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OTN Basic.
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7182019 OTN Basics
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OTN BasicsOTN BasicsOTN BasicsOTN Basics
RSO Transmission
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Objectives
bull Upon completion of this course you will be able to
- Describe the OTN frame structure maintenance signals
and functions of different layers
- Outline alarm event generation mechanisms- Analyze alarms events and identify OTN faults
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983127983144983161 983157983155983141 983119983124983118
O983124N 983151983142983142983141983154983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983154983141983148983137983156983145983158983141 983156983151 983123ONE983124983123DH
983123983156983154983151983150983143983141983154 F983151983154983159983137983154983140 E983154983154983151983154 C983151983154983154983141983139983156983145983151983150
M983151983154983141 L983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983124983137983150983140983141983149 C983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 M983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 (983124CM)
983124983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983151983142 C983148983145983141983150983156 983123983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143 983123983139983137983148983137983138983145983148983145983156983161O983124N 983144983137983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155
983122983141983153983157983145983154983141983155 983150983141983159 983144983137983154983140983159983137983154983141 983137983150983140 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149
983127983141 983159983145983148983148 983140983145983155983139983157983155983155 983156983144983141 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983137983150983140 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983145983150 983156983144983141
983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
OTN
bull Optical transport network (OTN)
-An OTN network is composed of a set of optical NEs connected by
optical fiber links These NEs are able to provide functions such as
transport multiplexing routing management supervision and
protection (survivability) of client signals according to the
requirements specified in REC G872
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
7182019 OTN Basics
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180120158 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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Confidential
OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3291
1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3491
1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Objectives
bull Upon completion of this course you will be able to
- Describe the OTN frame structure maintenance signals
and functions of different layers
- Outline alarm event generation mechanisms- Analyze alarms events and identify OTN faults
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983127983144983161 983157983155983141 983119983124983118
O983124N 983151983142983142983141983154983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983154983141983148983137983156983145983158983141 983156983151 983123ONE983124983123DH
983123983156983154983151983150983143983141983154 F983151983154983159983137983154983140 E983154983154983151983154 C983151983154983154983141983139983156983145983151983150
M983151983154983141 L983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983124983137983150983140983141983149 C983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 M983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 (983124CM)
983124983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983151983142 C983148983145983141983150983156 983123983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143 983123983139983137983148983137983138983145983148983145983156983161O983124N 983144983137983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155
983122983141983153983157983145983154983141983155 983150983141983159 983144983137983154983140983159983137983154983141 983137983150983140 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149
983127983141 983159983145983148983148 983140983145983155983139983157983155983155 983156983144983141 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983137983150983140 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983145983150 983156983144983141
983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150983155
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarm events
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OTN
bull Optical transport network (OTN)
-An OTN network is composed of a set of optical NEs connected by
optical fiber links These NEs are able to provide functions such as
transport multiplexing routing management supervision and
protection (survivability) of client signals according to the
requirements specified in REC G872
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3991
1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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1801201540 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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1801201541 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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983127983144983161 983157983155983141 983119983124983118
O983124N 983151983142983142983141983154983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983154983141983148983137983156983145983158983141 983156983151 983123ONE983124983123DH
983123983156983154983151983150983143983141983154 F983151983154983159983137983154983140 E983154983154983151983154 C983151983154983154983141983139983156983145983151983150
M983151983154983141 L983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983124983137983150983140983141983149 C983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 M983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 (983124CM)
983124983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983151983142 C983148983145983141983150983156 983123983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143 983123983139983137983148983137983138983145983148983145983156983161O983124N 983144983137983155 983156983144983141 983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155
983122983141983153983157983145983154983141983155 983150983141983159 983144983137983154983140983159983137983154983141 983137983150983140 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149
983127983141 983159983145983148983148 983140983145983155983139983157983155983155 983156983144983141 983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983137983150983140 983140983145983155983137983140983158983137983150983156983137983143983141983155 983145983150 983156983144983141
