Official PDF , 113 pages

Environmental Performance Report andManagement PlanWater Supply Services Recovery ProjectMaynilad Water Services Inc

October 2006

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Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanR06-087

Prepared for

Maynilad Water Services Inc

Prepared byMaunsell Philippines Inc11/F Ayala Life - FGU Center, 6811 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, PhilippinesT +632 843 6336 F +632 843 6125 www.maunsell.com

October 2006

51054406

© Maunsell Philippines Inc 2006

The information contained in this document produced by Maunsell Philippines Inc is solely for the use of the Client identified onthe cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared and Maunsell Philippines Inc undertakes no duty to or acceptsany responsibility to any third party who may rely upon this document.

All rights reserved. No section or element of this document may be removed from this document, reproduced, electronicallystored or transmitted in any form without the written permission of Maunsell Philippines Inc.

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Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanJ:\51054406\01_Administration\007_Reports\EPRMP\Rev 0\WorldBank Copy\1.0 Introduction.docRevision 0 October 2006

http://www.maunsell.com

Quality InformationDocument Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan

Ref 51054406

Date October 2006

Prepared by MPI Environment Team

Reviewed by Rowie Garcia/Jess Bayrante

Revision History

AuthorisedRevision Revision

Date DetailsName/Position Signature

0 31/10/2006 Preliminary Issue

Jess BayranteAssociateDirector,Environment

D R A F T 31/10/2006 11:35

Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanJ:\51054406\01_Administration\007_Reports\EPRMP\Rev 0\WorldBank Copy\1.0 Introduction.docRevision 0 October 2006

Table of Contents

Executive Summary i1.0 Introduction 1-1

1.1 Project Background 1-11.2 List of Resource Persons 1-1

1.2.1 Project Proponent 1-11.2.2 EPRMP Study Team 1-2

2.0 Project Description 2-12.1 Project Rationale 2-12.2 About MWSI 2-1

2.2.1 The Concession Area 2-12.2.2 Water Sources 2-32.2.3 Water Demand 2-3

2.3 Project Components and Activities 2-42.3.1 The rehabilitation of the MWSI La Mesa Dam Water Treatment Plants 2-42.3.2 Rehabilitation and Reconfiguration of Primary Distribution System and Establishment of Hydraulic Areas 2-82.3.3 Construction of a New Reservoir in New Bilibid, Muntinlupa 2-15

2.4 Project Cost 2-162.5 Project Schedule 2-16

3.0 Existing Environmental Conditions 3-13.1 Physical Environment 3-1

3.1.1 Topography 3-13.1.2 Geology and Structures 3-13.1.3 Rainfall and Temperature 3-23.1.4 Air Quality 3-23.1.5 Water Quality 3-5

3.2 Biological Environment 3-143.2.1 Vicinity of the La Mesa Dam 3-143.2.2 Vegetation Along the Distribution Network 3-203.2.3 Flora and Fauna in the Proposed Reservoir in the New

Bilibid Prison Compound, Muntinlupa 3-223.3 Socio-cultutal, Economic and Political Environment 3-26

3.3.1 Political/Institutional Set-up 3-26 3.3.2 Land Use 3-26 3.3.3 Population/Informal Settlements 3-27 3.3.4 Socio-economic Milieu/Service Levels 3-27

4.0 Environmental Performances 4-14.1 Environmental Compliance 4-1

4.1.1 ECC/CNC Applications 4-14.1.2 Environmental Monitoring Activities 4-2

4.2 MWSI Corporate Social Responsibility 4-34.2.1 The Bayan Tubig Program 4-34.2.2 Bayan Tubig Bayanohan / "Patubig ni Gloria" Project 4-44.2.3 Tondo Foreshore F-1 Zone Pilot Project 4-4

4.3 Best Safety Practices 4-44.4 EMS 14001 Certification 4-64.5 Awards Received 4-74.6 Performance Indicators 4-8

5.0 Description of Impacts and Mitigating Measures 5-15.1 Rehabilitation of the Water Treatment Plants in La Mesa 5-1

5.1.1 Pre-construction/Construction Phase 5-15.1.2 Operational Phase 5-3

5.2 Rehabilitation of the Distribution System and Pumping Stations 5-45.2.1 Pre-construction Phase 5-45.2.2 Construction Phase 5-55.2.3 Operation Phase 5-9

5.3 Water Reservoir in New Bilibid, Muntinlupa 5-95.3.1 Pre-construction Phase 5-95.3.2 Construction Phase 5-115.3.3 Operation Phase 5-14

6.0 Environmental Management Program 6-16.1 Introduction 6-16.2 Impact Mitigation and Enhancement Plan 6-16.3 Social Development Plan 6-176.4 Emergency Response Plan 6-176.5 Institutional Plan 6-176.6 Information, Education and Communication Plan 6-176.7 Abandonment Plan 6-186.8 Environmental Monitoring Plan 6-18

7.0 References 7-1

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List of Tables

ES - 1 Summary of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation/Enhancement Strategies

ES - 2 Recommended Environmental Monitoring Plan

2-1 Cities and Towns in the West Zone Service Area2-2 MWSI Level of Services and Performance from 1997 to 2004.2-3 Projected Water Consumption from 2010 to 20152-4 Existing component facilities and the proposed facilities with the 2010 and 2015

PDS Improvement Plans2-5 Project cost per component2-6 Project Implementation Schedule3-1 EMB Roadside TSP Monitoring Stations in Metro Manila3-2 Location of the Monitoring Stations for SO2 and NO2

3-3 Monitoring Equipment in the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network in Metro ManilaAirshed

3-4 Sampling sites for wastewater monitoring3-5 Wastewater Quality of LP1 Discharge3-6 Wastewater Quality of LP2 Discharge3-7 Water Quality of La Mesa Creek Upstream of LP2 Discharge3-8 Water Quality of the Mixing Point of La Mesa Creek and LP2 Discharge3-9 Water Quality of the Mixing Point of La Mesa Creek and LP1 Discharge3-10 Water Quality of Tullahan River (Commonwealth Avenue)3-11 Analytical Methods3-12 Water Quality Data of the Poblacion River Tributary3-13 Tree species commonly observed in La Mesa Dam3-14 Bird species observed in the vicinity of La Mesa Dam3-15 List of bird species recorded in the New Bilibid Prison3-16 Land use Categories within the MWSI Concession Area3-17 Income Categories of Served Population4-1 Some of MWSI projects that were issued an ECC and CNC4-2 Performance Indicators5-1 Attenuated Sound Pressure Levels6-1 Impact Mitigation and Enhancement Plan6-2 The Recommended Monitoring Plan

List of Figures

2-1 The concession area covers 540 km2 consisting of 10 cities and 7 municipalities2-2 Location map of the two treatment facility in La Mesa Dam2-3 Process Flow Diagram of the La Mesa Treatment Plan No. 12-4 Flow Process of Treatment Plant no.22-5 Age profile of existing water pipelines2-6 Layout of the Primary Distribution System 20102-7 Layout of Primary Distribution System 20152-8 Typical Business Centre Arrangement (i.e., Quirino BC)2-9 The existing distribution system


2-10 The proposed distribution system2-11 The schematic representation of a District Meter Zone (DMZ)2-12 Location Map of the Proposed Muntinlupa Reservoir3-1 The proposed project site with respect to the Valley Fault System (Phivolcs 1999)3-2 Annual Geometric Mean of Roadside TSP Levels in Metro Manila, 2003-2004

(mg/Nm3)3-3 SO2 Concentrations at the Manila Observatory Ateneo Station (2003)3-4 NO2 Concentrations at the Manila Observatory, Ateneo Station (2003)3-5 Location of the water quality sampling stations3-6 Location of sampling stations (in yellow circles)

List of Plates

2-1 The water source of MWSI is Angat –Umiray- Ipo watersheds2-2 The underground reservoir in Bagbag, similar structure will be built in the New

Bilibid Prison, Muntinlupa, which will serve the South Business Area3-1 The La Mesa Watershed. The built up area is LP1 ( LP2 is located up north of LP2

but not shown in the photo). The Ecopark is located adjacent to LP1 at the south-south west.

3-2 Vegetation in the sludge lagoons and immediate vicinity3-3 Little heron3-4 Philippine serpent eagle3-5 White eared brown dove3-6 (a) White Collared king fisher; (b) Philippine pygmy Woodpecker3-7 Acacia trees lined along the Coastal Road Express Way and the Daang Hari Road

in the South Business Area are common urban landscaping plant species3-8 Vegetation along the ROW includes coconuts and bamboos3-9 Portions of the ROW in North Fairview, Quezon City were planted with bananas and

cassava, others converted it into backyard garden3-10 Lush shrubs and small trees are found along portion of ROW that is not yet

inhabited by informal settlers (left photo), while some portions were cleared anderected with shanties (Right photo).

3-11 Vegetation at the South Business Area is very limited. Single shade trees are seenalong the proposed route of the primary line in Muntinlupa

3-12 The proposed location has a gently rolling terrain. Vegetation is mostly talahib andpatches of small shrubs

3-13 The concrete road delineating the southeast boundary of the proposed property.Talahib are being planted in the vicinity of the proposed site and used as rawmaterial for handicrafts.

4-1 The Bayan Tubig Program delivers safe and affordable water to blightedcommunities thru individual Water Service Connections

4-2 Proper signages and wearing of PPE’s are observed during cutting/breaking andpipe laying works

4-3 Traffic Management (left photo) and safety patrol team doing monitoring of ongoingworks

4-4 Use of appropriate gear in doing works under confined space works (reservoir andtunnels)


4-5 Trainings and seminars given to employees and subcontractors include SafetyOrientation, Basic Occupational Safety & Health Training and proper use ofPPE’s, among others

4-6 The MWSI Gawad Kalikasan at Kalusugan Award4-7 The ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certificates issued by TUV SUD to two of Maynilads

facilities

Executive SummaryProject DescriptionThe Water Supply Services Recovery Project has three major components, which are all designed toimprove the services of MWSI and to enhance MWSI revenues through increase in the water salesvolume by better control of non-revenue water (NRW). These are:

1. Rehabilitation of the MWSI La Mesa Water Treatment Plants• Improvement/maximizing the treatment plant capacity• Improvement of the quality of the treated water• Improvement of the operational efficiency and reliability• Acceptable sludge management

2. Rehabilitation and Reconfiguration of Primary Distribution System and Establishment ofHydraulic Areas• Installation of new primary main to be located adjacent to the existing primary lines.• Improvement of the secondary and tertiary distribution lines through zones NRW

reduction• Measurement of hydraulic zoning• Improvement of pumping stations• Procurement of instrument and equipment as well as provision of trainings

3. Construction of a new reservoir in the New Bilibid Prison compound in Muntinlupa

The new reservoir will serve as storage for the new water source identified for the SouthBusiness Center (i.e., 300 MLD from Laguna Lake). It will be an underground type of waterstorage similar with the Bagbag Reservoir, which will have a capacity of 30ML and adimension of approximately 75m x 75m x 6m. A pump of 30 MLD capacity will also beinstalled to draw water from the reservoir to the distribution lines.

EIA Process DocumentationThe proposed project is covered by the requirements of the Philippine EIS System set forth underPresidential Decree No. 1586 and DENR Administrative Order 2003-30. An EPRMP was prepared asthe documentary requirement for the project. Field visits were conducted from 6 to 7 September 2006,while primary data collection at the proposed reservoir site in Muntinlupa was conducted on 11October 2006. Official stakeholders consultations were also conducted on 20 September and 27October 2006 to present the project and the EIA study, respectively. Secondary data collection wasconducted from September to October 2006. All data sources are mentioned in the ReferenceSection of this Report.

The EPRMP identifies, assesses and evaluates the environmental impacts of the project for thevarious development phases and recommends mitigation and enhancement strategies. AnEnvironmental Management Program (EMP), which includes and Impact Mitigation and EnhancementPlan, Social Development Plan, Emergency Response Plan, Institutional Plan, Information, Educationand Communication Plan, Abandonment Plan as well as an Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP),have been formulated to achieve compliance with DENR requirements and other environmentalregulations.

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Brief Description of the Environment

Physical Environment

Geology and Structures

The regional geology of the project sites in Metro Manila includes:

• Quaternary Alluvium – recent deposits of unconsolidated sediments of sandstone, siltstone,claystone and conglomerates;

• Guadalupe Formation – composed of two sub-units, the pumiceous pyroclastic flow unit andthe extensive volcanic tuffaceous deposits;

• Alat Conglomerate – represented by a thin conglomerate sedimentary unit underlying theGuadalupe Formation;

• Binangonan Limestone – composed of extensive coralline and massive limestone deposits• Angat Formation – consisting of Gabbro and Pillow Basalts representing the upper section of

the Ophiolite sequence and serves as the basement for Metro Manila;

Three major geologic structures affect the general vicinity of Metro Manila, most important of which isthe Valley Fault System (VFS) (Daligdig et al, 1997) which traverses the Eastern Metro Manila area ina north-south trend. The north-south trending active Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) is located east of theMetro Manila area towards the Sierra Madre Range. To the west is the Manila Trench which is activelysubducting the South China Sea Plate beneath the Luzon segment of the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB)(Aurelio, 2000).

In the proposed site of the new reservoir in the new Bilibid Prison Compound in Muntinlupa, thebedrock consists mostly of tuff deposits of the Guadalupe Formation. The maximum groundacceleration response at the project site can be categorized at 0.784 (soft soil) for an earthquakegenerated by the nearby Valley Fault System (VFS). Based on the Active Faults Mapping Program ofPHIVOLCS (1999), potentially active minor faults were identified towards the east of the project site.

Water Quality

La Mesa Treatment Plants

Six monitoring stations were established to monitor the compliance of LP1 and LP2 to the EffluentRegulations of 1990 (DAO 90-35). Two of these stations represent the discharges of each plant.Three stations were established along the La Mesa Creek, a tributary of Tullahan River. The La MesaCreek is the nearest water body to the treatment plant facilities, thus the most possible impactreceptor. One station is located in Tullahan River, downstream of its confluence with La Mesa Creek.Tullahan River was classified by DENR as Class C or waters that can be used in industrial plants aftertreatment. Based on the observed best usage, the La Mesa Creek is likewise classified under ClassC.

Based on the available data from the PCO reports and from the MWSI Central Laboratory, the LP1discharge is compliant to the Effluent Standards while the LP2 discharge exceeds TSS, COD, BOD,and oil/grease levels. The data from the sampling points along the La Mesa Creek show that thedischarge of LP2 is affecting the TSS, BOD and oil/grease levels in the creek. This is indicated by theincrease in these levels at the mixing point of LP2 discharge with La Mesa Creek, as compared to thelevels in the control station located upstream of the mixing point. At the mixing point, the TSS, BOD,and oil/grease levels exhibit exceedances to the DAO 90-35 Class C water standards. The very lowcoliform readings in the discharge samples of both plants and the already elevated coliform levels atthe control station indicate that the plants have nil contribution to the coliform content of the creek.


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Distribution Lines

The distribution lines follow the road alignments and cross several waterways that may be impactedduring the installation of the new pipes. There is limited data on the small tributaries that would bepotentially affected thus the general current condition of the main river systems where these tributariesdrain to were assessed instead. Among the water bodies that will be affected during therehabilitations works include the Tullahan-Tejeros River System; Dario Creek, a tributary of the SanJuan River; several canals that lead to Manila Bay; and; water channels leading to Laguna Lake.

These creeks exhibit typical physical conditions of waterways in highly urbanized areas: voluminousfloating garbages, dark color and very slow flow of water which produce unpleasant odor. Limitedsecondary raw data indicate that most of these rivers are biologically dead with DO levels measured at0 mg/L.

Proposed Reservoir in the New Bilibid Prison Compound, Muntinlupa CityTo establish the baseline water quality conditions in the proposed new reservoir in the New BilibidPrison Compound in Muntinlupa City, water sampling was conducted on 11 October 2006 along atributary of the Poblacion River. Two stations were established in the portions of a creek will bepotentially impacted during the construction of the proposed reservoir. Based on the DAO 90-34, thiscreek is categorized under Class C.

Results of laboratory and in situ analyses show that levels of pH, DO and BOD are within theprescribed limits of DAO 90-35. Phosphates and coliform levels are however elevated exceed therespective prescribed criterion. Temperature and TSS are reflective of normal background levels.

Ambient Air Quality

The DENR-EMB monitors the Metro Manila Airshed, utilizing 12 sampling stations for TSP and 10stations for monitoring real time concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2.

Based on annual average levels in 2003, only the Ateneo Katipunan Station complied with the NAAQstandard for long term exposure. The annual average levels in 2004 however showed that all themonitoring stations exceed the maximum allowable limits. The EDSA-Congressional Avenuemonitoring station registered the highest levels at 275 µg/Nm3, three times more than the guidelinevalue.

Annual mean concentrations of SO2 recorded in 2003 and from June to December 2004 show thatlevels in the EMB monitoring stations were within the allowable limit. Likewise, NO2 concentrations in2003 did not exceed the 24-hour NAAQ standard guideline.

Biological Environment

Terrestrial Vegetation and Wildlife

La Mesa Water Treatment PlantsThe La Mesa watershed covers a total area of 2,700 hectares: 1,900 ha of forested land, 700 hacovered by the La Mesa Reservoir, about 33 ha of the La Mesa Ecopark and 32 ha occupied by the LaMesa Water Treatment Plants. The forest cover of the La Mesa Ecopark has been enhanced bynumerous tree-planting activities of various organizations. Among the flora species that are commonlyfound in the area include: acacia, ipil-ipil, G. Melina, mahogany, narra, neem and raintree.

Grasses dominate a considerable area of the sludge lagoons. Small acacia and ipil-ipil trees growalong the berm.


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Numerous avian species inhabit the vicinity of the treatment plants. Bird watching groups frequentlyvisit the park. One group recorded 45 bird species that represent 27 families. In terms of ecologicalstatus and distribution, the observed species ranged from common to fairly common and endemic tomigrant, respectively.

Vegetation along the Distribution NetworkMetro Manila is a heavily built-up and densely populated urban metropolis. Vegetation along thepipeline network is composed of trees that were planted as part of urban landscaping. Along the roadright of way (ROW) of the primary lines that stretches in the Northern Business Center, commonvegetation are bamboos, tree shades, patches of bananas, shrubs and grasses.

Proposed Reservoir in the New Bilibid Prison CompoundThe proposed site for the reservoir in the New Bilibid Compound is mainly covered by grasses(talahib). Secondary data show that the avian fauna observed in the area range from commonendemic to uncommon migrant. Most are common to fairly common and are typical inhabitants ofgrasslands.

Socio-Economic, Cultural and Political Environment

Political/Institutional Set-Up

1. The Project area is characterized by the following conditions:• Web of administrative, political and local institutions• Land-use / intrusions into ROW (right-of-way) spaces• Expansion of population and “informal settlements”• Service levels

2. The web of institutions includes several layers of general-purpose local governments and theirconstitutuent barangays, specialized governments (MMDA, LLDA), subdivision owners’,homeowners’ associations, uban poor associations, and squatting syndicates. The last fourcould constitute obstacles to the implementation of the project by raising issues of ownershipsand property rights.

3. Over the years, there have been unauthorized intrusions to MWSS ROW spaces. There couldbe issues of compensation involved if relocation is undertaken and disruption to livelihoodsoccurs.

4. Service levels are generally low and unsatisfactory. Low service levels are manifested in lowwater pressure, inadequate or no service coverage, short rationing hours, high cost of buyingwater from water vendors.

Land-Use

The land use in the MWSI concessionaire area is comprised of six categories, namely: residential (48%), commercial (10%), industrial (10%), institutional (5%), opens spaces (16%) and others(unclassified usages) (13%). These land use encompass approximately 63, 839 ha.

A general observation of land use plans is the absence of explicit provision restricting anydevelopment on ROW. This usually results to continued occupation and encroachment of semi-permanent to permanent structures in these spaces.


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Demography

Demographic data from 1995 to 2000 tend to confirm that population growth in the traditionally denselocalities Manila, Makati, Pasay, Malabon and Muntinlupa cities appear to have peaked. Positivegrowth is still observed in the north and south edges (Paranaque and Valenzuela, respectively, andCavite municipalities/city) as a result of migration from within and outside the metropolis.

In 20 years, population in the concession area is envisioned to expand to 9.5 million from a base of7.8 million. Field observation suggested that “informal settlements”, as in the case of the Tala area,are relatively new, some as recent as 20 or less years. Migrants from the provinces who invested onand built dwelling units of semi-permanent and permanent materials inhabit these settlements.Because the lands of these settlements are being claimed or contested, there is an apprehension toprovide poor communities with more permanent infrastructure like water pipelines.

Environmental PerformanceThe MWSI is committed to comply with all government regulations and requirements. A number ofECCs and CNCs were issued to MWSI for various projects and MWSI has been compliant to all theconditionalities. Water quality of the raw and treated water for compliance with the PNSDW isregularly monitored. The wastewaters of LP1 and LP 2 and La Mesa Creek are being monitored tocomply with DAO 90-35 and DAO 90-34, respectively. Relative to the appropriate criterion, the LP2discharge exhibits exceedances in most of the monitored parameters. The LP2 discharge affects thewater quality of La Mesa Creek as shown but this is expected to be mitigated by the rehabilitation ofthe sludge lagoons in LP1.

The major corporate social responsibility (CSR) program of MWSI is extending water services to poorcommunities. The Bayan Tubig Project and the Bayan Tubig Bayanihan / “Patubig ni Gloria” Projectare among the programs implemented by MWSI for this purpose.

Maynilad Water is committed to excellence and leadership in the protection of the environment and inthe promotion of health and safety in the workplace. Their safety program includes the developmentof standards/protocols in the workplace, foremost consideration of project, site and traffic safety, strictimposition of penalties on violators and conduct of trainings and seminars for contractors. To furtherencourage both employees and contractors to observe safety at all times Maynilad sponsors theMWSI GAWAD KALIGTASAN AT KALUSUGAN Award to recognize outstanding achievements byOperating Units, Projects, or Individuals in promoting safety and health of workers and the workplace.

