefile name FORESTr regardless of type or mode, you wouldenter:

listfile fortest * *

The asterisk specifies "all".

oordn O erands The command operands are keywords and/or positionaloperands of one to eight alphameric characters each. Theoperands specify the information on which the systemoperates when it performs the commaand function.

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You must write the operands in the order in which theyappear in the owmnand formats unless otherwise specified.When you are using CMS, blanks may optionally be used toseparate the last operand fran the option list. CMSrecognizes a left parenthesis "(" as the beginning of anoption list; it does not have to be preceded by a blank.To list your file names with the date when they were lastwritten you would use the listfile command with the"date" option. To list all your FORTRAN files with the.date that they were written you would enter:

listfile * fortran *(date

S:EIfc O When you invoke the MS canmand XEDIT (see Chapter 4),you are placed in the XEDIT mode. In this mode you areallwed to create and modify files. The CMS EXEC 2 (seeChapter 5) interpreter provides execution procedures con-sisting of CP and CMS commands; they also provide theconditional execution capability of a macro language.The DEBG c1mmand (see Chapter 6) gives you several pro-gram debugging subommands.

You can use the HELP Lcmnand (described in chapter 3 ofthis guide) to display at your terminal information onhow to use CP cnmmands and CM commands, subcomman ds, andEXECs, and explanations of CP and CMS messages. You canissue the HELP command when a brief explanation of syn-tax, a parameter, or function is sufficient, therebyavoiding interrupting your terminal session to refer to amanual.

Since you can invoke CP omnnands fran within the C(MS vir-tual machine environment, the CP and CMS commandlanguages are, for practical purposes, a single, in-tegrated commnand language for CMS users.

mC VIRRL

VirtDBin itTVro -l tices

We no wish to briefly discuss sane of the more importantaspects of your virtual machine. More detailed informa-tion may be found in IBM publications.

Your virtual machine has a full cmplement of Unit RecordDevices which you may use just as you would any "real"unit record devices. They are:

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DEVICE LIMITATIONS CMS CODE

A Virtual Card Reader (RDR)

A Virtual Printer Up to 133 characters per (PTR)line (including carriagecontrol)

A Virtual Card Punch 80 column limit (PUN)

These devices may be employed in a manner similar totheir real-world counterparts, when actually their cardsand print lines are records in "spool" files on the sys-tem disk.

Soe Uefu Below are listed (in abbreviated form) sane of the moreCb alns useful commands recognized by the 4341 system.

#CP DISCON - Allows you to logoff while a process is in progresswithout interrupting that process.

b - b(egin) used to return to the CMS environmentfrom the CP environment.

cp - used to return to the CP environment froa CMS.

Additional, detailed on-line information on any of thefollowing commands may be obtained by typing:

help [cc nand name]

ACCES - identify a disk to CMS, establish a filemode letter for thefiles on the disk, and set up a file directory in storage.

COPY - COPYfile - used to copy and/or modify CMS disk files.

DETAAC - a CP ccamand - used to remove a virtual device frcm a virtualmachine.

ERASE used to delete one or more CMS files frcn a read/write disk.

IPL - used to simulate an intial program load function for avirtual machine.

LINK - used to make a virtual device associated with anothervirtual machine available to your virtual machineconfiguration.

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LIsrPILE - used to obtain specified information about CAM filesresiding on the accessed disks.

LOGOFF - used to terminate virtual machine execution and todisconnect your virtual machine fraom the VM/370 system.

PRINT -used to print a (S virtual file on the spooled printer.

QOERy - used to determine your system status and machineconfiguration.

ASE -a CM Caomand used to free an accessed disk and make thefiles on it unavailable.

VLKIUMWA

Pemym VIrbinL

Dis

VUrt~i Di. viaCPccrO6

Permanent virtual disks are defined in your directory.They can be your Awn personal disks which you may or maynot wish to have other users access; or, they may be com-mon disks, owned by one user, but generally shared inread-only mode by any user on the system. Such a disk isthe system disk 19E which contains utility programs.Virtual disks, defined in your directory, are made avail-able to you when you logon to the system. They must beaccessed in order to use them (usually in your POFILEEX).

If during a terminal session you require additional diskspace, you can define a temporary minidisk. (See Chapter5, NCAR EXECS for specific information). Note, however,that all temporary disk space disappears when you logoff.

To gain temporary access to saomeone else's permanent vir-tual disk during your terminal session, you must know theuserid of the disk's owner, as well as its virtual ad-dress in the owner's system. If the owner is controllingthe access to the disk, you have to obtain the read orwrite password.

The IBM cormands "LINK" (a CP command) and "ACCESS" (aCMS coinand) should be used to tell CP to temporarily addDASD devices to your virtual machine configuration duringthe time of your logon. C(S must also know about thesedisks. There are several other NCAR EXECS which performsimilar tasks. They are discussed in Chapter 5. To ac-cess your virtual disk with a specific filemode, youwould type in the following:

access 192 b

This would identify virtual disk 192 as your minidisk B.

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The IBM omnands DEFINE (a CP command) and FOMIT (a CMScommand) may be used to set up temporary disks. Forexample you can enter:

DEFINE TFB-512 as xxx

where:

TFB-512 is the only way you can alert the 4341 systemthat is is one of its own disks which you wish toset up.

xxx is a three character virtual address (e.g. 500)

Then, you can enter:

FOrAT xxx B

CMS uses filemode letters to manage your files during aterminal session. By using the ACCESS ccmnand you cancontrol:

* Whether you can write on a disk or only read fran it(its read/write status)

* The library search order for programs executing inyour virtual machine.

* Which disks are to contain the new files that youcreate.

If you want to know which disks you currently have accessto, issue the cammand:

query search

You might see the following:

AAA 191 A R/WBBB 192 B R/WCMS 318 C R/OTEMP500 D R/W

The first column indicates the label on the disk(assigned when the disk is formatted), and the secondcolumn shows the virtual address assigned to it. Thethird column contains the filemode letter. All lettersof the alphabet are valid filemode letters. The fourthcolumn indicates the read/write status of the disk. Inthe example all the disks are read/write status except318 which is a read only disk. It is standard to useyour 191(A) disk as your primary disk.

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elDasinm Virt1alDiUd

There are two xinands which may be used: RELE and DE-TAGM. Note, however, that RELEASE is a CMS comnandwhereas IDTAC is a CP omnnand. REL E should be usedwhen you no longer need a disk during a terminal session,or if you want to assign a currently active fileodeletter to another disk. Use the CMS cmmand RELEASE asfollows:

release c

Then, you can issue the ACCESS amnand to assign thefilemnde letter c to another disk.

When you no longer need disks in your virtual machineconfiguration, use the CP command DEACH to disconnectthem fran your virtual machine:

detach 194detach 291

You should then issue a query virtual DASD to seewhat disks are still attached to your virtual machine.The :xmnand may be abbreviated as:

q v dasd

If you are going to release and detach the disk at thesame time, you can use the DET option of the RELEASE com-mand:

release 194 (det

The logoff commnand is simply "log" or "logoff". If youare in the middle of a session and need to logoff for ashort time, but you do not want to start all over, in-stead of logging off use the "disc" (for disconnect) com-mand. When ready to resume, logon as before and all ten-porary disks and tapes will still be available. However,you should remember that you will be ccmmunicating withCP and must type 'b" (for begin) to re-enter the CM en-vironment. I log anyone else off, use the "disc"(discnnect) cmmand.

Certain characters have a special meaning to CMS. Thedouble quote (") is the escape character and the poundsign (*) is the logical line end. To enter these charac-ters as text, each must be preceded by the escape charac-ter. For example to get a double quote in a message, youwould have to type tw double quotes (""); to get a poundsign, type double quote, pound sign ("#).

Getting Started July 16, 1982-12-

m -

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:tete-xL,4 a(!

Full-ScreenInterrupt and

Resume

Line ModeInterrupt and

Resume

aggiuj Off vs8fnj Off

The interrupt and resume features are dependent uponwhether you are using the 4341 in full-screen or linemode.

To interrupt a terminal that is displaying output,depress the RETURN key once when you see the "more..."prompt. This will hold the screen being viewed and stopautomatic paging (or scrolling) to the next screen. Toresume scrolling, use the PA2 key or type a <ctrl> Z ifyour terminal is so equipped.

Interrupting terminal printing in line mode is accom-plished by depressing the BREAK key. To resume typing,simply press the RURN key. s: You may lose one lineof type when you depress the RETURN key.

If you need to terminate the display output fraom yourterminal, either in full-screen or line mode, first in-terrupt the terminal as described above, then type "ht"or "hx" before depressing the RETURN key. The "ht" (halttyping) is used if one is merely listing a file; if theprintout is the result of an execution process, then "hx"(halt execution) is needed. If you are in full-screenmode you will also need to clear the screen in order todetermine if you have terminated the display output.

In general it is preferable to log off of the IBM 4341rather than merely "pulling the plug". By logging offyou will save your files, and give another user access tothe system. Very unpredictable results may ensue if yousimply shut your terminal down without logging off first.

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On-line documentation of components of the IBM system isavailable through the CMS HELP facility. The informationdisplayed is the same as that given in the various IBMVM/SP publications. More information about the HELP fa-cility is available in the IBM VM/SP CMS user's guide.Also, on-line information for the HELP command can bedisplayed by issuing the CMS command:

help help

Ouvexviwof the The HELP facility uses the System Product Editor todisplay HELP files. The HELP facility can be used in ei-ther full-screen or line mode. Both of these editormodes are discussed below.

For information on messages, HELP displays the messagetext, explanation, system action and any user action re-quired. For commands, HELP will display the description,format, and parameters, or optionally any of these. HELPalso will display the format and description for EXECstatements.

Thed x The syntax of the HELP comand has the following form:

where:

HELP Specify HELP HELP if you want informationabout using the CMS HELP facility. The sys-tem will display the HELP file for the CMSHELP command. This explains how to callHELP menus or files.

No Argument If you specify HELP with no arguments, thesystem will display a list of the componentmenus available. You may then display anyof these menus by specifying:

The HELP Facility

HELP<with no arguments>MessageMENU

Help ccmponent MENUcomponent {name {(option [) }I}CMS

if

LW- -- 3: EKR P ]aBA=LJ"

-1- July 16, 1982

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EPP cmponent MEU

and then display the HELP file for any amr-mand listed therein by typing:

HELP component name

is the sevencharacter message ID youspecify to display the HELP file for a mes-sage. You must specify the message ID inthe form 'xxxnnnt', where:

xxx indicates the component (for example,DMS for (CM messages, M1K for CPmessages).

nnn is the message number.

t is the message type.

on you must specify the seven-charactermessage ID, not the ten-character ID thatalso identifies the issuing module. Forexample, specify EMS250S rather thanIWSHLP250S for information on that message.

Displays the menu of HELP files availble forthe CMS component. It is equivalent toissuing HEIP CM MEU.

The name of the component about which youwish information. Sacme of the more impor-tant omnponents available are:

The HELP Facility July 16, 1982

Conponent

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ComponentName

CMSCPDEBUGEDrrEXECEXEC2XEDITSImOEXLIBNCARLIBSGRAPHTOOLSCONSULTSUPLIBSYSLIB

SuppliedBy

1H4IBMI13MIBMIBMIBMIBMIBM

Description of Contents

Conversational Monitor System commandsControl Program commandsCMS DEBUG subcommnandsCMS EDIT text processor subcommandsCMS EXEC statementsEXEC 2 statementsXEDIT subcommandsIBM (System IPO)Unsupported developmental software and EXECSNAR'Os VM for supported softwarePreview Graphics, Metacode Translators, etc.Portable program development environmentConsulting and Training aidsUser EXECs and the IFTRAN preprocessorSystem level software and VM tools fram

the University of Waterloo

The component name is only necessary at NCARif you are asking for a menu or if the com-mand is part of the DEBUG, XEDIT, EDIT,EXEC, or EXEC2 components. Fram withinXEDIT, you do not need to specify the can-ponent name of XEDIT.

The name of the command or statement whoseHELP file you want displayed.

is valid only for (MS and CP cammands andsubcommands. You may specify DESC, FORM,PANM, or ALL. ALL is the default. The HELPcmmnnand options are:

ALL Display the specified HELP filestarting at the beginning.

DESC Display the specified HELP file start-ing with the description of the command.

FORM Display the specified HELP file start-ing with the format specifications.

PARM Display the specified HELP file start-ing with the parameter descriptions.

When aentireuser.

HELP command option is specified, theHELP file is made available to theThe options effect only the initial

The HELP Facility

name

Option

-- -- s -- �-� I- -- ---- �-s L I

t --- -

I -- -I,,,,�,, �,, _ _ _ _ _ _

I

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position of the HELP file display.

The following are examples of HELP calls issued as CMScomnands. Remember that you may also call HELP filesdirectly fran menus or fran the XEDIT comnand. For exam-ple, to request a HELP file for CP error message DMK006E,you issue:

help dmkOO6e

To request a menu of CP ccmtands, you issue:

help cp menu

To request a HE.P file for the XEDIT LOCTE subcommandyou issue:

help xedit locate

To request display of the HELP file for the (CM TAPE com-mand beginning with the description part, you issue:

help ans tape (desc

or

help tape (desc

IAP MBp The HELP facility provides you with an alphabetical listof all HELP files for a particular coponent. These aretermed 'HELP menus' On terminals having both upper andlower case capability, menus show the minimum abbrevia-tion of a file name you can issue in upper case charac-ters with the remainder of the name in lower case charac-ters (for example, ACcess). You can get a list of allthe menus available to you on the 4341 system by issuingthis ommand:

help <no argument>

You can obtain a specific menu by issuing the followingcommand:

help "component" menu.

where "cmpoxnent" is the name of the specific componentfor which you wish to have a menu displayed.

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Usinr the wP If your terminal is connected to the 4341 in full-screenFacility in FtUi mode, you can request display of a particular HELP file

Screen M directly fran a menu by positioning the cursor at anypart of the name and pressing the PF1 key (or theequivalent set of key strokes specified for your terminalif you do not have PF keys). After the HELP file isdisplayed, you may return the menu by pressing PF3.(See Appendix [A] for the configuration of PF keys foryour terminal),

You can position the cursor at the file name you want byusing the cursor keys on your terminal, or by using theTAB key (PF4) provided by HELP; the LOCATE facility canalso be used by typing the name desired and pressing PF5.When the. cursor is positioned at the file name you want,press the PF1 key to display the HELP file for that name.

If a name in a displayed menu file is preceded by an as-terisk (*), this indicates that the named file is itself.a menu file.

HELP allows you to issue CP or CMS commands directly franthe displayed HELP file if you are in full-screen mode.Thus, you may issue a coxmand on the "command line" whileviewing the HELP file for that command. The specifiedcommnand will remain in the command line until you pressENTER (or RETURN), even if you scroll the screen. Thisfeature assists you in remembering what you must specifyand how you must specify it.

Usingthe PF Keys The Program Function (PF) keys are used within the HELPfacility in full-screen mode to aid you in moving withinand between HELP menus and files. The PF keys have thefollowing meanings when using the HELP facility:

PF1 (HELP) is used to access HELP files from a menuafter the cursor is positioned at the name of thedesired file.

PF2 (TOP) moves the display to the top (front) of theHELP file.

PF3 (QUIT) returns to the previous file displayed.

PF4 (TAB) is used to tab through a menu. PressingPF4 while a menu is displayed causes the cursorto move to the first character of the next filename.

(PRINT) is used with HELP files other than menus.PF4 gives a hardcopy capability. Pressing PF4while the HELP file is displayed causes a copy ofthe current screen to be sent to the currently

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spooled printer.

PF5 (LOQTE) is used with the XEDIT subcmniand LOCATEon HELP files. You enter the string to besearched for on the ormmand line. Then press PF5to tell HELP to LOCATE the first occurrence ofthe string, starting with the current line. Ifyou press PF5 again, HELP will LOCATE the nextoccurrence of the string, and so on. HELPhighlights the line located.

For detailed information about how to use the LO-CATE subcommand, see the description in the pub-lication, VM/SP System Product Editor Command andMacro Reference. .

PF6 (PREV.CMD.) retrieves the last user command is-sued fran the omrmand input area.

PF7 (UP) moves the display towards the top of fileone screen. If your screen is 24 lines, thedisplay is moved up 20 lines.

PF8 (NEa) moves the display towards the bottan offile one screen. If your screen is 24 lines, thedisplay is moved down 20 lines.