983142983151983148983148983151983159983145983150983143 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150983155
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarm events
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OTN
bull Optical transport network (OTN)
-An OTN network is composed of a set of optical NEs connected by
optical fiber links These NEs are able to provide functions such as
transport multiplexing routing management supervision and
protection (survivability) of client signals according to the
requirements specified in REC G872
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarm events
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OTN
bull Optical transport network (OTN)
-An OTN network is composed of a set of optical NEs connected by
optical fiber links These NEs are able to provide functions such as
transport multiplexing routing management supervision and
protection (survivability) of client signals according to the
requirements specified in REC G872
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201552 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN
bull Optical transport network (OTN)
-An OTN network is composed of a set of optical NEs connected by
optical fiber links These NEs are able to provide functions such as
transport multiplexing routing management supervision and
protection (survivability) of client signals according to the
requirements specified in REC G872
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Features of OTN
bull Compared with SDH and SONET networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Ultra capacity with high accuracy T-bitsecond per fiber over
DWDM lines- Service transparency for client signals
- Asynchronous mapping powerful FEC function simplified network
design and reduced costs
bull Compared with traditional WDM networks an OTN network has the
following features
- Enhanced OAM and networking capabilities for all services
- Dynamic electricaloptical-layer grooming
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Standard System
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
O983124N
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G872
A983123ON 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141G8080
983123983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983137983150983140
983149983137983152983152983145983150983143
G983141983150983141983154983145983139 983142983154983137983149983141 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 (GFP)G7041
L983145983150983147 983139983137983152983137983139983145983156983161 983137983140983146983157983155983156983149983141983150983156983155983139983144983141983149983141 (LCA983123) 983142983151983154 983158983145983154983156983157983137983148 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155G7042
P983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G709
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155
983137983150983140
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155
F983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150 983138983148983151983139983147983155 983151983142 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G798
983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983140983141983155983139983154983145983152983156983145983151983150 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983137983150983140 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155G806
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154
983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983152983151983154983156983155 983142983151983154 983145983150983156983154983137983085983151983142983142983145983139983141 983155983161983155983156983141983149983155G693
O983152983156983145983139983137983148 983155983141983139983157983154983145983156983161 983154983157983148983141 983137983150983140 983154983141983153983157983145983154983141983149983141983150983156983155 983145983150 983137983150 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983155983161983155983156983141983149G664
P983144983161983155983145983139983137983148983085983148983137983161983141983154 983152983151983154983156983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G9591
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
L983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8731
983122983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8732
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140
983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141
J983145983156983156983141983154 983137983150983140 983155983144983145983142983156 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8251
B983145983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141 983152983137983154983137983149983141983156983141983154983155 983137983150983140 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150983155 983151983150
983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983151983142 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983139983137983154983154983145983141983154983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G8201
E983153983157983145983152983149983141983150983156
983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156
M983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156 983142983141983137983156983157983154983141983155 983151983142 NE983155 983151983150 983137983150 O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147G874
O983124N 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 P983154983151983156983151983139983151983148983085983150983141983157983156983154983137983148 983149983137983150983137983143983141983149983141983150983156983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150 983149983151983140983141983148 983142983151983154 983156983144983141 983150983141983156983159983151983154983147 983141983148983141983149983141983150983156G8741
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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Confidential
OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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Confidential
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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Confidential
New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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Confidential
HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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Confidential
HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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Confidential
OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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Confidential
ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3591
1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201536 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN Introduction
12 OTN Port Structure13 MultiplexingMapping Principles and Bit
Rates