MWSI has newly accredited two of its Operations and Maintenance Department of Water TreatmentPlants in La Mesa to ISO 9001 and the Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Facility to ISO9001 and 14001.

Several awards were given to MWSI in recognition for its initiative to extend its CSR into qualityenvironmental performance. Among the programs which earned MWSI recognition are projects onconversion of septage and biosolids into cheaper alternative fertilizers; provision of water in depressedareas and safety practices

Environmental Management ProgramMWSI is committed to implement an Environmental Management Program (EMP) not only to complywith government regulations but also to abide by the company’s Quality, Environment, Safety andHealth Policy to continuously improve on the quality, reliability, cost effectiveness and environmentalsuitability of their operations and services.


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The EMP includes impact mitigation for negative effects and an enhancement plan for all thebeneficial effects of each project phase i.e. pre-construction, construction and operations/maintenance (Table ES-1). Most of the commitments will be implemented by MWSI and/or will berequired of their contractors with MWSI stringently monitoring the contractor’s compliance.

The projects’ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program constitutes the project’s SocialDevelopment Plan. The CSR/SDP Program is implemented on a continuing/’roll over” basis. TheEmergency Response Plan (ERP) is contained in the (EMS) Code.

MWSI has currently developed the following operational procedures in meeting its vision as the toputility firm in providing water services:

• Environmental Management and Safety Code• Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives• Complaints Management – Easy and user friendly medium through SMS Messaging

and Hotline

In addition, MWSI/MWSS and its sub-contractors will coordinate with relevant agencies in procuringthe necessary permits to implement the project at various stages ( i.e., pre-construction, construction,operation).

A stakeholder-focused and community based Information, Education and Communication (IEC)campaign will be undertaken in all phases of the project. At the pre-construction phase, the focus ofIEC will be on clarifying the issues and describing the nature, features and character of the project toallow stakeholders to make an informed decision and opinion about the project that may arise frommisinformation or disinformation. At the construction stage, the focus of the IEC is to advise residentsand businesses as well as other stakeholders like LGUs of the schedule of the diggings and otherrelated activities. During the operation stage, the IEC program’s thrust will be on advising people andbusiness establishments on how to enhance the benefits that will result with improved service levels.

Regular maintenance of the distribution network and all support facilities will be carried out. Allequipment reaching their lifespan will be replaced and disposed of properly. An Abandonment Planwill be formulated a year before implementation of the Plan in the unlikely event of decommissioning.This is further subject to consultation and coordination with affected stakeholders.

MWSI will continue to undertake environmental monitoring in coordination with the appropriategovernment institutions, together with the stakeholders. Table ES-2 summarizes the recommendedEnvironmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP).


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Table ES-1. Summary of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation/Enhancement Strategies

Project PhasePre-construction Construction Operation and Maintenance Abandonment

Environmental Component

Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts MitigationComponent 1: Rehabilitation of La Mesa Water Treatment PlantsWater Quality/Sedimentation Excavation

expose soils toerosion andsedimentation.

Possible oil andlubricantsspillage

Provision ofdrainage canalsto facilitateproper runoffflow.Equipmentmaintenanceworks will beconcentrated in aperimeter bundedarea to containoil/grease

Improvementof waterquality

Propermaintenanceof the ashlagoons

Wastewater Increasedwaterproduction willincreasewater usage,thus willgeneratemorewastewater

MWSI iscommitted toprovidesewer systemto itsconcessionarea.Seweragesystem areunder theirpipelineprojects

Air Quality and Noise Increased SO2and NOxemission due toheavy vehiclemovement

Provision ofmufflers; housingof genset,maintenance ofvegetation buffer

Water serviceis a basichuman needsuch thatregularmaintenance ofthe distributionnetwork and allthe supportfacilities will becarried out.All equipmentreaching theirlifespan will bereplaced anddisposed ofproperly.

In the unlikelyevent ofabandonment,anAbandonmentPlan will beprepared ayear beforeimplementationof the Plan,subject to


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigationconsultationandcoordinationwith affectedstakeholders.

Vegetation and Wildlife Clearing ofvegetation willaffect site’sbiodiversity.Wildlife and othersmall organismswill be disturb

Clearing activitieswill be confined inthe project area.Vegetation issparse, thus willnot result tosignificant loss ofbiodiversity orreduction ofcarbon sink/sequestration

Occupational health and safety Unstable portionsof lagoons poselarge equipmentand workers tophysical andchemical risks

Prior to anyexcavation,stability,composition anddepth of thesludge will beassessed todetermineappropriate de-sludgingtechnique

Socio-economic and CulturalAspects

Rehabilitation ofthe plant mayinterrupt watersupply.

Phasing ofrehabilitationworksTimely andproper IEC

Increase inwaterproduction,longer supplywindow

IEC onhouseholdwatermanagementand


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts MitigationCoordination withLGU’s onpossible rationingof water supply

conservation

Component 2: Rehabilitation of the Distribution SystemWater Quality/Sedimentation Erosion/Siltation

Spillage of oiland degreasers

Provision onConstructionand SafetyGuidelinesunder MWSIEnvironmentand SafetyGuidelines willbe followed andform part of thesubcontractor’scontract

Solid wastes Generation ofsolid wastes

Proper wastedisposalrecycling/reuseand goodhousekeeping

Generation ofconstructionwastes/excavated soil

Excavation willbe done byphase such thatbefore anysection isexcavated, theunearthedsection havebeen properlybackfilled. Theexcavated soilwill also be re-used as backfillmaterial

Sewage Generation of Temporary


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigationsewage fromconstructionworkers

toilets/portaletswill be provided

Air Quality and Noise Increased TSPand noise levels

Generation offoul odor

Watering ofTSP, equipmentwill be regularlymaintained.Noisegeneratingactivities will belimited todaytime. EMScode will beobserved.Odor controlsystem will beused aspracticable.

Traffic Trafficcongestion

Permits relatedto excavationwill be secured.A trafficmanagementplan will also beprepared.

Vegetation and Wildlife Clearing ofvegetation

Social preparationactivities willinclude propercoordination tothose who haveinterests along theROW (i.e.,


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigationbackyard gardens)

Occupational Health and Safety Risk of accidentto workers andpedestrianHandling ofasbestos pipespose healthhazards

Implementationof the MWSIEMS CodeNo AC pipelineswill be installedfor this project.Provisions of theDAO 2000-02(Chemical Orderfor Asbestos)will be strictlyimplemented.Disposal will becoordinated toproperauthorities


“Fear of theunknown”/Uncertainty

IEC, Acquisition ofclearance/permits

Disruption todaily routine ofresidents andbusinessestablishments

Unsightly views;streetscapetemporarilymarred;Disruption toLGU’s projectschedule

IECIn the likelyevent ofrelocation, arelocationprotocol is inplace that setsout proceduresand processeswith respect tocompensationand the physicaltransfer ofaffected personsand families

Clean,affordable,regular watersupply

Longer supplywindow

Less NRW

Water pressurewill beimprovedSignificant

Regularmonitoringcondition ofpipelines;flat rate forlow incomecommunities

Regularmonitoringof conditionof pipelines

IEC on


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts MitigationPossibledisplacement ofinformal settlers

Local jobopportunities

Best effort atlocal hiring

savings inwaterexpenses

Savings in timeand effort ofwomen, youth,senior citizensand otherhouseholdmembers infetching water

sanitation

Archaeology Discovery ofarchaeologicalfinds/historicalsites/markers

Implementprotocol (PD374)

Component 3: Construction of a new reservoirGeology and Geotechnical Issue Possible bearing

failure ingeologically weakareas

Survey will beconducted todeterminesuitable route fortrucks andvehicles

Water Quality/Sedimentation Spillage of oiland degreasers

Rig workers willgenerate solidwaste that mayaffectwaterways

Provision of bundcanals with oiltraps for collectionof used oils; Goodhousekeeping;Implementation ofEMS Code

Spillage of oiland grease

Excavation canresult to elevatedTSS

Maintenanceworks will beconducted inperimeterbunded areas

Proper hauling,storage and

Generation ofsolid waste andwaste water

Provision ofbasicfacilities


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigationcompaction ofexcavated soilsin thedesignatedareas

Solid wastes and waste water Solid wastes andwastewater willbe generated byworkers

Strictobservance ofgood andresponsiblehousekeepingpractices

Air Quality and Noise Drill rig enginesgenerateexhaustemission andnoise

Propermaintenance ofengines/housing

Increaseemission gasesand TSP

Regularmaintenancecheck ofvehiclesDuct producinghaul roads andslopes will besprinkled withwater ifpracticable;Activities will belimited todaytime

Vegetation and Wildlife Clearing ofvegetation willaffect residentwildlife

Activities will beconfined in theproject site

Movement ofmore workersand equipmentwill affect wildlife

Activities will beconfined in theproject site

Occupational Health and Safety Workers areexposed tosecurity risk

Workers will beadvised to limittheir activitieswithin the


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Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigation Impacts Mitigationprojectparameter


Fear of theunknown/UncertaintyMobilization ofclaimant’s/squattersyndicates

IEC on impact;Acquisition ofpermits

Local jobopportunities

Landscapetemporarilymarred

Non conformingland use

Best effort atlocal hiring

Install visualscreen

Zoning

Clean,affordable,regular watersupply

Longer supplywindow

Less NRW

Water pressurewill beimproved

Significantsavings inwaterexpenses

Regularmonitoringcondition ofpipelines;flat rate forlow incomecommunities

Regularmonitoringof conditionof pipelines

IEC onsanitation

Archaeology Chance find ofarchaeologicalitems

ImplementProtocol (PD 374)

Chance find ofarchaeologicalitems

ImplementProtocol (PD374)

Public Health Less incidenceof water bornediseases

Regularmonitoringof pipelineconditions;IEC onsanitatation


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Table 1. Recommended Environmental Monitoring Plan

Parameters ProjectPhase

Location Frequency Estimated Cost Guarantees

Water Quality at the sludge lagoonoutlets and La Mesa Creek(particularly TSS, oil/grease andother relevant parametersprescribed by DAO 90-34 and 35)

All projectphases

La Mesa Creek -upstream anddownstream of thedischarge points of thetwo Water TreatmentFacilities; DischargePoints

Monthly Php 50,000.00 permonth

Compliance to DAO 90-34 and DAO 90-35

Water Quality at the distributionnetworks(for parameters prescribed by thePNSDW)

All projectphases

700 sampling stationstrategically scatteredaround the concessionarea

Monthly Compliance to PNSDW

Compliance to the TrafficManagement Plan

ConstructionStage –Rehabilitationof theDistributionLines

All major thoroughfaresaffected

Weekly Part of the project cost Agreement betweenMWSI/Subcontractorand concerned LGU


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1.0 Introduction1.1 Project Background

The Maynilad Water Services Inc. (MWSI) provides water service to the west zone of Metro Manila. Itis committed to provide continuous water supply that is compliant with drinking water standards, aswell as provide new water connections to future clients within its concession area.

MWSI is proposing a 10-year development plan (2006 to 2015) designed to improve its services andfulfil its commitment. The proposed Water Supply Services Recovery Project will include threecomponents; namely, the rehabilitation and reconfiguration of the primary distribution system,rehabilitation of the MWSI La Mesa Dam Water Treatment Plants and the construction of a newreservoir in New Bilibid, Muntinlupa.

The specific objectives of the development plan are:• To increase revenue through reductions in commercial non- revenue water (NRW);• To increase revenue by selling to new customers, water saved through reduction of physical

NRW;• To improve the reliability and the efficiency of primary distribution system consisting of pipe

mains, pumping stations and storage reservoir; and• To improve operations with the provision of equipment, instruments and appropriate training.

The 10-year development plan project requires an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study andan Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan (EPRMP), to support the application foran Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) with the Department of Environment and NaturalResources (DENR). Maunsell Philippines Inc, was commissioned by MWSI to conduct the EIA studyand prepare the EPRMP.

1.2 Name and Address of Proponent

Maynilad Water Services, Inc.G/F Engineering Building, MWSS CompundKatipunan Road, Balara, Quezon CityTelephone: 928 1454Fax: 920 5408Email: [email protected]

Contact Person:Mr. Francisco ArellanoSenior Assistant Vice-PresidentQuality Assurance Planning and Environment, Safety and Health Management Group


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mailto:[email protected]

1.3 EPRMP Information1.3.1 EPRMP Preparer

Maunsell Philippines Inc.11/F Ayala Life FGU Center6811 Ayala AvenueMakati CityTelephone: 846 6336Fax: 843 6125Email: [email protected]

Study TeamJess Bayrante Project DirectorLeah Bufi Project ManagerMike Carlos Principal Environmental ScientistNaniel Aragones Principal Environmental ScientistAries Milay Senior Environmental ScientistRene Cruz Civil EngineerWilly Palarca Socio-econ / Stakeholder Consultation SpecialistXsa Cabria Water Quality SpecialistKathleen Cruz Environmental ScientistAbba Grace Sanchez Graduate Environmental ScientistJo Rowena Garcia Peer Reviewer

1.3.2 EIA Approach and Methodology

Consistent with DAO 2003-30 and the Scoping Report (Annex 1-1) an EPRMP was prepared as thedocumentary requirement for the project. Field visits were conducted from 6 to 7 September 2006,while primary data collection at the proposed reservoir site in Muntinlupa was conducted on 11October 2006. Official stakeholders consultations were also conducted on 20 September and 27October 2006 to present the project and the EIA study, respectively. Secondary data collection wasconducted from September to October 2006. All data sources are mentioned at the ReferenceSection of this Report.

All phases of the three project components were considered and evaluated in the impact identificationand assessment section. Mitigation and enhancement strategies are recommended to address theimpacts.

An Environmental Management Program (EMP), which includes an Environmental Monitoring Plan(EMoP), was formulated to achieve the proponent’s compliance with DENR requirements and otherenvironmental regulations.


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mailto:[email protected]

2.0 Project Description2.1 Project Rationale

At present, non-revenue water (NRW) is about 69% of the total water produced (2,400 MLD) by MWSIthrough their Water Treatment Facilities in La Mesa. Non-Revenue Water is the mathematicaldifference between the system input volume and the billed authorized consumption. NRW can eitherbe physical losses (i.e., leaks); commercial losses (i.e., unbilled water due to illegal connections,pilferage and meter registration errors); or unbilled authorized consumption (i.e., used by fire trucks;but usually a minor component of the water balance).

To better understand and control the NRW, the proposed 10-year development plan is crucial. Built inthe 1880’s and upgraded in 1980, the current network of secondary and tertiary pipes is a complexinterconnection with inadequate flow controls and meters, which make it difficult to monitor andunderstand the flows of water. For MWSI to be economically viable, the NRW must be reduced. Theproject is envisioned to reduce NRW, improve the level of water services in its concession area andultimately increase revenues.

2.2 About MWSI2.2.1 The Concession Area

The MWSI concession area covers a total of 540 km2 consisting of nine cities and two municipalities inMetro Manila and one city and five municipalities in the province of Cavite (Table 2-1 and Figure 2-1).

Table 2-1. Cities and Towns in the West Zone Service Area

National Capital Region Cavite ProvinceCaloocan City Bacoor MunicipalityLas Pinas City Cavite CityMalabon City Imus MunicipalityMakati City (13% in West zone) Kawit MunicipalityManila City (89%) Noveleta MunicipalityMuntinlupa City Rosario MunicipalityNavotas CityParanaque CityPasay CityQuezon City (58% in West Zone)Valenzuela City

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Figure 2-1. The concession area covers 540 km2 consisting of 10 cities and 7 municipalities

In 2004, the service area population of MWSI is 5.09 M and about 70% is being served. Table 2-2summarizes the population served by MWSI, water demand and the NRW from 1997 to 2004.

Table 2-2. MWSI Level of Services and Performance from 1997 to 2004.

Water Volumes (MLD)Year Service AreaPopulation (Million)

Water ServedPopulation Production Sales

NRW

1997 4.38 65.8% 1,864.3 669.80 64.1%1998 4.31 64.7% 1,511.9 593.40 60.8%1999 4.77 70.4% 2,177.1 715.10 67.2%2000 5.26 76.1% 2,250.8 777.70 65.5%2001 5.54 78.7% 2,417.4 816.00 67.0%2002 5.5 77.6% 2,363.8 740.80 68.7%2003 4.96 68.9% 2,313.4 716.70 69.0%2004 5.09 69.9% 2,275.8 707.70 69.0%

Map Not to scale

Manila Bay

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


From 1997 to 2004, the while population served increased, the level of NRW also increased. Therehabilitation plan of MWSI targets reduction of NRW from about 69.0% in 2004 to 35% in 2015 orabout 3% per year in the next 10 years.

2.2.2 Water Sources

At present, the main water supply sources for the MWSS service areas ares the Angat-Umiray-Ipowatersheds (Plate 2-1). About 4,500 MLD is sourced from this watershed. This splits in theNovaliches Portal; 40% goes to the Balara Treatment Plant 2 of Manila Water Corporation, Inc.(MWCI) while 60% is utilized by MWSI. This supply is augmented by deep wells in fringe areas,although water quality continues to decline as a result of salinity intrusion from continuous extraction.

Plate 2-1. The water sources of MWSI are the Angat –Umiray- Ipo watersheds

2.2.3 Water Demand

About 67% to 93% increase in water demand is projected for 2015 (Feasibility Study, 2006). Waterdemand projections under the MWSI service area were estimated taking into account populationgrowth, proposed unit consumptions, adjusted service coverage targets as well as large commercialand industrial water consumers.

From the demand projections, two consumption scenarios were established, i.e., restricted and non-restricted. The restricted consumption considers the current low consumption due to restrictions ondemand caused by the inadequate service (i.e., low pressure, rationed supply, etc.), while the non-restricted consumption assumes a 24-hour water supply and sufficient pressure at 7 psi. Table 2-3shows the restricted and unrestricted total consumption estimates from 2005 to 2015.

Table 2-3. Projected Water Consumption from 2010 to 2015

Restricted Consumption (MLD) Unrestricted Consumption (MLD)City/Municipality 2005 2010 2015 2005 2010 2015Manila City 349.5 420.9 499.4 349.5 453.5 559.2Quezon City 238.0 289.0 343.5 238.0 320.4 405.1Makati City 17.2 19.9 22.4 17.2 22.0 26.2Pasay City 68.3 82.1 96.9 68.3 89.4 110.7Caloocan City 121.9 199.8 234 121.9 220.2 273.0

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Las Pinas City 28.4 76.9 108 28.4 85.3 127.8Malabon City 51.2 61.1 70.7 51.2 67.4 82.6Muntinlupa City 19.5 47.3 69.1 19.5 52.5 81.5Navotas City 34.3 49.1 56.9 34.3 54.1 66.2Paranaque City 74.7 96.5 115.5 74.7 105.9 133.7Valenzuela City 50.2 79.3 94.6 50.2 87.9 111.4Cavite City 11.2 12.8 14.4 11.2 14.3 17.1BacoorMunicipality

12.4 28.4 48.9 12.4 31.5 57.7

Imus Municipality 2.6 8.5 17.0 2.6 9.3 19.9Kawit Municipality 6.2 8.4 10.7 6.2 9.3 12.8NoveletaMunicipality

1.6 3.3 5.6 1.6 3.7 6.7

RosarioMunicipality

2.8 6.1 10.2 2.8 6.7 12.1

1,090.2 1,489.4 1,818.0 1,090.2 1,633.4 2,103.8

2.3 Project Components and Activities

The proposed Water Supply Services Recovery Project has three major components, which are allgeared towards the improvement of MWSI services. The upgrade of the services in the concessionarea through rehabilitation and restructuring of the distribution network and ancillary facilities will leadto better control of NRW; thus enhance MWSI revenues through increase in the water sales volume.

The three project components are:1. Rehabilitation of the MWSI La Mesa Water Treatment Plants2. Rehabilitation and Reconfiguration of the Primary Distribution System and Establishment of

Hydraulic Areas3. Construction of a new reservoir in the New Bilibid Prison compound in Muntinlupa

2.3.1 The Rehabilitation of the MWSI La Mesa Dam Water Treatment Plants

Existing Treatment Facilities

MWSI utilises two water treatment plants in La Mesa Dam, Treatment Plant No. 1 (LP1) andTreatment Plant 2 (LP2). LP1 covers an area of approximately 20 hectares and includes four cells ofsludge lagoon that cumulatively cover an area of approximately 5 hectares, located to the southwestof the plant facility. LP2 is approximately 6 hectares wide and is located north of LP1 (Figure 2-2).Although both plants are situated near the La Mesa Reservoir, these derive raw water from Ipo Damthrough the Novaliches Portal.

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Figure 2-2. Location map of the two treatment facilities in La Mesa Dam

LP1 has a design capacity of 1,500 MLD and peak throughput of 1,650 MLD. It uses a standardflocculation-settlement-rapid gravity filter technique with no automation. It started operating in 1982.Minimal rehabilitation has been undertaken since it was constructed. The treatment process involvescoagulation and flocculation of suspended matter using Aluminum Sulphate and Polyelectrolyte,clarification by the removal of solids in horizontal flow settlement tanks and high-rate rapid gravitysand filters. Figure 2-3 illustrates the flow process.

LP1 sufficiently complies with the PNSDW (Philippine National Standard for Drinking Water) criteria.However, during extreme rainfall events (e.g., during typhoons), it experiences difficulty in addressinghigh turbidity and complying with the criteria.

LP2 has a smaller design capacity at 900 MLD with a peak capacity of 990 MLD. It is a pulsator filteroperating with pneumatic systems and electro-mechanical equipment. As shown in Figure 2-4, thetreatment process follows this sequence: coagulation, flocculation, clarification and filtration.Coagulation is initiated by applying alum to the raw water. Polyelectrolyte is subsequently added toset off flocculation. In a pulsator type of treatment plant, the sludge is kept in suspension and acts as ablanket that filters out fine particles. Although fine particles still escape during the clarification stage,these are removed during filtration, the last stage of the treatment process. Backwashing is conductedevery 48 hours of operation to prevent complete clogging of the filters.