PF9 (PF Key) displays a file containing. explanationof PF key meanings for displayed files.

PF10 (UP1/2) moves the display towards the top of fileone-half a screen. If your screen is 24 lines,the display is moved up 10 lines.

PFll (NEXDl/2) moves the display towards the bottomn offile one-half a screen. If your screen is 24lines, the display is moved down 10 lines.

PF12 (CANCEL) exits frma displayed HELP file. PF12will quit all HELP files currently in storage.For example, if you called a menu, then called aHELP file fran that menu, PF12 will quit both thefile and the menu and return control to the ori-ginating environment.

Mbe> The location and proper functioning of your PF keysis terminal dependent. Please refer to the terminal tem-plates located in Appendix [A] for information on how touse then with your particular terminal.

The HELP Facility July 16, 1982

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Usirj th iPnI If you enter the 4341 system via the IBM 3705, you willhave access only to the line-mode features of the HELPfacility. You should follow the prampts you will receivefran the system.

Example: If you are using the 4341 system in line mode, access theHELP facility as follows:

0 Logon as you normally would under the line mode con-straints. (Remember your prcmpt is a period (.))

e Typekey.

'help' with no arguments and press the REITRNObserve the output on your terminal.

* Now type 'help cp menu'Follow the prompts at the

and press the RETURN key.bottomn of your screen.

To get help with a specific CP camnandLINK) type 'help cp link" or 'help link'.

(such as

EIBU D For information on how to create HELP files and/or HELPT-_TraRS menus, please refer to IBM publication SC19-6210, IBM

Virtual Machine/Sytem Product: CMS User's Guide.

The HELP Facility

I

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CEMPIM 4: --IT CH IM 4341

All SCD users may now make use of the 4341 system editor:XEDIT. Use of XEDIT will permit you to prepare your pro-grams on-line, interactively, in either full-screen orline mode. This chapter provides you with information onhow to use XEDIT. What is presented here, however,should only be considered as a "working subset" of thefull suite of features which XEDIT provides. The infor-mation contained in this chapter will be sufficient formost of your editing activities. Should you wish moredetailed information on enhanced XEDIT capabilities, youwill want to obtain a copy of the IBM publication enti-tled IBM VM/SP: System Product Editor User"s Guide.

Depending upon your location and comnunication protocolswith NCAR and the SCD, you will be using XEDIT as eithera full-screen or line editor. Both of these modes areexplained below. Those of you who can make use of thefull-screen capabilities of XEDIT are encouraged to readthe section on line editing as well as the informationcontained in the full-screen portion of this chapter.All editor subcommands that are used by both the full-screen and line editors are presented in the line editorsection only.

Those of you who will be using only the line editorshould skip the section on full-screen editing.

If Cam Ue theFlU-Screen Ccnag mi

You will recall fran Chapter 2 that in order to use the4341 computer you must first interact with the PACX,SCD)s port selection device. Depending upon your comaun-ications protocol (e.g. asynchronous or bisynchronous)you will be able to use either the full-screen or lineediting capabilities of XEDIT. If you select a "classcode" for the IBM Series/l or PDP 11/34 minicomputers,you may make use of XEDIT in full-screen mode. Enteringa class code for the IBM 3705 will permit only line edit-ing. Table 4.1 (over) gives the appropriate "class code"for either full-screen or line editing.

July 16, 1982XEDIT -1-

I-nUJvUUVO

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Table 4.1iClass Code/Editor Capability

Class Code

110

Device

IBM 3705

Editor pability

Line Editor

Series/1

PUP 11/34

Full-Screen Editor/Line Editor

Full-Screen Editor/Line Editor

Entering a class code for which you are not authorizedwill result in an error message being returned to you.

TB IBm 4341 LmF

KIdM Filme

In chapter 2 you were introduced to the PROFILE EXECwhich was automatically executed for, you when you loggedon. In the same manner you can change or addto the sys-tem default editor by using the PRFILE XEDIT. A PROF.LEXEDIT has been set up for you with default values. Butas you ben.e more familiar with the system you may wantto change some of these values. The "set" comnand isused to establish, turn off, or reset a particular XEDITfunction. Only one function may be specified per SETcommand. To determine or verify the setting of a func-tion, use the QOERY comand from within XEDIT.

Those of you who enter the SCD via the IBM 3705 will beusing XEDIT in the line editor mode. The informationgiven in this section is fully applicable to the full-screen editor mode. When you finish this section, youshould have a working knowledge of the line editor. Thesubcommands presented here comprise a working subset ofXEDIT suoomlnands, with which you can create a file,enter data, make changes to the file, and transfer databetween files. The editor has many additional capabili-ties, which are described in the IBM publicationsn/SP: System Product Editor Command and Macro Reference

and VM/SP: System Product Editor User's Guide.

After you log on to VM/SP and enter the CM environment,you are ready to enter the edit environment. You may"edit" a file that does not exist; when you do so, youare creating a file. Thus, XEDIT not only invokes theeditor, but actually creates a new file for you.

The editor is invoked with the CMS cmmand XEDIT, whoseformat is as follows:

XEDIT filename filetype [filemode]

XEDIT July 16, 1982

120 or i

130 or s

- _� � __ _

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If you do not specify the filemode, the system searchesyour minidisks in alphabetical order for an existing"filename filetype." If such a file exists, a copy ofthat file is brought into virtual storage; then you canuse XEDIT subcommands to make changes or corrections tolines in that file.

If the file is not found on any of your minidisks, theeditor creates it in virtual storage. However, if youspecify a filemode, only that minidisk is searched.

When a subcammand changes a line, the editor displays, or"verifies", the changed line. You enter an XEDIT subccm-mand by typing the subccmnand and then pressing theRETURN key. (XEDIT subcommands, like CMS commands, canbe typed in either uppercase or lowercase, or a combina-tion of both.) The editor also ccimmunicates with you bydisplaying error or information messages.

When you use the XEDIT command to create a new file, thefile is created in virtual storage. When the XEDIT com-mand is used to call out an existing file, a copy isbrought into virtual storage. In either case, you canpicture the file as a series of records, or lines; theselines are available for you to change or delete. You canalso insert new lines following any line that is alreadyin the file.

Now let's create a simple file. Its filename and file-type will be DRIVER NEWFILE. The following command isentered to begin creating the file:

xedit driver newfile

Because the file is new, the editor responds with thefollowing message:

CREATING NEW FILE:

D sb xI- *n1 After you enter the XEDIT ccmmand, you are in edit mode.You must be in edit mode to enter XEDIT subcommands.

Enter INPUT To enter data in the file, type the following subcommandand press the RETURN key to enter input mode:

input

The editor displays the following message:

INPUT MMDE:

You can then type in the data. Each line that you enterwhile in input mode is considered to be a data line and

July 16, 1982XEDIT -3-

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will be written in the file. To end a line, press theURIN key; the line will then be inserted into the copyof the file in virtual storage. To input a blank line,space at least one column before hitting the URN key.

No line may be longer than the logical record length ofthe file, which varies according to filetype. To findout the logical record length of any file, you can enterthe following subcmand (in edit node) :

query lrecl

To change the logical record length of a file you canenter the ocmand:

set lrecl length

Note: "length" is the number of characters to be the newlogical record length. If the new value of "lrecl" isless than the old value, each record will be truncated tothe new length. If the new value is greater than the oldvalue, each record may be expanded (e.g. blanks areinserted) to the new length depending on the record for-mat of the file.

In the examples used here, the filetype is NEWFILE, whichhas a logical record length of 80. If you type more than80 characters in a line before pressing the RETURN key,the editor truncates the extra characters.

Exit INPT

FOer and Set

To exit fran .INPT mode after you are finished enteringdata into the file, depress the RETURN key twice.

In the INPUT section above, you learned about using thequery and set oinmands to manipulate the logical recordlength of a file. In this section, you will learn a fewof the other uses of these omnnands. The query and setcommands presented in this section are a subset of thecomplete commands. The full arnmands may be found inSC24-5221, IBM Virtual Machine/ System Product: SystemProduct Editor Cmnmaan d Macro Reference.

The T1RNC parameter is used to truncate a logical record.The value of the truncation column must be less than orequal to the logical record length. If TRYNC and LRECLare the same length, then TUNC has no significant mean-ing. If TRUNC is less than LREL, then it takes on thefollowing significance. Any characters input beyond thetruncation columnn will be replaced by blanks when theRETURN key is depressed.

To query the current value of T1INC, enter the followingcammand:

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query trunc

To modify the current value of T1UNC, enter the followingconmand where length is the last column of input to beretained:

set trunc length

One reason for using TRVUN might be that FORTRAN tradi-tionally uses only columns 1 through 72 of an 80 columncard. Thus by setting LRECL to 80 and TRUC to 72, youcan type in FORTRAN source code without worrying that youhave extended into columns 73 through 80.

Another more realistic reason to use the TRNC parameterof the SET acmmand is to provide for serialization of afile. Serialization may only be done if the truncationcolumn is at least 8 columns less than the logical recordlength. If this condition is met and serialization hasbeen set on, a file is serialized when the FILE or SAVEocUnand is issued.

The parameter used for serialization is SERIAL. To querythe current value of SERIAL, enter the following ccxmand:

query serial

To modify the current value of SERIAL, enter the follow-ing ocEnand:

set serial status [incr [start]]

The status may be one of several values, the two to bediscussed here are ON and OFF. If ON is chosen, eachrecord is serialized with a 3 character identifier (thefirst three characters of the filename) and a 5 digitserial number. The serial numbers begin with start (thedefault value is 10) and are incremented by incr (thedefault value is 10). Rmeember, the serialization occurswhen the file is SAVEd or FILEd.

If OFF is chosen, neither incr nor start are meaningfuland the current serialization is not updated. This doesnot remove serialization! To do that the followingsequence of ccnoands must be given:

July 16, 1982XEDIT -5-

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set trunc 80set zone 1 80set serial offtopnextclocate :73cdelete 8repeat *

You cannot always tell if a file is serialized when youare editing it. This is because you may be looking atonly part of a logical record. The default viewing rangethat has been set up for you allows you to see onlycolumns 1 through 72. There are several reasons forthis, among them the assumption that most files containFOR1RAN code and the fact that 72 columns can be viewedon a single line in the full screen editor while 80colums requires two lines.

To query the current value of VERIFY, enter the followingommand:

query verify

To modify the current value of VERIFY, enter the follow-ing oamnand where start and stop and the first and lastcolumns to be viewed. Up to 14 pairs may be input.

set verify start stop [start2 stop2] ... [startl4 stopl4]

teiug ata ii Now let's start typing lines to be entered in the file.a File Enter input mode and type:

cc driver program for solving systemc

camon /bigblk/ xlin(25), amtrx(32,25), blin(32)c

call initrdcall solve (32,25,amtrx,xlin,blin)call endpr (25,xlin)end

When you are finished typing data and want to return toedit mode (either to make changes to the file or to endthe editing session), press the BRN key on a nullline, i.e. press the return key twice after typing thetlat line.

During an editing session, you can enter input mnode atany time to insert new lines of data in the file. Afterthe INPUT subcomnand is entered, the editor inserts thelines you type after the current line. In this example,

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since the file is new, the lines are inserted at thebeginning of the file.

Lizm nea The line that you are currently editing is called thecurrent line.

Naturally, the line that is current changes as you moveup and down in the file to edit various lines. When theline that is current changes, we say that the linepointer has moved. Many XEDIT subcamnands perform theirfunctions starting with the current line and move theline pointer when they are finished.

You can change which line is current, that is, you canmove the line pointer, by using the subcommands discussedin this section.

What you do during an editing session is:

* Position the line pointer at the line you want toedit.

9 Edit the line (change characters in it, delete it,or insert new lines following it).

9 Position the line pointer at the next line you wantto edit.

1t Ahing Thma i a The following subcommands are discussed in this section:File

TYPEUP

TOP

TME ̂xifn r *1Many XEDIT subcommands operate either on, or startingwith the current line. For example, the INPUT subcommandinserts new lines of data after the current line. There-fore, you often need to determine which line is currentso that you can move the line pointer, if necessary.

To display the current line, enter the TYPE subccmmand,whose format is:

type

To display more than one line, enter the TYPE subcommandwith the number of lines you want to see. For example,the following subcommand displays 5 lines, beginning withthe current line:

July 16, 1982)XEDIT -7-

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type 5

To display the entire file, you must first position theline pointer at the top of the file. The following sub-commands move the line pointer to the top of the file andthen display the entire file:

top

(moves the line pointer to the top of the file anddisplays "TOF:")

type *

(displays all remaining lines in the file)

After the TYPE s nand is executed, the line pointeris positicned at the last line that was displayed. Forexample, if you type the entire file, the null "EOF" linewill bee the new current line. Of course, if you typeonly one (the current) line, the line pointer will notmove.

P and DO You can move the line pointer up or down one or more~~f lines.

The UP subcomMand moves the line pointer toward the be-ginning of the file and displays the new current line.Its format is:

up n

where "n" is the number of lines you want to move theline pointer. If the number is anomitted, "1" is assumed.

The DW subcomand moves the line pointer toward the endof the file and displays the new current line. Its for-mat is:

dcwn n

where "n" is the number of lines you want to move theline pointer. If the number is anitted, "1" is assumed.

To insert new lines of data after any existing file line,you can do the following:

* Issue the UP or DOM subcommand to move the linepointer to the line after which you want the data tobe inserted.

* Then enter the INPUT subcommand.

July 16, 1982XEDIT -8-

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You can also move the line pointer to the beginning orend of the file.

To move the line pointer to the nullcedes the first line of the file,subcommand:

"TOF" line that pre-issue the following

top

To move the line pointer to the last file line, issue thefollowing subcommand:

bottom

To begin entering new lines either at the beginning orthe end of a file, you can use the following sequence ofsubcammands:

top (or bottan)input

Then you enter new data lines.file again:

Let's look at the program

top

(move the line pointer to the top of the file)

TOF:

type *

(display the whole file)

TOF:

CC DRIVER PROGRAM FOR SOLVING SYSTEMC

OMOaN /BIGBLK/ XLIN(25), AMTRX(32,25), BLIN(32)C

EOF:

CALLCALLCALLEND

INITRDSOLVE (32,25,AMrRX,XLIN,BLIN)ENDPR (25,XLIN)

The TYPE * subcommand was used to display the entirefile; since the last line displayed by a TYPE subcommandis the new current line, the "EOF" line is now thecurrent line.

July 16, 1982

1. Bp Sd I I rn

XEDIT -9-

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- I U S IMGAF

Suad

Changing One Wordto Another

The following suboimands are discussed in this section:

CLOCATECHANGE

The CLOCTE su nand searches a file, beginning withthe current line, for a character string that you speciits formaFit-Fs as follows:

Ca TE/string/

The character string must be enclosed in delimiters. Theslash (/) is the delimiter used in these examples, but itmay be any character that does not also appear in thecharacter string (for example, CLOCATE. .)

If the string is found, the line that contains the stringbecxzes the new current line (and is displayed). If thestring is not found, the editor prints a message to thateffect and the current line does not change.

For example, in the file shown above, the subcmnands:

top

(move the line pointer to the top of the file)

clocate/initrd/

(locate the string)

cause the following line to be displayed:

CALL INITD

Replacing one word with another is the simplest type ofchange. Use the following form of the CHANGE subcomnandto change the first occurrence of a word in the currentline:

change/oldword/newword/

For example, the current line in a file contains the fol-lowing:

A rose is a rose is a rose.

change/rose/daisy/

The resulting line looks like this:

XEDITJuly 16, 1982-10-

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A daisy is a rose is a rose.

Note that the editor autanatically makes rooman in the linefor "daisy", even though it is longer than "rose". Con-versely, a string can be replaced by a shorter string;the editor removes extra blanks.

You can use the CLOCATE and CHANGE subcommands to locateand change any string in a file. -If the line containingthe string is the current line, you don't have to use aCLOCATE subcommand; the CHANGE subcommand both locatesthe string and changes it.

Making a Global If you want to make a global change, that is, changeChange every occurrence of a word in a file, first move the line

pointer to the line where you want the change to begin,and use the following form:

change/oldword/newword/ * *

In the following example, the word "rose" is changed to"daisy" every time it appears. (The line pointer isalready positioned at the first line shown.)

A rose is a rose is a rose.A rose is a rose is a rose.

change/rose/daisy/ * *

produces the following changes in the file (the editordisplays only those lines that have been changed):

A daisy is a daisy is a daisy.A daisy is a daisy is a daisy.

