Nomenclature of Branched - ALKANE -

ALKANES

MET

HYL

ETHY

L

METHANEETHANE

PROPANE

PRO

PYL

BUTANE

BUTY

L

PENTANE PENTYL

HEXANE

HEXYLHEPTANE

OCTANE

OCT

YL NONANE

NO

NYL

HEPTYL

DECANE

DECY

L

IUPAC RULES RULE # 1

• Locate the “PARENT CHAIN”• Longest continuous carbon – atom

chain and name it as your parent chain.

EXAMPLE

CH3 – CH – CH – CH – CH3

CH2 – CH3

CH2 – CH3CH3 – CH2 – CH212

345

678

4 – ethyl – 3,5 – dimethyloctane

IUPAC RULES RULE # 2

• Assign number to the “PARENT CHAIN”

• Make sure that it will give the lower number to any carbon in which the group is attached.

IUPAC RULES RULE # 3

• Locate and identify the attached “ALKYL GROUPS”

• Each group is located by the number of the carbon atom to which it is attached on the chain.

IUPAC RULES RULE # 4

• “COMBINE” the longest chain and the branches into the name.

• The position and the name of the attached alkyl group are added to the name of the longest chain

and written as one word.

IUPAC RULES RULE # 5

• Indicate the “number and the position” of the attached alkyl groups.

• If two or more of “the same” alkyl group occur as branches, the number of them is indicated by the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, etc.,

• If two or more “different” alkyl groups are present, their names are alphabetized and added to the name of the basic alkane.

O║

EXAMPLE

CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH – CH3

CH33HC – CH26 5

4 3 2

2,4 – dimethylhexane

1

Do U want to PLAY a

game?

Mechanics D’ class will be divided into 2 groups BOYS & GIRLS Each group will be represented by a leader I will be D’ one flashing D’ structures on screen Then, U will be naming D’ given structures. U will be given 20 seconds 2 answer. The winning group will receive a GIFT that will be revealed tomorrow.

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EXAMPLE

CH3 – C – CH3

CH3

CH3

2,2 – dimethylpropane

1 2 3

D’ game starts

Now………

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STRUCTURE # 1

CH3 – C – CH – CH – CH3

CH3

CH33HC

3HC1 2 3 4 5

2,2,3,4 – tetramethylpentane

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CH3 – C – CH3

O║CH3 – CH2

CH2 – CH3 3,3 – dimethylpentane

STRUCTURE # 21 2

3

4 5

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STRUCTURE # 3

CH3 – C – CH2 – C – CH3

CH2 – CH3

CH2 – CH3 3HC – CH2

3HC – CH2

3,5,diethyl – 3,5 – dimethylheptane

1 2

3 4

5

6 7

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STRUCTURE # 4

CH3 – C – CH3

CH3

CH3 – C – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

CH3 – CH2 CH – CH3

CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH3987

6

5

4

3

21

3 – ethyl – 2,2,3,6,7 – pentamethyl – 5 – propylnonane

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STRUCTURE # 5

CH3 – CH – C – CH – CH3

CH2 – CH3

CH3

3HC – 2HC

3HC – CH21 2

3 4

5

6 7

4 – ethyl – 3,4,5 – trimethylheptane

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STRUCTURE # 6

3HC – C – CH3

3HC – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH3

3HC – CH – CH2 – CH3

3HC – CH – CH2 – CH3876

543 2 1

4,4 – diethyl – 3,5,5,6 – tetramethyloctane

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CH3 – (CH2)2 – C – (CH2)3 – CH3

O║

STRUCTURE # 7

CH3 – CH – (CH2)2 – CH3

CH3 – (CH2)3 – CH – CH3

1234

5

6789105 – butyl – 4,6 – dimethyl – 5 - propyldecane

Do U want some

MORE?

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STRUCTURE # 8

F – C – C – H Cl

BrF

F

1 2

2 – bromo – 2 – chloro – 1,1,1 – trifluoroethane

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STRUCTURE # 9

Br – C – C – C - ClCl

F ClBr

Br F1 2 3

1,1,1 – tribromo – 3,3,3 – trichloro – 2,2 – difluoropropane

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STRUCTURE # 10

F – C – F

Cl

Cl

1

dichlorodifluoromethane

CYLOALKANESCYLOPROPANE

CYLOBUTANE

CYLOPENTANE

CYLOHEXANE

CYLOHEPTANE

CYLOOCTANE

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STRUCTURE # 11

Cl

ClCl Cl

ClCl

1,2,3,4,5,6 – hexachlorocyclohexane

6

54 3

2

1

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STRUCTURE # 12

(CH2)3 – CH3

CH2 – CH3

1 – butyl – 2 – ethylcyclobutane

1

2

Quick Mind Twister1. Describe and name the different Alkane

compounds?2.Specify the steps and factors involved in

Alkane Nomenclature.3. How does the latest computer software

bridge the distant gap in science and technology?

4.How can we apply the knowledge in alkane nomenclature in real – life setting?

Assignments1. Be ready for the presentation of your

output tomorrow.2. What are physical and chemical properties

of alkanes?3. Cite some industrial uses of organic

compounds ALKANE. References: All organic chemistry book will do