LP2 produces water of good quality and complies with the PNSDW standards throughout the yearincluding days when the raw water turbidity is very high.

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Figure 2-3. Process Flow Diagram of the La Mesa Treatment Plan No. 1

Figure 2-4. Flow Process of Treatment Plant No. 2

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Aluminum Sulfate Polymer

Raw Water from LP-1 Pre-chlorination

Potassium Permanganate

Intermediate

To Bagbag Reservoir

Post Chlorination

Filtration

SedimentationCondensingSolution

Junction BoxStructure Rapid Mixing Coagulation

LA MESA TREATMENT PLANT No. 1WATER TREATMENT PROCESS BLOCK DIAGRAM

Flocculation

Sludge Lagoons

Pre-chlorination Raw water from LP-2 Open canal Aluminum Sulfate Polymer (Portal) Caustic Soda

Proposed PotassiumPermanganate Application(300 m. away from the plant)

Claustic Soda (if necessary)

Effluent

Post Chlorination

WashwaterRecovery Tank

Filtration

LA MESA TREATMENT PLANT No. 2WATER TREATMENT PROCESS BLOCK DIAGRAM

Screening(Raw Water Inlet)

Coagulation(Repartition Building)

Floecculation(Pulsator-Clarifier)

Proposed Rehabilitation

The proposed rehabilitation works would mainly address the following:• Improvement/maximizing the treatment plant capacity• Improvement of the quality of the treated water• Improvement of the operational efficiency and reliability• Acceptable sludge management

For LP1, rehabilitation will be geared towards increasing the production capacity from 1,500 MLD to1,800 MLD by upgrading the clarifiers and refurbishing the filters. The upgrading of the clarifiers couldeither be by installing of sludge scrapers and Lamella plates or, by installing Lamella only but withincreased frequency of manual cleaning of the clarifiers. The refurbishment of the filters would requirethe repair of the penstocks, replacement of filter media and repair of the level sensors and other filtercontrols. The highest level of rehabilitation is the automation of the operation by providingProgrammable Logic Controllers (PLC) to control individual equipment, including data acquisition. Asthere is no opportunity to increase the capacity or improve on the performance of LP2, no majorrehabilitation is required. However, proper maintenance is still required to ensure that all equipmentare operating in accordance with the design.

The rehabilitation of the two water treatment plants will also focus on the improvement of the sludgemanagement system. Sludge is generated in the clarification and filtration stages. In LP1, the sludgeis directed to four sludge lagoons. To date, these lagoons are full as de-sludging has never beenconducted since operations commenced in 1982. Any overflow from these lagoons directly flows tothe La Mesa Creek. LP2 has an automated system and the clarifiers generate less sludge than LP1.The original plan was to direct the sludge from LP2 to the nearest sludge lagoon of LP1. However,this did not materialize as the sludge lagoon is more elevated than LP2 as the sludge may backflowfrom the lagoons to LP2. Thus, the discharge from LP2 is directed to the La Mesa Creek.

The improvement of the sludge management system greatly requires dredging of the accumulatedsludge in the existing lagoons.

The following options for managing the existing sludge may be considered:• Disposal in a landfill• Land application in lahar areas• Usage as cement/concrete admixture• Usage as backfill material

To manage the newly generated sludge, the following options may be taken:• Sludge volume reduction by separating the filter backwash sludge from the clarifier sludge

and by construction of a sludge drying bed to decrease the supernatant• Sequential filling of the lagoons• Constructing a sludge pumping chamber at the end of the LP2 sludge drain line to pump the

sludge to the lagoons in LP1

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2.3.2 Rehabilitation and Reconfiguration of Primary Distribution System andEstablishment of Hydraulic Areas

The Existing Distribution System

Pipelines

Fifty percent of the 4,100 km pipe network is more than 50 years old, while the rest was installed in the1980’s as part of the improvement during the construction of the La Mesa Treatment Plant and theassociated Rehab 1 and Rehab 2 projects of MWSS (Figure 2-5). About 50% are PVC pipes with CI(cast iron) and AC (asbestos cement) as the main materials except for the primary mains which arepredominantly steel. The pipelines are characterized as:

• Primary Distribution System (PDS) – Diameter is from 350 mm or more. It should have nodirect service connections. This represents around 9% of the total length of the main system.

• Secondary Distribution System (SDS) – Diameter is between 150 mm to 300 mm. Distributeswater from the primary system to localities, service connections are made to these linesalthough in an ideal system, this should not occur. About 13% of the distribution system fitsthis category.

• Tertiary Distribution System (TDS) – Diameter is from100 mm and below delivering water tocustomer supplies. About 78% is composed of these small mains.

Figure 2-5. Age profile of existing water pipelines

Pressure in the system is below the required (7 psi), wherein contamination of the system is possible.Information on the pipe conditions is limited as well. As mentioned in the preceding section, theinterconnections of secondary and tertiary pipes are complicated, making monitoring difficult.

Pumps , Storage and Pump Stations

Water from the La Mesa Treatment Plants is fed to the distribution system through gravity. For theNorth and South areas, these are fed through storage and/ or booster pumps.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


There are 17 existing pump stations, 10 of which are operational. The pump stations are operatedmanually and on schedules. There are 15 existing storage areas, 11 are fed through gravity whilefour are fed through a pump system. Of the 11 gravity system reservoirs, seven are operational andthe rest are non-operational. Only two of the pump system reservoirs are operational.

Measurement and Control

For flow and pressure measurements, MWSI emplaced gauging points, meters and isolation valves instrategic locations. There are 61 gauging points where regular readings are made, 116 meters and 51isolation valves that enable flow control in the system. By 2007, MWSI is committed to install a total of61 gauging points, 154 district meters and 77 isolation valves.

Proposed Rehabilitation

The second project component entails the following improvement:• Installation of new primary main to be located adjacent to the existing primary lines.• Improvement of the secondary and tertiary distribution lines• Measurement of hydraulic zoning• Improvement of humping Stations• Procurement of instruments and equipment, as well as provision of trainings

PipelinesThe proposed Primary Distribution System (PDS) that serves as the backbone of the water supplysystem was built using an Epanet network model for 2005 (PDNHM-2005). This was expanded intothe Primary Distribution Network Hydraulic model for 2015 (PDNHM-15). The model aims to developPDS options; hydraulic modelling and conduct water demand projections and allocation of nodaldemands.

Result of the modelling exercise provided one valid option for MWSI (4MDDb) out of the five preferredPDS development options presented. Table 2-4 presents the component facilities of the 2010 and2015 PDS Improvement Plans based on the Model/Option 4MDDb. Figures 2-6 and 2-7 show theproposed configuration of the primary lines for 2010 and 2015, respectively.

Table 2-4. Existing component facilities and the proposed facilities with the 2010 and 2015 PDS Improvement Plans

PUMPING STATIONExisting Capacity

(MLD x M) Total Capacity (MLD x M)Pump Station2005 2010 2015

North A 104 x 63 No upgrade 320 x 69North B 252 x 19 No upgrade No upgradeNorth C 207 x 49 228 x 49 No upgradeCommonwealth - 140 x 52.5 12 x 24Algeciras BP 102 x 30 115 x 46 No upgradeAlgeciras SP 113 x 45.7 49 x 42 No upgradeErmita SP 34 x 29 201 x 36 No upgradeErmita BP 68 x 24 60 x 52.5 No upgradeEspiritu SP 90 x 45.7 216 x 47.25 No upgradeEspiritu BP No upgrade No upgrade

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Pasay BP-A 34.8 x 40 No upgrade 30 x 19.5Pasay SP-A 23.4 x 45 270 x 52.5 30 x 19.5Pasay BP-B 18 x 20 80 x 56.25 No upgradePasay SP-B - No upgrade No upgradeEDSA Roosevelt - - -Imus - - 4 x 10Imus Bacoor - - 22 x 9Muntinlupa BP1 - - 21 x 49.5Muntinlupa BP2 - - 12 x 45Villamor 34 x 30 No upgrade -

RESERVOIRSRequired Reservoir (Volume) ML Remarks

ReservoirExisting Volume

(ML) Year 2010 Yr 2015La Mesa 56 56 56 Use existingBagbag 200 200 200 Use ExistingSacred Heart 12 10 10 Use existingBinuksuk 30 30 30 Use existingAlgeciras 38 38 38 Use existingPasay 19 19 19 Use existingErmita 19 19 19 Use existingEspiritu 19 19 19 Use existingNew BilibidPrison,Muntinlupa

0 35 35 Build new

Total 393 426 426

PDS Pipe LengthExisting Pipes (m) New Pipes Length (m)

Pipe Diameter(mm)

2005 2010 2015 Total

300 Ø <600 208,923 61,633 54,160 115,793600 Ø <1200 145,914 74,399 58,506 132,9051200 Ø <2000 79,243 39,072 7,575 46,647Total 434,080 175,104 120,241 295,345

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


Figure 2-6. Layout of the Primary Distribution System 2010

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Figure 2-7. Layout of Primary Distribution System 2015

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


Business Center and Zone Measurement

To properly assess and identify NRW sources in the different sections of the network, accurate andreliable information on flows and pressures in the water distribution network is essential. At present,there are 15 business centers. In each business center, there are multiple inflows and outflowsrequiring a number of meters for each business center (Figure 2-8). This results to inaccuracy ofwater consumption measurements for an area associated with several meter readings, as well asdifficulty in managing network operations and maintenance.

For the proposed improvement plan, hydraulic areas will be established to address such difficulties.Hydraulic areas are areas with closed hydraulic boundaries and ideally with a single feed from a largeprimary main, pump or a reservoir. Each hydraulic area is subdivided into district meteredareas/zones (DMZ) which again will, as far as practical, have closed boundaries and a single meteredfeed. This restructuring of the network is essential to be able to understand inflows and outflows in thesystem. The schematic representations of a distribution network before and after establishment ofDMZs are given in Figures 2-9 and 2-10. Figure 2-11 illustrates the schematic representation of aDMZ.

Figure 2-8. Typical Business Centre Arrangement (i.e., Quirino BC)

Inflow

Inflow

Outflow

Outflow

Outflow

Outflow

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


Figure 2-9. The existing distribution system

Figure 2-10. The proposed distribution system

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Figure 2-11. The schematic representation of a District Meter Zone (DMZ)

2.3.3 Construction of a New Reservoir in New Bilibid, Muntinlupa

In establishment of the PDS plan, a new water source was identified for the South Business Center(i.e., 300 MLD from Laguna Lake). This requires a corresponding storage which is the thirdcomponent of the 10 year improvement plan. The new reservoir will be located in the New BilibidPrison in Muntinlupa (Figure 2-12) and will have a capacity of 30 ML. It will be an underground ofwater storage similar with the Bagbag Reservoir (Plate 2-2). It will have a dimension of approximately75m x 75m x 6m. A pump of 30 MLD capacity will also be installed to draw water from the reservoir tothe distribution lines.

Plate 2-2. The underground reservoir in Bagbag, similar structure will be built in the New Bilibid Prison, Muntinlupa,which will serve the South Business Area.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:12


Figure 2-12. Location Map of the Proposed Muntinlupa Reservoir

2.4 Project CostThe total project cost is Php 33.050 Billion with Php 21.188 Billion (64%) and Php 11.862 Billion (36%)allocated respectively for Phase 1(2006-2010) and Phase 2 (2010-2015) projects. Table 2-5 showsthe budget per project component:

Table 2-5. Project cost per component

Project Components Total (In Million Pesos)Component 1Water Treatment Plants Rehabilitation 398.00Components 2 and 3Rehabilitation of Primary DistributionSystem/ Construction of New Reservoir

9,771.00

Zones Rehabilitation/Reconfiguration 15,310.00General CostsServices and Training 3,260.00Physical Contigency 4,311.00Total Cost 33,050.00

2.5 Project ScheduleThe 10 year development plan is from 2006 to 2015. The project implementation schedule is shown inTable 2-6.

The proposed 2-ha water storage

Victoria Homes

BCGSMagnetic

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Table 2-6. Project Implementation Schedule

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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015North A 1 North A (Nova/Ncal)

2 NORTH B (Nova/Val)3 NORTH B (Val)4 NORTH C (Comm)5 NORTH C (Nova/Qui)6 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Quirino)7 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Quirino)8 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Quirino)9 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Scal)

10 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Scal)11 MALABON-NAVOTAS (Mal/Nav)12 MALABON-NAVOTAS (Mal/Nav)13 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Scal)14 CAL, RSVT & QUI (Rsvt)15 CENTRAL (Sampaloc)16 CENTRAL (Tondo)17 CENTRAL (Sta Cruz/Tondo)19 CENTRAL (Sampaloc)

Algeciras 18 CENTRAL (Sta Cruz/Sam)Ermita 20 CENTRAL (South Manila)

21 ESPIRITU & VILLAMOR (Pasay/Makati)22 ESPIRITU & VILLAMOR (Pasay/Makati/Paran)24 PASAY (Pasay/Makati/Paran)25 PASAY EXTENSION (Cavite)26 PASAY EXTENSION (Cavite)27 PASAY (LP/Cavite)23 300 MLD (Paranaque)28 300 MLD (Munti)29 300 MLD (Munti)30 300 MLD (LP)31 300 MLD (Cavite)

Treatment Plant LP1 & LP2

Note:Schedule covers the following: Legend-Investigations (topo, soil, utility, mains) PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (PDS) WORKS-Preliminary Design ZONE REHABILITATION WORKS-Detail Design + bid documents TREATMENT PLANTS (LP1 & LP2) REHABILITATION-Bidding-Construction

HYDRAULICAREA LOCATION

Espiritu

Pasay

Laguna300 MLD

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE FOR THE 10 YEAR IMPROVEMENT PLAN

North B

North C

NorthBagbag

PHASE 1 PHASE 2SYSTEM

3.0 Existing Environmental Conditions3.1 Physical Environment3.1.1 Topography

The National Capital Region (NCR) is situated in a semi-alluvial floodplain encompassing a land areaof 636 km2 open to Manila Bay on the west and to Laguna Lake on the south-east. The topography ofthe West Zone service area is characterized by the geological formations of the Coastal Margin andGuadalupe Plateau and its northeast border by the Marikina Valley Formation. Almost half of theconcession area is under a coastal plain and ground elevation is below 10 mASL. Slopes aregenerally flat (0 to 1%) and drainage pattern is westward i.e., towards Manila Bay. Elevation at theGuadalupe Plateau is up to 100m amsl in the northern area and 30 to 40 m at the southern sector. A1% to 3% rise in slope occurs from the coastal plains to the Guadalupe Plateau, while slopes at theCavite coastal plains do not exceed 3%. In the southeastern sector of the concession area (i.e.,Muntinlupa, elevations range from 20m to 50m amsl.

3.1.2 Geology and Structures

The Geology of Metro Manila is composed of five formational units namely Quaternary Alluvium, theGuadalupe Formation, the Alat Conglomerate, the Binangonan Limestone and Angat Formation(MGB, 1983). The Quaternary Alluvium consists of recent deposits of unconsolidated sediments ofsandstone, siltstone, claystone and conglomerates, most of which are located in Manila and along thecoastal sections of the Camanava and Las Pinas-Paranaque areas. The Guadalupe Formation iscategorized into two sub-units, namely the pumiceous Pyroclastic Flow units underlying the QuezonCity and Pasig-Mandaluyong-Taguig Area, and the more extensive volcanic Tuffaceous Depositspresent in Quezon City, Caloocan and southeastern Metro Manila areas. The Alat Conglomerategenerally underlies the Guadalupe Formation to the north and is observed in certain areas in QuezonCity and Marikina, but exposures are more prominent in Bulacan. The Binangonan Limestoneprominently underlies the areas of Antipolo and Teresa, Rizal along eastern Metro Manila. Thebasement Angat Formation consisting of upper Ophiolite sequences of Gabbro and Pillow Basalts areobserved to occur at the northern Quezon City area and in the towns of Montalban, Taytay andCainta, Rizal.

The active Valley Fault System (VFS) formerly named as the Marikina Valley Fault System (MVFS)(Daligdig et. Al., 1997) traverse the Eastern Metro Manila and Rizal areas. The generally North-Southtrending VFS extends to the active Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) to the north and links to the linearstructure parallel to the Tagaytay Ridge at the south. The active PFZ is located east of Metro Manilaand straddles the Sierra Madre Range. West of Manila is the active Manila Trench, which issubducting beneath the Luzon section of the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) (Aurelio, 2000).

Site Geology and Structure: New Bilibid Compound Reservoir

The proposed site for the New Bilibid Prison Compound Reservoir is generally underlain byTuffaceous Deposits of the Guadalupe Formation, with representative outcrops exposed in areas nearthe South Super Highway and at hillside areas. Active faults mapped by Phivolcs (2000) that wereclosely related to the VFS mostly cluster at the eastern section of the project site, with a general north-south trend. Based on the Attenuation Relation Equation of Fukushima and Tanaka (1992), PeakGround Acceleration (PGA) values for the Muntinlupa area were calculated for a potential earthquakemagnitude of 7.0 and a distance of 2.5 kilometres from the nearest probable active fault. The averagePGA for the site is at 0.564, with as low as 0.338 for Bedrock, followed by 0.603 for Hard Soil, 0.491for Medium Soil and 0.784 for Soft Soil. It should be noted that calculated peak PGA values arerelatively higher due to proximity with the mapped active faults by Phivolcs (2000), that may have aclose association with the Valley Fault System (VFS). Being underlain by mostly tuff deposits

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Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanJ:\51054406\01_Administration\007_Reports\EPRMP\Rev 0\WorldBank Copy\3.0 Existing EnvironmentalConditions.docRevision 0 October 2006 Page 3-1

mentioned before, the bedrock PGA value is best used as a gauge for potential response to anearthquake.

Figure 3-1. The proposed project site with respect to the Valley Fault System (in red lines, Phivolcs 1999)

3.1.3 Rainfall and Temperature

The project area has two distinct seasons: the dry season from December to April and the wet seasonfrom May to November. Average annual rainfall ranges from 1,500mm to 2,000mm. About 90% ofthe rainfall occurs in the wet season with June or July as the wettest month.

Mean maximum temperature is 330C while mean minimum temperature is 21.10C. The cool monthsare December and January, while the hot months are April and May.

3.1.4 Air Quality

Data on air quality were based on the regular monitoring of the Metro Manila Airshed conducted byEMB-DENR. Twelve sampling stations that measure road concentrations of total suspendedparticulates (TSP) across Metro Manila were considered for this study. Data from the Metro ManilaAirshed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, another project of the EMB, which has ten operating stationsthat continuously measure real time concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and other parameterswere also used. Meteorological conditions that can influence the behaviour of air pollutants like windspeed and direction, temperature, rainfall and humidity were also measured in these stations. Table3-1 shows the locations of the roadside monitoring stations for TSP, while Table 3-2 presents themonitoring stations for NO2 and SO2. Table 3-3 shows the monitoring equipment used in the AmbientAir Quality Monitoring Network in Metro Manila Airshed.

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Table 3-1. EMB Roadside TSP Monitoring Stations in Metro Manila

Station Number Location1 EDSA corner Congressional Avenue2 EDSA – National Printing Office3 EDSA corner East Avenue4 EDSA – MMDA Office5 EDSA corner Taft6 Valenzuela City Hall7 Ateneo, Katipunan Avenue8 Mandaluyong City Hall9 Pasig – LLDA Compound

10 Ayala corner Gil Puyat11 Pasay City Hall12 Rizal Avenue – Department of Health

Table 3-2. Location of the Monitoring Stations for SO2 and NO2

Station Number Location

1 Manila Observatory, Ateneo de Manila University

2 Bureau of Broadcasting Services Compound, Marulas,Valenzuela

3 Clark Air Force Base, Angeles City, Pampanga

4 Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa,Manila

5 Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite

6 National Mapping and Resource Information Authority(NAMRIA), Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

7 Bureau of Plant Industry, Los Baños, Laguna8 Provincial Veterinary Office, Batangas City9 New Bilibid Prison Compound, Muntinlupa City

10 Valle Verde I Subdivision, Pasig City

Table 3-3. Monitoring Equipment in the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network in Metro Manila Airshed

Parameter Equipment/MethodSO2 Pulsed Fluorescence SO2 AnalyserNOx ChemiluminescencePM10 Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM)

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TSP

The annual geometric mean of roadside TSP levels in Metro Manila for 2003 and 2004 is presented inFigure 3-2. In 2003, the Valenzuela City Hall Station had the highest mean concentration at247µg/Nm3. Of the 10 operating monitoring stations in 2003, only the Ateneo Katipunan Stationregistered levels within the National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) standard for long term exposure(averaging time is 1 year). However in 2004, readings from all 12 TSP monitoring stations in MetroManila exceeded the limits of the prescribed criterion. The highest annual mean concentration of TSPin 2004 was recorded at the intersection of EDSA and Congressional Avenue, where levels reached275µg/Nm3, which is thrice the guideline values.

*Source: National Air Quality Status Report, 2003-2004

Figure 3-2. Annual Geometric Mean of Roadside TSP Levels in Metro Manila, 2003-2004 (mg/Nm3)

SO2 and NO2

Annual mean concentrations of SO2 recorded in 2003 and from June to December 2004 show thatlevels in the nine EMB monitoring stations were within the prescribed limit. Likewise, NO2concentrations in 2003 did not exceed the 24-hour NAAQ standard guideline. Figures 3-3 and Figure3-4 show the graphical presentation of SO2 and NO2 at the Manila Observatory Station in Ateneo.

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3.1.5 Water Quality

This subsection is an assessment of the water quality in the surface waters that will be potentiallyaffected by the implementation of the proposed project and its support facilities. The data for the LaMesa Creek are secondary, mainly from the database of the La Mesa Central Laboratory. Waterquality of surface waters along the route of the proposed primary distribution lines, was derived fromavailable secondary references, while data for the proposed reservoir in Muntinlupa are primary.These were gathered during water sampling conducted on 11 October 2006.