Another variation of the CHANGE subccmmand can be usedwhen you want to change a word throughout the file, butyou want to change only the first occurrence in eachline:

change/oldword/newword/ *

Making a Selective Suppose that you want to change one word to another onlyChange some of the time. You can use repeated executions of the

CLOCATE subcommand to scan the file, issuing a CHANGEsubcommand only when you want to make the change.

Instead of typing .the same CLOCATE subocmiand over andover, you can use the = subcommand, which repeats thelast subcmmand you entered. Using the = subcommandsaves you the time it takes to retype the subcommand. Toenter the =subccmmand, simply type an equal sign (=) andpress the REtURN key. The CLOCATE subcommand will have

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to be retyped each time the CHANG comnand is actuallyused.

-a a 1a ~ A M The following subcomands are discussed in this section:

INPUT lineDELETE

REPLtCE

Inserting A Line You can insert a single line of data between existinglines by using the INPT subommand fo wed by the lineof data you want inserted. One blank must separate thesubcomnad name and the data line.

For example:

input this is the line I want to insert

inserts a single line following the current line, withoutleaving edit mode. (If you want to insert more than oneline, you would issue the INPUT subck nand with nooperand to enter input mode.)

To insert a blank line in the file, enter the INPOT sub-cummnand and press the space bar at least twice before

pressing the RE'rJ1 key. A blank line will be insertedafter the current line.

For example, if a file contains the following lines:

TOs.SUBROFJINE SDPR (NO,VE)

CC SUB1OTINE FOR PRINTIN A REAL VETORC

DIMENSICN VEC (N)C

WRITE (6,6000)6000 FOgT (' I VE (I.) )

DO 100 I = 1,NWRITE (6,6100) I, VEEC(I)

100 CCMINUE6100 FORMAT (I5,F8.4)

RETUmN

The current line is the last line displayed above. Toinsert an END statement after the return statement, issuethe following subcmnand:

input end

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Now the file looks like this (TOP and TYPE * are used todisplay the whole file):

TOF:SUBOUINE NDPR (N,VECT)

CC SUBROUTINE FOR PRINTING A REAL VEOC

DIMENSION VE (N)C

WRITE (6,6000)6000 FO T (' I VEC (I) *)

DO 100 I = 1,NWRITE (6,6100) I, VECT(I)

100 COINUE6100 FOMAT (I5,F8.4)

RETURNEND

To insert a blank line between RETURN and END, you couldissue the following subcommands:

up

(move the line pointer up one line)

input

(press the space bar twice before pressing theRETU'RN key)

Now the file looks like this:

TOF:SUBROUTINE ENDPR (N,VECT)

CC SUBROUTINE FOR PRINTG A REAL VECTORC

DIMENSICN VBE( N)C

WRITE (6,6000)6000 FOVRMAT (' I VECT (I) )

DO 100 I = 1,NWRITE (6,6100) I, VECT(I)

100 CONrINUE6100 FO4rAT (I5,F8.4)

END

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Deleting Lines

Lost and FoundDepartment

Use the DELETE subcommand to delete one or more linesfran a file, beginning with the current line.

To delete only the current line, use the form:

delete

To delete more than one line, specify the number of linesin the operand:

delete 5

deletes five lines, including the current line.

To delete the rest of the file, use the form:

delete *

If you want to delete a number of lines, and you donotwant to bother counting how many, you can use the form:

delete/string/

Lines will be deleted, starting with the current line, upto (but not including) the line containing the specifiedstring.

For example, if a file contains the following lines, andthe first line shown is the current line:

a portable televisiona transistor radioa frisbeea loaf of breada jug of winethou

The following sucommand:

delete/bread/

deletes all lines from the current line up to, but notincluding, the line containing "bread". Therefore, allthat's left are the lines.: "a loaf of bread", "a jug ofwine", and "thou".

If you delete one or more lines and change your mind, allis not lost. You can recover the lines at any time dur-ing an editing session with the RECOVER su

The following subcmnandr returns lines deleted in anediting session:

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recover n

where n represents the number of lines you wish torecover.

The recovered line(s) is inserted immediately before thecurrent line. If the lines were deleted from differentplaces in the file, you have to put them back where theybelong by using the MDVE subocmnand, discussed below.

If you want to recover all lines that have been deletedduring an editing session, use the form:

recover *

Replacing a Line

mmi-i ANDto~

muE

You've seen how to insert a new line and delete a line,using INPUT line and DELETE. The REPLACE subccroand doesboth; it deletes the current line and replaces it with aline you specify.

The format of the REPLACE subcommand is:

replace line

However, if you enter the REPLACE subcommand with noline, the editor deletes the current line and autcmati-cally places you in input mode.

The following subcommands are discussed in this section:

MOVECOPY

Suppose you want to reve same lines from their currentlocation and insert them in another part of the file.You can use the MDVE subcommand to move one or morelines, beginning with the current line, to a differentlocation in the file. The format of the MOVE subcommandis as follows:

move number to

The first operand represents the number of lines to bemoved, starting with the current line. The secondoperand represents the destination; the line (s) isinserted after the destination line and is deleted franits original location.

For example, to move the current line three lines down inthe file, you can use the following subcommand:

move 1 3

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To move the current line and the two lines following itthree lines down in the file, you can use the following

move 3 3

To move a line backward in the file, you can specify aminus (-) sign in front of the "to" operand. For exam-ple:

move 1 -3

moves the current line up two lines in the file.Rementer, the "to" operand represents the line afterwhich a line is to be moved; therefore, if the destina-tion is -3, the line is inserted after that line, or twolines up.

To eliminate the need for counting lines, you can specifythe "to" operand as a character string. The editorsearches the file for a line that contains the string andmoves the "from" line(s) after that line.

For example:

move 1 /string/

moves the current line after the line containing thestring.

Similarly, you can move a line backward in the file byspecifying a minus (-) sign before the string. For exam-ple:

move 1 -/string/

nmoves the current line backward in the file after theline that contains the string.

Let's look at an example:

filbertsal/mndscashewschestnutspecanswalnuts

The following subcommands would each move the line con-taming "filberts" (the current line) after the line con-taining "chestnuts".

move 1 3 or move 1 /chestnuts/

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almondscashewschestnutsfilbertspecanswalnuts

The procedure for copying lines is the same as for movinglines. The COPY sub and leaves the original line(s)in place and makes a duplicate at the indicated destina-tion.

The format of the COPY subcomuand is:

copy number to

One or more lines, beginning with the current line, arecopied after the destination line.

I5 AM HXITIE5SBE=sm

The following subcommands are discussed in this section:

FILESAVEQUIT

When you use the XEDIT command to create a new file, thefile is created in virtual storage. When you makechanges to an existing file, those changes are made to acopy of the file that is brought into virtual storage(when the XEDIT coatand is entered). However, virtualstorage is temporary. To write a new or modified file ondisk, which is permanent storage, you must enter the fol-lowing subcommand:

file [fn ft [fin]]

When the FILE subcammand is executed, the file is writtenon disk and control is returned to CMS.

The subcmmaand SAVE may be used in place of "FILE".saves the file but does not remove you fran the editor.

It

i um ia Use the QUIT subcrand to end an editing session andleave the permanent copy of the original file intact onthe disk.

The format of the QUIT subccmmand is as follows:

quit

You would use the QUIT subcmmnand instead of the FILEsubcommnand when you edit a file merely to examine, butnot to change, its contents, or if you discover you have

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made errors in changing a file and do not want them to berecorded.

When a file is new or has been changed, the editor givesyou a warning message to prevent the inadvertent use of aQUIT instead of a FILE. The message is as follows:

FILE HAS BEEN CHANGED. USE QUIT TO Q ANWAY.

If you really don't want to save the file, enter "QQUIT"(abbreviated as WQQ"), If you wish to save the changes,enter "FILE'.

IBn 4341AEdm

Before we see how to enter data in the file, let's lookat the typical full-screen layout used in XEDIT:

DRIVER NEWPLE*I******

Al F 80 T 72 SIZE0 LINE= ODU=l

=, * * * 5p OF F * * *

- '- * * * END OF FILE * * *

XEDIT 1 FILE

In the above example, the editor was invoked with theccmnand:

xedit driver newfile

where ."driver" is the filename and "newfile" is the file-tye-.

XEDIT July 16, 1982

_ _ _ __ _�__5__·__ �___�___·

3mmer S r -~ee

-18-

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As you can see, there are many different pieces of infor-mation contained in this file even though you have notyet entered any datal Let's dissect the screen layout tofamiliarize you with its information content.

FileIdentification

Line

The first line on the screen identifies the file beingedited. The following information is displayed:

a. filename, filetype, filemode (DRIVER NEWFILE Al)If you do not specify a filemode, the editor assumesa filemode of "Al", if the filename and filetype arenot on any disk to which you are attached.

b. record format and record length (F 80)The record format and record length shown in the ex-ample mean that in this file, the length of a linecannot vary; they will be exactly 80 characterslong. A file line can be longer than a screen line.

c. truncation column (RUNC72)Any data that is entered beyond column 72 is trun-cated.

d. current number of lines in the file (SIZE=0)Since we have not yet entered data in the file,number of lines is zero.

the

e. file line number of the current line (LINE=0)

f. position of the column pointer (COLUMN=1)

The Message Line

The Command Line

The editor communicates with you by displaying messageson the second line of the screen. These messages tellyou if you have made an error, or they provide informa-tion. In the example, this line's position is indicatedby ******** -

The arrow (=>) at the bottom of the screen points tothe command input area. One of the ways you crununicatewith the editor is by entering XEDIT subcommands on thisline. Subcommands can be typed in either uppercase orlowercase, or a combination of both, and many can be ab-breviated. For example, "INPUT", "Input", and "i" areall valid ways to type the INPUT subcommand.

After typing a subcomnand on the command line, you mustpress the RETURN key to execute the subccmmand. (To movethe cursor fraom any place on the screen to the commandline, just press the RETURN key.)

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The Status Area

The Prefix Area

The Current Line

The lower right corner (XEDIT 1 FILE) displays thecurrent status of your editing session, for example, editmode or input mode, and the number of files you are edit-ing. The status area in the example shows that one fileis being edited.

The prefix area is the five left-most columns on thescreen and displays five equal signs (=). Each linein the file has a prefix area associated with it.

You can perform various editing tasks, such as deleting aline, by entering one-character connands, called "prefixsubcommands", in the prefix area of any line (more onthis facility later). The empty portion of the screen isavailable to display the file, once editing has begun.

The current line is the file line in the middle of thescreen just above the scale.

In the example, the current line is the "TOP OF FILE"line; at this point, the file contains no data.

The current line is an important concept, because mostsubcommands perform their functions starting with thecurrent line. Naturally, the line that is currentchanges during an editing session as you execute variousXEDIT commands.

The Scale In the default setting, the scale appears under thecurrent line to assist you in editing. It's like themargin scale on a typewriter.

The vertical bar ( ) that appears in column one on thescale is the column pointer. Various su ands performtheir functions within a line starting at the columnpointer, which you can move to different positions on thescale by using XEDITr subcommands that will be discussedlater. The column under which the column pointer is po-sitioned is called the current column.

Ui c MPrcxy Program Function (PF) keys are a special component of theXEDIT software. They perform unique functions within theCMS envirorment saving you both time and effort. Beforeyou actually begin using XEDIT, it will be useful to ex-amine them briefly.

Each PF key is set to an XEDIT subcarand, which is exe-cuted when the key is depressed. Using the PF key savesyou the time it takes to type that subcommand on the coa-mand.

s Unless you are using an IBM 3200 series CRr, the PFkeys are not individually marked as such. Please refer

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to the keyboard templates in Appendix [A] of this manualfor their location on your terminal type.

Displaying the PF You can use the following subcommand to display the PFKey Menu key settings:

-> QUERY PF

The initial settings are as follows:

PF1 HELP MENUPF2 Opens a Line, leaves you ready to input textPF3 QUITPF4 TABPF5 SCHANGE 6PF6 ? (Display the previous command)PF7 SCROLL BACKARDPF8 SCROLL FORIRDPF9 = (Re-execute the previous coanrand)PF10 SPLIT CURSORPFll JOIN CURSORPF12 Position Cursor at Column Pointer

These are the subccmmands that the editor initiallyassigns to the PF keys. You may change these subcommandsto suit you own editing needs by typing:

=> SET PFn suboonrand

where "n" is a PF key number between 1 and 24, and "sub-command" is any XEDIT subconrand.

For example:

=> set pfl input

assigns the INPUT subcommand to the PF1 key. Pressingthe PF1 key would immediately place you in input mode(more on this command below).

1E: When you assign a subcammand to a PF key, the set-ting remains in effect only for the current editing ses-sion. In the next editing session, the initial settingsshown above are in effect.

The following sections show how to use sare of the moreimportant and useful PF keys (at initial settings).

6: Resplayin After a subcomnand that has been typed in the comimanda i i line is executed, the command line is cleared. If you

use a PF key, the subccmmand doesn't appear in the cam-mand line at all. Sometimes, you'd like to be able tosee the last subcommand that was executed. Perhaps you

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pressed the wrong PF key, or you didn't enter a subcom-mand the way you intended to.

Pressing the PF6 key (which is set to the ? subcommand)displays, in the ciomand line, the last subcamnand thatwas executed.

You can then re-execute the subcommand simply by pressingthe REti key. If the and was entered incorrect-ly, you can correct the error by typing over the subcom-mand displayed in the coamnand line and then pressing theRETMU key.

I ---_p paog*--Igf7 Ff8S~~~~oUI .m 1When a file is too long to fit on one screen, you can usethe PF7 and PF8 keys to scroll back and forth through thefile.

Pressing the PF7 key, which is set to the BAW sub-c Fmmand, scrolls the screen backward, toward the top ofthe file, for one screen display.

Conversely, pressing the PF8 key, which is set to theWRD subcxmmand, scrolls the screen forward, toward

the end of the file, for one screen display.

You can press either key repeatedly to scroll back orforth for as many screens as you wish.

a F9.Use the PF9 key, which is set to the = subcommand, to re-execute the last subcommand entered. The subcommand doesnot appear in the cmmnand line, as it does when the PF6key (which is set to the ? subccmmand) is used.

Each time the PF9 key is pressed, the subcn and is exe-cuted, thereby saving you the time it takes to re-typethe subommnand.

After you enter the XEDIT cammand, you are in edit mode.You must be in edit mode to enter XEDIT subcommans usethe PF keys, or change the PF key subcommnands.

To enter input mode, type the following subcnmmand in thecrmmand line and press the RIURN key on your terminal:

You can then begin typing in your data.

The next example shows the same file, DRIVER NEWFILE.However, the INPU7 subcommand has been entered and thelines of data (each followed by a RE ) have been typedon the screen. Notice how the screen changes in inputmode: the prefix areas (C ) disappear; the message

XED2T July 16, 1982

to bado-c Datao

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line and status area tell you that you are in input mode;the cominand line contains the phrase "INPUT ZONE", whichmarks the end of the input zone and reminds you that youcannot enter subcocnands in input mode.

If you have no more data to enter, pressing the REJuRNtwice takes you out of input mode and back into editmode.

During an editing session, you can enter input mode atany time to insert new lines of data in the file. As youhave seen, after the INPU .subcommand is entered, theeditor makes roan for you to type new lines of data afterthe current line. In this example, since the file wasnew and the INPUT subcamiand was the first subcommandentered, the TOP OF FILE line was the current line.

B Se NoS Prefix subcanands are one or two character oamnands used_i_ 1 » ito perform basic editing tasks on a particular line.

These subcommands are entered in the prefix area of thefile (the area defined by the five equal signs on theleft hand side of the screen) beside the line to be af-fected.

Moving the cursor on your screen into the prefix area isa terminal dependent procedure. Please refer to the key-board templates in Appendix [A] for the correct sequence

July 16, 1982

DRIVER NEWFILE Al F 80 TRUNC=72 SIZE=21 LINE=9 COLUMN=1DMSXMD573I INPUT MDDE:

* * *TOP OF FILE * * *

CC DRIVER PROGRAM FOR SOLVING SYSTEMC

COMMON /BI GLK/ XLIN(25), AMTRX(32,25), BLIN(32)C

CALL INITRDCALL SOLVE (32,25,AMrRX,XLIN,BLIN)CALL ENDPR (25,XLIN)END

|...+....1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+>

> * * * INPUT ZE * * *

INPUT-MDDE 1 FILE- -- ____

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of keystrokes.

