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Occupational health and safety

Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

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Page 1: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Occupational health and safety

Page 2: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Occupational health and safety legislation

Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usuallypresented in three parts

1. The Act- this outlines the general requirements2. Regulations- These set out legal requirements.

Regulations are mandatory, meaning that the employer and employee abide by them.

3. Approved codes of practice- These provide information on minimum standards and guidance on how standards can be met.

Page 3: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Duty of Care• One of the aims of OHS legislation is for

employees and employers to work together to maintain a safe workplace

• A general duty of care is placed on every one in the workplace. This general duty of care states the particular responsibilities of employers and employees and other people in the work environment

Occupational health and safety legislation

Page 4: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Employer’s responsibility

• Maintaining places of work under their control in a safe condition, and ensuring safe entrances and exits

• Making arrangements for ensuring the safe use, handling, storage and transport of plant and substances

All employers are required under OHS legislation to ensure the health and safety of their employees. Employers must ensure that health, safety and welfare of their employees when at work by:

Page 5: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Employer’s responsibility• Providing and maintaining systems of

work , and providing environments that are safe and without risk to health

• Providing information, instruction, training and supervision necessary to ensure the health and safety of employees

• Providing adequate facilities for the welfare of employees

Page 6: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Employees also have a responsibility to act in a safe manner and follow lawful instructions

• Employees must take reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves and others.

• Employees must cooperate with employers in their efforts to comply with Occupational health and safety requirements

Employee’s responsibility

Page 7: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Employees must not:

• Interfere with or misuse things provided for the health,

safety or welfare of persons at work

• Obstruct attempts to give aid or attempts to prevent a

serious risk to health and safety of a person at work

• Refuse a reasonable request to assist in giving aid or

preventing a risk to health and safety

• Disrupt a workplace by creating health or safety fears

Employee’s responsibility

Page 8: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

• OHS policies and procedures have

been written

• Hazards are being identified and assessed and control measures have been put in place to eliminate or reduce the risks

• Training in safe operating procedures is conducted

Documentation

Page 9: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Employers are expected to provide documented evidence that demonstrates:• Accidents and incidents are recorded and acted upon• Adequate training, first aid supplies and personal

protective equipment are provided

• Consultation mechanisms are in place

• All records are adequately maintained

Documentation

Page 10: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Principles of risk management

Page 11: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Identify the hazardChecklists are an effective way to identify hazards

When designing a checklist you need to consider : • What are the tasks?• How are the tasks performed? What are the

potential risks?• Have injuries occurred when performing this

tasks?• Have there been any near misses?

Page 12: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Sample checklist

Can you design a checklist that could be used for:

• an outdoor storage area

• a staff room that is also a lunch room with a sink, kettle &

microwave

• security for staff on late shift who may lock up & leave

after dark

Page 13: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Assess the risk

The level of ‘risk’ involved is assessed by considering:

• the consequences or possible severity of injury – for

example, would it require first aid, a week off work or lead

to permanent incapacity?

• the probability of injury – how likely is it that someone

could be injured – for example ‘highly likely’ or ‘not likely’?

Page 14: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Probability/Consequence

PROBABILITY

CONSEQUENCE Has happenedor near miss has occurred

Conceivablecould happen

Unlikelyto happen

Fatality or disabling injury or illness

High High Medium

HospitalisationMedical treatment by doctor

High Medium Low

First Aid treatmentMedium Low Low

Page 15: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Hierarchy of control• Can you eliminate the

hazard?• Can you substitute

something else for the hazard?

• Can you isolate the hazard or remove the person from the risk?

Page 16: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Hierarchy of control• Can changing the design of

furniture or using equipment reduce or eliminate the risk?

• Can the work practice be changed or could the person be trained to avoid the risk, e.g. manual handling

• Provide the person with personal protective equipment (PPE).

Page 17: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Control or manage the risk

To control or manage the risk:• Put in place policies and procedures • Put in place step-by-step instructions• Reduce the frequency of the task (eg

enter outdoor storage once for setup & once for packing away)

• Provide training • Use signage as a reminder • Regularly discuss OHS

Page 18: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Controlling the risk: safe work practices

Page 19: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Reporting and documentation

OHS legislation requires all workplace injuriesand near misses to be properly and accuratelyrecorded.

In the event of serious injury a written report isessential to protect the rights of both the employer and the employee.

Page 20: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Reporting and documentationAn accident report should include the following details:

• name of person injured• address of person injured• age and sex of person

injured• occupation of person

injured• date and time injury

occurred• type of injury sustained

• body part injured• how injury occurred• activity being conducted at

the time of the injury• use of safety equipment at

time of injury• lost time resulting from the

injury• treatment administered

Page 21: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

A near miss report should include the following information:

• Date and time & location of near miss

• Who was involved

• The activity being conducted at the time of the near miss

• How the near miss occurred

• What immediate action was taken.

Reporting and documentation

Page 22: Occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety legislation Each state/territory has OHS legislation that is usually presented in three

Remember, workplace safety is everyone’s responsibility