La Mesa Water Treatment Plants

To comply with the Effluent Regulations of 1990 (DAO 90-35), five sampling stations for the monitoringof the discharges from LP1 and LP2 Treatments were established (Table 3-4, Figure 3-5)

Table 3-4. Sampling sites for wastewater monitoring

Station DescriptionLP1D LP1 Plant 1, overflow from sludge lagoon 1LP2D LP2 Plant Effluent, from sludge chamberLMC1 La Mesa Creek, before discharge point of LP2

PlantLMC2 La Mesa Creek, mixing point with LP2 discharge

PlantLMC3 La Mesa Creek, mixing point with LP1 discharge

Plant*Tullahan River Crossing of Tullahan River and Commonwealth

Avenue* not in the location map

Figure 3-3. SO2 Concentrations at the ManilaObservatory Ateneo Station (2003)

Figure 3-4. NO2 Concentrations at the Manila Observatory,Ateneo Station (2003)

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Figure 3-5. Locations of the water quality sampling stations

The water quality data of the wastewater from LP1 and LP2 Plants are presented in Tables 3-5 and 3-6. The data were taken from the PCO reports and laboratory results from the MWSI CentralLaboratory. Pursuant to DAO No. 90-35, compliance is reckoned at 90% of the year if daily effluentmonitoring is done. Otherwise, the regulation that applies is 100% compliance or no exceedances atany time of the year.

La Mesa Treatment Plant No. 1 Overflow

Table 3-5. Wastewater Quality of LP1 Discharge

2005 2006Water QualityParameters Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1

DAO 90-35 EffluentStandard for Class C

Receiving WatersBOD (mg/L) 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 50COD (mg/L) 48 67 79.5 41 100TSS (mg/L) 4 6 3.5 12 70Color (PCU) 2.0 4.0 2.5 3.0 150

Temperature (ºC) 27 26 26 26 not more than 3ºC riseover ambient

pH 7.5 7.2 7.5 7.6 6.5-9.0Oil/Grease (mg/L) 0.6 0.1 0.15 0.1 5

Coliform MPN/100mL 500 50 50 2 10,000

LMC1

LP2D

LMC3

LP1D

LMC2

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BOD and CODThe levels for Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) ranged from 3.0 to 3.3 mg/L from Q2 2005 to Q12006. Levels are far less than the 50 mg/L criteria for BOD in wastewater. For Chemical OxygenDemand (COD), levels ranged from 41 mg/L to 79.5 mg/L. Similar with BOD, COD levels are lessthan the 100 mg/L maximum limit. LP1 complies with the prescribed Effluent Quality limits.

Color, Temperature and pHThe color in the LP1 discharge ranged from 2.0 to 4.0 PCU. Thus, it complies with the prescribedcriterion of 150 PCU. Temperature ranged from 26ºC to 27ºC. The DAO 90-35 requirement fortemperature is a minimum of 3ºC increase from the ambient temperature. The LP1 discharge compliedaccordingly as shown by the temperature of La Mesa Creek which usually varied from 26.0 ºC to 27.0ºC. The pH readings ranged from 7.2 to 7.6 and are within the 6.5 to 9.0 prescribed limits.

TSS and Oil/GreaseThe total suspended solids (TSS) level ranged from 3.5 mg/L to 12 mg/L and does not exceed the 70mg/L prescribed limit for effluent quality. The levels of oil/grease, which had a range of 0.1 mg/L to0.6 mg/L, likewise complied with the required limit of 5 mg/L.

Total ColiformLaboratory results indicate that the LP1 wastewater passed the criteria for Effluent Quality. Levelsranged from 2 to 500 MPN/100 mL and are way below the 10,000 MPN/100 mL guidelines.

La Mesa Treatment Plant No. 2 (LP2 Effluent)

Table 3-6. Wastewater Quality of LP2 Discharge

Note: The available data for the LP2 discharge are from Q1 2005, Q3 2005 to Q3 2006.

BOD and CODFor the period of Q1 2005 to Q1 2006, the BOD levels in the effluent ranged from 20 mg/L to 653mg/L, sometimes exceeding the 50 mg/L DAO 90-35 maximum limit. COD levels varied from 787mg/L to 1, 259 mg/L, and are above the prescribed limit of 100 mg/L.

2005 2006DAO 90-35 Effluent

Standard for Class CReceiving Waters

Water QualityParameters

Q1 Q3 Q1 Q2BOD (mg/L) 60 653 20 77 50COD (mg/L) 1200.5 1,259 787 1092 100TSS (mg/L) 20,004 36,324 20,004 18,724 70Color (PCU) 52.7 6 53 40 150

Temperature (ºC) 26.727.5 25.3 26.5 not more than 3ºC rise

over ambientpH 6.9 7.3 6.9 7.2 6.5-9.0Oil/Grease (mg/L) 40.7 1 41 20 5Coliform MPN/100mL 2 101 2 8 10,000

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Color, Temperature and pHColor ranged from 6.0 PCU to 52.7 PCU and does not exceed the 150 PCU limit. Temperature andpH varied from 25.3 ºC to 27.5 ºC and 6.9 to 7.6, respectively. Comparing the temperature of the LP2wastewater with that of the La Mesa Creek, there is no exceedance to the prescribed limit. Likewise,the pH levels ranged from 6.5 to 7.3, which were still within the allowable range of 6.5 – 9.0.

TSS and Oil/GreaseTSS is relatively elevated in LP2 than in LP1. Results indicate that TSS levels ranged from 18,724mg/L to 36,324 mg/L, highly elevated relative to the 70 mg/L maximum value. These levels of TSSstress the importance of a settling basin to effectively decrease the solids before the discharge exits tothe La Mesa Creek. Similarly, oil/grease levels are elevated. Compared with the prescribed limit of 5mg/L, the water discharge in LP2 registered levels that ranged from 1.0 mg/L to 40.7 mg/L. As thisplant is automated, the maintenance of the facility involves the use of lubricants which may have beenthe source of the oil/grease levels.

Total ColiformTotal coliform readings varied from 2 MPN/100mL to 101 MPN/100mL. Although detectable, thelevels do not exceed the standard value of 10,000 MPN/100 mL average for three-month-monitoringperiod.

La Mesa Creek and Tullahan RiverThe nearest water body to the La Mesa Treatment Plants is the La Mesa Creek, a north-southtrending tributary of Tullahan River. This creek also catches the drainage of Lagro Subdivision, locatedwest of LP2. The wastewater of LP2 is piped from the sludge chamber to La Mesa Creek. In LP1,the wastewater overflowing from the sludge lagoons flows to a central canal that also leads to LaMesa Creek. Table 3-7 presents the water quality data of the monitoring station along La Mesa Creekupstream of LP2, while the water quality data at the mixing point of the La Mesa Creek and LP2discharge is tabulated in Table 3-8. Table 3-9 presents the available data on the mixing point of LaMesa Creek and LP1, while Table 3-10 presents the water quality of Tullahan River taken fromCommonwealth Avenue. Data available for the La Mesa Creek is from July 2005 to November 2005,while the available data for Tullahan River is from September to November 2005 and from February toAugust 2006. The discharge flow is monitored using Venturi and Magnetic Flow Meters.

Table 3-7. Water Quality of La Mesa Creek Upstream of LP2 Discharge

2005Water Quality

Parameter July August September November

DAO 90-34 Criteriafor Class C water(annual average

value)BOD (mg/L) 4.1 6 2.9 3 7(10 max)COD (mg/L) 36 45 84 88 -

TSS (mg/L) 4 92 12 2

not more than 30mg/L increase over

backgroundColor (PCU) 3 2 4 4 -Temperature (ºC) 27.9 27.2 28 26 -pH 7.7 7.9 7.4 7.5 6.5 - 8.5Oil/Grease (mg/L) n.d. 0.2 1.3 0.1 2Dissolved Oxygen(mg/L) 8.0 8.0 7.2 7.2 5 (min)

Total Coliform(MPN/100 mL) 5.0 x 104 1.3 x104 2.3 x104 2.2 x 106

5.0 x 103 (geometricmean over 3-month

period not to beexceeded in 20%

samples)

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Table 3-8. Water Quality of the Mixing Point of La Mesa Creek and LP2 Discharge

Table 3-9. Water Quality of the Mixing Point of La Mesa Creek and LP1 Discharge

Water QualityParameters 2005 2006

DAO 90-34 Criteria forClass C water (annual

average value)Q1 Q3 Q2 Q3

BOD (mg/L) 10 17 20.5 6 7(10 max)COD (mg/L) 316.5 245 300 145 -

TSS (mg/L) 9,177.7 23,100 7,050 26,900 not more than 30 mg/Lincrease

Color (PCU) 22.6 3 40 3 -

Temperature (ºC) 26.7 27.3 26.4 27.3

not more than 3ºC riseover average ofmaximum daily

temperature over 1month

pH 6.9 7.6 7.2 7.1 6.5-8.5Oil/Grease (mg/L) 15 1 21 2

Coliform MPN/100 nL 2 361 2 2

5.0 x 103 (geometricmean over 3-month

period not to beexceeded in 20%

samples)


2005DAO 90-34 Criteria forClass C water (annual

average value)August September November

BOD (mg/L) 10 14 15 7(10 max)COD (mg/L) 81 297 306 -

TSS (mg/L) 652 5000 5733 Not more than 30 mg/Lincrease

Color (PCU) 3 4 4 -

Temperature (ºC)

27.4

27.0

26.0 not more than 3ºC rise overaverage of maximum dailytemperature over 1 month

pH 7.9 7.1 7.1 6.5-8.5Oil/Grease (mg/L) 0.2 1.4 0.2 2Dissolved Oxygen(DO) (mg/L) 6.7 5.9 5.0 5.0 (min)

Coliform MPN/100 mL 5.0 x 104 3.0 x 104 27

5.0 x 10 3 (geometric meanover 3-month period not to

be exceeded in 20%samples)

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Table 3-10. Water Quality of Tullahan River (Commonwealth Avenue)

Tullahan River is classified under Class C, based on DAO 90-34. The La Mesa Creek is alsocategorized in the same class based on its best beneficial future usage. Thus, the water quality dataof these two streams are compared with the prescribed criteria for Class C waters.

DO, BOD and CODThe available water quality data of the La Mesa Creek portion before the discharge point of LP2 arefrom July 2005 to September 2005 and November 2005. The DO levels ranged from 7.2 mg/L to 8.0mg/L, conforming to the 5.0 mg/L minimum limit. The BOD and COD data varied from 2.9 mg/L to 6mg/L and 36 mg/L to 88 mg/L, respectively (Table 3-7).

Water quality data from the mixing point of the LP2 discharge and La Mesa Creek are available fromQ1 2005 to Q3 2006. Levels of BOD and COD in this station during these periods ranged from 6 mg/Lto 20.5 mg/L and from 145 mg/L to 316.5 mg/L, respectively (Table 3-8). The BOD levels show someexceedance to the BOD maximum criteria of 10 mg/L. For COD, there is no standard set by theDENR.

Further downstream in the mixing point of La Mesa Creek and the LP1 discharge, the DO levelsranged from 5.0 mg/L to 6.7 mg/L and are compliant with the DENR minimum limit. The BOD is from10 mg/l to 15 mg/L and exceeded the maximum limit. COD levels are from 81 mg/L to 306 mg/L(Table 3-9).

2005 2006Water QualityParameters Sept Nov Feb March April June July August

DAO 90-34Criteria for

Class C water

pH 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.8 7.2 7 7.2 6.5-8.5Color 4 5 3 3 5 38 125 50 -

Temperature 27 26 25.8 26 25.9 27 - 27

not more than3ºC rise overaverage ofmaximumdailytemperatureover 1 month

BOD 25 19 nd Nd 13 23 13 9 7COD 545 139 32 94 33 90 204 23 -DissolvedOxygen 4.2 0.1 6.5 n.d. 6 5.3 4.9 5.6 5TSS 730 2,033 375 2,100 35 2,250 685 292 -Oil/Grease 5 0.8 21 32 12 5 3 2 2

Total Coliform 1.4 x107 5.0 x 106 5.0 x 106 3.4 x 107 2.0 106 1.1 x 107 1.9 x 106 1.1 x 106

5.0 x 10 3

(geometricmean over 3-month period

not to beexceeded in

20% samples)

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For Tullahan River, the available data are from September 2005 to November 2005 and February2006 to August 2006 (Table 3-10). In the said period, DO concentrations ranged from 0.1 mg/L to 6.5mg/L. Generally, the 5 mg/L minimum limit is met except for a few events where the DO readingsfailed to meet the required value. This may be due to the very slow stream flow making aerationlimited. Such failure to meet the required value does not however indicate that the wastewater comingfrom the plants directly affect the DO levels of Tullahan River.

BOD levels ranged from 9 mg/L to 25 mg/L, exceeding the maximum limit of 10 mg/L. COD rangedfrom 23 mg/l to 545 mg/L. Results show that BOD exceeded the required limit.

Color, Temperature and pHUpstream of the discharge point of LP2, the color varied from 2 PCU to 4 PCU. Temperature yieldeda range of 26ºC to 28 ºC, while pH ranged from 7.4 to 7.9. The pH meets the DAO 90-34 criteria,while there are no criteria applicable for color and temperature in control stations.

At the discharge point of LP2, color ranged from 3 PCU to 40 PCU. Temperature and pH varied from25.3 ºC to 27.3 ºC and 6.9 to 7.6, respectively. The pH levels ranged from 6.5 to 7.6, still within the6.5 – 9.0 allowable limits. Temperature is within the allowed maximum 3ºC rise over ambient.

Color levels after the discharge point of LP1 varied from 3 PCU to 4 PCU. Temperature and pHranged from 26.0 ºC to 27.4 ºC and 7.1 to 7.9, respectively. Bother parameters comply with waterquality criteria set by DENR.

In the Tullahan River, color was measured to range from 3 PCU to 125 PCU, while temperatureranged from 25.8ºC to 27ºC. No prescribed limits are applicable to these parameters. For pH, therange was 7.0 to 7.8 indicating compliance with the allowable limits (6.5 to 8.5).

TSS and Oil/Grease (La Mesa Creek and Tullahan River)TSS levels in La Mesa Creek varied from 2 mg/L to 92 mg/L. This is the background level for thiswater body as this is upstream of any discharge from LP1 and LP2. Oil/grease concentrations rangedfrom 0.1 mg/L to 1.3 mg/L, and are within the 2 mg/L criterion.

At the mixing point of La Mesa Creek and the discharge water from LP2, laboratory results indicatethat TSS levels ranged from 7,050 mg/L to 23,100 mg/L. The data show elevated levels stressing theimportance of a settling basin to effectively decrease the solids before the discharge exits to the LaMesa Creek. Similarly, oil/grease levels are elevated. Compared with the prescribed limit of 2 mg/L,the levels ranged from 1mg/L to as high as 21 mg/L. As this plant is automated, the maintenance ofthe facility involves the use of lubricants, which may have been the source of the oil/grease levels.

At the mixing point of La Mesa Creek and the discharge from LP1, TSS levels were from 652 mg/L to5, 733 mg/L, reflecting the high TSS of the LP2 discharge. Oil and grease levels are compliant, with arange of 0.2 mg/l to 1.4 mg/L.

In the Tullahan River station, the oil/grease levels ranged from 0.8 mg/L to 32 mg/L. Levels areelevated compared to the 2 mg/L guideline. Given that the Tullahan River receives drainage fromvarious residential areas and thoroughfares, it is expected that oil/grease levels are elevated.

Total ColiformThe range of coliform levels upstream of La Mesa Creek is from 1.3x104 MPN/100mL to 2.2 x 106

MPN/100 mL. Levels exceed the MPN/100 mL criterion of 5 x 103 required limit. Tullahan Riverregistered a more elevated range of levels, from 1.1x106 MPN/100 mL to 3.4x107 MPN/100 mL. The

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coliform levels in the wastewater from LP1 and LP2 are very low and not deemed to have a significantimpact on the bacteriological condition of the La Mesa Creek and Tullahan River.

Distribution Lines

As discussed in the preceding section, the distribution lines follow the road alignments. These crossseveral waterways that may be impacted during the installation of the new pipes. Due to the lack ofavailable data on the small tributaries that would be potentially affected, the discussion in this reportwill be on the current general condition of the main river systems where these tributaries drain to.

From the water treatment plants in La Mesa Dam, the established ROW (Right of Way) crosses creeksand rivers that belong to the Tullahan River System. Rehabilitation works in the ROW in the westernpart of the MWSI service area would probably affect the Tullahan-Tejeros River system. In theTandang Sora area, Dario Creek, a tributary of San Francisco River may be potentially affected. Inthe Manila-Pasay area, the ROW crosses several canals that lead to Manila Bay. The ROW for thedistribution lines from the proposed reservoir in Muntinlupa to the respective supply areas cross waterchannels that eventually drain to Laguna Lake. These creeks exhibit typical physical conditions ofwaterways in highly urbanized areas: voluminous floating garbage, dark color and very slow flow ofwater which produce unpleasant odor.

Programs (e.g., Sagip Batis sa Quezon City, etc.) driven by both government and public agencieshave tackled the state of water quality of main river channels such as Tullahan River and San JuanRiver. Laguna Lake is closely monitored by Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA). Limited rawdata on these findings are readily available in secondary references (e.g., internet, magazines,newsletters, daily newspaper). Nevertheless, the most significant finding is that these rivers arebiologically dead with DO levels measured at 0 mg/L. The decreasing trend in DO is coupled withincreasing BOD levels.

Tributary of the Poblacion Creek, New Bilibid, Muntinlupa

The proposed Muntinlupa reservoir is located in the southwest sector of the New Bilibid PrisonCompound. Approximately 300 meters to the south of the proposed area is an east-west trendingcreek, a tributary of the Poblacion River. This creek provides for the washing and cleaning waterrequirements of the households located along the creek. Drainage from the proposed project siteleads to the creek as indicated by the topography. This also indicates that the construction of theproposed reservoir will potentially impact on the said creek.

Water samples were collected from two stations on 11 October 2006, to establish the baseline waterquality condition of the creek. Station B1 is 10 meters east of the concrete road to Victoria Homes,while B2 is approximately 100 m downstream of B1 (Figure 3-6).

The parameters that were analysed were selected based on the potential impacts of a waterimpoundment project. In situ readings were taken for pH, temperature and DO. A HORIBA® D-22model glass-electrode pH meter was used to measure pH and temperature while DO readings weremeasured with a WTW® Oxi 330i DO meter. Sampling techniques, preservation and handling ofsamples are standardized with the Australian/New Zealand Standard 5667.1:1998 summarized in theWater Quality Sampling Manual, Third Edition (1999), by the Queensland Environmental ProtectionAgency.

The analytical procedures employed are based on the Philippine Standard Methods for Air and Wateranalysis as recommended by the DENR (Table 3-11).

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Figure 3-6. Locations of water quality sampling stations (in yellow circle)

Table 3-11. Analytical Methods

Based on the best beneficial use of the water, this creek is classified under Class C of the DAO 90-34classification. Results of the analyses (Table 3-12) are evaluated using the prescribed limits for suchwater class.

Parameter MethodBOD Azide Modification (Dilution Technique)TSS Gravimetric (dried at 103-105?C)NO3-N Bruccine SulfatePO4-P Stannous ChlorideTurbidity Nephelometric MethodTotal Coliform Multiple Tube FermentationFecal Coliform Multiple Tube Fermentation

The proposed 2-hawater storage area

Victoria Homes Subdivision

BCGSMagnetic

Station B1

Station B2

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Table 3-12. Water Quality Data of the Poblacion River Tributary


B1 B2 DAO 90-34Class C

pH 7.39 7.33 6.0-9.0Temperature 30.3 30.4 not more than 3ºC rise over

the average of max dailytemp over 1 month

DO - 5.5 5 (min)BOD (mg/L) 7 7 7 (10 max)TSS (mg/L) 5 12 Not more than 30 mg/L

increasePO4-P (mg/L) 1.39 1.45 0.4NO3-N (mg/L) 0.03 <0.01 -Turbidity (NTU) 8.4 9.9 -Total Coliform (MPN/ 100 mL)

8.0 x 106 3.0 x 104 5.0 x 10 3 (geometric meanover 3-month period not tobe exceeded in 20%samples)

Fecal Coliform(MPN/ 100 mL)

2.3 x 106 3.0 x 104 -

Both stations exhibit compliance with criteria for pH, DO and BOD. However, levels of PO4-P andcoliform are elevated in both stations, most probably effects of the households located near the creek.The contribution of domestic waste to the creek is reflected by the elevated levels of fecal coliform.Temperature and TSS levels are reflective of normal background levels.

3.2 Biological Environment

Rapid assessment of flora and fauna was also conducted in the premises of the three projectcomponents. Methodology include gathering of secondary information, walk-through surveys, as wellas photo-documentation.

3.2.1 Vicinity of the La Mesa Dam

The La Mesa watershed covers a total area of 2,700 ha: about 1900 ha of forest land and 700 hacovered by the La Mesa Reservoir. The rest is occupied by the La Mesa Eco-park (33 ha) and thebuilt-up area where the La Mesa Water Treatment Facilities including the sludge lagoons (32 ha) arelocated (Plate 3-1). The watershed/forestland is maintained by MWSS while the water treatmentfacilities are operated and maintained by MWSI. Cumulative efforts of several agencies both from thegovernment and private sectors maintain the vegetative landscape of the Ecopark.

In addition to the natural forest cover of the area surrounding the La Mesa Dam, the vegetation hasbeen boosted by numerous tree-planting activities of various organizations. Table 3-13 is a list of floraspecies abundantly observed around the reservoir.

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Plate 3-1. The La Mesa Watershed. The built up area is LP1 ( LP2 is located up north of LP1 but not shown in thephoto). The Ecopark is located adjacent to LP1 at the south-south west.