The following prefix subcmnands are the most useful formanipulating lines in the XEDIT file:

ADMCFP/

(add a line or lines)(delete a line or lines)(move)(copy)(foUllowing)(preceding)(set current line)

You may use the prefix subcommands at any time and youcan enter them a screenful at a time. When the RETURNkey is pressed, all of the prefix subccmands that havebeen typed on the screen will be executed.

The 'AA PrefixSubconand

The 'D' PrefixSubcommand

Moving and CopyingLines

To add a line, type. the single character "A" in the pre-fix area. When the REIURN key is pressed, a blank lineis inserted immediately following the line containing the"A". A number may precede or follow the "A" to indicatethat more than one line is to be added. For example,"AS" causes five blank lines to be added.

To delete a line, enter the single character "D" in theprefix area of a line.

A number may precede or follow the "D" to indicate thatmore than one line is to be deleted.

To delete a group of consecutive lines, that is, a blockof lines, you can enter the double character "DD" in theprefix area of both the first and last lines to be delet-ed. This method makes it unnecessary for you to countthe number of lines to be deleted.

For example:

==dd= This is the first line I want to remove.This is the second.

-== This is the third.This is the fourth.

==dd This is the fifth.

When the RETURN key is pressed, the above lines aredeleted.

To nmve one line, enter the single character "M" in theprefix area of the line to be moved. You must indicateits destination by entering either the character "F"(following) or "P" (preceding) in the prefix area ofanother line.

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When the RETURN key is pressed, the line containing the"M" is removed franm its original location and is insert-ed:

* immediately following the line containing the "F",or

* immediately preceding the line containing the "P"

A number may precede or follow the "M" to indicate thatmore than one line is to be moved, for example, "45M or

The line to be moved and the destination line can be ondifferent screens. When either an "M" or "F" (or "P")has been entered, the status area of the screen displays"COPY/MDVE PENDING". This pending status allows you toscroll the screen before entering the other prefix sub-cmmand.

To move a block of lines, enter the double character "MM"in the prefix area of both the first and last lines to bemoved. The first and last lines to be moved, and thedestination line may all be on different screens. Youcan use PF keys to scroll the screen before pressing theRETURN key.

The procedure for copying lines is the same as for movinglines, except that a "C" or "CC" prefix subcommand isused instead of "M" or "4". The copy operation leavesthe original line(s) in place, and makes a copy at thedestination line, which must be indicated by "F" or "P".

The next example is a before-and-after picture of themove feature.

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DRIVE NEWFILE Al F 80 TNC=72 SIZE=7 LINE9 CLUN=1

* * *

==_

* * *

TOP OF FILE * * *CMOCN /BIGLK/ XLIN(25), AM«RX(32,25), BLIN(32)CLL SOLVE (32,25,AMTRX,XLIN,BLIN)

|--...+....l+..2.+..3....+....4....+....5....+.... 6....4+>CLL ENPR (2S,XLIN)(3tL INiTRiEND

END OF FILE * * *

XEDIT 1 FILE

Note in this example that we have deleted all of the Com-ment fields in the file.

July 16, 1982

DRIVER NEFIE A1 F 80 T 72 SIZE=21 LINE=9 COLU1=l

--- * * * TOP OF F * * *

--D== C DRIVER FOR SOLVING SS

==== COCt N /BIGBLt/ XLIN(25), AMTRX(32,25), rBLIN(32)

-== CLL INT R== QCAILL SOLVE (32,25,AMTRX,XLIN,BLIN)= --. *+----1---+....2....+...3,,..+....4...,+.,..5.,,.+., .6 .... +>

====BFI CALL ENDPR (25,XLIN)'1 "iE ND= * * * END OC FIET * * *

= ,= .> XEDIT 1 FILE

�L�BIII� I I�I I - --L I LIILPI s - I I _ 9 1 X

XEDIT -26-

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Canceling PrefixSubccmnands

If you have entered one or more prefix subcommands thatcreate a "BLOCK INOMPLE" or a "COPY/tVE PENDING"status, you can cancel all these prefix subccmnands byentering the following subcommand in the ccmmand line:

When the RETURN key is pressed, all prefix subccmmandsdisappear fran the display and the prefix areas arerestored with equals signs ( ).

The / (Diagonal)Prefix Subcxmmand

The / (diagonal) prefix subccnmand can be typed in theprefix area of any line on the screen. When the RETURNkey is pressed, that line becomes the current line.Then, if you enter an INPUT subccmmand, the new lines en-tered in input mode will be inserted between the currentline and the line that followed it.

ATNM H I

Irn kW L Data To insert all or part of one file into another, you canuse the GET subcnand. (A file that you "get" is notdestroyed; a copy of that file is inserted.)

The GE subcmand inserts a file after the current line.Therefore, you must move the line pointer to the lineafter which you want to insert a file. If you want toinsert another file at the end of your file, you can usethe B d subccmmand to make the last line current. Ifyou want to insert another file scmewhere in the middleof your file, you can use the UP or DoC subccands toamake the desired line current.

Irnsertig a lboleFile

Suppose you were writing a program, and you created aseparate file for each subroutine. To combine two of thesubroutines into one file, you would use the followingform of the GEs subcommand:

get filename filetype

When the entire second file has been inserted, the editordisplays the following message:

EOF REACHED

For example, if you were editing a file called DRIVER1NEWFILE and wanted to insert another file called DRIVER2NEWFLE2, you would enter the following subcommands:

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bottno

(move the line pointer to the end of the file)

get driver2 newfle2

(insert the whole file)

TI 9 dnPart of To insert part of another file, you can specify in theA t File GET subcommand the line number of the first line and the

number of lines you want to insert. The following GETsubo nuand inserts the first ten lines of a second file:

get file2 [filetype] 1 10

If you don't know the line numbers, you can: enter asecond file without ending your current editing session;put the lines you want to insert into a temporary file;and insert them into your current file.

This might sound omplicated, but all you need to learnis one more subcommand-Pur.

First, let's identify the steps you would take to insertpart of another file and then illustrate them with anexample.

1. While editing the first file, enter an XEDIT subcom-mand to call out the second file. You do not haveto end your current editing session, because theeditor allows you to edit multiple files simultane-ously.

2. Use the PUT subommand to indicate which lines areto be inserted in the first file. The PUr subcom-mand stores lines specified by the commnand in a tem-porary holding area, starting with the current line.Its format is as follows:

putri #t/string/

where "#" identifies the end of a group of lines tobe inserted. It is a signal to the editor to stop"putting" lines.

For example, the following subcommand

put/television/

will "put" the first three lines of:

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a loaf of breada jug of winethoua portable television

but it will not "put" the line containing "a port-able television".

3. Enter a QUIT subcommand to return to your originalfile.

4. Make sure that the current line is the line afterwhich you want to insert lines fran the second file.Then enter the following subcnmand:

get

No operands are required. The lines that werestored by the PUM subccmmand are inserted; the lastline inserted beccmes the new current line.

The following example illustrates how the PUr and GETsubccmmands are used to insert part of a file intoanother file:

A file, SETUP MYPROG1, is being edited. It contains theinitialization routine for the DRIVER program used in thefirst example in this section. In this case, the *OMMblock definition statements will be copied from the mainprogram to the subroutine.

xedit setup myprogl

(Call out the first file.)

type *

(Display the SETUP file.)

SUBRMUrmINE NITRDCALL RDMAT (32,25 ,AMIRX)CALL RDVPT (32,BLIN)

END

top

-29- July 16, 1982XEDrT

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down 1

(Move to the line after which the OM block statementis to be inserted.)

xedit driver myprogl

(Edit the DRIVER program file which contains the COMMstatement. )

type *

(Display the DRIV file.)

CC DRIVER P M UR SOLVIN SYSTEMC

COMMON /BUS/ XLIN(25), AMdX (32,25) BLIN (32)C

CALL DrTfRCALL SLVE (32,25,AMrX,.XLIN,BLIN)CALL, BDPR (25,XLIN)END

EO:

(Move the lineDRIVER file.)

daown 3

(Move the linebe stored.)

pointer to the beginning of the

pointer to the first line to

put/initrd/

Lines are stored, beginning with the cminent line preced-ing the CIMN statement and ending with the line preced-ing the one containing INTRD. The Pt subcommand couldalso be entered as PiT 3.

quit

The file SETP is now being edited.

get

The COMMN block statement is inserted.

July 16, 1982XEDIT

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The resulting file looks like this:

SUBOUTINE INITRDC

OCMC: /MBIGBL/XLIN (25) ,AMTRX (32,25) ,BLIN (32)C

CALL ROMAT (32,25,AMrRX)CALL RDVECT (32,BLIN)

END

Files on disk are not affected if the system malfunc-tions, or "goes down." However, a new file that you'recreating or the changes you're making to an existing filemight be lost if the system fails. You can minimize thisdanger by using the SET AUIOAVE subcommand, whose formatis as follows:

set autosave n

The SET AUTOSAVE subcommand causes your file to be writ-ten to disk automatically, after you've typed in orchanged a certain number of lines. You specify what thatnumber will be with the "n" operand of the SET AOSAVEsubcinmand. If you want the file written to disk, or"saved", every time you've changed ten lines, the subcom-mand would be:

set autosave 10

The SET ATOSAVE subcxmnand can be issued at any timeduring an editing session. It's a good idea, however, toissue the subccmmand right after you issue an XEDIT com-mand to create a new file or to call an existing filefrcm disk.

If you have issued a SET AUTOSAVE subcommand and the sys-tem goes down, your file is written to disk with a newfileid. The filename is a number from 1 to 8, and thefiletype is AUTOSAVE.

You can change the fileid back to its original filenameand filetype by issuing the CMS command ERASE to erasethe original file and then by issuing the CMS commnandRENAME.

For example, if your AUTOSAVE file is labeled "1 AUTOSAVEAl" and the original file is "DRIVER NEWFILE Al", use thefollowing CMS commands to rename it:

erase driver newfilerename 1 autosave al driver newfile al

July 16, 1982XEDrT -31-

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Then you'll be back in business and can use the XEDITcommand to start editing the file again.

A IT sub and cancels a SET AUTAVE subcommand. Ifyou issue a SET ATOSAVE subcommand while you're creat4nga new file, and then issue a QUIT subcommand, the file isnot saved. If you issue a SET AUT SAVE subcommnand whileyou're revising an existing file and then you issue aQWIT subcnmand, no revisions are saved,

When you create a file, default logical tab settings arein effect; you do not need to set them. To determinethe default tab settings for a particular filetype, youcan use the following subcommand:

query tabs

If you want to change the default tab settings, you canuse the SE TABS subcommand. If using the command SETTABS does not alter your physical tabs on your terminal,type the cammand SET IMAGE CN. Then, regardless of whatphysical tab stops have been set up on your terminal,when you press the TAB key with SET IMAGE CN in effect,the data you enter is spaced to the columns you defined.

Note: When the INPU sub nand is used to enter oneline, the specified line is placed in the file startingin the first tab column defined by the SET TABS subcom-mand. For example, if you enter:

set tabs 5 10 15 20

and then enter an input line:

input This is the input line

columns 1, 2, 3, and 4 contain blanks; the text begins incolumn 5.

Therefore, make sure that the first number specified inthe SET TABS sukIbnmand is the column in which you wantthe data to begin.

X EDIT July 16, 1982-32-

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SIMMARY OF XEDIT COMMANDS

Function

To create or edit a file

To enter data

Subcanmand/PF Key

XEDIT (CMS command)

InputPOWerinp

To scroll the screen BAckwardEOwardTOPBottom

| To nove the line pointer Down, Up

| To move the column pointer CLocate, CFirst

| To locate data | CLocate

To make changes to the file Change, CInsertCDelete, CAppend

| To recover deleted data RECover

To set tabs SET TABSMODify TABS

To display current tab settings

To display line numbers in the prefix area

To end an editing session without saving thechanges

To save automatically after changing aspecified number of lines

To save the changed file when you havefinished working on it

To store lines to be inserted in anotherfile by a subsequent GET

To imbed a complete or a partial copyof one file in another

To cancel pending prefix subcamIands

lQuery TABS

SET NtUber ON

QUIT

SET AUJtosave

FILE

GET

RESet

July 16, 1982

I - -3IIIIII -�_ I __ ______, ------

.mm mI_-- --- - ---- _--- IPII

se- -�--- - -- --I

--re.z=

IIII--cI

_ -C - '- -r · - ·I· - - v - - -�-mI

__- _ - - ~ -I

-- - - - - - - - - - -C - - -41�LII

_ - _ _- _ _ - - - -I

_,_, _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _II

--- ____��p ___ ____ __ __ �------------------�-�- ---

I

I

IIIII

ID

I

.II

IIII.II

.I

.I

.I

.I

XEDIT -33-

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Prefix Subcnmmands

To add lines

To delete lines

To duplicate lines

To move lines

To copy lines

To set the current line

To get a HELP display

To add a line

To end a session without saving

To use a tab key

To locate and change selectively

To redisplay a subcommand

To scroll one screen backward

To scroll one screen forward

To repeat previous sucxxmanda

To split a line at the cursor

To join two lines at the cursor

To move cursor to current column

Sry of O rITScatef

I A

D

I n

I

II

7T

TT7

IIIII

I

II

1[

.:.

I

- __ __ ___~

III1

1bI

a

I

Io

iIIII

M and F or P

C and F or P

/

PF1

PF2

PF3

PF4

PFS, PF6

PF6

PF7

PF8

PF9

PF10

PF12

The following table summarizes the subcommands that havebeen presented in this chapter. When a subcommnand can beabbreviated, its minimum abbreviation is shown in upper-case letters.

Function Subcmnnand

To create or edit a file XEDIT (CMS comnand)

July 16, 1982

I

I

T

I

IIIII

'L�Slb�q311111 - -� -�--·--·-�----�--- -C--· �1·11-----�

M-Mftmm�

M-Now-mo.m.

--Nm-Nm--NM

mmwmmmm�

....._ I1-mp-mmmmm�

I

-mmomm-manow

I

-mb-mm�

I

low"No-mm.-Sm

-IMmmmmm�

I

qmm-mftmm�

__ -~----·I ....

-- -- L I � IsI--- --

__ ____

- L --II I

_ _ ~- --*_I

- --- �-- --i _

ouwqmm�

-Mmmmm�

-Mmwxm-�

WNNMMNNNM

ammummumm�

I -III JL I

A_I CI__· _ '"'

- L -·--__pC lsl

__ -sJ-. . .

_ _ _-~-mmUII - _I

_ _--__-_ _ - -

Il------·C - -- I_ _ -

m

0

D

D

0

b

D

p

0

0 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

X"EDIT

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To enter data

To control case setting

To display file lines

To move the line pointer

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

To

move the column pointer

locate data

make changes to the file

recover deleted data

insert one line

delete lines

replace a line

move lines

copy lines

repeat a subccmmand

control special characters

define logical tabs

display tab settings

Input

SET CASE

Type

Down, UpTOP, Bottom

CLocate, CFirst

CLocate

Change, CInsertCDelete, CAppend

RECover

Input line

DELete

Replace

MDve

Copy

SET IMage

SEr TABS

Query TABS

XEDIT- July 16, 1982

* - o

-- - t~~~~~~~~~~

- -"CI·�- -- 1 _ -

_..�-· 1·1·1

ecu_ ____

I - C---

0_X___ _ ___

_�

___

�O Irs__

I- --_ _- - -- ~ ·

II

DIPIQ�ID)Of__

I

· 81�4_ _

I

.D________

I

- - -h - "- - - - - -- IIII-·- -- --aDI-

_ _,-- - - - - - - --Ii

_-- -P-- -- __I

I

--- ------- -- ,___ __ �IU19·llY111 ____ �- -------... _...

-35-

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To display the logical record length

To alter special character

To end an editing session withoutsaving the changes

To save automatically after changinga specified number of lines

To save the changed file when youhave finished working on it

To store lines in teorary file forsubsequent imbed in another

To imbed a omplete or a partial copyof one file in another

Query LRecl

ALter

__T=

SEt AUtosave

FILE

-------- V= --a .D-M.I

I�-�I�-------

�sls�r_ �c_ - -- �� �.

