Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk laj{k.k

Agrobiodiversity Conservation in Great Himalayan National Park

BTCA

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk D;k gS\

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk D;ksa t+:jh gS\

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk dSls u"V gks jgh gS\

When any species When any species or cultivar is lost or cultivar is lost the centuries old the centuries old traditional traditional knowledge about knowledge about the same also the same also disappear. It disappear. It disbalances the disbalances the mountain agro-mountain agro-ecosystem, farm ecosystem, farm sustainability and sustainability and food security.food security.

uksgk.Mk o rqax xzkeiapk;rksa ds 20 xkaoksa esa v/;;u

uksgk.Mk xzkeiapk;r% ckbVh] /kkjkukgha] ukgha] Mhaxpk] ?kkV] tfugkj] dkepk]

[kM+waxpk] ykdpk] jksik] 'kfyUxk] rfyUxk] frUnj

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk laj{k.k lEcU/kh xfrfof/k;ka

rqax xzkeiapk;r% fpi.kh&1] fpi.kh&2] Qfj;kM+h] e>V~Vu] ux/kkj] uS.kh] rqax

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk• 15 fofHkUu izdkj dh Q+lysa

• 45 ikjEifjd LFkkuh; fd+Lesa

uksgk.Mk iapk;r:

42 ikjEifjd fd+Lesa

rqax iapk;r :

19 ikjEifjd fd+Lesa

GHNP’s Traditional Crops and Its Cultivars

Millets: French White (Panicum milliaceum), Ragi or Red Millet: Echinochloa utilis), Red Jhalli (Oplismenus frumentaceus), Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana), Finger White (Echinochloa utilis) Pulses: Mash of Black Gram (Phaseolus mungo), Totru, Maser (Lens culinaris), Chana (Cicer aietenum), Kohl Beans: Chittera (urad) (Phaseolus vulgaris), White Chittera (safed urad), Red Chittera (laal urad), Kidney Bean (rajma), White Bean (safed rajma), Kohal, *UIBarley (Hordeum vulgare): Gundev, Shalai, Naked Barley (Hordeum himalayens), *UI Pea (Pisum sativum): Farsi, Lincon, Aurcul, *UICommon Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum): KathuMaize (Zea mays): Shatu, Chuhedani, Duani Wheat (Triticum aestivum): Siraji, Kinouri, *UIPotato (Solanum tuberosum): Dhankhri, Chandermukhi, Uptodate Kulth or Horse Gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum): Kulth Soybean (Glycine max)

* UI = Unidentified Local

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk ij eaMjkrk [k+rjk

• ckt+kj ls tqM+s xkaoksa esa ,d [k+kl Qly us [ksrksa ij d+Ct+k tek fy;k gS vkSj T+;knkrj ikjEifjd Q+lyksa dk lQ+k;k dj Mkyk gS-

• fgald [ksrh ds izlkj gsrq mUur fd+Leksa ds chtksa us ikjEifjd Q+lyksa ds chtksa dks dkQ+h uqd+lku igqapk;k gS-

• tkS] feyV~l] dkFkw] dqYFk dh [ksrh rst+h ls de gqbZ gS-

• eDdk] chu] nkysa] vkyw dh dbZ fd+Lesa vk/kqfud o fgald [ksrh ds ncko ds ckotwn [ksrksa esa ft+Unk gSa- D;ksa vkSj dSls\

Traditional cultivars have superior traits vis-a-via HYVs: in terms of yield, survival in harsh geo-climatic conditions at high altitudes, resistance to water stress/pathogens, total time of crop cycle, adaptation to local climates & farmers’ socio-economic situations, nutrition value, input-requirements, weed coexistence, etc.

• ikjEifjd LFkkuh; Q+lyksa dks cksus gsrq vkSj chtksa dks lajf{kr j[kus ds fy, izksRlkfgr djuk • ikjEifjd LFkkuh; Q+lyksa dh iSnkokj esa o`f) djus dh fn’kk esa iz;kl (agronomic interventions)• ikjEifjd LFkkuh; Q+lyksa ds mRikn esa DokfyVh dUVªksy• ikjEifjd LFkkuh; Q+lyksa ds mRikn dk ckt+kj ls fyad

Ñf"k&tSofofo/krk laj{k.k esa gekjh Hkwfedk% dy] vkt vkSj dy

Technical interventions : Formation of Farmers’ Committees at gram panchayat level Promotion of exchange of seeds of traditional cultivars On-farm Training & Counseling of farmers on Organic Production of traditional crops Exposure of farmers to organic farming site On-farm Training of farmers on Quality Control and Post-Harvest Storage Providing on-field technical inputs of organic cultivation, such as -

- manipulations in humus levels according to soil types- testing of nutrients in the soil and balancing them - planning the crop rotation and crop cycle- assistance in planning intercropping, storey culture and cover crops- use of compost, manure and bio-fertilizers - compost making and vermicompost - water harvesting and soil conservation- treatment, storage and selection of seeds of traditional cultivars - biological weed control, and bio-pesticides - other necessary technical inputs

Business Model

Organic Grains

BeanMaizeWheatHorse GramMilletsBuckwheat BarleySoybean________________

Agronomic Inputs

Organic Production (of 7-8 food crops)

Procurement of Grains

Semi-processing

& Processing

Marketing

QUAL I TY

CONT ROL

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Knowledge for Conservation

Research:

•Cultivation history•Bio-physical characteristics•Ethnobotany•Economics •Agronomic practices •Characterization of cultivars

Characterization:•Size/ color/ taste of the seed/ fruit/ tuber,•Nutrition value,•Resistance to pests/ insects/ pathogens/ water stress

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