Table 3-13. Tree species commonly observed in La Mesa Dam

Common Name Scientific Name Habitat/Economic StatusAcacia Acacia auriculaeformi,

Racospermaaurculiforme

The Acasia grows wild everywhere in thePhilippines, and is often used for local handicrafts,and especilly suited for turning into bowls andplates.

Ipil-ipil Leucaenaleucocephala

A small tree, soil stabilizer and leaves can be usedas an animal feed

G.Melina Gmelina aborea One of the most used plantation species in thePhilippines. Widely used for finger jointed and edgeglued materials for shelves, furniture parts, andmouldings

Mahogany Shorea negrosensis Also known as Lauan, it is considered the verybest in Asia.

Narra Pterocarpus indicus Narra is considered the most valuable wood in thePhilippines. Most often used for furniture, flooring,and panels.

Neem Azadirachta indica A small tree; Insect repellantRaintree Samanea saman Grows best in the lowlands

The lagoons were observed to be vegetated with grasses with ipil-ipil and acacia trees growing alongthe berms (Plates 3-2). These are deemed to be affected during lagoon de-sludging.

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Plate 3-2. Vegetation in the sludge lagoons and immediate vicinity

Being one of the few forested places in Metro Manila, the La Mesa Eco-park vicinity has been abirdwatching venue for bird enthusiasts. Table 3-14 is a list of the various avian species observed bythe Wild Bird Club of the Philippines during several trips to La Mesa Dam.

Table 3-14. Bird species observed in the vicinity of La Mesa Dam

Common Name Scientific Name Family Name Ecological Status/Distribution

Little Heron Butorides striatus Ardeidae Fairly common resident/migrant;fields adjacent to forest, opencountry and grasslands

Black-crownedNight-heron

Nycticoraxnycticorax

Ardeidae Uncommon migrant; from Java toNew Guinea, Australia, NewZealand and SW Pacific; roostsin trees near water during theday, and flies in wide variety ofwetlands to feed during the night

Osprey Pandion haliaetus Pandionidae Uncommon migrant; from Taiwanand SE Asia; associated withwater as it feeds exclusively onfish

White-eared Brown-Dove

Phapitreron leucotis Columbidae Common endemic; secondgrowth to primary forest fromlowlands to about 1600m in allforest levels

Amethyst Brown-Dove

Phapitreronamethystina

Columbidae Common locally; found in thelowlands but prefers middle andhigher elevations in primary andsecondary forest

Guaiabero Bolbopsittacuslunulatus

Psittacidae Common endemic; montaneforest and forest edge from 1000to 2500m

Scale-featheredMalkoha

Phaenicophaeuscumingi

Cuculidae Fairly common endemic; found inforest, forest edge and secondgrowth up to at least 2000m

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Philippine Coucal Centropus viridis Cuculidae Common endemic; found inlowland forest and forest edge

Nightjar sp Caprimulgus sp Indian subcontient, China, SEAsia and Philippines; migrates toIndonesia and New Guinea.Prefers rather open mountainforest and scrub. Typical nightjarflight, settles on ground or onhorizontal branch in daytime.

Island Swiftlet Aerodramusvanikorensis

Apodidae Common resident; Sulawesi,Moluccas to New Guinea, SWpacific islands; found in lowlandsbelow 900m and forage overgrasslands, forest, fish pondsand mangroves

Glossy Swiflet Collocalia esculenta Apodidae Common resident; and fromAndamas, Nicobars, MalayPeninsula, SW Pacific; rangesfrom sea coasts to highmountains

House Swift Apus nipalensis Apodidae Locally common resident; Africato southern China and Taiwan,SE Asia; usually in lowlands andassociated with water.

White-collaredKingfisher

Halcyon chloris Alcedinidae Common; Red Sea east to SEChina, south thru mainland andarchipelagic SE Asia to SouthPacific

Blue-throated Bee-eater

Merops viridis Meropidae Fairly common resident; SEChina, SE Asia; found foraging inopen areas and clearingsadjacent to forest andscrub/cogon fields.

Coppersmith Barbet Megalaimahaemacephala

Capitonidae Common resident; India to SWChina, SE Asia; found in forestedge and forest where it prefersto forage

Philippine PygmyWoodpecker

Dendrocoposmaculatus

Picidae Common endemic; found inforest and mixed cultivation up to2500m

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Hirundinidae Common migrant; breeds in NAmerica, Africa and Eurasia,winters in S America, India, SEAsia to Australia; forages fromopen country, wetlands toforested mountain.

Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica Hirundinidae Common resident; India, SE Asiato Australia and SW Pacific

Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike

Coracina striata Campephagidae Common resident; Andamans,SE Asia, Sumatra,Borneo andPhils.; flies over clearings andbetween canopy ridges of forestand second growth, up to around2000m

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Pied Triller Lalage nigra Campephagidae Common resident; Commonthroughout the Philippines;usually in lowlands up to 1400mbut never in true forest

Ashy Minivet Pericrocotusdivaricatus

Campephagidae Uncommon migrant; breeds in SSiberia, E China and Japan,winters in Taiwan, SE Asia;crowns of forest edge andsecond growth

Yellow-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier Pycnonotidae Common resident; SE Asia;found in gardens, cultivatedareas, scrub, early secondgrowth, but never in virgin forest.

Philippine Bulbul Hypsipetesphilippinus

Pycnonotidae Common endemic; found inforest and forest edge up to2000m

Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis Oriolidae Common resident; India east toNE Asia, archipelagic SE Asia;common in forest edge, secondgrowth, scrub, cultivated areasand gardens

Large-billed Crow Corvusmacrorhynchos

Corvidae Common resident; Iran to NEAsia, China, Taiwan, SE Asia;frequents forest edge to opencountry, coconut plantations andedges of towns

Elegant Tit Parus elegans Paridae Common endemic; found in allforest types at all elevations

White-browed Shama Copsychusluzoniensis

Turdidae Common endemic; difficult to seein forest undergrowth close to theground, usually below 1000m insecond growth and primaryforest

Golden-belliedFlyeater

Gerygonesulphurea

Sylviidae Locally common resident; MalayPeninsula, Sumatra, Java,Lesser Sundas, Sulawesi,Borneo and Phils.; found in treesin open country, residentialareas, second growth andmangroves

Arctic Warbler Phylloscopusborealis

Sylviidae Common migrant; NE Eurasiaand Alaska, winters in SE China,SE Asia; usually found inunderstory of forest, forest edgeand second growth

Tawny Grassbird Megalurus palustris Sylviidae Common resident; LesserSundas to New Guinea andAustralia, Moluccas, Sulawesiand Philippines; found ingrasslands, ricefields, marshyareas and open country at anyaltitude

Grey-backedTailorbird

Orthotomusderbianus

Sylviidae Common endemic; found inunderstory of forest, forest edgeand second growth

Grey-streakedFlycatcher

Muscicapagriseisticta

Muscicapidae Common migrant; breeds in NEAsia, migrates in China, Japan,

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New Guinea, Moluccas,Sulawesi, Borneo and Phils;found in tops of trees in forest,forest edge, second growth andopen areas

Mangrove BlueFlycatcher

Cyornis rufigastra Muscicapidae Common resident; MalayPeninsula, Sumatra, Java,Sulawesi,Borneo and Phils;prefers understory of openscrubby country, disturbed forest,forest edge and second growth

Blue-headed Fantail Rhipidura cyaniceps Muscicapidae Comm on e n dem i c ; found inthe understory up to 15m fromthe ground in all forest types

Black-naped Monarch Hypothymis azurea Muscicapidae Common resident; India to SEChina, Taiwan, SE Asia; found indisturbed forest, forest edge, andsecond growth in all stories

White-breastedWood-Swallow

Artamusleucorynchus

Artamidae Common resident; Sumatra,Java, Lesser Sundas to NewGuinea, Australia and SWPacific; found in forest edge,clearings, open and cultivatedareas up to 1800m

Long-tailed Shrike Lanius Shach Laniidae Common resident; Iran to India,China, Taiwan, SE Asia to NewGuinea; found in open countryand scrub, in drier areas, at allelevations.

Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus Laniidae Common migrant; breeds in NEAsia, winters to India, SE China,SE Asia to New Guinea; found inall habitats

Olive-backed Sunbird Cinnyris jugularis Nectrarinidae Common resident; SE Asia toNew Guinea, Australia, and SWPacific; found in second growth,coconut plantations, scrub,mangroves and gardens usuallybelow 1000m

Red-keeledFlowerpecker

Dicaeum australe Dicaeidae Common endemic; preferscanopy of forest, forest edge,second growth, and shrubs inopen country

Lowland White-eye Zosterops meyeni Zosteropidae Common endemic; confined inlowlands in forest, forest edge,scrub, scrub, garden, andcultivated areas

Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchurapunctulata

Estrildidae Common resident; India andNepal to SW China, Taiwan, SEAsia; found in ricefields,grasslands, and open country

Philippine SerpentEagle

Spilornis holospilus Accipitridae Common resident; India to SEChina,Taiwan, Ryukyus, SE Asiato Sumatra; soars above forestand forest edge

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Plates 3-3 to 3-6 are some of the photos of birds taken from La Mesa Park.

Plate 3-3. Little heron Plate 3-4 Philippine serpent eagle

a b

Plate 3-5. White eared brown dove Plate 3-6. (a) White Collared king fisher; (b) Philippine pygmyWoodpecker

(photos by Orlee Ninon: http://www.pbase.com/liquidstone/image

3.2.2 Vegetation Along the Distribution Network

Metro Manila is a heavily built-up and densely populated urban metropolis. The network of primary,secondary and tertiary lines will be underlying the city roads and ROW within the concession area ofMWSI. Typical of an urban environment, vegetation is concentrated in parks and some pocketgardens along highways and roads. Similarly, wildlife is found secluded in zoos or mini-wildlifesanctuaries inside city parks.

Vegetation along the pipeline network is composed of trees lined along major thoroughfares as part ofurban landscaping (Plates 3-7). Along ROW of the primary lines that stretches in the NorthernBusiness Center, vegetation ranged from bamboos, tree shades, patches of banana, shrubs andgrasses. Plates 3-8 to 3-11 show the typical vegetation along the route of the pipeline network.

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http://www.pbase.com/liquidstone/image

Plates

Plate 3-7. Acacia trees lined along the Coastal Road Express Way and the Daang Hari Road in the South BusinessArea are common urban landscaping plant species.

Plate 3-8. Vegetation along the ROW includes coconuts and bamboo.

Plate 3-9. Portions of the ROW in North Fairview, Quezon City are planted with bananas and cassava, others convertedto backyard gardens.

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Plate 3-10. Lush shrubs and small trees are found along portions of the ROW that is not yet inhabited by informalsettlers (left photo), while some portions are cleared and erected with shanties (Right photo).

Plate 3-11. Vegetation at the South Business Area is very limited. Single shade trees are seen along the proposedroute of the primary line in Muntinlupa.

3.2.3 Flora and Fauna in the Proposed Reservoir in New Bilibid Prison Compound,Muntinlupa

The proposed location of the reservoir has a gently rolling terrain covered with talahib (Plates 3-12and 3-13). The two-hectare property is bounded by a concrete road to the southwest and by theBCGS Magnetic Observatory of NAMRIA in the northeast. A creek is found about 150m southeastfrom the property boundary.

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Plate 3-12.The proposed location has a gently rolling terrain. Vegetation is mostly talahib and patches of smallshrubs.

Plate 3-13. The concrete road delineating the southeast boundary of the proposed property. Talahib are being plantedin the vicinity of the proposed site and used as raw material for handicrafts.

A total of 15 avian fauna were recorded in the New Bilibid Prison area from the Birdwatch website(http\\:www.BirdWatch.ph). Most of them are common to fairly common and are typical of parang-grassland vegetation, which is the dominant vegetation in the area. Table 3-15 list the species of birdsrecorded in the area, their ecological status and distribution.

Table 3-15. List of bird species recorded in the vicinity of the New Bilibid Prison

Common Name Scientific Name Family EcologicalStatus/Distribution

Pied Triller Lalage thriller Campephagidae Common resident;Nicobars, MalayPeninsula, Sumatra,Java, Sulawesi, Borneoand Phils; found ingardens, open areas,mangroves and scrub,never in true forest

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Common Name Scientific Name Family EcologicalStatus/Distribution

Bright-capped Cisticola Cristocola exilis Sylviidae Common resident;India to S China,Taiwan, SE Asia(except MalayPeninsula), Sumatra,Java, Lesser Sundas toNew Guinea andAustralia and SWPacific; common indrier upland grassyareas and fields, mayalso be found inricefields

Lowland White-eye Zosterops meyeni Zosteropidae Common endemic;confined to thelowlands in forest,forest edge, scrub,gardens and cultivatedareas

Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis Cuculidae Common resident;India to S China,Taiwan, S through SEAsia; found ingrassland and opencountry, almost neverin forest and evenforest edge

Pied Fantail Rhipidura javanica Muscicapidae Common resident;Malay Peninsula,Sumatra, Java, Borneoand Phils; found inparks, residentialareas, early secondgrowth, bamboothickets andmangroves.

Yellow-Vented Bulbul Pcynonotus goiavier Pycnonotidae Common resident; SEAsia, Sumatra, Java,Sulawesi, Borneo andPhils.; found ingardens, cultivatedareas, scrub, earlysecond growth, butnever in virgin forest

Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach Laniidae Common resident; Iranto India, China, Taiwan,SE Asia to NewGuinea; in opencountry and scrub

Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus Ploceidae Common resident;Eurasia, China,Taiwan, Ryukyus, SEAsia, Sumatra andJava; found in

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Common Name Scientific Name Family EcologicalStatus/Distributionassociation with humanin cities, towns andcultivated areas

Zebra Dove Geopelia striata Columbidae Common resident; SEAsia to Australia; seenon the ground, in opencountry, cultivatedareas, and grounds

Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopos maculatus Picidae Common endemic;found in forest andmixed cultivation up to2500m

Striated Grassbird Megalus palustris Sylviidae Common resident;India to S China, SEAsia; found ingrasslands, ricefields,marshy areas and opencountry at any altitude

Black-crowned NightHeron

Nycticorax nycticorax Ardeidae Uncommon migrant;worldwide, except forpart of S America andfrom Moluccas throughnew Guinea toAustralia and NZ;roosts in trees nearwater during the dayand flies in variety ofwetlands at twilight

Pygmy Flowerpecker Dicaeum pygmaeum Dicaeidae Common endemic;found in forest andforest edge, andsecond growth, infruiting and floweringtrees

Lemon-throated LeafWarbler

Phylloscopus cubuensis Sylviidae Common endemic;found in forest andforest edge fromlowlands to 1800m

Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis Turdidae Uncommon resident;Pakistan, India to SChina, SE Asia; foundin all levels of secondgrowth forest,cultivated areas, scruband bamboo thickets

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3.3 Socio-cultural, Economic and Political Environment

3.3.1 Political/Institutional Set-Up

The socio-economic and political environment consists of a complex mix of conditions typical of highlyurbanized areas with various tiers of government. There are general-purpose authorities like the cityand municipal governments. There are also more specialized bodies like the Metropolitan ManilaDevelopment Authority (MMDA) and the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA), whosemandates are more limited in scope. The Project encompasses not only the majority of the westernsection of Metro Manila but also includes the northern parts of Cavite Province. The Project has todeal with 11 cities and their constituent barangays in Metro Manila, apart from the MMDA itself, andfive towns and one city and their corresponding barangays in Cavite, not to mention the provincialgovernment. On top of these are the subdivision owners and developers, homeowners’ associationsof gated neighborhoods and neighborhood associations of urban poor and other communities. Thereare also local organizations of claimants to lands whose ownership is being disputed. Findingsgathered from the Consultant’s fieldwork point to the existence of professional squatting syndicates orsuch similar organizations that are claiming land, adjacent to or on which, the pipelines or facilities areenvisioned to traverse or to be located, such as in the proposed Muntinlupa Reservoir. The web ofadministrative, political, local official and non-official institutions inevitably has implications on thepolitical risks the Project has to manage and will have to reckon with.

3.3.2 Land Use

Each local jurisdiction has its own land-use plan. Close to half (48%) of lands in the West Zoneconcession is utilized for residential purposes. Water supply services focus on the residential andindustrial lands comprising 56% of total land area. Land-use data for the concession area are basedon planning documents of the various localities.1 Land-use includes six categories and comprises thefollowing:

Table 3-16. Land use Categories within the MWSI Concession Area

Land Use Categories % Area Coverage1. Residential 482. Commercial 83. Industrial 104. Institutional 55. Open Spaces 166. Others 13Total 100

The above land-uses encompass approximately 63,839 ha. It is projected that the pace of expansionof residential lands will not be as significant as lands for commercial and industrial use. This scenariowas considered in projecting for future water demand in MWSI’s service areas. A general observationof land-use plans, not only in Metro Manila but also elsewhere in the Philippines, is the absence ofexplicit provisions restricting any development on right-of-way (ROW) spaces other than what theseare intended for. This observation is all the more true when it comes to enforcing rights of holders ofROW spaces. In the case of the Project, for example, it was discovered that ROW spaces of MWSSinfrastructure, particularly pipelines, partake of the character of private property, since these (ROWspaces) are titled to MWSS. Continued occupation and encroachment over the years, in not a fewinstances in the last 20 years, by semi-permanent and permanent structures has raised theexpectations of occupants to think that their intrusion and occupation have taken the character of

1 Mainly Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) and Socio-Economic Profiles; these documents, however have various baseyears ranging from 1999 to 2004.

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legitimacy or at least condonation. Any move to clear ROW spaces partially or wholly would involveappropriate compensation and/or relocation. No permanent change in land-use or streetscapes isenvisioned in the project sites; any change, for example, in connection with diggings that would marstreetscapes will be temporary. The original features of the streetscape will, at the very least, berestored or even enhanced.

3.3.3 Population/Informal Settlements

Population in the concession area continues to grow at varying rates for each city/municipalityexpanding to the northern and southern fringes. Demographic data pertaining to 1995 – 2000 tend toconfirm the view that growth in the traditionally dense localities of Manila, Makati, Pasay, Malabon andMuntinlupa appears to have peaked, while those (e.g., Paranaque and Valenzuela respectively in thesouth and the north, and the Cavite municipalities/city) at the edge remains positive, largely becauseof migration from within and outside the metropolis. In 20 years, population in the concession area isenvisioned to expand to 9.5 million from a base of 7.8 million. The type of migrants will haveimplications on the milieu of potential consumers MWSI would have to deal with. Data from theConsultant’s fieldwork suggest that “informal settlements”, as in the case of the Tala area, arerelatively new, some as recent as 20 or less years. Migrants from the provinces who through the yearshave raised families and invested on and built dwelling units of semi-permanent and permanentmaterials inhabit these settlements. Because the lands of these settlements are being claimed orcontested, there is an apprehension to provide poor communities with more permanent infrastructurelike water pipelines.

3.3.4 Socio-economic Milieu/Service Levels

The socio-economic milieu of the service area features a range of income classes. Data from a surveyconducted for the feasibility study of the Water Supply Services Recovery Project in 2004 covering theconcession area indicate that those in the middle income category ranges from 29% to 55% of thelocal (city or town) population; low-income, 5% to 24%; and blighted, 0-10%. In combination, the low-income and blighted could easily constitute 6% to 33% depending on the municipality/city. Those inthe high-income category comprise 14% to 57%. (Table 3-17). The data from the same study alsosuggest that areas that are generally low income and blighted tend to be the same ones where servicelevels are poor as exhibited by sections of Quezon City, Caloocan, Malabon and much of Manila.2

These poor levels of service are starkly manifested in such instances as short water rationing hours,long queues at public faucets, and, more pervasively, the high cost of purchasing water from truckdeliveries as compared to subscribing to MWSI. In some gated communities, the pumping cost isadded to the cost of water. The feasibility study, for example, cites that:

• One-half of the service area’s 8 million population receives unsatisfactory service• One-fourth of the 8 million are not connected to the MWSI system• An estimated 3 million inhabitants do not get 24-hour water service; and• Low pressures (less than 7psi, considered unacceptable) afflict about 3 million

That these poor service levels mostly occur in low income and blighted communities exacerbates thepoverty that families have to contend with daily. A comparison of MWSI water rates with expenses onwater purchased from vendors show the potential savings that could result if families are subscribed tothe former. Such savings would allow families to divert money to other pressing needs and therebyimprove their quality of life.

2 Feasibility Study: Water Supply Services Recovery Project (Development Support for MWSS Financial Rehabilitation)

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Table 3-17. Income Categories of Served Population

Income Category (%) Projected Served Population 2004MunicipalityHigh Middle Low Blighted Total High Middle Low Blighted Total

Manila 36 47 14 3 100 524,032 683,536 185,617 48,670 1,441,856Quezon City

45 45 9 1 100 581,888 586,590 121,382 10,271 1,300,131Makati 57 37 6 0 100 32,878 21,483 3,249 277 57,887Pasay 37 52 10 1 100 137,786 193,586 33,878 4,331 369,581Caloocan 24 55 17 4 100 181,533 413,348 129,583 28,897 753,360Las Pinas 52 42 5 1 100 93,821 74,320 9,722 930 178,794Malabon 15 55 24 6 100 54,057 195,437 83,560 20,115 353,169Muntinglupa 32 49 14 5 100 56,206 87,034 24,421 8,295 175,956Navotas 14 52 23 10 100 25,931 94,172 41,601 17,752 179,455Paranaque 37 54 9 0 100 179,308 263,279 45,660 0 488,247Valenzuela 26 55 17 2 100 94,805 201,324 66,847 5,665 368,640Cavite City 52 29 14 4 100 52,670 29,633 14,431 3,747 100,482Bacoor 28 55 16 1 100 28,755 55,323 15,394 1,513 100,985Imus 52 29 15 4 100 11,522 6,483 3,157 820 21,982Kawit 52 29 15 4 100 29,066 16,353 7,964 2,068 55,450Noveleta 52 29 15 4 100 6,837 3,846 1,873 486 13,042Rosario 52 29 15 4 100 12,354 6,951 3,385 879 23,569Source: Feasibility Study: Water Supply Services Recovery Project,2006

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4.0 Environmental PerformanceThis section summarizes the performance of MWSI in terms of its environmental compliance as wellas other corporate activities that promote social responsiveness.