-- a sPI- a I-----�

- _ ___�____ _ _______�Q

- I-�-·�__I<l

- JI -_ s__ -- , _________

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Cts 5 5: IB4341 LuD1 rI:

2 In Chapter 2 you were introduced to the CP and CMS atm-mand languages which are used with the VM/SP operatingsystem on the 4341 computer. An additional extension ofCMS is the EXEC 2 facility. This facility is a specialadjunct to the CMS command language and may be used tocreate your own CMS commands. By using other CP and CMSccromands, you may create customized EXECs that execute ina sequence determined by you. Since you are "augmenting"the CMS command language whenever you create an EXEC, theEXEC facility is known as a comnand language extension.

Essentially, the EXEC 2 facility is a shortcut to typingrepetitive cxtands. Instead of typing the same command(or sequence of commands) over and over, you may insteadplace these commands in an EXEC file, give that file aunique name, and simply type the name to have the entiresuite of commands EXECuted.

Eak is anxFile Cat

EXEC files are created just like any other files on theIBM 4341. You invoke the system editor XEDIT and assignthe EXEC file any permitted filename. However, in orderto alert CMS that this is an executable file, the file-typ must be EXEC. If a filemode is not specified, Al isthe default filemode.

An EXEC file consists of EXEC 2 statements. These state-ments can be either comments, or executable commanands.The following is a list of statements or commands thatyou may use in an EXEC file.

1. CMS Ccmmands

2. CP Ccmmands - These must be prefixed by the word CP.

3. Other EXECs - These must be prefixed by the wordEXEC.

4. EXEC 2 Control Statements - These start with an EXEC2 control word the first character of which is anampersand (&).

5. User Variable Assignments - These start with an EXEC2 variable the first character of which is an amper-sand (&).

6. EXEC 2 labels - Distinguished by the first characterbeing a hypen.

7. Comments - Distinguished by the first character be-ing an asterisk (*). Comments are NOT executable

July 16, 1982EXEC 2 -1-

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statements. They serve to provide a convenientmechanism for entering cmAnents into the EXEC file.

Bdo IDo Aok? Once an EXEC has been created, all you must do to EXECuteit is type the filename of the EXEC (followed by any per-mitted arguments) and depress the RETURN key. The systemthen searches, in alphabetical order, all of the disksattached to your virtual machine until it finds a filewith that filename and the filetype EXeC. If no suchfile is found, the system will return an error message.When the EXEC file is located, the statements in the fileare executed beginning with the first statement.

Normally an EXEC needs input fran the user. For example,an EX that plots a file on a graphics terminal (such asthe VT100) would need to know the name of the file whichit was to plot. There are several ways that the EXECcould get the necessary input:

* The EXEC could question the user for the informationthat it needs.

* The EXEC could require that the user input therelevant information as part of the cmnmand.

* The EEXC could perform its task on a particular (de-fault) file.

Any combination of these methods might be used.

Prompting the User If you create an EXEC file which prompts for required in-for Input put, you need to know the EXEC statement: &PRINT.

&PRINT is used to print a prompting message to the usertelling him what information is needed. The &PRINTstatement simply prints whatever other information is onthat same line. Multiple &PRINT statements may be usedas needed.

For example an EXEC file which has been set up to querythe user for information would make use of the &PRINTstatement as follows:

July 16, 1982

PRINT Will you now please enter your file name&PRINT and your file type? Please depress the RETURN key&PRINT after you have entered the information.

_ I� I �I � -CI II�CIII _----- 11111� � -� - - -- --- I-- -·----I --- I

_ __ I�·--C -----· --� ------ --- -- I -- -- - �--�--

-2-EXC 2

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Only the character strings following the &PRINT statementwill appear on the users terminal.

Using Variables The &READ statement is used to read variables needed byand Arguments in an EXEC from the console stack or the terminal. A vari-

EXECs able name must begin with an ampersand (&) and may con-tain up to 255 characters if sent from the console stack,and 130 characters if keyed in from the console. In an&READ command, the variable list is always preceded bythe operand VARS. One word is read for each variablelisted in the &READ statement and additional words arediscarded.

A special form of variables are called arguments. Theseare named &1, &2, etc. These variables are not specifieddirectly in an &READ ccanand and an argument is createdfor every word of the input line. The EXEC is notifiedthat arguments are being read when the VARS is changed toARGS. When reading arguments, the &READ command will re-use those names, i.e., &READ ARGS will always read avalue into &1 depending upon what user enters.

If the EXEC depends upon the user to enter the necessaryinformation as part of the commnand line, it is input intoarguments similar to those read by &READ &ARGS. Thesearguments are supplied to an EXEC according to their po-sition immediately following the name of the EXEC. (Seethe example below.)

If an EXEC requires a filename and a filetype to be inputas arguments to the EXEC, the filename (the first re-quired argument) is available to the EXEC as &1. Thefiletype (the second required argument) is available tothe EXEC as &2. This approach requires that the userspecify each argument or specify a designated "placehold-er" so that a default value can be used.

Default values may be set by FORrRAN-like replacementstatements. The variable names are like those describedin the &READ command. A replacement statement has theform &var = value.

An uA i.le of The following example is part of the graphics EXEC "PLT".SitIn Iut It shows how an EXEC might allow the user to specify a

to an x filename but if he does not do so, the EXEC requests it.The input arguments are FN, Fr, FM and an optional L.These are filename,filetype and filemode and the mode ofa scratch disk. We will just look at how values for thefile information are input to the EXEC right now. Thelines beginning with * are camments which do not appearin the EXEC but have been added to explain the input andprompting.

July 16, 1982EXEC 2 -3-

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* &FN is the variable containing the filename of the input file* &E is the variable containing the filetype of the input file* &EM is the variable containing the fileyode of the input file* set &FN to the first argument following the exec name&N = &l* test to see if the filename is blank indicating the user did not* nput the file information as part of the cand&IF .&EN BQ . -AtB30* &FN contains information so assume that values for &FT and &EM* were also input&FT a &2&M a &3* if &FM is blank, assume the file is on the users A disk. This is* an example of using a default value if one is not input&IF .&FM EQ . &FM a A* if the user input arguments as part of the oinand all input is now* available to the EEXE so control is transferred to the main part* of the EXEC&GIO -LAB31* if file information was not part of the command control was* transferred here-LAB30* print a blank line&PRINM* pranpt for the file information&PRImN ENTER FILE E FI PE AND FE* read the inputs as arguments&READ AD;* store the requested information into variables &N &T and &EM&EN = &1&rE = &2&FM = &3* Note that &READ VA &EN &rET &EM could have been used to store the* information directly into the variables.

* the main part of the EXEC begins here-LAB31

Callix an To use this exec in the prompting mode would require youto enter the command

pit

To plot the file MYPLCOS MMETaDE, giving the file nameas part of the cammand would require you to enter

pit myplots mertaode

If the file did not reside on your A disk, you would haveto include the disk designation following "metacode".

EXEMC 2 July 16, 1982

�L __I I� __ ___I

LL

-g

-4-

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- M 2;U RSz

EXRC files use a special set of "statements" which col-lectively constitute the EXEC 2 lhguage. All statementsMUST be in UPPER CASE or. they will not function asdesigned within the EXEC 2 facility. Below are listedthe most essential EXEC 2 statements. As you become moreproficient with the EXEC 2 facility, you will need torefer to an IBM publication entitled IBM VM/SP EXEC 2Reference Program Number 5664-167.

&TRACE The &TRACE statement tells the system this file is to beprocessed by the EXEC 2 processor. It must be present asthe first statement of every EXEC 2 file. &TRACE is alsouseful for displaying information at the terminal duringinitial development of an EXEC and during the debuggingprocess. Several &TRACE statements may be scatteredthroughout the EXEC in order to vary the type and amountof information to be displayed.

The syntax of &TRACE is as follows:

&TRACE [level]

Where [level] may be:

ALL All cainands and control statements aredisplayed as well as all non-zero return codes.

ON Each coimiand and all non-zero return codesare displayed.

ERR Only non-zero return codes are displayed.

OFF Nothing is displayed.(or blank)

* Do not change the setting; equivalentto &TRACE with no arguments.

&TYPE, &PRINT The &TYPE (or &PRINT) statement is generally used todisplay user error messages or to prompt for informationthat is required by an EXEC. The syntax of &TYPE is asfollows:

&TYPE [string]

This will print the string at the console or print ablank line if no string is given. The string is trun-cated in CMS if its length exceeds 130 lines.

&IF The syntax of the &IF statement is:

&IF {condition} {executable expression}

July 16, 1982-5-EXMC 2

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The condition can be of the form "ORD1 XX WORD2" whereXX may be EQ, NE, LT, GT, LE, or GE. If the condition issatisfied the given executable statement is executed;otherwise the next statement within the EXEC is pro-cessed.

&BC &RC is initialized to zero, and maintained as the returncode from the last oOnmand (or subcomnand) issued franthe EXC 2 file. It is quite often used in an "&IF"statement. It remains zero if the previous command wassuccessfully executed or set to nonzero if an error con-dition occurred. For example the following phrase mightform a test condition.

&IF &RC NE 0 {executable expression}

&GOTO The &GOTO statement syntax is:

&GOTI line-number|]label [

Transfer control to the given line number, or to the linestarting with "label".

&EXIT The &EXIT statement is used to stop execution of the EXECand return control to the CMS environment. A numeric re-turn code may be used with this statement that will bedisplayed with the CMS ready message (R;) The syntax ofthe &EXIT is:

&EXIT [return-code]

The default is 0.

&LOOP The syntax of the &LOOP statement is:

&LOP In m8 label *L J W .HILE condition

UNTIL condition

Loop through the following "n" lines, or down to (andincluding) the first line starting with "label". The loopis to be executed "m" times, or indefinitely (*), or"FILE" (or "UNrIL") the given condition is satisfied.

The values of "n" and "m" (if given) must be numeric;also "n" must be positive, and "m" must not be negative.

If WILE or UNTIL is used, the condition is of the sameform as the condition of the &IF statement.

July 16, 1982EXEC 2 -6-

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&SKIP The syntax of the &skip control statement is:

&SKIP [n]

This control statement permits a branch to be made arounda specified number of lines without requiring the use ofan EXBC 2 label as the "&GOiO" did. If n equals -1, thenthe control is transferred to the line immnediatelypreceding the statement. If n equals 0, then the controlis transferred to the next line after the statement. Thedefault is 1. 1: This means that if n equals 1, con-trol is transferred to the SEECDD line following the"&SKIP". If -n causes transfer of control to precede thestart of the EXEC, then execution stops abnormally withan error message. If n is large enough to cause transferof control past the end of the EXEC, then executionstops, normally with a return code of zero.

&READ To enter data to an EXEC interactively, the &READ state-ment is used. The syntax of this statement is:

&READ n*

ANS;STRING var

LVAR[s] [varl [var2 ...]

When this cnrmand is processed it causes a "read" fromthe stack or, if the stack is empty, a read from the con-sole. The default value is 1.

If "n" or "*" is used, "n" lines or an indefinite numberof lines (*), will be read and executed as though theyare part of your EXEC 2 file.

If "ARGS" is used, the input would be a single line andeach word in it would be assigned to an EXEC 2 argument(&l, &2...&n). Any of these EXEC 2 arguments previouslyset would be reset.

If you wish to read EXEC 2 variables you would use"VARS". Again, a single line is read but the words in itare assigned to the specified variables "varl", "var2"..."varN". If the number of words in the line read exceedsthe number of variables given in the statement, thesurplus words are discarded; or if the number of vari-ables exceeds the number of words, the remaining vari-ables are set to the null string. Therefore "&READ VARS"(without any variables) can be used to read a line anddiscard it. Asterisks may be used in lieu of variablenames to indicate that the corresponding words in theline read are to be discarded.

July 16, 1982EXEC 2 -7-

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&STACK The &SIACK omniand is used to place lines into the con-sole stack. The default stack order is FIFO (First InFirst Out) but you may request the stack order to be LIFO(Last In First Out). The stack may be read with the&READ cmmand presented above. The form of the commandis:

&STrCK fifo [line]lifo

When no line is given a blank line is stacked.

SmL UE3

D XThe PREB E3 As mentioned in Chapter 2 of this guide, the PROFILE EXECis a special EC which is executed each time you logon.The exception to this is that it is not re-executed ifyou had previously disconnected your terminal rather thanhaving logged off.

The default PROFTE EsC: links you to the disks whichcontain the NCAR supported software that most users willbe interested in using. These disks contain help menusand help files for other files on supported disks thatwill be of interest to sane users (see Chapter 3 for moreinformation on the HELP facility). The default PROFIEEXC also executes an EXEC F which sets up terminaldefaults for users coaning in through the 3705 in line ed-itor mode.

The default profile was copied to your A disk when youexecuted IAMNEW. The copy of this file which resides onyour disk may be modified in whatever way you see fit.You may delete any command lines that you do not need andyou may add others that are of special interest to you.For example, your group may have a group virtual machineto which you will always want to be linked. In that caseyou should add the link for that disk to your PROFILEEXEC.

To see what the default PRFILE EXEC looks like, type thecommand

type profile exec yl

The 0 You can create a special file having a filename of (MSand a filetype of EXEC by using the "LISTFILE" commandwith the "(exec" option. The file that is created con-tains all of the information normally typed to your ter-minal. When you use the. listfile aomnand, however, eachline is preceded by "&l &2".

July 16, 1982EXEC 2 -8-

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Since the filetype of this file is EXEC, &l and &2 arearguments to be given by you when you execute this fileas an EXEC. &l and &2 stand in for a acmnand which actsupon every file named in the CMS EXEC file. If the cm-mand is a two word ccmniand, such as DISK DUMP, then &l isreplaced by DISK and &2 is replaced by DUIP. If the com-mand is a one word ccmTnand, such as ERASE, then &1 is re-placed by ERASE and &2 is null (and therefore disregardedby the EXEC).

One reason that you might want to use a CMS EXEC is thatyou may wish to execute the same ccnrmand on almost everyfile in you directory. By using the EXEC option on the"listfile" command you can create the CMS EXEC file whichcontains all files of specified names. You may then editthis file, deleting those lines containing files on whichyou do not want to execute the given command. This isfaster than executing the coxnmand on each file one com-mand at a time.

For example, consider the following conmand:

listfile * listing a

It might result in the following display:

July 16, 1982

PRGRAM1 LISTING AlPROGRAM2 LISTING AlPROGRAM3 LISTING Al

I I

EXE C 2 -9-

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The ormnand

listfile * listing a (EXC

would produce the following CS EXEC file:

&1 &2 PROGAM1&1 &2 PROGRAM2&1 &2 PGAM3

LISTrLIST!LISTI

_GA1~AlG Al

NG Al

You could type the cmnand "ans erase" and execute thefollowing ommnands:

You have been introduced to the PROFILE E which can beused to change characteristics of your virtual machine.In the same manner you can change or add to the systemdefault editor. A default PeFILE XEDIr has been set upon the Y disk. This file is executed each time you edita file. As you be more familiar with the system youmay want to create your own version of this file on yourdisk. The "set" oxnmand is used to establish, turn off,or reset a particular XEDIT function. Only one functionmay be specified per SET omnmand. To determine or verifythe setting of a function, use the QUERY comiand fraomwithin XEDIT.

There are a number of specialized, locally developed EX-ECs which are available to you here at NCAR. These arelocated on two separate virtual machines: NCARLIBS andSYSLIB. Use the HELP facility to peruse these EXEC filesby issuing:

help ncarlibs OR help syslib

The following IBM manuals and references may be used insupport of the information given in this chapter.

SC24-5219SC24-5221SC19-6204SC19-6209SC19-6210SC19-6211

VM!/SPVM/SP

\I4/SP

VM/SP

Exec 2 ReferenceEditor Cammand and Macro ReferenceSystem Messages and CodesCMS Camnand and Macro ReferenceCMS User's GuideCP Cammand Reference for General Users

EXEC 2July 16, 1982

I I,

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aRlpf 6: TIPS D

Using FILEDEFS

This chapter presents a collection of the more usefultips and techniques for working with the IBM 4341 ccmput-ing system. The ideas presented here are an amalgam oftried and tested procedures which we have found to bemost useful for the new user.

There are several connands which can assist you in movingfiles on the IBM system. FILEDEF is perhaps the mostuseful.

The FILEDEF command is needed to move files between vari-ous IBM devices. The only FILEDEF for which options areincluded in this discussion is that for physical tape.Options are available for other forms of FILEDEF. TheFILEDnEF cammnand is discussed fully in the CMS Ccmmand andMacro Reference (IBM publication SC19-6209-0).

The FILEDEF needed to read (or write) a file frnm ordisk is of the form:

to a

filedef xx disk filename filetype filemode

Where "xx" is the unit identifier.