14 Overhead Description15 Maintenance Signals and Functions of
Different Layers
16 Alarms and Performance Events
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Network Layers and Port Structure
bull OPUk optical channel payload unit-k
bull ODUk optical channel data unit-k
bull OTUk completely standardized optical
channel transport unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized
Optical channel transport unit-k
bull OCh optical channel with full
functionalitybull OChr optical channel with reduced
functionality
bull OMS optical multiplex section
bull OTS optical transmission section
bull OPS optical physical section
bull OTM optical transport module
OD983125983147 (OD983125983147P 983137983150983140 OD983125983147983124)OP983125983147
O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126 O983124983125983147 O983124983125983147983126
OC983144 OC983144983154
OM983123983150
O983124983123983150OP983123983150
IPMPL983123 A983124M E983156983144983141983154983150983141983156 983123983124M983085N
O983124M9830850983149
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124M983085983150983149
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201522 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2391
1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN TechnologyL983137983161983141983154983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124N (G872 983151983150 983137983154983139983144983145983156983141983139983156983157983154983141 G709 983151983150 983142983154983137983149983141983155 983137983150983140 983142983151983154983149983137983156983155 G798 983151983150 983137983156983151983149983145983139
983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983150983140 983152983154983151983139983141983155983155983141983155)
(983147 983101 983089983087983090983087983091983087983092 983142983151983154 983090983086983093983089983088983087983092983088983087983089983088983088983111983081
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3491
1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Ports
bull User to network interface (UNI)
bull Network node interface (NNI)
- Inter-domain interface (IrDI)
- Intra-domain interface (IaDI)
- Between equipment provided by different vendors (IrVI)
- Within subnet of one vendor (IaVI)
bull The completely standardized OTUk is used at OTM IrDIs and OTM IaDIs
bull The partly standardized OTUk is used at OTM IaDIs
O983124M
983125NI
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983154983126I
O983124M NNI
I983137DI983085I983137983126I
O983124M NNII983137DI983085I983137983126I
N983141983156983159983151983154983147 O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 B
983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983128 983126983141983150983140983151983154983155 983129
O983124M
NNI
I983154DI
N983141983156983159983151983154983147
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
C
983125983123E983122
A
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for different
layers
16 Alarm and performance events
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
M983157983148983156983145983152983148983141983160983145983150983143
OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G2
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144983154
OC983144
OC983144
OC983144
O9831249831253983131983126983133
O9831249831252983131983126983133
O9831249831251983131983126983133
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
OP9831253OD9831253
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC983154
OCC
OCC
OCC
OCG983085983150983154983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OCG983085983150983149
1 le 983145+983146+983147 le 983150
OP9831252OD9831252
times1OP9831251OD9831251
O983124M983085983150983154983149
O983124983123 OM983123 OC983144 COMM983123O983123C OO983123
O983124M983085983150983149
times4
times1
times1times4
times16times1
times1times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times1
times 983145
times 983146
times 983147
times 983145
times 983146
times 1
C 983148 983145 983141 983150 983156 983155 983145 983143 983150 983137 983148
times1
O983124M9830850983149
times 983147
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3291
1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201536 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3791
1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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New OTN Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2891
1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201552 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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HO-ODULO-ODU CONCEPT
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTUk Frame Rate
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255238 x 2488320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OTU2 255237 x 9953280 kbits
OTU3 255236 x 39813120 kbits
OTU4 255227 x 99532800 kbits
Note 1 The nominal OTUk rates are approximately 2666057143 kbits (OTU1) 10709225316
kbits (OTU2) 43018413559 kbits (OTU3) and 111809 973568 kbits (OTU4)Note 2 OTU0 OTU2e and OTUflex are not specified in this recommendation ODU0 signals
are transported over ODU1 ODU2 ODU3 or ODU4 signals ODU2e signals are transported
over ODU3 and ODU4 signals and ODUflex signals are transported over ODU2 ODU3 and
ODU4 signals
O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141O983124983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 255(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3291
1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODUk Frame Rate
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance
ODU0 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
ODU1 239238 x 2488320 kbits
ODU2 239237 x 9953280 kbits
ODU3 239236 x 39813120 kbits
ODU4 239227 x 99532800 kbits
ODU2e 239237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for CBR
client signals
239238 x Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with a
maximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
ODUflex for GFP-F
mapped client
signals
Pre-set bit rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
Note The nominal ODUk rates are approximately 2498775126 kbits (ODU1) 10037273924 kbits
(ODU2) 40319218983 kbits (ODU3) 104794445815 kbits (ODU4) and 10399525316 kbits
(ODU2e)
OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OD983125983147 983154983137983156983141 = 239(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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1801201525 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3991
1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201540 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201541 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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1801201542 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OPUk Frame Rate