4.1 Environmental Compliance4.1.1 ECC/CNC Applications

The MWSI is committed to comply with all government regulations and requirements. A number ofECCs and CNCs were issued to MWSI for various projects namely NRW Reduction CAPEX ProgramProject, Pipe Replacement and Decommissioning Projects, Pipelaying, Pipe Rerouting andInterconnection Projects, among others (Table 4-1).

MWSI has religiously complied with the conditions of its ECCs and CNCs. It has not been issued bythe DENR any warnings or notices of violations, nor received any public complaints on non-compliance to its ECCs/CNCs.

Table 4-1. Some of MWSI projects that were issued an ECC and CNC

Title/Name of Project Type ofClearance/Certificate

Date Issued Status

Pipe Replacement in Cavite City ECC 24 Jan 2001 DeferredAPS-4 (Sacred Heart Pump Station) CNC 01 Feb 2001 No NTP usedNRW Projects at Lower Caloocan ECC 22 Mar 2001 DeferredDS 5A and DS 5B ECC 22 Mar 2001 CompletedPayatas Project CNC 08 Jan 2002 CompletedNC-05 COP 005-01 CNC 24 Jan 2002 CompletedRaising an existing Steel Pipe at PoloBridge, Valenzuela

CNC 01 February2002

Completed

Rehabilitation and upgrading of DagatPumping Station and SewageTreatment Plant

CNC 01 February2002

Completed

Cross Border Project ECC 09 April 2002 CompletedPipe Closure Project CNC 13 August 2002 CompletedBusiness Area Boundary Points CNC 13 August 2002 CompletedValve Insertion Project CNC 08 Oct 2002 CompletedPipelaying in Mapayapa Village andPipe Interconnection, CommonwealthAvenue

CNC 22 Oct 2002 Completed

Lower Caloocan Pipelaying WorksProject

CNC 19 Feb 2003 Completed

Pipelaying and interconnection Projectalong Santolan De Guzman and Brgy.Parada, Valenzuela

CNC 03 Mar 2003 Completed

Decommissioning of old andunserviceable Pipeline


Pipe Replacement andDecommissioning Project along SauyoRd. Bagbag QC


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Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanJ:\51054406\01_Administration\007_Reports\EPRMP\Rev 0\WorldBank Copy\4.0 EnvironmentalPerformance.docRevision 0 October 2006 Page 4-1

NRW Reduction CAPEX Program CNC 06 March 2003 CompletedLower Caloocan Pipelaying Works CNC 19 Mar 2003 CompletedPipe Interconnection Project alongEDSA cor Roosevelt Ave.

CNC 13 August 2003 Completed

Various looping/interconnection Projectin Lower Caloocan

CNC 02 October2003

Completed

Water Supply Improvement andExpansion Project at Silverio andBuensuceso Homes

CNC 22 Oct 2003 Completed

4.1.2 Environmental Monitoring Activities

MWSI conducts regular monitoring of water quality at the water supply sources, water treatment facilityand at the distribution network. At the water supply sources, monitoring is conducted at the AngatDam, Ipo Basin and Bicti. Samples are usually taken during the dry season (March and May) andrainy season (August –October), but more frequent sampling is conducted when water variability ishigh. In areas where groundwater is used, water sampling is also conducted. Sampling is done beforechlorination is conducted.

Sampling at the water treatment facility is conducted daily at the raw water inlet and at the clean wateroutlet of each treatment plant. The data are assessed using the prescribed criteria for Class A water.The water complies with the said criteria as shown by the latest data (Annex 4-1).

Water at the distribution network is also monitored for its compliance to the PNSDW (PhilippineNational Standards for Drinking Water). There are 700 monitoring stations scattered all over theconcession area, usually located at public places such as schools, health centers, hospitals, barangayhalls and local government offices. The water samples are taken at the customer’s service line tappedto at least 100mm diameter line. Sampling is a monthly multi-sectoral activity enjoined by the LocalGovernment Units/Department of Health, Representative of MWSS-RO and MWSI. The latest dataindicate that the PNSDW are complied with.

The discharge points of the two water treatment plants are also monitored to comply with DAO 90-35while the La Mesa Creek and the Tullahan river, which are the immediate water body receptors to theplant, are also surveyed for their compliance to DAO 90-34. Frequency of water sampling is weekly.For the period covered by the presented data, the analytical results showed exceedances to theEffluent Standards. These exceedances are pronounced in LP2 where elevated TSS and COD levelswere consistently recorded. BOD and oil/grease levels also exceed standards in most of themonitoring periods. The oil/grease possibly were incorporated with the sludge during transport fromthe clarifiers to the sludge chamber. The concentration of coliform in the discharge of both plants arevery low and do not exceed the maximum allowable limit. The samples from the La Mesa Creekregistered levels that clearly reflected the quality of the discharge water from LP2. Using stationLMC1 (La Mesa Creek, upstream of the LP2 discharge point) as a control, it was shown that thedischarge significantly affected the TSS, COD and oil/grease levels in the creek. This scenario will bestopped only if the sludge generated from the plant operation is contained. Other than siltation in thecreek due to high TSS in discharges from the plants, there are no other perceived significant effects tothe surface water as the wastewater is expected to contain only sediments. With either fullcontainment of the sludge and/or discharge of adequately treated overflows, the elevated levels areexpected to be significantly decreased and meet the prescribed criteria.

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4.2 MWSI Corporate Social Responsibility

The major corporate social responsibility (CSR) program of MWSI is extending water services to poorcommunities, which include the following:

4.2.1 The Bayan Tubig Program

The Bayan Tubig Program which was instituted in 1999 aimed at providing affordable potable water tolow income and depressed communities. Residents in these areas used to get their water fromcommunal faucets or from water vendors while paying excessively high rates. Some even resort toillegal tapping to the MWSI pipelines. Through this Bayan Tubig scheme, households were given asteady water supply at a strong pressure in their respective homes with their own water meters. Theprogram was designed to be affordable and offers easy terms. Under the program, the usualrequirements such as the presentation of property rights, land titles, and transfer certificates arewaived. Customers can apply for a service connection by paying a minimum installation cost whichwas made even more affordable through installment at 6 to 12 months. Applications are processedon site through a Maynilad Water Representative. Aside from making water affordable, the BayanTubig program discourages illegal connections by making the users of Maynilad Water users aslegitimate customers. Illegal connections result in water waste due to water leaks and can promotecontamination due to seepage whenever water pressure is low.

As of July 2005, almost 800,000 people have benefited from the project (Plate 4-1).

Plate 4-1. The Bayan Tubig Program delivers safe and affordable water to blighted communities thru individual WaterService Connections.

Aside from providing water to these communities, enhancement programs spring from the BayanTubig project, which include:

• Bayan microfinance to provide livelihood projects( i.e., Appliance repair shop, bakery shop,eatery etc.);

• Kolekta para sa Bayan Tubig – delivery of bills and collection which provide 100% collectionefficiency

• Botica ng Bayan- provides affordable medical and health products

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4.2.2 Bayan Tubig Bayanihan / “Patubig ni Gloria” Project

The Bayan Tubig Bayanihan/”Patubig ni Gloria” Project started in 1999. This program is a jointundertaking of MWSS, MMDA, PAGCOR, MWSI and MWC with the same objectives as Bayan Tubig.Initiated in late 2004, the project is envisioned to benefit 4,000 households in 300 communities. Theproject involves community equity in the form of labor with MWSI providing the pipes and equipmentand construction supervision. Water bills of beneficiary households have been reduced while alsoaddressing the problem of NRW.

The project provided individual household service connection for the delivery of safe and affordablewater in urban poor communities, particularly the following:

• Malabon: Paradise Village Phases I and II in Tonsuya, Concepcion, Catmon, Daang Bakal,Melon, Chesa, Duhat and Sitio Rosal;

• Novaliches: Tarhataville, Sauyo, Campo II, Pamana, Sitio Mabuhay, Mayana Compound andBagong Tuklas;

• Sampaloc: Quintina Extension;• Tondo: Samatima, Parola Compound, Happyland;• Quezon City: Veterans’ Village, and Dona Juana Village

4.2.3 Tondo Foreshore F-1 Zone Pilot Project

The Tondo Foreshore F-1 Zone Pilot Project involves 11 barangays (Barangays 96 to 106) in Tondobenefitting approximately 6,500 households comprising 46,000 residents. The water delivery system inTondo was improved. Old, leaky pipes, meters, valves, service connections and other facilities datingas far back as the early 1980s were replaced and upgraded. The project applied an innovativescheme: instead of digging deep trenches, pipes were laid and embedded in cement at almost groundlevel virtually making these part of the sidewalk or gutter. These temporary facilities (“tempfacil”) werequickly installed and did not hamper too much pedestrian or vehicular traffic. This project waseventually replicated to cover the entire Tondo and also other areas of the West Zone therebyproviding clean, affordable and reliable water supply. The approach of the project was found to beresponsive to areas with old waterwork system and in light with the limited capital expenditure budgetof MWSI. The Tondo Foreshore F-1 Zone Pilot Project was initiated in December 2004.

The above programs will be replicated in other areas as continuing corporate social responsibilityinitiatives.

4.3 Best Safety Practices

Maynilad Water is committed to excellence and leadership in the protection of the environment and inthe promotion of health and safety in the workplace. Its safety code is anchored on the following:

• Recognition of safety as one of the highest corporate priorities;• Adoption of safety performance as an integral part of business management;• Incorporation of all safety consideration at the earliest stages of any project development;• Demonstration of responsible corporate citizenship by adhering to all safety regulations and

laws and anticipation of charges thereof; and• Assurance that all its operations comply with established international guidelines and

requirements on safety.

Their safety program includes the development of standards/protocols in the workplace, foremostconsideration of project, site and traffic safety, strict imposition of penalties on violators and conduct of

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trainings and seminars for contractors. Plates 4-2 to 4-4 show Maynilad Water and its contractorsduring the conduct of their work and how they integrate safety in the performance of their duties.

Plate 4-2. Proper signages and wearing of PPE’s are observed during cutting/breaking and pipe laying works.

Plate 4-3. Traffic Management (left photo) and safety patrol team doing monitoring of ongoing works.

Plate 4-4. Use of appropriate gear in doing works under confined space works (reservoir and tunnels)

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Plate 4-5. Trainings and seminars given to employees and subcontractors include Safety Orientation, BasicOccupational Safety & Health Training and proper use of PPE’s, among others.

To further encourage both employees and contractors to observe safety at all times Mayniladsponsors the MWSI GAWAD KALIGTASAN AT KALUSUGAN Award (Plate 4-6). The GKK Award isin recognition to outstanding achievements by Operating Units, Projects, or Individuals in promotingsafety and health of workers and the workplace.

Plate 4-6. The MWSI Gawad Kalikasan at Kalusugan Award

4.4 EMS 14001 Certification

As an environmental performance initiative, Maynilad Water has newly accredited two of its facilitiesnamely the Operations and Maintenance Department of Water Treatment Plants in La Mesa to ISO9001 and the Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Facility to ISO 9001 and 14001 (Plate

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4-7). This series of international standards provides a framework for the development of anenvironmental management system and the supporting audit programme.

The Operations and Maintenance Department of the Water Treatment Plants was audited on 26 and27 September 2006 while the Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant was audited on29 September 2006 by TUV Sud and received its ISO certification on 17 October 2006 for bothfacilities. With this certification is the commitment for continual improvement of the facilities’ operationin accordance with the established Environmental Management System (EMS).

Plate 4-7. The ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certificates issued by TUV SUD to two of MWSI’ facilities

4.5 Awards Received

Maynilad Water has gone beyond the business of providing water services, by extending its corporatesocial responsibility into quality environmental performance, among others. The awards received byMaynilad Water include:

• Award for Public Responsibility: The “Asset from Waste” Project

The “Asset from Waste” Project which involve the conversion of septage and biosolids into cheaperalternative fertilizers met environmental safeguards and regulations requirements. The alternativefertilizer was applied in lahar areas in Pampanga and Tarlac. This earned the Lopez AchievementAward on 6 March 2006,

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• The Lopez Achievement Award for Bayan Tubig Project

Awarded in February 2003, the project improved the quality of life of urban poor communities throughprovision of water. This project addressed corporate concerns such as expansion of servicecoverage, environmental protection, public health, safety and illegal connections.

• The President's Award for Environment, Safety and Health Management Assessment andRating System (MARS) 2B.

This award highlights the commitment of Maynilad to preserve environmental programs which areaimed not only in maintaining its current compliance on all statutory requirements and industrystandards on all ESH concerns but also in achieving continuous improvement on its overall corporateESH performance. This award was given on 15 August 2003.

4.6 Performance Indicators

From the 4.3 M population served in 1997, Maynilad Water currently provides water services for 6Mthereby increasing its coverage from 66% to 86%. Table 4-2 summarizes the service performance ofMaynilad Water from 1997 to 2005.

Table 4-2. Performance Indicators

SERVICE INDICATOR 1997 2005Population Served (Millions) 4.3 6.0Water Coverage 66% 86%Water Availability (hours) 18Water Pressure (psi) 7Number of water serviceconnections

449,431 624, 299

Annual Average WaterProduction (MLD)

1,900 2168

Sewer Connection 14% (67,696 connections)

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5.0 Description of Impacts and Mitigating Measures5.1 Rehabilitation of the Water Treatment Plants in La Mesa

5.1.1 Pre-construction/Construction Phase

Vegetation and Wildlife

ImpactThe impact to the site’s biodiversity will be minimal because most of the plants within the lagoon areaare common (ipil-ipil, acacia) and resilient (grasses). Vegetation is also sparse, thus, clearing will notresult to significant reduction of carbon sink or carbon sequestration.

Wildlife species (soil-inhabiting and plant dependent) may also be temporarily disturbed. However, thewildlife species normally seek shelter in nearby vegetation.

MitigationVegetative clearing will be limited to the lagoons. Existing access roads will be used as much aspossible. Vegetation buffer will be maintained around the work site for disturbed wildlife.

Water Quality and Sedimentation

ImpactExcavation/dredging of sludge may result to an increase in suspended sediments draining to La Mesaand further to Tullahan River.

MitigationDrainage canals will be provided to facilitate proper runoff flow. Dredged soil will be compacted priorto transport to prevent dust escape.

ImpactUsed oils or fuel, as well as oils from washings of machinery and heavy equipment may beaccidentally spilled in the soils and may be carried by run-off to La Mesa Creek, further increasing thebackground oil/grease levels in the creek.

MitigationUsed oil will be stored in properly labelled drums prior to the collection of a designated contractor forwaste oil disposal. Temporary motorpools will also be bunded to contain accidental oil leaks.

Use of dredged sludgeThe sludge lagoons cover a cumulative area of 5 hectares with an average depth of 4 meters. Theaccumulated sludge is approximately 2,000 m3.

ImpactShould the dredged sludge be applied to lahar areas (e.g. to increase the water-holding capacity ofthe soils [as recommended in the feasibility study]), there is a possibility that the alum in the sludgemay pose a risk to the soils and water quality (groundwater and surface water).

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Environmental Performance Report and Management PlanJ:\51054406\01_Administration\007_Reports\EPRMP\Rev 0\WorldBank Copy\5.0 Description of Impactsand Mitigations.docRevision 0 October 2006 Page 5-1

MitigationAny intention to use the dredged sludge in agricultural areas will be preceded by a feasibility studybased on the results of sludge geochemical analyses to determine the compatibility and environmentalsafety of the option to the soils, plants and both groundwater and surface waters.

ImpactShould the sludge be used as backfill material in quarries and/or land development projects or asadmixture in cements or concrete, presence of significant amount of expanding clays in the sludgemay cause differential settling when loaded. Stability of the foundation will be compromised as thedifferential settling may lead to structural collapse.

MitigationA thorough examination of the physical and chemical properties of the sludge will be conducted todetermine its appropriate usage. If expanding clay species are present in considerable amount, thesludge will not be used as foundation materials.

Air Quality and NoiseImpactEmissions from haul trucks, backhoes and bulldozers increase SO2 and NOx levels. The increasedtraffic caused by the haul trucks may also generate TSP during their travel to and from La Mesa.Noise generated by the activity of the equipment may disturb some wildlife and cause nuisance tovisitors of La Mesa Ecopark.

MitigationSub-contractors will be required to undergo and pass the government emission tests prior to contractaward.

Traffic management guidelines will be posted along transport routes and around work areas,particularly those near Ecopark active sites for ecotours. Guidelines will include control in vehiclespeed and spraying of road routes and work sites as necessary to keep dust emissions to withinacceptable levels. Vegetation in the area will also be maintained to serve as buffer for noise and forwindblown particles.

Water Supply/Socioeconomics

ImpactThe proposed improvement in the operation of the clarifiers and filters of LP1 will involve removal ofexisting components and installation of new ones. This activity will inevitably cause serviceinterruption. The rehabilitation in LP2 is focused on the filter media and on the automation of controlsand will likewise entails disruption of the operation as the new filter components are emplaced.Activating and testing of the newly installed system may also require additional non-operational time.

MitigationIf practical, rehabilitation of the clarifier and filter systems will not be conducted simultaneously toavoid total disruption of the water treatment process. Timely and proper information dissemination ofthe upcoming repair works will enable the affected communities to prepare for the water supplyinterruption. Planning for the timing of program implementation will also consider the social factorsaffecting water demand (i.e. school breaks, rush hour). Activities will be properly coordinated with theLGUs to prepare and provide for adequate logistical support to MWSI in the rationing of alternativewater supply during long disruptions.

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Occupational health and safety

ImpactBackhoes and bulldozers will be used to excavate the sludge face the risk of sinking andsubmergence in unstable portions of the lagoons. Since 1982, the lagoons had never been desilted.Incomplete information on the sludge lagoons’ stability, sludge depth and composition may expose theworkers and their heavy equipment to both physical and chemical risks.

MitigationPrior to any excavation the stability of the lagoon as well as the composition and depth of the sludgewill be assessed to determine the appropriate de-sludging and sludge disposal methods to be used.Corresponding safety measures will be put in place and personal protective equipment will beprovided.

5.1.2 Operational Phase


ImpactThe operation of the newly de-sludged lagoons in LP1 and the new sludge lagoon for LP2 has asignificantly positive impact in terms of water quality and sedimentation. The de-sludged lagoons willbe instrumental in decreasing the suspended solids that are released to the la Mesa Creek andconsequently lessen the contribution to siltation of Tullahan River.

EnhancementThis positive impact will be sustained by installing a lagoon management system as well as sludgereduction system. One recommendation is the sequential filling up of the compartments to allowoptimum drying of sludge. Other recommendations include:

• providing a sludge drying bed where the clarifier sludge can be piped and dried• reduce sludge volume by reducing the supernatant through efficient water recovery during

filter and clarifier cleaning• making separate provisions for the recovery of filter backwash and from the clarifier

Generation of Wastewater

ImpactThe rehabilitation may increase water production from 2,400 MLD to 2,790 MLD. Assuming 80% ofthe water production would translate into wastewater, about 1,920 ML to 2,320ML wastewater may begenerated everyday that need to treated.

MitigationMWSI is committed to provide sewer system to its concession area. Currently, they have the Dagat-dagatan Septage and Sewerage Treatment Facilities that has a capacity of 2 x 250cum/day. Othersewerage systems are under their pipeline projects.

Socio-economics

ImpactsThe increase in water production will provide a longer supply window.

EnhancementConduct of IEC on household water management and conservation.

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5.2 Rehabilitation of the Distribution System and Pumping Stations5.2.1 Pre-construction Phase

Social Preparation

Impacts

The major pre-construction impact pertains to the apprehensions of local and official stakeholdersabout the inconvenience construction activities would cause the public (road users, residents andbusiness establishments) when the pipelines are laid. Such a situation engenders a feeling ofuncertainty about the future and could put plans and impending projects of local governments on holdas was expressed in the Official Stakeholders’ Forum. Local businessmen especially those with street-level storefront establishments may be discouraged to make medium to long term plans andinvestments because fears of disruption of their business operations because of street diggings. Whilebasically perceptual, fears and apprehensions could be expressed in very concrete behavioralattitudes such as opposition and even possible hostility to the project. The source of this hostility couldlikely stem from owners of structures who perceive that they might be displaced from the ROW spacesthey occupy. These potentially hostile parties could include a broad spectrum of building owners,homeowners, urban poor residents, subdivision owners and developers, businessmen, and theirpolitical allies in local government and non-governmental organizations.

Mitigation

MWSI will undertake an intensive, deliberate and stakeholder-focused and community-basedinformation, education and communication (IEC) campaign to apprise affected parties of the features,risks and benefits of the Project. Such campaign will be carried out with local authorities andconcerned organizations. A major consideration of the IEC campaign is to acquaint communityresidents of the nature and character of the Project that at least should help them make informedopinions and judgments. The IEC campaign will also lessen the “fear of the unknown” including thefeeling of uncertainty that usually is the source of apprehensions, opposition and hostility.

In addition, appropriate clearances and permits will be secured prior to any diggings. In this way,proper authorities will be informed of the upcoming construction activities. They in turn will likewisenotify their constituency for possible disruption of their everyday routines. The following permits (ifapplicable) will be secured prior to digging:

• Excavation Permit from the DPWH• Traffic Clearance and Excavation Permit from MMDA• Excavation Permit from the Municipal Mayor’s Office

Clearing of Vegetation

ImpactsClearing of vegetation or crops will be inevitable but is limited to the ROW only, since most of thepipes are underlying the city roads.

MitigationThe ROW was designed as such and clearing and diggings are expected to take place. The socialpreparation activities will tackle proper coordination with those who are tending the backyard gardens.Based on the rapid assessment of vegetation along the route of the primary pipelines, plants arecomposed of shrubs, small trees and some vegetable gardens. These are common species and arefound anywhere in the country.