The FILEDEF needed to define a disk file named CARDS DATAA might be specified as:

filedef 8 disk cards data a

The filedef ccmTand used to read or write a physical tapeis of the form "filedef xx tap{n} (options)". "xx" isthe unit identifier and "n" is the indicator whichcorresponds to your virtual drive. "n" may be frcm 1 to4 representing virtual drives 181 to 184. The optionsidentify the characteristics of the physical tape, i.e.,the number of tracks, the density, and blocking informa-tion. The options and a brief definition are givenbelow:

Tips and Techniques July 16, 1982

IMMMED-0-99

INNUINEVINM

KIRM A2AIC tn wu

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The canplete filedef needed to read a 9-track, 1600 BPItape containing card images of a FORRAN program whereeach card image is also a physical record is given below.

filedef 8 tapl (9track den 1600 recfm f lrecl 80 block 80)

..

Note that the tape is mounted on your virtual drive 181.If the records were blocked so that 10 card images formeda single physical record, the complete filedef would be

Tips and Techniques July 16, 1982

1raRAcK specify n as 7 or 9 depending on the number of tracksTV'QI a a is a code specifying parity, converter and translator

settings (see the manual if you need to use this option)DEN n n represents the density and may be 200,556,800,1600 or 6250.REBCM a a indicates the record format and may be

F (fixed-length records)FB (fixed-length, blocked records)V (variable-length records)VB (variable-length, blocked records)U (undefined-length records)FS (fixed-length, s ard blocked records)FBS (fixed-length, blocked, standard blocked records)VS (variable-length, spanned records)VBS (variable-length, blocked, spanned records)

1RBC n n is the length in bytes of the logical record (default=80)n is the actual record length if the records are

fixed-lengthn is the length of the largest record if the records

are variable lengthn is emitted if the records are undefined-length

n n is the length in bytes of the physical record (default=80)n is the same as if RECFM is F or FSn is a multiple of LRECL if REBCM is FB or FBSn is LREXL+4 if RECFM is V or VSn is a multiple of LRECL+4 plus 4 more if RECAM isVB or VBS

n is the greatest amount of space required to hold allof the records that are to be grouped together ifRECM is U

- I I�-·I II I I I __

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I :DB.CDA Before you use a tape, it must be mounted on a physicalCam.L MPE drive which is attached to your virtual drive. The com-

mand to mount a tape is of the form "gettape vsn= addr=tracks= density= ring=". VSN= is the name of the volume,addr= is the virtual address of the vwur drive (181 to184), tracks= is the number of tracks, density= is thedensity and ring= indicates whether or not a write may beissued to the tape. The value of ring is "in" if a writemay occur and "out" if the tape is read only.

The mount command will produce two messages on your ter-minal. The first, MOUNT ACCEPiED, tells you that yourrequest has been transmitted to the operator console.The second message, TAPE 18n ATTACHED, is the one thattells you that your tape has been mounted.

When you are finished using the tape, you should detachyour virtual tape drive with a "detach 18n" command; thesystem response is TAPE 18n DETACHED. The entire se-quence of mounting and dismounting a physical tape,Bxxxxx, fraom your 182 drive is given below.

gettape vsn=xxxxxx addr=18n tracks=9 density=1600 ring=outMOUNT ACCEPIED : Bxxxxx AS 182 AT 16:07:04 07/20/81R; T=...TAPE 182 ATTACHED

[ tape used here ]detach 182TAPE 182 DETACHEDR; T=...

Getting Yoar If you have a program or data that is on a physical tapeProgra onto Yor and you wish to transfer it to your minidisk, you will

Dik Fr Tae first need to ask the operations staff to mount your tapeon a physical drive. Use the mount command presentedabove. For the remainder of this discussion, assume thatvirtual tape drive 181 is the one you have chosen to use.

Once the tape has been mounted on a physical drive, youmust give two FTTEDEF cozrands, one describing the inputtape and one describing the disk file to be used as theoutput file. The MOVEFILE carmand is used to move theinput file to the output file. Multiple files on the in-put tape may be copied to different disk files by repeat-ing this sequence of commands.

The ccmmands needed to copy the first two files of Bxxxxxto disk files FILE1 PROGRAM A and FILE2 DATA A are givenbelow. The assumption is that the card images are notblocked. After the files have been copied, be sure todetach the tape from the virtual drive.

Tips and Techniques

t

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filedef irmtve tapl (9track den 1600 recfm f lrecl 80 block 80)filedef outmov disk filel program a (recfm fbs Irecl 80 block 80)movefile irntove outalvfiledef irnove tapl (9track den 1600 recfm f lrecl 80 block 80)filedef outmov disk file2 data a (recfm fbs Irecl 80 block 80)nmvefile irxnve outmov

Notice that in this example the unit identifier isalphanumeric rather than a unit number. "i rove" and"outov" may be replaced with numbers if they arereplaced throughout the example. Unit numbers are lim-ited to 1-99.

What is a SpoolFile?

You will recall fram previous discussions that you haveat your disposal a virtual machine consisting of variousvirtual devices (e.g. readers, printers, punches, etc.).When you direct your virtual machine to "punch" a file toyour card reader, or to "print" the contents of a file,you are creating a ol file. A spool file then, is themechanism by which files are manipulated within the vir-tual machine envirornent. Spool files reside in systemareas on disk, not in a user's minidisk area.

Spool files are manipulated within the CP environment bya variety of commands. Below are listed several of themost frequently used.

The RDR Command

The RDRX Command

This commnand examines each file in your reader to deter-mine its format and then asks you what you wish to dowith it. For more information on the RDR coamand, issuea 'help rdr'.

The RDRX ommnand provides a facility much like FLIST, butfor files in your virtual reader. When executed fraom aterminal without full-screen capabilities, RDRX executesin a "teletype" mode allowing you to enter commands de-tailing what is to be done with your reader files.

Following is a list of same of the RDRX commands and whatthey allo one to do,

Tips and Techniques July 16, 1982

^s - M Iwnc- -- Mr.

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BROWSE - Allows one to browse a specified RDR file.COPY - Allows one to copy a specified RDR file to another person's

virtual reader.HELP -- Produces the RDRX HELP file.PRINT - Produces a copy of a specified RDR file on the line printer.PURGE - Erases the specified file.READ - Reads a specified RDR file onto a specified disk (permanent or

temporary.)XEDIT - Edit a specified RDR file.

Commands also exist to sort the files in the user's vir-tual reader by class, date, name, or size.

For a complete description of the usage of RDRX, do aHELP RDRX.

Getting yawc You

Disk F Cad

Assuming that you have a program or data on cards thatyou would like to store on your virtual disk, you willneed to preceed the deck with an ID card. This card be-gins in column 1 with the keyword ID. In column 10, youput your logon id. Clearly mark the deck "IBM-4341" withan ink marker and give it to the operations staff. Thisdeck is then read in by the computer operations staff andit will appear on your virtual card reader. If you arelogged on, when the file is transferred, a message willappear on your terminal; if not, the message will not berepeated. Issuing the command "query reader all" willgive you descriptive information on the files in yourvirtual card reader.

Now you must move those files to your minidisk. To dothis, type the command "rdr". The system will promptyou as to whether you wish to save or purge each deck inyour reader.

IE hTO hP AJB 10 B 0CD7600

The following method allows you to run a job on the CDC7600 from the IBM 4341 and have the output return to yourvirtual card reader.

Using XEDIT described in chapter 4, build a file whichincludes your source code and data and the necessary 7600Job Control Cards. Do NOT include the *END statement.An example of a file with filename J76SEND and with file-type JOB might appear as illustrated on the next page:

Tips and Techniques -5- July 16, 1982

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The *DISPOSE card will cause your printout to be returnedto your virtual card reader. For more information on thevirtual reader associated with your machine, please referto the previous section on Spool File Manipulation.

76BO To submit the above file to the CDC 7600 you may use anNCAR exec called 7600JCB. Just enter:

7600job j76send job

More information on moving jobs around the network may befound in the publication entitled The NCAR Local Network.

ii , . - . i

co -N233 -i aPRM ~4341

Usi ~ ti -- K

Submitting a job to the CRAY-1A fran one of your diskfiles on the IBM 4341 is a relatively simple matter. Youneed to use the ONR exec 'CRAYJOBA. The method for usingthis exec is described below.

This is perhaps the easiest method to employ when sendinga job to the CRAY-1A via the IM 4341. However, certainrules must be observed:

* The file to be sent to the CRAY-1A must contain theappropriate CRAY Job Control Language (JCL) neededto execute the job.

* The JCBCARD must contain two fields not required onjobs submitted via the 7600. The "US" field must beset to the 12-digit integer consisting of your usernumber and your project number. You must also in-clude a "JN" field consisting of any alphanumericfield (it will be overwritten by the system but mustbe included for proper job submission).

* The filename may be any permitted stringter

* Make certain that the job file does not\BED (end of data) card.

of charac-

contain an

Tips and Techniques

*JB ,ssss ,p ,n ame*DISPOSE ,=PR,MF=IO ,DC=ST*FORRAN, FLsource code

*RUN, I

- I ---· I - �e � � ___ O --·-

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Setoizvj tC FUl Send the job to the CRAY-1A by typing:

crayjob [filename] [filetype]

For more detailed information on this procedure, pleaserefer to the IBM 4341 Tutorials which may be obtainedfroman the Consulting Office.

(E IDM 4341The following table summarizes the currently availablegraphics utilities on the NCARLIBS 460 disk (for informa-tion on the NCARLIBS machine, do a "HELP NCARLIBS"; forinformation on linking to the various disks on the NCAR-LIBS machine, do a "HELP LINKLIB".)

DESCRIPTION CLASS REBSRICTIONS

A demo plot file to be used withPLT, MCTRVT, or MCTRHP.

Metacode translator for Hewlett-Packard 2648A terminals.

Metacode translator for DEC VT100graphics terminals.

EXEC for disposing plot files to theDicomed film recorders.

EXEC for interactive examinationand editing of plot files.

EXEC for disposing text files to theDicomed film recorders for printersimulation.

More versatile EXEC than PRD1 forprinter simulation of multiple textfiles on the Diccmed film recorders.

Available throughclasses 120, 130.

Available throughclasses 120, 130.

Available throughclasses 120, 130.

Available throughall classes.

Available throughclasses 120, 130.

Available throughall classes.

Available throughall classes.

Complete details on any of the utilities in the abovetable can be obtained by first linking to the graphicsdisk (GRAPH) and then typing "HELP name" where "name" isthe name of any one of the utilities.

Tips and Techniques

FILENAME

FTILTYPE

METACODE

MODULE

EXEC

EXEC

MCTRRV

PLD1

PLT

PRD1

PRSIM

BQ·(·�··IYI)I�·311�·II�·�D�·L�L·I II I -- C- -, -- �------�� �-u�

-__C_-___ __________ ___ _______

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Prwiulgng lot

tth OX: 7600

It should be noted here that the capability of previewingplot files on the IBM is only possible when using a DECVT100 graphics terminal or an HP2648A terminal logged onthrough either classes 120 or 130.

Suppose you have the following job stored on your A diskwith a file name PLo and a filetype JOB.

IsI-Pl~~~I thi jobs is sunite to_ th _C760 it te

If this job is submitted to the CDC 7600 with the om-mand:

7600JB P JOB

upon termination of this job on the 7600 the generatedplot file will be disposed to your virtual reader with afilename PLT7 and a filetype METACODE (if no filename andfiletype are specified on the *DISPOSE card, the systemwill automatically generate them.)

If the plot file is loaded onto a permanent or temporarydisk (using RDRX for example), it can be previewed usingeither of the utilities PLT or MCRxx (where "xx" iseither "Vr" or "HP" as appropriate.)

FiAS GPPAYIAmAs mentioned earlier, the ability to preview plot fileson the IBM is only possible when using a DEC VT100 graph-ics terminal or an HP2648A terminal logged on through ei-ther classes 120 or 130.

Suppose you have the following job stored on your A diskwith file name PLO and filetype JOCB:

Tips and Techniques July 16, 1982

*JOB 8000,40000000 ,USER*VHtME 8 ,VSN=PLOIME*DISPOSE ,EN=8 ,MF=IO DC=ST ,DF=BI ,TEMXrF=P-LT7' :FLTY=M*EACODE*F3RJPAN, BL

PROGRAM TSTCALL SET (O., .,0., 1.,0., 1.,0., 1.,l1)CALL GRID(1,1,1,l)CALL FRAMESTOPEND

*FOTRAN, S=PLIB, SN=PLT .MEA, P=XLIB*RGN, I,EM

_ I _ I I _ · I _ �II II I�IP· IPO _Y _

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If this job is submitted to the CRAY-LA with the comrand:

CRAYJOB PLOr JOB

upon termination of this job on the CRAY-1A, the gen-erated plot file will be disposed to the your virtualreader with file name PLTC and filetype METACODE (if nofilename and filetype are specified on the NETDISP card,the system will automatically generate them.)

If the plot file is loaded onto a permanent or temporarydisk (using RDRX for example), it can be previewed usingeither of the utilities PLT or MCTRxx (where "xx" iseither "VT" or "HP" as appropriate.)

I1NB; TLmI The Directory Maintenance (DIIBIINT) feature of the 4341allows you to exercise sane measure of control over thecharacteristics of your directory entry at NCAR. Moreinformation on the use of DIMAINT may be obtained in theIBM publication Directory Maintenance: A Guide for Gen-eral Users, or by typing help dirm'. -

Sane of the more useful canands associated with theDirectory Maintenance (DIRMAIN) feature are listedbelow:

Command Name

DISTRIB

DINK

FOR '

Description

This command will change the distribution codewhich is printed or punched with your userid.

This ccmmand allows you to drop links made viathe LINK commnand to one of your minidisks.

This cxrnand allows the authorized user to enterany of the non-priviledged DIgrINT ccmanandson behalf of the specified userid.

Tips and Techniques

JOB ,T=3 ,OLM=5 ,IJN=USER,JUS=800040000000.

LDR.NETDISP, EEN=$PLT ,MF=IO,DC--ST,DF=-BI ,F12LM=PLTC, FLTY=MEACODE.EXIT.\EBF

CALL SE (O. ,1. ,0. ,1. ,0. ,1. ,0. ,1. ,1)CALL GRID (1,1 l 1)CALL FRAMESTOPEND

I� _ _ _ _ __ _ _

-I - I II sl- I IIIII II I-- 1. � I

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HELP Produces an extended menu of DIiMNT options,operands, and topics.

This command is used to specify autanatic IPLat logon time fram your directory entry.

LINK This command permits you to establish automaticlinks at logon time to another user's minidisk.

MDISK This comrand permits you to change the accessmode and/or the access password for one ofyour minidisks.

MDPW This oamnand returns to you a listing of theminidisk passwords for one or all of yourminidisks (more information below).

PW This Ocmnand will change you logon password.

QLOG This camnand spools any messages you may havereceived after you logged off or disconnectedto your virtual reader.

REVIEW This comuand reviews the current passwordsand other directory statenents.

This command permits you to change the sizeof your virtual storage.

TERM Permits you to establish logical line editingsymbols that will remain in effect during yourterminal ssession.

Cianed Disc Your disks are initially set up for you with read/writeloe- ' o passwords. To find out what your current passwords are

P d--~ l you may enter:

dirm ndpw <return>

The system will pronpt you for your CP (logon) passwordto validate the Scomand. After you give your passwordand <return> your disk passwords will be displayed. Thefollowing example shows a typical display of disk pass-words.

Tips and Techniques July 16, 1982

DVHF301I MINIDISK 191: READ=RD WRITE=WR MLTI=WDVHmF301I MINIDISK 192: READ=RED WRTE=WR MULTI=CMCMSa<;

I

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Now that you see what your access passwords are you maychange them using the DIRM MDISK command. This commandwill ask for the address of the minidisk whose access youwant to change. It will then prompt you and at the sametime provide you with adequate information to change yourpasswords. To find out how to change your passwordsand/or to change your password enter:

dirm mdisk <return>

aU5 a sr FLIST is a CMS cmanmand which may be used to display afull-screen list of files. You have the option of speci-fying a given set of files, or of listing files on disksother than your 'A' disk. By default, you will obtain alisting of all of the files on your A disk.

With FLIST, you can perform any permitted CMS operation(e.g. XEDIT, copy, erase, etc.) by entering the appropri-ate ommand in the input area immediately to the right ofthe fileid. There are many features to the FLIST commandwhich may be perused by using the HELP facility. Formore detailed information about FLIST, type 'help flist'.

