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P10905EN / Per-Erik Nordström 22 September 2010 New gas engines for trucks and buses – diesel-like performance and modular design A new generation of engines, designed to run on biogas as well as natural gas, provides characteristics similar to diesel engines. The engines are tailored for distribution, refuse collection and city bus operation, with a broad choice of configurations for each. The modular in-house design makes for customary Scania levels of parts and service support, operating economy and a long ser-vice life. Developed in-house as part of Scania's new engine platform, Scania's new 270 and 305 hp gas engines for trucks and buses are now ready for the market. The engines come complete with Scania engineered fuel supply and storage systems tailored to the requirements of distribution trucks and city buses, respectively. Trucks: Gas engines can be specified on Scania P-series trucks (P 270 and P 310) with short, day or low-entry cabs, allowing all types of city operation. Chassis con-figurations are either 4x2 or 6x2 rear-steer, in both cases with full air suspension. An Allison 6-speed automatic gearbox is standard, with or without integrated retarder. City buses: Gas engines are available on Scania OmniCity (low-floor) and Scania OmniLink (low-entry) buses specified for inner-city operation. Starting with 12 m 4x2, the gas engines will also be available in other configurations from 12 to 18 m. The transmissions are 5- or 6-speed automatics from ZF with integrated retarder. Chassis modules are available for local bodybuilding.

Engine management and ignition Gas supply and air intake

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Gas engine architecture The basis is the latest 5-cylinder 9.3-litre engine platform (130 mm bore) used for Euro 5 and EEV (enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle) diesel engines. Modifi-cations include cylinder heads for centrally-mounted sparkplugs, a gas injection sys-tem in the intake manifold and a specially adapted camshaft. Low-compression pis-tons provide the 12.6:1 ratio that is suitable for lean-burn Otto combustion. A small fixed-geometry turbocharger is used with up to 2.5 bar (abs.) boost pressure (for quick response to throttle variations) combined with a wastegate with automatic per-formance control. Combustion is very lean and controlled by a closed-loop lambda sensor system and an air mass gauge is fitted in the intake. The engine management system automati-cally adapts to the gas quality. This is advantageous when running on biogas or mixes of biogas and natural gas, where some variation in gas quality might be en-countered. Gas engines with diesel performance The Scania engine management system controls a slave system from Bosch. This means that the engine management can be fully integrated in Scania’s diagnostics tools to provide convenient trouble-shooting for Scania service technicians. The per-formance has been tuned to provide diesel-like power and torque delivery, making it easy to adapt the characteristics to the automatic gearboxes fitted as standard:

OC9 G04 199 kW (270 hp) at 1,900 r/min 1,100 Nm at 1,000-1,400 r/min OC9 G05 224 kW (305 hp) at 1,900 r/min 1,250 Nm at 1,000-1,400 r/min

Customised tank layouts The gas tank installations are adapted to suit the needs of these market segments, i.e. distribution and refuse collection trucks and city buses. The operating pressure is 200 bar and the remaining fuel is displayed in percent on the fuel gauge, with a 10 bar ‘get-home’ margin when zero is indicated. The installations are certified ac-cording to ECE R110. Trucks: Eight 80-litre composite gas tanks providing a capacity of 640 litres and a typical operating range of up to 200 km. The tanks are mounted in compact 4-tank packages on each side of the chassis. Besides being strong and light, a major ad-vantage of composite tanks is that the useful service life is 20 years, compared to around six years for steel tanks. The overall weight of the tank package is more than 400 kg lighter than steel tanks of the same size.

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City buses: Four 320-litre aluminium tanks are mounted in a package on the roof, close to the front axle centreline to optimise weight distribution (the roof hatch loca-tions have been adapted accordingly). With 1,280 litres onboard, the typical inner-city operating range is around 500 km. The filler nozzle is located behind the front hatch on the door side. A G-sensor shuts off each tank and the gas supply to the en-gine in case of an impact (can be reset by the driver). A package of eight or ten 150-litre composite tanks for roof mounting is supplied with chassis modules. Pictures are available from the Scania Image Bank, http://imagebank.scania.com/. Enter “IAA2010” in the search field. For further information, please contact: - Lars Tegnelius, head of Otto engine development tel. +46-70 165 3618, email lars.tegnelius@scania.com - Per-Erik Nordström, Product Affairs, tel. +46-8 553 855 77, email per-erik.nordstrom@scania.com