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Solid Wastes

ImpactsPrior to digging activities, possible demolition of existing structures along the ROW will generatedebris.

MitigationProper waste disposal and good housekeeping are provisions under the MWSI EnvironmentalManagement and Safety Code (EMS Code). All of the pipeline rehabilitation component of the projectwill be sub-contracted such that proper orientation to the Contractor’s employees will be a StandardOperating Procedure before any work is carried out. All the provisions in the EMS Code will form partof the subcontractor’s contract. Waste segregation and recycling will be done where scrap materialsmay either be re-used or sold as well.

5.2.2 Construction Phase

During construction, activities will include drilling, clearing and excavations and replacing and layingout of new pipelines, upgrading of pump stations and other facilities.

Water Quality .

ImpactsExcavation works will induce erosion/siltation and may clog waterways. Clogging of waterways mayresult to flooding during rainy season. Excavation can also cause mud pools and localized waterpoundings and flooding.

MitigationMWSI has a sound Construction and Safety Guidelines under their EMS Code. Maintenance andcleanliness in the workplace will be strictly observed. Construction materials whether excavated or notwill be stored properly and prevented from causing to roll, flow or being washed away. Water fromexcavations will be discharged to the nearest gutters and canals. Drainage pipes and canals will beproperly maintained and unclogged during the duration of the construction.

Provision of erosion control measures, when necessary will also be employed.

Oil and Degreasers Spillage

ImpactsSpillage or improper disposal of degreasers and cleaning solutions can impact waterways.

MitigationA central storage/parking for all construction equipment and vehicle will be required from thesubcontractor. This will be located in the most appropriate location in the project area, in such a waythat it does not affect excavation work and traffic flows at the same time containing any spillage duringmaintenance work. A designated area for storage/containment of used and unused oils anddegreasers will be allocated, preferably with proper flooring and ring canal, to prevent soil andwaterway contamination. Used oils will also be dispensed in a controlled manner.

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Construction Wastes/Excavated Soil

Impacts

Diggings would generate excavated soil that can cause dust emission and during dry windy days orcause surrounding areas to be muddy during rainy days. This temporarily affects public health andsafety, water quality of affected waterways and adversely changing the streetscape with unsightlyviews.

MitigationGood housekeeping will be strictly observed. Excavation will also be done by phases. Before anothersection is excavated, the unearthed section will have been properly backfilled. Visual screens will beinstalled where appropriate to lessen the impact of construction activities on streetscapes. Waterspraying will be done when necessary to keep dust emissions low. Excavated soil will also be re-usedas backfill materials. As in the Pre-construction Phase, these measures will form part of theagreement between the contractors and MWSI.

Sewage

ImpactsSewage from construction workers will increase.

Mitigation

Temporary toilets/portalets will be provided for construction workers.

Traffic Congestion

ImpactsExcavation and other construction activities may occupy portions of the road that may lead totemporary road closure and traffic congestion.

MitigationTraffic permit and other related permits will be secured prior to any clearing/excavation works. A trafficManagement Plan will also be prepared with the approval of the local government and otherconcerned agencies. The proposed traffic management plan will be in strict compliance with MMDAOrdinance No.2, Series of 1991 and its implementing rules and guidelines. The Presidential TaskForce on Traffic Improvement and Management Resolution No. 99-01 – Guidelines for Road Worksand Traffic Management in Metro Manila, the Guidelines on Public Safety and recommendation of thePolice Authority will also be incorporated in the Plan. At the minimum, the following provisions will beincorporated in the Traffic Management Plan:

• During excavation work along busy street, a traffic aide shall be manned to maintain the trafficflow;

• Adequate barricades and warning signs shall be placed visibly to vehicles and pedestrians.Steel plates shall be placed on open trenches and these will be lighted at night.

• Plan of re-routing (if necessary) should be approved by the local traffic management orbarangay.. Rerouting of vehicle will be announced with adequate leadtime through print andbroadcast media, and if available, thru cyber media for the public to be able to understand andlearn the rerouting plan.

For busy highways, work will be done during non-rush hours or at night time. As guarantee that theabove mitigation will be observed, these will form part of the agreement between subcontractors andMWSI.

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Handling of Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipes

ImpactsPipelines made of AC are still being used and most of these AC pipelines need replacements as theyare almost 50 years old. Excavation and disposal of these AC pipes pose health hazards.

MitigationNo new AC pipelines will be used in the project. The AC pipelines that will be possibly excavated willbe properly disposed of. Provisions of the DAO 2000-02 which is the Chemical Control Order (CCO)for Asbestos will be strictly observed. The CCO is meant to control and regulate the use and disposalof asbestos into the environment. It provides for the handling requirements, renovation, removal aswell as demolition requirements of asbestos/material containing asbestos. Any disposal will beproperly coordinated with proper authorities.

Occupational Health and Safety

ImpactsThere will be the risk of accidents to workers and pedestrians.

MitigationThe MWSI EMS Code embodies the safety measures in the workplace and strictly implements thisCode to their employees as well as sub-contractors. Provision of personal protective equipment toworkers which include ear mufflers, gloves and other safety apparels is an SOP. Fencing of the workarea, as long as practicable will also be done while informative warning signs, including danger signswill be installed at strategic locations around the construction site.

Air Quality

ImpactsTotal Suspended Particulates (TSP) and noise levels will increase in the construction area. Results ofthe 2003 and 2004 real time monitoring for ail quality in Metro Manila being conducted by EMB-DENRalready exceeds the NAAQS limits for TSP. Construction works may further heighten TSPconcentrations, but this is temporary and within the construction areas only.

MitigationWatering of TSP sources will be done as necessary to lessen spread of dust. Hauling andearthmoving equipment will be checked such that they are well maintained. Good housekeeping willalso be emphasized to workers.

Noise

ImpactsIncreased noise will be felt especially when gensets are used in the various construction activities.

MitigationGenset will be provided with temporary housing or used during daytime only, particularly forconstruction works in residential areas. Gensets will be regularly maintained. If work during night timeis unavoidable, proper coordination with affected residents/authorities will be done.

Odor

Impacts

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Digging of muck is expected to generate foul odor.

MitigationIn areas where activities generates odor, these will be covered or enclosed. Odor control system willalso be used as practicable. Monitoring of odor will also be done while observing properhousekeeping. PPE’s will be provided to all workers as well. When necessary, wind bags may beinstalled in areas suspected to have trapped gases so that workers will be guided where to go(towards upwind) for fresh air.

SocioeconomicsImpactsDisruption or inconvenience to pedestrians and vehicular traffic, community residents, and businesseswith street-level and storefront establishment is anticipated during diggings and pipelaying.

Some infrastructure programs of national agencies and local governments, especially those along, oradjacent, the route of the pipeline may also be affected at least in terms of their timelines. The samewould also be true of construction work of private establishments within the same vicinity.

MitigationInconvenience is temporary while long term benefit is foreseen. Proper coordination will ease uptension among immediate affected residents and businesses. Proper signages will also help.

Construction will be phased and breaks/passageways left along the construction route/ROW to allowpeople to do business even under a constrained environment. Continuous through limited access ofpeople to and from commercial and residential establishments is foreseen to lessen the socio-economic impacts of the construction phase of the project.

Coordination with the LGUs will be undertaken to explore the possibility of opening parking areasalong roads where some vehicle owners may be temporarily deprived of their parking areas in front oftheir business establishments or residential areas.

ImpactsDisplacement of informal settlers within the ROW is possible.

MitigationIn the unlikely event of relocation, a protocol, the “Land Acquisition, Resettlement and RehabilitationPolicy” (LARRP), that conforms to World Bank and Philippine Government guidelines is in place. TheLARRP sets out procedures and processes with respect to compensation and the physical transfer ofproject-affected persons and families. ROW spaces are titled to MWSS and are indicated as such byproperty markers. Compensation with respect to intrusions to MWSS-owned ROW spaces do notcover land.

Job Opportunity

EnhancementThe labor requirement during construction will be limited to semi-skilled and skilled workers. Benefitscan only be realized in cases where affected communities can supply such workers. Workers will berelatively mobile; no workers’ encampment is envisioned along the routes of the proposed pipeline. Ifthe majority of the workers are sourced within the impact areas, then approximately 50% of theirearnings would be spent therein at least on food and other related items. Such expenditures couldpotentially translate into 4 times business turnover the original expenditures.

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MWSI will require its contractors to show proof of effort that it has considered giving preference tolocal hiring where qualified laborers are available.

5.2.3 Operation Phase

There are no perceived environmental impacts during the operation phase of the project except foroccasional diggings during maintenance works or repair works. Appropriate clearances will besecured again if needed and proper coordination will be undertaken with the concerned LGUs andaffected residents and/or business establishments where work will be done.

Socioeconomics

ImpactsThe immediate impact will be clean, affordable and regular water supply. This impact will translate tohigher service levels, particularly in terms of coverage, to households. There will be longer supplywindows that eventually would graduate to 24-hour water supply. Water pressure will likewise beimproved. NRW will be reduced thereby making water available to more households. Significantsavings will be generated especially in low-income and blighted communities when these aresubscribed to MWSI. These savings will be the direct result of lower water expenditures,conservatively estimated at 50% less than current levels, and in many instances more. Such savingscould then be diverted to other pressing expenditures thereby improving the quality of life of thepopulation served. There will also be fewer incidences of water-borne diseases. Women and children(especially those of school-age) will need less time and effort in fetching water. Children will havemore time to play and study, which activities are important to childhood development includingsocialization.

Mitigation / Enhancement

A special schedule of water rates for low-income and blighted areas may be considered wherebyhouseholds are charged flat rate tariffs. Such measure not only will improve revenue collection butalso result to less effort in time and resources to catching comparatively small-time water theft. NRWstemming from petty theft would also be reduced. More resources then could be directed toapprehending big-time water-thieves. MWSI will extend its bahay Tubig and related programs toensure affordable, reliable and adequate water supply to its clients. To optimize benefits, IECcampaigns will be undertaken on household water management including methods of storing watersafely and sanitarily.

5.3 Water Reservoir in New Bilibid, Muntinlupa

The underground reservoir will have an estimated dimension of 75m x 75m x 6m. Thus surface areoccupied will be 5, 625 m3 or half a hectare. The volume of spoils will be about 33, 750 m3.

5.3.1 Pre-construction Phase


ImpactSite preparation requires vegetation clearing and borehole drilling for geotechnical analyses.Considering that the vegetation in the area mainly consists of grasses and few bushes, impact is

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minimal. The movement of workers and machinery will affect the wildlife species inhabiting the area.Most of the bird species observed are common to fairly common, and are deemed to be adaptable todisturbed areas.

MitigationDisturbance of the vegetation and wildlife species is inevitable thus there is no recommended directmitigation. Clearing activities will be limited only in the project site.

Water Quality and Solid Waste

ImpactAt this stage, fuel and lubricants from the motorized drill rigs used for borehole drilling are potentialsource of oil/grease in the nearby stream. In streams, oil produces a film on the water surface thatmay inhibit oxygenation of the water. Workers will also generate solid wastes that may be transportedto the affected creek.

MitigationIf practicable, the maintenance works for all machinery and equipment will be concentrated in onearea. Drainage will be installed with ring canals. All petroleum and related products will be stored inbunded areas to contain possible oil leaks. Proper waste management will be strictly imposed.

Air Quality and Noise

ImpactDrill rigs utilize small gasoline and diesel engines that generate exhaust emission. The movement ofthe machinery also generate noise.

MitigationAll equipment will undergo proper maintenance measures to ensure that these are working effectivelyand will have minimal emissions.

Socio-economics

ImpactsNeighboring communities such as the subdivision near the proposed site will be curious as to whatkind of development would be taking place at New Bilibid. It is possible that residents of surroundingcommunities might think that the proposed development would be a new correctional facility toaccommodate more inmates. Such a perception may increase their fears and anxiety of having toreckon with the prospects of having more inmates near their neighborhoods. Any proposeddevelopment in the vicinity would also affect land prices unless such a development is clarifiedbeforehand. Even if it is eventually known that the proposed site will accommodate a water reservoir,safety issues may be raised and, if not properly clarified, these may be blown out of proportionsresulting to heightened levels of anxiety. The presence of organizations representing claimants to theland of, or the lands adjacent, the proposed water reservoir could mobilize their memberships andcreate an issue over ownership thereby posing an obstacle to the development of the site.

MitigationA deliberate IEC campaign will be undertaken by MWSI among various stakeholders, including thesurrounding communities, to explain the nature and character of the proposed development. Issuesregarding ownership of the land as well as the use of the site as a water reservoir, including safetyissues, will likewise be clarified.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:24


ArchaeologyImpactThere is the possibility, however remote, of finding archaeological, cultural and historic items in theexcavation site.

MitigationPrior coordination will be undertaken by MWSI with the National Museum or National HistoricalInstitute for Archaeological Records. A protocol confirming to PD 374 will be prepared containingguidelines on how to handle archaeological, cultural and historic finds.

5.3.2 Construction Phase


ImpactThis phase will involve excavation works and thus more workers are expected. The impacts will bethe same as those in the pre-construction phase. However, the arrival of more workers and otherheavy machinery will trample other plants in the nearby areas. Vegetation in the nearby areas consistof grasses and patches of ipil-ipil trees. The increased activities in the project site will inevitably widenthe affected area including wildlife species. Though the impacts are inevitable, these are limited tothe project site and are temporary.

MitigationThe impacts will be minimized by concentrating the activities in the project area. Though the impactsto the vegetation and wildlife are inevitable, these are limited to the project site and are temporary.Vegetation in the nearby areas also consists of grasses and patches of ipil-ipil trees.


ImpactsBased on the planned dimension of the reservoir, approximately 33,750 m3 of soil material will be dugout. The major impact would be the increased TSS levels in the creek resulting from erosion of theexposed slopes by runoff waters. Diesel and gasoline powered machinery become potential source ofoil/grease that may be transported by runoff to the creek. The increase in the number of workers willalso result to an increase of domestic wastes generated.

These impacts are however, temporary and are concentrated in the project site.

MitigationIf practicable, the excavated materials will be disposed of immediately but in an acceptable manner. Ifsome soil materials will have to be temporarily stored in the site, these will be stored in an area withproper drainage system. The soils will be compacted, with the topsoil being reserved as much aspossible for talahib growing.

Best practices will be employed in the maintenance of all diesel- and gasoline-powered equipment tominimize loss of containment of oil or lubricants. To minimize domestic wastes from flowing into thecreek, the workers will be required to observe responsible and good housekeeping practices.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:24


HydrogeologyThe excavation will not affect groundwater in this area as a study (Clemente et al., 2001) revealed thatat present, the water table depth in Las Pinas, Paranaque and Muntinlupa is from 70 m to 80 m belowsea level. The minimum elevation of the proposed project site is 60 masl.

Air Quality and Noise

ImpactsExhaust from motorized equipment (including haul trucks if the excavated materials are to be hauledout) will increase SO2 and NOx levels. The barren slopes may also increase TSP levels.

Noise will be generated from the heavy equipment used during excavation, hauling, andfoundation/pile installation. Considerable noise will also come from the generator in case one will beused at the site. For reference, the corresponding noise levels produced by common constructionequipment are presented in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1. Attenuated Sound Pressure Levels

Noise Level, dB(A)Equipment

30 m 60m 120m 240mAir Compressor 69 - 81 63 - 75 57 - 69 51 – 63Backhoe 65 - 87 59 - 81 53 - 75 47 – 69Compactor 66 60 54 48Concrete Mixer 69 - 82 63 - 76 57 - 70 51 – 64Concrete Pump 76 70 64 58Crane 70 - 80 64 - 74 58 - 68 52 – 62Front Loader 66 - 75 60 - 69 54 - 63 48 – 57Generator 66 - 76 60 - 70 54 - 64 48 – 58Grader 74 - 87 68 - 81 62 - 75 56 – 69Jack Hammer 75 - 91 69 - 85 63 - 79 57 – 73Paver 81 - 82 75 – 76 69 - 70 63 – 64Pile Driver 89 - 99 83 – 93 77 - 87 71 – 81Pump 64 - 84 56 – 78 50 - 72 44 – 66Tractor, Bulldozer 72 - 89 66 – 83 60 - 77 54 – 71Truck 77 - 87 71 – 81 65 - 75 59 – 69Vibrator 62 - 75 56 – 69 50 - 63 44 – 57

MitigationSimilar with the mitigating measures mentioned during the pre-construction phase, air pollutants fromemissions will be minimized by regular maintenance of the equipment. Barren slopes will be sprinkledwith water to minimize wind erosion.

The project site is approximately 300 m away from the nearest existing residential area. Thecontractor will be advised to follow work schedules that will have a minimum impact to the nearbyresidential areas (i.e., minimize noise during night time).

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:24


Geology and Geotechnical Aspects

ImpactsThe movement of heavy equipment may include bearing failure in geologically weak areas. This willhowever be during the construction phase only.

MitigationThe area will be thoroughly surveyed to designate the suitable route for the trucks and other vehicles.

Occupational Health and Safety

ImpactsThe construction workers are constantly exposed to work-related risks if safety practices are notimplemented. Being located in a penal facility, the risk of encounters with escaping prisoners may putthe workers into unpleasant situations. This is based on the information that escaping prisonersusually seek refuge in the area since the grasses provide good cover.

MitigationThe contractors must abide by the best practices incorporated in the Environmental Management andSafety Code of MWSI. For security, the workers will be advised to minimize leaving the constructionsite premises without prior clearance from the security personnel of the project.

Socioeconomics

ImpactsConstruction activities will also inevitably affect daily activities of nearby residents, particularly thosenear the construction sites. The traffic of vehicles and heavy equipment will generate fugitive dust andnoise pollution thereby affecting their comfort and convenience.

The livelihood source of some prisoners that is talahib growing, harvesting and drying for making ofbags and other products, may be affected by construction works if their planting sites will beexcavated or lie along the route of heavy equipment movements.

Informal settlements may develop, if only temporary, leading to, and in areas adjacent the, project sitemay develop. Professional squatting syndicates may also encourage their members to settle within ornear the proposed site of the water reservoir.

Job openings for local laborers may be available during construction. There will be opportunities tooffer services, e.g., food and other consumables that cater to the needs of construction workers.

MitigationThe proposed site for the water reservoir must carry the appropriate zoning category and restrictiveactivities and development within and adjacent the site during construction and the operational phasesstipulated.

MWSI will ask its contractors to exert best efforts to hire local labor when qualified ones are available.

Replacement site for talahib growing will be coordinated with the residents to ensure there is no longterm-adverse effect to the people’s livelihood.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:24


ArchaeologyImpactConstruction works may unearth archeological finds.

MitigationMWSI will implement protocols on chance finds as provided for in PD 374. Prior coordination with theNational Museum will be undertaken before further civil works are undertaken.

5.3.3 Operation Phase

Water Quality and Solid Wastes

ImpactThe workers that will maintain the reservoir are potential waste generators.

MitigationThe maintenance office will be provided with basic household facilities especially lavatories andcomfort rooms for the workers. Proper solid waste management will also be implemented.

Socioeconomic

ImpactThe operation of the water reservoir will increase the capacity for water to be stored and eventuallydelivered to existing and new households in the service area. Such a development will increaseservice levels and reduce the cost of purchasing water from vendors. New house connections couldlikewise be undertaken. Health benefits from clean, regular and affordable water will also be realized.

Mitigation / EnhancementZoning regulations governing the area within and adjacent the water reservoir should be enacted andenforced to preserve the integrity and safety of the site. These zoning regulations should stipulateallowable and restrictive activities within the site and its surroundings.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 09:24


6.0 Environmental Management Program6.1 Introduction

MWSI is committed to be the top water utility firm providing uninterrupted supply of clean water to allits service area. The following is MWSI’ policy statement:

Quality, Environment, Safety and Health Policy

Maynilad Water Services, Inc (MWSI), the country’s top water utility firm, is committed toservice excellence, environmental protection and to personnel safety and health in theworkplace.

We shall continually improve the quality, reliability, cost effectiveness and environmentalsuitability of our operations and services by implementing an integrated quality, environment,safety and health management system compliant with international standards. In pursuing ourbusiness objective, we shall:

• Comply with laws, regulations and standards applicable to our operations and servicesand other requirements we subscribe to; and the needs of our management systems;

• Provide reliable and high quality water treatment and distribution, sewerage andsanitation services at a fair price to meet the needs and expectations of our customers;

• Minimize and manage the adverse impacts of our operations on the environment byoptimizing the use of our resources, reducing the generation of waste, and controllingthe emission of pollutants to air, water and land;

• Enhance the personal and professional well being of our employees by providingappropriate training and support, thereby maintaining a competent workforce that isquality, environmental, health and safety conscious;

• Protect the health and safety of our employees, contractors, visitors and neighboringcommunities by designing and executing systematic programs that will prevent workrelated injuries, illnesses and emergencies;

• Crate a culture that will encourage all our employees, contractors, suppliers andstakeholders to conduct their activities in a responsible manner; and

• Review regularly our integrated management system to ensure its continuing suitability.

6.2 Impact Mitigation and Enhancement PlanThe identified impacts and the corresponding mitigations are summarized in Table 6-1. Enhancementstrategies are also included for those positive impacts that will be generated by the project.

D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:20D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:20D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:20D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:20

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Table 6-1. Impact Mitigation and Enhancement Plan

Project Phase Parameter Impact Description(+) Positive(-) Negative

Mitigation/EnhancementStrategies

Mitigation/EnhancementCost (PhP)

Institution/EntityResponsible

Guarantees

Component 1: Upgrade of the La Mesa Treatment FacilitiesPreconstructionPhase

Vegetation andWildlife

Clearing ofvegetation will affectthe site’sbiodiversity.Soil-inhabitingorganisms/plantdependent may alsobe temporarilydisturbed. Movementof the workers andequipment willdisturb wildlifespecies in theaffected areas (-)

Clearing activities will beconfined in the projectsite; Vegetation is sparse,thus clearing will notresult to significant loss ofbiodiversity or reductionof carbonsink/sequestration.