DQE~: FLIST may only be used in full-screen mode.

BROWSE is a facility which permits you to scan a file orfiles to which you have access. Once inside of theBROWSE facility you can issue subcommands to obtain asplit-screen BROWSE of different files or different lev-els within the same file. More information on the BROWSEfacility may be obtained via the HELP facility by typing"help browse'.

~OES: BROWSE may only be used in full-screen mode.

CM6 i~ux DEBUG is a CMS command which can be used to enter the VMdebug environment fram CMS. In the debug environment youcan use a variety of debug subcomnands which will allowyou to test and debug your programs.

One note of caution: In DEBUG it is possible to dumpyour entire virtual machine (fran 0 to END in the virtualmachine file definitions). Care should be taken to avoidthis situation. The DEBUG subccrnands are described in"Section 4. DEBUG Subconnands" which is located in theIBM publication VM/SP CMS Command and Macro Reference.

06fi cB :IMm; CMS has a subset of commands which may be invoked whenyou are using the system editor XEDIT. Within the sub-set, you may execute only the CMS commands in the listbelow:

Tips and Techniques -11- July 16, 1982

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CP . GENMD STARTDEBUG INCLUE STATEERASE LOAD STATEWFETCH L DD

To return to the edit node (or to exit Aonpletely franCMS SUBSET) simply type ETN.

leSr You may be thrown into CM SUBSET inadvertently ifyou anormally terminate frao FLIST or fran an EXIC.

For more information on the CM SUBSET, please refer tothe IBM publication entitled: CMS Command and MacroReference manual (No. SC19-6209-0).

. S

Tips and Techniques -12- July 16, 1982

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Supporte ArSupported Terminal Keyboard Templates

__ I_ ___ I __ �_C

_ ____ __ I

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VT100

Keyboard Layout for 3277 Emulation via Series/1 for terminal type VT100.

1E-U

''If

@P2 9PF3 PF4

4 ^ 5 PF 6 1P

IPF4 5 6 P

PFIO PAI0 1 R

-PF2 0

Enter CP Mode'

Legend: (XXX

-XXX=XXX

XXXA

- Striking the key while depressing CTRL yields the function XXX.These are independent of upper/lower case.

- The 2 char sequence, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.- The 3 char sequence, ESC, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.- The key yields the function XXX directly.- The key should not be depressed. Inadvertent use of these keys mayrequire "DISP" and/or "RSET".Functions marked in lower case symbols are seldom used, orthe marked key is a secondary way to activate the function.

SPACE. ... _.Next Page

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}M iEATD roicN LIST for the VrlooFunctions Commonly Used With CP, COS, and XEDrIT(Keystroke >[] means to use key [] on the numeric keypad)

. , . . ., . . , . - .,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Function Description Keystroke Mneonic Reminder & Coments

CLRDOMNENTM

LEFT

ClearDelete CharacterDown CursorEnterInsert Mode On/OffLeft Cursor

NWqN NewlinePA1 Usually Means

Enter CP Mode.PA2 Usually Means Display

PA3 Program Access Key 3PFl-10 PF Keys I to 10

tPF4 PF4 (XEDIT Tabkey)

PF11cPF12PFll-20

PF21PF22

UP

t

Right CursorUp Cursor

CTRL-Z

>[o

>[,J> (1]> [O]

> [, -]ESC,>[(1

ESC,> [(O

EC,> [-1

UP

(Z)ap screen(DEL)ete characterkey marked with arrow

i(N)sert mode on/offkey marked with arrow

PA keys 1 to 3 are locatedsequentially

(ER) next page whendisplay indicates (MORE)

numeric keypad givesPF key of same digit(T)abkey for XEDIT

Preceding ESC adds 10 toall PF keys

key marked with arrowkey marked with arrow

FNCTIS U ED TO C L THE EMULA

Function Description Reystroke

Display RefreshEnter Series/1 EDX SysPurge Type-aheadError ResetType-lock ReleaseTransmission ControlTransnission Control

CrRL-D

CrRL-RCTRL-TCTRL-SCrRL-Q

(D) isplay refreshNot for general use(P)urge type-ahead buffer(R)eset after error(T) ype-lock releaseTo be avoidedTo be avoided

NTE: If "xoff is typed inadvertently, the user should type "xon"to restore normal transmission. Other situations may require "RSETI'

DISPedxptaRSETtrelxoffxon

FIELD FO 'rTING FUNCrIONS -

Function Description Keystroke Mnemonic Reminder & Canents

ff.d Forward Field CIL-F (F)orward field skipbfld Back Field CTRLB (B)ackward field skipeeof Erase to End of Field CrRL-E (E)rase fieldeinp Erase Input Fields ESC,I (I)nput erasedup Duplicate FieldESC,'fm Field Mark ESC,;hane Hmne Cursor ESC,H (H)ome

- -- -- -- ------ --- -- I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

c

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PERKIN-ELMER 1100 (FOX)

Keyboard Layout for 3277 Emulation via Series/1 under terminal type PEi 100.

r----These are used as PF Keys 1 1 through 24 when preceded by ESC, ESC----- -- These are used as PF Keys 1 through 12 when preceded by ESC-------1 /-\ / r- _.

l Rs i A

Y±JBNEW^

LINEE-1 NABL

A V

-- ISPACE -7-Legend: (XXX - Striking the key while depressing CTRL yields the function XXX.These are independent of upper/lower case.-XXX - The 2 char sequence, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.= XXX - The 3 char sequence, ESC, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.XXX - The key yields the function XXX directly.

v - The key should remain depressed for propper emulation.A - The key should not be depressed. Inadvertent use of these keys mayrequire "DISP" and/or "RSET".Functions marked in lower case symbols are seldom used.

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EMLTED EDNCTION LITS for PEUOOFunctions <Tuanly Used With CP, CMS, and X)DIT:

Function Description

CR ClearDEL Delete CharacterDOMN Down Cursor

INSHLEFT

EnterInsert Mode On/OffLeft Cursor

NWLZ NewlinePA1 Usually Means

Enter CP ModePA2 Usually Means Clear

to Next PagePA3 Program Access Key:PF1-12 PF Keys 1 to 12

PF11-24 PF Keys 11 to 24

PF4 PF4 (XEDIT Tabkey)

RGir Right CursorUP Up CursorDON Down CursorLEFT Left CursorRGHT Right Cursor

eystroke Mnemonic Reminder & Ccments_ .... .................................................... __................

CRL-ZDELCTRL-J

or LINEFEE

CRL-NCTRL-K

or BACKSPACECTRL-G

or CTRL-3 CR]-1

to ESC,-ESCSC C ,, 1

to CEC,TAB

or ESC,4CTRL-LCTRL-U

CTRL-KCMM-L

(Z)ap screen(DEL)ete characterdirectly below "up"

i(N)sert mode cn/offsee "up"

(G)o to next linePA keys are positioned

sequentially(DEL)ete current page whendisplay indicates (MORE)

PF keys are positionedsequentially andare as mnemonic aspossible

(T)abkey for XEDIT

see "up"(U)p cursorkeys for up, down, left

and right, form aconvenient oattern

Function Description

Display RefreshEnter Series/I EDX SysPurge Type-aheadError ResetType-lock ReleaseTransmission ControlTransmission Control

cr~m-DCr rg-CCrRLd-PC'RL-RCT MirCrRL-SCrRL-Q

(D) isplay refreshNot for general use(P)urge type-ahead buffer(R) eset after error(T)ype-lock release

To be avoidedTo be avoided

NOTE: If "xoff" is typed inadvertently, the user should type "xon"to restore normal transmission. Other situations may require "EI'T".

Keystroke

DISPedxptaRSSTtrelxoffxon

FIE.. tQ'M=M FUTT N FCTIOMS

Function Description Keystroke Mnenic Reminder & Cmnents

ffld Forward Field CTL-F (F)orward field skiobfld Back Field CTRL-B (B)ackward field skipeeof Erase to End of Field CTRL-E (E)rase fieldeinp Erase Input Fields ESC,I (I)nput erasedup Duplicate Field ESC,:fm Field Mark ESC,;hmae FHme Cursor ESC,H (H)ame cursor

--r =�-�- -�--�--- arr� � I � --- ---c- ---------- �rrr - ----�- ---- -�r�- _ _ ��_.1.1.�_,-. �_..

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Hewlett-Packard 2648-AKeyboard Layout for 3277 Emulation via Series/1 under terminal type HP2648A

RESET TAPE DISP BLOCKTRMNL TEST FUNC MODE

RMOTE CAPS MEMRY AUTOLOCK LOCK LF

READ RCORD

ENTER BREAK

(2

fPF1 I fPF2 fPF-3) PF41

(jV IJ J f211 f31 I'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I I~~1

PF5 F6(P7~ PF8 rI f6 f7 fJ

LLF J5 (-F2 -PF137 -PF18J [

It'pp onp esrpr~ pafleft 7 7f PF9 Vf io

BACK AUTO G CLEARSPACE PLOT CURSR TAB

k__^ !^F19J A^ (-PF201[__

I , r

PFII PF12

NSRT DELETLINE LINE

INSM DEL

NSRT DELETCHAR CHAR

T CLEARTB DISP

IN OUT *- HOME LJ

FAST OPREVCURSOR ZOOM DOWN PAGE

SPACE

Legend (XXX - striking the key while depressing CTRL yields function XXX.These are independent of upper/lower case.-XXX - the 2 char sequence, ESC, key, yields function XXX.XXX -the key yields the function XXX directly.

V - the key should remain depressed for proper emulation.A -the key should not be depressed. Inadvertent use of the keysmay require "DISP" and/or "RSET".

Functions marked in lower case symbols are seldom used, or themarked key is a secondary way to activate the function.

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HP2648A EMCLATE EFTNCIC LISTFunctions Commonly Used With CP, CMS, and XEDIT:

Function Description Keystroke Mnemonic Reminder & Canents

ClearDelete CharacterDown CursorEnterInsert Mode On/OffLeft Cursor

NWLN NewlinePA1 Usually Means

Enter CP ModePA2 Usually Means Clear

to Next PagePA3 Program Access Key 3PF1-8 PF Keys 1 to 8

PF4 PF4 (XEDIT Tabkey)

PF9PF10PFUllPF12PFU-22

PFPFPFPFPF

Key 9Key 10key 11key 12keys 11 to 22

aMIR -PLEXEM CHAR

CH OAR

or BACKSPAMZRVIL DOM11EV PAM

key marked with arrow

key marked with arrow

NEXT PAGE

nonefl

to f8TAB

or f4AUmOO POTG CURSORINSERT LINEE. LINE

ESC followed

IGt - Right CursorUP Up Cursor

PF keys are msitionedsequentially

(T)abkey for XEDIT

by PFl-12, i.eo, ECadds 10

key marked with arrowkey marked with arrow

I

Function Description Kestroke

Display RefreshEnter Series/I EDX SysPurge Type-aheadError ResetType-lock ReleaseTransmission ControlTransmission Control

TAPE TESrCT'L-ACrRL-PCTRL-R

CRL-

Not for general use(P) urge type-ahead buffer(R) eset after error(T) ype-lock release

To be avoidedTo be avoided

NOrE: If xoff is typed inadvertently, the user should type "on'to restore normal transmission. Other situations may require "RSET".

INSR

DISPedxptaRSErtrelxoffxon

FIELD FORHAIMG ICNICNSFunction Description Keystroke Mnemonic Reminder & Ccments

ffld Forward Field CTL-RIGfr key marked with arrowbfld Back Field CTRL-LEFT key marked with arroweeof Erase to End of Field DEL (DEL)ete to end of fieldeinp Erase- Input Fields C -CLEAR D6PLYdup Duplicate Field ESC,:fm Field Mark ESC,;hame Hcmne Cursor HOM key marked with arrow

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ' - .. ,

__ _Y_ __ I_ L·l ___L_ Ils_ _·II� I_

�I __

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Keyboard Layout for 3277 Emulation via Series/1 for terminal type ADM3A.Enter CP Mode

BREAK HERE IS PROG

-These are used as PF Keys 11 through 24 when preceded by ESC ESC-- These are used as PF Keys 11 through 24 when preceded by ESC, ESC- ….....h---These are used as PF Keys 1 through 1 2 when preceded by ESC- - - - - --

-PF7 PF8 -PF9

ESC Q E R T Y U I O P ~( LINE ENTR 4 5 6L L IE RETURN PF4 -P5 6 TA

x Pa e

CAP 'A 1 f I I2 (PA2C AP G K LLOCK RUB -PF 1 -PF2 -

PF 3 R-DEL XPX- TPFI -PFI X

T

SHIFT v S I T

Legend: (XXX - Striking the key while depressing CTRL yields the function XXX.These are independent of upper/lower case.

-XXX - The 2 char sequence, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.=XXX - The 3 char sequence, ESC, ESC, key, yields the function XXX.XXX - The key yields the function XXX directly.

V - The key should remain depressed for propper emulation.^ - The key should not be depressed. Inadvertent use of these keys may

require "DISP" and/or "RSET".Functions marked in lower case symbols are seldom used.

ADM 3A+

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EMUIATED UNrTION LIST for the AEM3A TEMAFunctions Commonly Used With CP, CMS, and XEDIT:

FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

CLR ClearDEL Delete CharacterDWN Down Cursor

ENTR EterINSM Insert Mode On/OffLET Left CursorNWE NewlinePAl Usually Means

Enter CP ModePA2 Usually Means Display

Next PagePA3 Program Access Key 3PFl-12 PF Keys 1 to 12

tPF11-24 PF Keys 11 to 24

PF4

RGHTUP

Right CursorUp Cursor

t

C

KEYST-CKE MEN4IC REMINDER & CxWENTS

CRZ- (Z) ap screen~RB q(RB)out charactermDm key marked with arrowor LINEFED

CTRL-NLEFTCTRL-GESC,H

CTRL-RUBor ESC,DDOM

ESCRHTrESC,1

:o ESC,-ESCES C, 1

to EF.

tO ESCESCJ]TAB

)r ESC,4

UP

i(N)sert mode on/offkey marked with arrow(G)o to next linePA keys 1 to 3 are locatedsequentially(RUB)out current page whendisplay indicates (MORE)

PF keys are positionedsequentially andare as mnemonic aspossible

(T)abkey for XEDIT

key marked with arrowkey marked with arrow

TrICONS USED TO Cr THE EMULA'ORFunction Description Keystroke

Display RefreshEnter Series/I EDX SysPurge Type-aheadError ResetType-lock ReleaseTransmission ControlTransmission Control

CTM-D

CTRL-P

CrRL-R

CTRL-T

(D) isplay refreshNot for general use(P)urge type-ahead buffer(R)eset after error(T)ype-lock release

To be avoidedTo be avoided

NCE: If "xoff" is typed inadvertently, the user should type "xon"to restore normal transmission. Other situations may require "RSET".

DISPedxptaRSETtrelxoffxon

FIELD FOErMrING FUNCTIONSFunction Description Keystroke Mnemonic Reminder & Caonents

ffld Forward Field CRL-F (F)orward field skipbfld Back Field CRL-B (B)ackward field skipeeof Erase to End of Field CTRL-E (E)rase fieldeinp Erase Input Fields ESC,I (I)nput erasedup Duplicate Field ESC,@fim Field Mark ESC,;home Home Cursor HCM

�-�I----s - I - -s -- -~I-�L- c - -

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A9IX BFiletypes Used by CMS Ccmnands

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Sm FVIR SI BYQ

aCOsME~r

Points to files that contain UPDATE controlstatements for multiple updates.

Lists files that either contain UPDATE controlstatements or point to additional files.

Can contain COPY control statements and macrosor copy files to be added to MACLIBs.

Can contain sequences of CMS or user-writtencommands, with execution control statements.

Contains descriptive information for CP andCMS comands, messages, EXEC2 statements,CMS Editor and System Product Editor sub-camnands, and menu lists.

MODULE files created by the GENbMD cormand arenonrelocatable executable programs. Thesecan be executed as new CMS commands.The LOAEMUD cacnmand loads a MDULE file forexecution; the MOEMP command displays a mapof entry point locations.

SYNCNYM Contains a table of synonyms for CMS coRmandsand user-written EXEC and MODLE files.

Contains UPDATE control statements for singleupdates applied to source programs.

Contains a record of additions, deletions, orchanges made with UPDATE command.

Contains UPDATE control statements formultilevel updates.

Appendix B

FILETYPE

AUXxxxx

CNTRL

UPDATE

UPDATE

COPY

EXEC ELEC

GENMODDLOAEMDMOEMAP

HELPCMSHELPCPHELPDEBUHELPEDITHELPMENUHELPMSGHELPE2HELPHELPHELPXEDIHELPSETHELPPREF

MODULE

SYNONYM

UPDATE

UPDLOG

UPDrxxxx

UPDATE

UPDATE

UPDATE

MACLIB

-1- July 15 r 1982

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INDEX

The page numbers associated with this index are of the form: chapter-page.For example, an index item followed by the numbers 2-12 may be found inChapter 2 on page 12.

4341 Canputing System,an Introduction to the IBM, 1-1

4341 Full-Screen Editor, 4-184341 Line Editor, 4-24341 Operating System, 1-27600JOB, 6-6Access Mode Password,

Changing Disk, 6-10Accessing Your Virtual Disks

via CP or CMS, 2-10Additional Information on

Query and Set, 4-4Additional Useful Subccrands, 4-27Area,

The Prefix, 4-20The Status, 4-20

Arguments in EXECs,Using Variables and, 5-3

AUTOSAVE Subcmiand,SET, 4-31

Backward and Forward,PF7 and PF8: Scrolling, 4-22

BT4 S ,ubccrands,TOP and, 4-9

BR E,Using, 6-11

Calling an EXEC, 5-4Canceling Prefix Subcrmmands, 4-27CDC 7600,

Previewing Plot Files, 6-8How to Submit a Job to the, 6-5

Central Memory,Virtual Machine, 1-7

Change,Making a Global, 4-11Making a Selective, 4-11

CHANGE SubcImmand, 4-10Changes in a File,

Making, 4-10Changing Disk Access Mode

Password, 6-10Changing One Word to Another, 4-10Character,

Filemode, 1-8Characters,

Special, 2-12CLOCATE Subccnmand, 4-10

Conversational Monitor System, 1-6Files Under, 1-7

CMS Command Language, 2-7CMS Command Structure, 2-7CMS Commands,

Specific, 2-8CMS DEBUG Connand, 6-11CMS EXEC, 5-8CMS SUBSET, 6-11CMS System Editor: XEDIT, 1-6Code Developmnent Tools, 1-1Ccmmand,

The RDR, 6-4The RDRX, 6-4

Command Form, 3-1Command Language,

CP, 2-6CMS, 2-7

Command Language Extension Facility,IBM 4341, 5-1

Command Line, 4-19Cammand Name, 2-7Command Operands, 2-7Command Structure,

CP, 2-6CMS, 2-7

Commands,Specific CMS, 2-8Sanme Useful, 2-9

Communicating with VM/SP, 2-6Communications Facilities, 1-1Ccmmunications Link,

How to Establish a,, 2-1Concepts,

Virtual Machine, 1-4Configuration,

System, 1-2Control Program,

The, 1-5Conversational Monitor System (CMS),

The, 1-6COPY Subcomnand, 4-17Copying Lines,

Moving and, 4-15, 4-24CP Cmnnand Language, 2-6CP Cammand Structure, 2-6

INDEX-1

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CP or CMS,Virtual Disks via, 2-10

CRAY-LA,Sending the File to the, 6-7Submitting a Job to the, 6-6Previewing Plot Files, 6-8

CRAYJOB Exec,Using the, 6-6

Creating and Editing Files,The XEDIT Cammand, 4-2

Current Line,The, 4-20

DASD,The Disk Unit, 1-7

Data fran Another File,Inserting, 4-27

Data into a File,Entering, 4-6

Data: The INPU% Subcnomand,How to Enter, 4-22

DEBUG ,CamandThe CMS, 6-11

Deleting Lines,Inserting and, 4-12

Deleting Lines, 4-14Development Tools,

Code, 1-1Devices,

Virtual Unit Record, 2-8(Diagonal) Prefix Su [matmadf 4-27Digit,

Filemode, 1-8Directory Entry,

Establishing a, 2-1DIMAINT ,'

Using, 6-9Disk Access Mode Password,

Changing, 6-10Disk Fran Cards,

Your Program onto, 6-5Disk Fran Tape,

Your Program onto, 6-3Disk Unit: DASD,

The, 1-7Disks,

Accessing Your Virtual, 2-10Formatting Your Virtual, 2-5Releasing Virtual, 2-12Sharing Virtual, 2-10Temporary Virtual, 2-10Virtual, 2-10

Displaying the PF Key Menu, 4-21Displays,

Terminating Output, 2-13*DISPOSE, 6-6

DCWN Subcomands,UP and, 4-8

Editing Files, 4-2Editing on the IBM 4341, 4-1Editing Session,

Ending an, 4-17Editor,

CMS System, 1-6The IBM 4341 Full-screen, 4-18

Enter Data,The INPUT Subcmnnand, 4-22

Enter INPtU, 4-3Entering Data,

into a File, 4-6Establish a Caommunications Link,

How to, 2-1Establishing a Directory Entry, 2-1EXEC 2, 5-1EXEC 2 Language,

The, 5-5

Calling an, 5-4Submitting Input to an, 5-3The CMS. 5-8The PROFILE, 5-8Using the CRAYJOB, 6-6Your. P RFILE, 2-5

EXEC File,What Constitutes an, 5-1

EXEC File Created,How is an, 5-1

EXECS,

NCAR, 5-10Special, 5-8Using Variables and Arguments, 5-3

&EXIT, 5-6Exit INPUT, 4-4Extension Facility,

IBM 4341 Command Language, 5-1Features,

Interactive, 1-6RSCS and RJE, 1-7

File,Entering Data into a, 4-6Identification Line, 4-19Inserting a Whole, 4-27Inserting Data fran Another, 4-27Inserting Part of Another, 4-28Making Changes in a, 4-10Moving Through a, 4-7What Constitutes an EXEC, 5-1What is a Spool, 6-4

FILE Subcomnand, 4-17File to the CRAY-1A,

Sending the, 6-7

INDEX-2

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FILEDEFS,Using, 6-1

Filemode, 1-8Character, 1-8Digit, 1-8

Filenames, 1-8Files,

Creating and Editing, 4-2Generated on the CRAY-1A,Generated on the CDC 7600,Manipulating SPOOL, 6-4Moving, 6-1Previewing Plot, 6-8Under CMS, 1-7

Filetypes, 1-8FLIST,

Using, 6-11Formatting Your Virtual Disks, 2-5Full Screen Mode,

Using the HELP Facility in, 3-5Full Screen Editor,

The IBM 4341, 4-18Full-Screen Interrupt and Resume, 2-13Full-screen Logon, 2-4Full-Screen or Line Editor?,

Who Can Use the, 4-1Function (PF) Keys,

Using the Program, 4-20Gateway Machine,

The 4341 as a, 1-1Global Change,

Making a, 4-11&GOTO, 5-6Graphics Utilities

on the IBM 4341, 6-7HELP Facility,

Overview of the, 3-1HELP Facility

Full Screen Mode, 3-5Line Mode, 3-7

HELP MENUS, 3-4Helpful Information,

Other, 2-12IBM 4341,

Editing on the, 4-1Full-Screen Editor, 4-18Getting Started on the, 2-1Graphics Utilities on the, 6-7Line Editor, 4-2Tips and Techniques, 6-1

Identification Line,File, 4-19

&IF, 5-5Information on Query and Set,

Additional, 4-4

Information Services, 1-1Initial Logon Procedures, 2-5Input,

Enter, 4-3Exit, 4-4Prompting the User for, 5-2Subcommand, 4-3, 4-22To an EXEC, 5-3

InsertingA Line, 4-12A Whole File, 4-27And Deleting Lines, 4-12Data fromn Another File, 4-27Part of Another File, 4-28

Interactive Features, 1-6Interrupt and Resume, 2-13

Full-Screen, 2-13Line Mode, 2-13

Job Management Services, 1-1Job to the CDC 7600,

How to Submit a, 6-5Job to the CRAY-1A from the 4341,

Submitting a, 6-6Key Menu,

Displaying the PF, 4-21Keys,

Using the PF, 3-5Using the Program Function (PF), 4-20

Language,CP Command, 2-6IBM 4341 Command, 5-1The CMS Command, 2-7The EXEC 2, 5-5

Layout,The XEDIT Screen, 4-18

Line,File Identification, 4-19Inserting A, 4-12Replacing a, 4-15The Command, 4-19The Message, 4-19The Current, 4-20

Line Editor,The IBM 4341, 4-2

Line Mode,Using the HELP Facility in, 3-7

Line Mode Interrupt and Resume, 2-13Line Mode Logon, 2-4Line Pointer, 4-7Lines,

Deleting, 4-14Inserting and Deleting, 4-12Moving and Copying, 4-15, 4-24

INDEX-3

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Link,Establishing a Comunications, 2-1

Logging Off vs. Turning Off, 2-13Logging onto the 4341, 2-3Logon,

Full-screen, 2-4Line Mode, 2-4

Logon name and Password, 2-4Logon Procedures,

Initial, 2-5&LOOP, 5-6Lost and Found Department, 4-14Machine Central Memory,

Virtual, 1-7Machine Concepts,

Virtual, 1-4Making a Global Change, 4-11Making a Selective Change, 4-11Making Changes in a File, 4-10Management Services,

Job, 1-1Manipulating Spool Files, 6-4Memory,

Virtual Machine Central, 1-7Menu,

Displaying the PF Key, 4-21Menus,

HELP, 3-4Message Line,

The, 4-19Minidisks, 1-7Mode,

HELP Facility in Full Screen, 3-5HELP Facility in Line, 3-7

Mode Interrupt and Resume,Line, 2-13

Mounting a Physical Tape, 6-3MOVE SubcxoAand, 4-15Moving and Copying Lines, 4-15, 4-24Moving Files, 6-1Moving Through a File, 4-7Name,

The Conmand, 2-7Name and Password,

Your Logon, 2-4NCAR EXECS, 5-10One Word to Another,

Changing, 4-10Operands,

Cmxnand, 2-7Operating System,

The 4341, 1-2Output Displays,

Terminating, 2-13Overview of the HRP Facility, 3-1

PACX,Using the, 2-1

PACX frcm Remote Sites,Using the, 2-3

Part of Another File,Inserting, 4-28

Password,Your Logon name and, 2-4Changing Disk Access Mode, 6-10

Permanent Virtual Disks, 2-10PF Key Menu,

Displaying the, 4-21PF Keys,

Using the, 3-5Using the Program Function, 4-20

PF6: Redisplaying a Subcommand, 4-21PF7 and PF8: Scrolling Backward

and Forward, 4-22PF8: Scrolling Backward and Forward,

PF7 and, 4-22PF9: Re-executing a Subcommand, 4-22Physical Tape,

Mounting a, 6-3Plot Files Generated on the CDC 7600,

Previewing, 6-8Plot Files Generated on the CRAY-1A,

Previewing, 6-8Pointer,

Line, 4-7Prefix Area,

The, 4-20Prefix Subcmrand,

The 'A', 4-24The 'DA, 4-24The / (Diagonal), 4-27How to Use, 4-23Canceling, 4-27

&PRINT and &TYPE, 5-5Procedures,

Initial Logon, 2-5PROFILE XEC,

Your, 2-5The, 5-8

PRFILE XEDIT, 4-2, 5-10Program,

The Control, 1-5Program Function (PF) Keys,

Using the, 4-20Program onto Your Disk Fran Cards,

Getting Your, 6-5Program onto Your Disk Fran Tape,

Getting Your, 6-3Prampting the User for Input, 5-2Publications,

Related, 3-7

INDEX-4

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Query and Set,Additional Information on, 4-4

QUIT Subcommand, 4-17&RC, 5-6RDR Cammand,

The, 6-4RDRX Command,

The, 6-4&READ, 5-7Record Devices,

Virtual Unit, 2-8Redisplaying a rubcoanmand,

PF6:, 4-21Re-executing a Subcommand,

PF9:, 4-22References, 5-10Releasing Virtual Disks, 2-12Remote Sites,

Using the PACX from, 2-3Replacing a Line, 4-15Resume,

Full-Screen Interrupt and, 2-13Interrupt and, 2-13Line Mode Interrupt and, 2-13

RJE Features: RSCS, 1-7RSCS, 1-7SAVE Subcommnnand, 4-17Scale,

The, 4-20Screen Layout,

The XEDIT, 4-18Screen Mode,

Using the HELP Facility in Full, 3-5Scrolling Backward and Forward,

PF7 and PF8:, 4-22Selective Change,

Making a, 4-11Sending the File to the CRAY-1A, 6-7Services,

Information, 1-1Job Management, 1-1

SET AUTOSAVE Subcommand, 4-31Setting Tabs, 4-32Sharing Virtual Disks, 2-10Sites,

Using the PACX from Remote, 2-3&SKIP, 5-7Some Useful Commands, 2-9Special Characters, 2-12Special EXECS, 5-8Specific CMS Commands, 2-8Spool File?,

What is a, 6-4Spool Files,

Manipulating, 6-4

&STACK, 5-8Status Area,

The, 4-20Structure,

CP Caommand, 2-6CMS Command, 2-7

SubcaimJand,Additional useful, 4-27Canceling Prefix, 4-27CHANE, 4-10COPY, 4-17FILE, 4-17How to Enter Data: The INPUT,How to Use PREFIX, 4-23INPUT, 4-3MOVE, 4-15PF6: Redisplaying a, 4-21PF9: Re-executing a, 4-22QUIT, 4-17SAVE, 4-17SET AUTOSAVE, 4-31The 'A' Prefix, 4-24The 'D' Prefix, 4-24The / (Diagonal) Prefix, 4-27The CLOCATE, 4-10TOP and BCM, 4-9TYPE, 4-7UP and DOMW, 4-8

Submit a Job to the CDC 7600,HOW TO, 6-5

Submitting a Job to the CRAY-1Afrom the 4341, 6-6

Submitting Input to an EXEC,An Example of, 5-3

Subset,Summary of XEDIT, 4-34CMS, 6-11

Summary of XEDIT Subset, 4-34System,

The 4341 Operating, 1-2Getting Ccarmands into the, 2-4

System (CMS),The Conversational Monitor, 1-

System Configuration, 1-2System Editor: XEDIT,

CMS, 1-6

4-22

-6

Tabs,Setting, 4-32

Tape,Getting Your Program onto Your

Disk From, 6-3Mounting a Physical, 6-3

Techniques for using the IBM 4341,Tips and, 6-1

Temporary Virtual Disks, 2-10

INDEX-5

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Terminal,The, 2-4

Terminating Output Displays, 2-13Tips and Techniques for using the

IBM 4341, 6-1Tools,

Code Development, 1-1TOP and BOHTCM SubkIuands, 4-9&TRACE, 5-5Turning Off,

Logging Off vs., 2-13&TYPE, PRINT, 5-5TYPE Subommand, 4-7Unit: 1ASD,

The Disk, 1-7Unit Record Devices,

Virtual, 2-8UP and DOW Suboxmnands, 4-8Use PREFIX Subommands,

How to, 4-23Use the Full-Screen or Line Editor?,

Who Can, 4-1Useful Commands,

Sane, 2-9Useful Subcanands,

Additional, 4-27Using BROWSE, 6-11Using DIILINT, 6-9Using FLES, 6-1Using FLIST, 6-11Using the CRAYOB Exec, 6-6Using the HELP Facility

in Full Screen Mode, 3-5in Line Mode, 3-7

Using the PACX, 2-1Using the PACX fran Remote Sites, 2-3Using the PF Keys, 3-5Using the Program Function (PF) Keys, 4-2(Using Variables and Arguments in EXBCs, 5-Using your Virtual Machine, 2-8Utilities on the IBM 4341,

Graphics, 6-7Variables and Arguments in ts,

Using, 5-3Virtual Disks,

Accessing via CP or CMS, 2-10Formatting Your, 2-5Permanent, 2-10Releasing, 2-12Sharing, 2-10Teporary, 2-10

Virtual Machine,Central Memory, 1-7Concepts, 1-4Using your, 2-8

What is a, 1-4Virtual Unit Record Devices, 2-8VM/SP, 2-5

Communicating with, 2-6Whole File,

Inserting a, 4-27Word to Another,

Changing One, 4-10XEDIT,

CMS Svstne Editor:, 1-6PROFILE, 4-2, 5-10

XEDIT Ccmnand: Creating and Editing Files,The, 4-2

XEDIT Screen Layout,The, 4-18

XEDIT Subset,Summary of, 4-34

INDEX-6