Maintenance ofvegetation buffer aroundthe site

Part of sub-contractor’sbudget/scope of work

Subcontractor;MWSI to monitorcompliance

MWSI EMS Coderequirement

ECC conditionalityon acquisition ofother governmentpermits prior toconstruction andoperation

Excavations exposesoils to erosionresulting toincreased TSSlevels in La MesaCreek and TullahanRiver (-)

Provision of drainagecanals to facilitate properrunoff flow.Soil compaction prior todisposal.



MWSI EMS coderequirement; ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance

ConstructionPhase

Water/SoilQuality andSedimentation

Maintenance of theequipment mayproduce oil/greasethat can be washedoff into the nearbycreek (-)

All equipmentmaintenance works willbe concentrated in aperimeter bunded area tocontain oil/grease

Ring canals with oil traps,



MWSI EMS coderequirement; ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance


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Guarantees

drums for used oil to beplaced near traps

Alum in the sludgemay affect thesoil/water quality inthe disposal site (-)

Analyses of the physicaland chemical propertiesof the sludge todetermine if treatment isrequired prior to disposal

Part of the disposalagreement for dredgedsludge

MWSI andpotential partnerin disposal ofsludge

Waste Disposal ofSale Agreement

Expanding clays inthe sludge maycause differentialloading when sludgeis used as backfillmaterial orcement/concreteadmixture (-)

Analyses of the physicaland chemical propertiesof the sludge todetermine the suitableusages

Part of the disposalagreement for dredgedsludge

MWSI andpotential partnerin disposal ofsludge

Waste Disposal ofSale Agreement

Air Quality Increased SO2 andNOx emission fromdiesel/gasoline –runequipment (-)

Increased SO2 andNOx emission due toheavy vehiclemovement (-)

Regular maintenance onequipment to ensure thatthese are workingefficiently

Subcontractors shouldpass governmentemission test prior toaward of contract

Part of sub-contractor’sbudget

MWSI/Sub-contractor


ECC conditionalityon air qualitycompliance

Noise Operation of theheavy equipmentgenerates noise (-)

Provision mufflers forvehicles;Housing of genset ifnecessary;Maintenance ofvegetation buffer aroundsites.

Part of sub-contractor’sbudget

MWSI/Sub-contractor

MWSI EMS coderequirement

ECC conditionalityon compliance toambient noisestandards


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Guarantees

Occupationalhealth andsafety

Heavy equipmentused to excavate thesludge may sink orsubmerge inunstable portions ofthe lagoon, thus mayexpose both workersand equipment tophysical andchemical risks

Prior to any excavation,the stability, compositionand depth of the sludgewill be assessed todetermine appropriate de-sludging technique.

Socio-Economics

Rehabilitation oftreatment plants maycause interruption ofwater supply

Phasing of rehabilitationworks

Timely and proper IEC toaffected communities

Coordination with LGUson possible rationing ofwater supply

Part of MWSI operatingcost

MWSI Proof of LGUcoordination;

ECC conditionalityon IEC

Water Quality Improvement ofwater quality (TSSlevels) in the LaMesa Creek (+)

Proper maintenance ofthe ash lagoons byreducing the volume ofsludge generated andsequential filling of thelagoons for easier sludgemanagement


MWSI ECC conditionalityon water qualitycompliance

OperationalPhase

Wastewater Increased waterproduction willincrease waterusage, thus willgenerate more

MWSI is committed toprovide sewer system toits concession area.Sewerage systems areunder their pipeline

Part of MWSIdevelopment cost

MWSI ConcessionAgreement







Guarantees

wastewater projects.Socio-economics

Increase in waterproduction, Longersupply windows (+)

IEC on household watermanagement &conservation


MWSI Note: Impact is thedesired outcome ofthe project

Component 2: Rehabilitation of the Distribution NetworkVegetation Clearing of

vegetation (-)Social preparationactivities will includeproper coordination tothose who have interests(i.e.,backyard gardens)along the ROW

Clearing limited to areaswithin ROW

Part of the socialpreparation IEC/ budget

MWSI ECC conditionalityon IEC

Solid Wastes Generation of solidwastes during siteclearing (-)

Proper waste disposalrecycling/reuse and goodhousekeeping

Included in thesubcontractor’sbudget/scope of work


MWSI EMS coderequirement

Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onwaste disposalcompliance

Preconstruction

Socio-economics

“Fear of theunknown”/Uncertainty (-)

IEC

Acquisition ofclearance/permits

Part of the socialpreparation IEC/budget

MWSI ECC conditionalityon IEC

Construction Water Quality Erosion/siltation from MWSI will implement the Included in the Subcontractor; Agreement







Guarantees

excavation works (-) provision on Constructionand Safety Guidelines intheir EMS Code. Use ofsediment fencing tocontrol erosion will bedone. Maintenance andcleanliness in theworkplace will also beenforced. This will formpart of thesubcontractor’s contract

subcontractor’sbudget/scope of work

MWSI to monitorcompliance

between thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance

Spillage of oil anddegreasers (-)

A central storage/parkingfor all constructionequipment and vehiclewill be determined, tocontain any spillageduring maintenanceworks.

A designated area forcontainment of usedoils/degreasers will beallocated with properflooring and ring canals

Used oils will bedispensed in a controlledmanner.



Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance andmanagement ofhazardous waste

Phase

Solid Wastes Generation ofconstructionwastes/excavatedsoil (-)

Excavation will be doneby phase such that beforeany section is excavatedthe unearthed sections



Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECC







Guarantees

have been properlybackfilled. Theexcavated soil may alsobe used as backfillmaterials.

conditionality onsolid wastemanagement

Sewage Generation ofsewage fromconstruction workers(-)

Temporarytoilets/portalets will beprovided



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onacquisition of LGUpermits prior toprojectedimplementation

Traffic Traffic congestion (-) Permits related toexcavation will besecured prior to anydiggings so propercoordination will be madewith proper authorities. Atraffic management planwill also be preparedwhich includes IEC andsignages on reroutingplan



Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onproper clearanceswith other entitiessuch as LGU on itsjurisdiction overtraffic management

OccupationalHealth andSafety

Risk of accident toworkers andpedestrians (-)

MWSI EMS Codeembodies their safetymeasures in theworkplace and strictlyimplements this to theiremployees as well assubcontractors. Use ofPPEs as well as



MWSI EMS Coderequirement;Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality







Guarantees

informative warning signsis an SOP.

Handling of asbestoscement (AC) pipespose health hazards(-)

No AC pipelines will beinstalled for this project.The AC pipelines that willbe replaced will beproperly disposed of.Provisions of the DAO2000-02 (Chemical Orderfor Asbestos) will bestrictly observed.Disposal will becoordinated with properauthorities.



ECC conditionalityon hazardouswaste management

Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCConditionality

Air Quality/Noise

Increased TSP andnoise levels in theconstruction area (-)

Watering of TSP sourceswill be done as necessaryto lessen spread of dust.Hauling and earthmovingequipment will beregularly checked formaintenance. As far aspracticable, noisegenerating activities willbe scheduled duringdaytime, if work duringnigh time is unavoidable,proper coordination toaffectedresidents/authorities willbe carried out.

Genset housing may be



Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality oncompliance to airquality standardsand ambient noisestandards







Guarantees

provided where there areresidential areas

Regular maintenance ofgenset for mufflerefficiency

Generation of foulodor (-)

In areas where digginggenerates foul odor, odorcontrol system will beused as practicable.PPE’s will be provided toworkers.Installation of windbagsmay be necessary inareas suspected to havetrapped gasses. Thebags will aide workers togo upwind of the gassources



Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onodor control (underPollution ControlAct)

Disruption to dailyroutine of residentsand businessestablishments(-)

Advisory to residents/businesses of diggingschedules will be made.Access/paths to housesor businesses will also beprovided

Part of sub-contractors’budget


Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI,

Unsightly views;streetscapetemporarily marred(-)

Install visual screens Part of sub-contractors’budget


Agreementbetween thesubcontactor andMWSI

Socio-economics

Disruption to Advisory to LGUs of Part of IEC budget MWSI ECC







Guarantees

schedule ofLGU projects (-)

digging schedules will bemade

conditionality onIEC

Possibledisplacement ofinformal settlers(-)

In the unlikely event ofrelocation, a protocol is inplace that sets outprocedures andprocesses with respect tocompensation and thephysical transfer ofaffected persons andfamilies

Part of CompensationPlan for Potentially-affected Persons

MWSI ECCconditionality onSocialDevelopment/Equity

Local job(construction)opportunities(+)

Best effort policy to localhiring. (Subcontractor toshow proof of effort toconsider qualified localhires before hiringoutsiders)

Part of sub-contractors’budget

Sub-contractor Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI; May be partof ECCconditionality forSocial Development

Archaeology Discovery ofarchaeological finds/historical sites/markers (neutral)

Implement protocol (PD374)

Part of MWSI budget MWSISub-contractor

ECCconditionality;PD 374

Clean, affordable,regular water supply(+)

Regular monitoring ofcondition of pipelines; flatrate for low-incomecommunities

Part of MWSI operationbudget

MWSI Part of concessionagreement

Longer supplywindows(+)




OperationalPhase

Socio-economics

Less NRW (+) Regular monitoring of Part of MWSI operation MWSI Part of concession







Guarantees

condition of pipelines; flatrate for low-incomecommunities

budget agreement

Water pressure willbe improved (+)

Regular monitoring ofcondition of pipelines; flatrate for low-incomecommunities; extensionof Bahay Tubid programto low-income and illegalusers



Significant savings inwater expenses (+)


IEC on household watermanagement &conservation


MWSI Part of concessionAgreement

Less incidence ofwater-bornediseases (+)

Regular monitoring ofcondition of pipelines,particularly maintenanceof 7 psi pressure toensure no contaminationfrom outside sources

IEC on sanitation


Part of agency budget

MWSIMWSSDOH

Part of regularoperations ofagenciesconcerned

IEC conditionalityon IEC

Savings in time andeffort for women,youth, senior citizensand other householdmembers in fetching

IEC on household watermanagement

Sustenance of regularity

Part of agencyIEC budget

MWSIMWSS

Part of regularoperations ofagenciesconcerned; ECCconditionality on







Guarantees

water (+) of clean water supply IEC

Component 3: Construction of a New Reservoir in Bilibid PrisonVegetation andWildlife

Clearing ofvegetation will affectresident wildlifespecies (-)

Activities will be confinedin the project site.




Drill rig operationsgenerate used oiland grease

Provision of bund canalswith oil traps for collectionof used oils

Provision of containmentdrums near traps



MWSI EMS Coderequirement; ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance

Water Quality

Rig workers willgenerate solid wastewhich can affectwaterways

Proper solid wastereceptacles shall beprovided and disposalareas shall be allocatedwithin the work sites



MWSI EMS Coderequirement; ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance

Pre-constructionPhase

Air Quality andNoise

Drill rig enginesgenerate exhaustemission and noise

Proper maintenance ofengines

Possible housing of



MWSI EMS Coderequirement; ECCconditionality on airquality and noise







Guarantees

engines standardscompliance

“Fear of theunknown”/Uncertainty (-)

IEC on project

Acquisition of permits toassure public of legalityand coordination withproper authorities

Part of MWSIIEC budget

MWSI ECC conditionalityon IEC and permitacquisition prior toprojectimplementation

Socio-economics

Mobilization ofclaimants’organization/squattersyndicates (-)

IEC; particularly issueson land ownership andlease agreement

Part of MWSI/MWSSbudgets

MWSI /MWSS Agreementbetween MWSI andMWSS

Archaeology Possibility ofoccurrence ofarchaeological itemsin the exaction site

Prior coordination withthe National Museum ofNational HistoricalInstitute forarchaeological records



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality ofclearances prior toprojectimplementation

Maintenance ofmotorized drill rigmay generateoil/grease that canbe washed out to thenearby creek(-)

Maintenance works willbe conducted inperimeter-bunded areasto contain possible oilleaks



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onwater qualitycompliance

ConstructionPhase

Water Quality

Excavation of 33,720m3 of soil can resultto elevated TSS inthe nearby creek (-)

Proper hauling, storageand compaction ofexcavated soils in thedesignated area in the



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECC







Guarantees

work site conditionality onwater qualitycompliance

Geology andGeotechnicalAspects

Movement of heavyequipment mayinclude bearingfailure in geologicallyweak areas (-)

Survey will be conductedto determine suitableroute for trucks and othervehicles.



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCConditionality

Exhaust emissionsfrom diesel/gasolineoperated enginesduring constructionworks (-)

Regular maintenancecheck to ensure that theengines are efficientlyworking



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCConditionality

Increased TSP (-) Dust-producing haulroads and slopes will besprinkled with water ifpracticable.



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality on airquality on aircompliance

Air Quality andNoise

Noise will begenerated by thevarious constructionequipment (-)

Site equipment will beprovided with mufflers ifnecessary.Activities will beconducted during daytimehours only



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality oncompliance toambient noisestandards

Wildlife Movement of moreworkers andequipment will affectmore wildlife species

As much as practicable,activities will be confinedin the project site



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECC







Guarantees

inhabiting the area(-)

conditionality onprotection of wildlifespecies

Solid Wastesand Wastewater

Solid wastes andwastewater will begenerated by theworkers (-)

Strict observance of goodand responsiblehousekeeping practices



Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI, ECCconditionality onsolid wastemanagement

OccupationalHealth andSafety

Workers areexposed to securityrisks (-)

Workers will be advisedto limit their activitieswithin the projectparameter




Local jobopportunities (+)

Best effort at local hiring(Subcontractor to showproof of effort to considerqualified local hiresbefore hiring outsiders

Part of subcontractors’budget

Subcontractor Agreementbetween thesubcontractor andMWSI; May be partof ECCconditionality forSocial Development

Landscapetemporarily marred

Install visual screen Part of subcontractors’cost

Sub-ontractor MWSI EMS Coderequirement

Socioeconomics

Non-conforming landuse -

Zoning Part of budgets ofagencies concerned

LGUMWSSMWSI

ECC ConditionalityMOA betweenLGU, MWSS,MWSI, New BilibidAdministration

Archaeology Discovery ofarchaeological finds/ historical sites /

Implement protocol (PD374)

Part of MWSI budget MWSISub-contractor

ECConditionalityFollow







Guarantees

markers protocol/regulatoryrequirements

Water Quality Workers maintainingthe reservoir willgenerate solidwastes andwastewater (-)

Provision of basicfacilities in offices;practice of goodhousekeeping measures


MWSI MWSI EMS coderequirement; ECCconditionality on

solid wastemanagement

Clean, affordable,regular water supply(+)




Longer supplywindows(+)




Less NRW (+) Regular monitoring ofcondition of pipelines; flatrate for low-incomecommunities



Socioeconomics

Water pressure to beimproved (+)




OperationalPhase

Public Health Less incidence ofwater-bornediseases

Regular monitoring ofcondition of pipelines

IEC on sanitation


Part of agency budget

MWSI, MWSS,DOH

Part of regularoperations ofagenciesconcerned



6.3 Social Development PlanThe projects’ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program presented in the Chapter onEnvironmental Performance consitutes the project’s Social Development Plan. The CSR/SDPProgram is implemented on a continuing/’roll over” basis.

6.4 Emergency Response PlanThe EMS Code contains the Emergency Response Plan of MWSI (Annex 6.1-CD Format)

6.5 Institutional Plan

The MWSI corporate office led by the Project Management Group (PMG) will oversee theimplementation of the rehabilitation project. During operation, the distribution network, pumpingstations and the reservoirs will be maintained by the Business Centers based on area of jurisdiction.The La Mesa Water Treatment Facilities will be operated by the Production group but will still report toMWSI’ corporate office. Annex 6.2 shows the organizational chart of the company.

MWSI is committed to exercise more than compliance to environmental and safety requirements in theconduct of its operational activities. It has currently developed the following operational procedures inmeeting its vision as the top utility firm in providing water services:

• Environmental Management and Safety Code• Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives• Complaints Management – Easy and user friendly medium through SMS Messaging

and HotlineMWSI/MWSS and its sub-contractors will coordinate with relevant agencies in procuring the necessarypermits to implement the project at various stages ( i.e., pre-construction, construction, operation).These agencies include LGU’s, the DOH-Center of Health Development, MMDA, LLDA., etc.Information relevant to the agencies’ concern will likewise be shared. MWSI will monitor itssubcontractors for the latter’s compliance to secure the necessary permits to carry out their work (e.g.,excavation) and to observe and comply with relevant protocols.

6.6 Information, Education and Communication Plan

MWSI will undertake an IEC campaign in all phases of the project. At the pre-construction phase, thefocus of IEC will be on clarifying the issues and describing the nature, features and character of theproject. The intention here is for stakeholders to be able to make an informed decision and opinionabout the project and, more importantly, to allay any “fear of the unknown” and uncertainty that mayarise from misinformation or, even disinformation.

At the construction stage, the focus of the IEC is to advise residents and businesses as well as otherstakeholders like LGUs of the schedule of the diggings and other related activities. Project-affectedparties will also received advice on how to cope with construction activities, particularly on thererouting of traffic as well as availability of access pathways to residential and business establishmentsto ensure that commerce continues in the affected areas, though in limited and constrainment.

During the operation stage, the IEC program’s thrust will be on advising people and businessestablishments on how to enhance the benefits that will result with improved service levels. Seminarsand other media collaterals on, for example, household water management and safe methods of waterstorage will be undertaken.


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All IEC campaigns will be stakeholder-focused and community-based. The IEC budget for all projectcomponents has been initially estimated to amount to about PhP 1 million pesos.

6.7 Abandonment Plan

Water service is a basic human need such that regular maintenance of the distribution network and allthe support facilities will be carried out. All equipment reaching their lifespan will be replaced anddisposed of properly. In the unlikely event of abandonment, an Abandonment Plan will be prepared ayear before implementation of the Plan, subject to consultation and coordination with affectedstakeholders.

6.8 Environmental Monitoring Plan

MWSI will continue to undertaken environmental monitoring in coordination with the appropriategovernment institutions, together with the stakeholders. Table 6-2 shows the recommendedEnvironmental Monitoring Plan.

MWSI opts for a professional third party environmental audit in lieu of the formation of the Multi-sectoral Monitoring Team (MMT). The environmental audit will be done every year, as prescribed byISO 14001 to which MWSI has been certified against this October.


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Table 6-2. Recommended Environmental Monitoring Plan

Parameters Project Phase Location Frequency Estimated Cost GuaranteesWater Quality at thesludge lagoon outletsand La Mesa Creek(particularly TSS,oil/grease and otherrelevant parametersprescribed by DAO 90-34 and 35)

All project phases La Mesa Creek -upstream anddownstream of thedischarge points of thetwo Water TreatmentFacilities; DischargePoints

Monthly Php 50,000.00 permonth

Compliance to DAO 90-34 and DAO 90-35

Water Quality at thedistribution networks(for parametersprescribed by thePNSDW)

All project phases 700 sampling stationstrategically scatteredaround the concessionarea

Monthly Compliance to PNSDW

Compliance to theTraffic ManagementPlan

Construction Stage –Rehabilitation of theDistribution Lines

All major thoroughfaresaffected

Weekly Included in the projectcost

Agreement withconcerned LGU orresolution by concernedLGU


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7.0 References

Books and ReferencesDepartment of Environment and Natural Resources. 1990. DENR Administrative Order, No. 34. Series

of 1990.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 1990. DENR Administrative Order, No. 35. Seriesof 1990.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2003. DAO 2003-30.

DENR. Procedural Manual for DENR DAO 2003 -30. Philippine Environmental Impact StatementSystem (PEIS) Implementation Guidelines and Procedures

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. 2000. Surface Geology of Metro Manila andAdjacent Areas. Internal Report

Kennedy, R.S, Gonzalez, P.C, Dickinson, E.C, Miranda, Jr., H.C, Fisher, T. 2000. A Guide to the Birdsof the Philippines. Oxford University Press

Maynilad Water Services, Inc. 2000. IEE - MWSI- 3B Project Construction of Primary, Secondary andTertiary Mains for Water Supply Systems Project in Noveleta, Kawit and Imus, Cavite.Unpublished Technical Report

Maynilad Water Services Inc., 1998. Maynilad Environmental Management Plan CorporateEnvironmental Management Department. Unpublished Technical Report.

MWSI. 2005. Environmental Management and Safety Code.

Metro Manila CitiAtlas.. 2002.Asia type, Inc. Mandaluyong City, Philippines

Radian Consulting, Inc. 2006. Feasibility Study - MWSI Water Supply Services Recovery Project.Unpublished Technical Report.

Websiteshttp://www.lopezgroup.org/lqfi/mdgHome.asp?mdg=ENVIRONMENT (viewed October 2006)

http://www.birdwatch.ph/html/trip/trip20040307.html (viewed October 2006)

http://www.pbase.com/liquidstone/image. Photos by Orlee Ninon (viewed October 2006)

http://wwfchina.org/csis/search/english/detail.shtm?cspcode=021170005 (viewed October 2006)

D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:25

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Page 7-1

http://www.lopezgroup.org/lqfi/mdgHome.asp?mdg=ENVIRONMENT

http://www.birdwatch.ph/html/trip/trip20040307.html

http://www.pbase.com/liquidstone/image.

http://wwfchina.org/csis/search/english/detail.shtm?cspcode=021170005

http://www3.pids.gov.ph (viewed October 2006)

http://emi.pdc.org/soundpractices/Metro-Manila/SP1-MM-Saving-Streams-QC.pdf (viewed October 2006)

D R A F T 31/10/2006 10:25

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http://www3.pids.gov.ph

http://emi.pdc.org/soundpractices/Metro-Manila/SP1-MM-Saving-Streams-QC.pdf

Documents

Official PDF , 113 pages