OPU Type OPU Payload Nominal Bit Rate OPU Payload Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238239 x 1244160 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1 2488320 kbits
OPU2 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3 238236 x 39813120 kbits
OPU4 238227 x 99532800 kbits
OPU2e 238237 x 10312500 kbits plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for CBR clientsignals
Client signal bit rate Client signal bit rate tolerance with amaximum of plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn100 ppm
OPUflex for GFP-Fmapped client signals
238239 x ODUflex signal rate plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppm
OPU1-Xv X x 2 488 320 kbits
plusmnplusmnplusmnplusmn20 ppmOPU2-Xv X x 238237 x 9953280 kbits
OPU3-Xv X x 238236 x 39813120 kbits
Note The nominal OPUk payload rates are approximately 1238954310 kbits (OPU0 Payload) 2488320000 kbits(OPU1 payload) 9995276962 kbits (OPU2 payload) 40150519322 kbits (OPU3 payload) 104355975330 (OPU4payload) and 10356012658 kbits (OPU2e payload) The nominal OPUk-Xv payload rates are approximately X x2488320000 kbits (OPU1-Xv payload) X x 9995276962 kbits (OPU2-Xv payload) and X x 40150519322 kbits(OPU3-Xv payload)
OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983154983137983156983141 = 238(239 983085 983147) 983160 983123983124M983085N 983142983154983137983149983141 983154983137983156983141
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P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
P983137983143983141 13
M983137983152983152983145983150983143 983151983142 10GE
983148 H983157983137983159983141983145 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983156983144983154983141983141 983149983137983152983152983145983150983143 983149983141983156983144983151983140983155 983159983145983156983144 983151983150983141 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983150983140983141983154 983138983157983156 983140983145983142983142983141983154983141983150983156 983155983151983142983156983159983137983154983141 983139983151983150983142983145983143983157983154983137983156983145983151983150983155
983148 F983151983154 983149983157983148983156983145983152983148983141 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150 983155983152983137983150983155 983137983150983140 983155983157983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983156 O983123N983122 983149983141983156983144983151983140 3 983145983155 983137983152983152983148983145983139983137983138983148983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140983155 1983137983150983140 2 983137983154983141 983149983151983155983156 983155983157983145983156983137983138983148983141 983142983151983154 983148983145983149983145983156983141983140 O983123N983122 983137983148983148983151983159983137983150983139983141
983148 M983141983156983144983151983140 1 983145983155 983151983150983148983161 983142983151983154 10GE LAN PH983129 983142983157983148983148 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156
10GE LAN
OD9831252 983139983137983150983150983151983156 983149983137983156983139983144 10GE LAN PH983129
OH 9995G983138983152983155 FEC
103125G983138983152983155
B983151983151983155983156983141983140 983148983145983150983141 983154983137983156983141 111G983138983145983156983155
①
OH FEC
103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
991266983123983145983149983152983148983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983152983137983154983141983150983156991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD9831252
OH 9995 G983138983145983156983155 FEC
9995 G983138983145983156983155
F983148983151983159 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983155983155983145983151983150
②
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852
991266L983145983149983145983156983141983140 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144983152983157983156
O983139983139983157983152983145983141983140 FEC 983143983137983145983150
OH FEC103125 G983138983145983156983155
103125 G983138983145983156983155
③
991266983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 OD983125 9830852991266N983151983150983085983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140 FEC 983138983161983156983141983155
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201523 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201526 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201528 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3291
1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODTU12 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 2
bull ODTUG2 optical channel data tributary unit group 2
bull JOH justification overhead
OD9831251
OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD98312498312512
OD9831252
OH
OP9831252
OH
OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831252
OD9831252
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251
OD98312498312512
JOH OD9831251 OD983124983125G2
OD983124983125G2
OP9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODU1 Multiplexed into ODU2
bull ODU1 floats in one quarter of the OPU2 payload area
bull An ODU1 frame travels cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries
O9831249831252 O9831249831252FEC
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251
OD9831251OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
OD9831252
9831604
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OHOD9831252 OH
O P 983125 2 O H
OP9831252 P983137983161983148983151983137983140OD9831252 OH
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 2 O H
O9831249831252
OH
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156 L983137983161983141983154 983123983145983143983150983137983148(983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983123983124M98308516)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
C983148983145983141983150983156983085983148983137983161983141983154 983155983145983143983150983137983148
(983123983124M98308516 A983124M 983151983154 GFP)OD9831251 OH
O P 983125 1 O H
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
O P 983125 1 O H
O P 983125 1 O H
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3691
1801201536 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3791
1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3991
1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 4091
1801201540 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 4191
1801201541 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201542 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201543 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201544 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 4591
1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 4691
1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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1801201547 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODU1 and ODU2 Multiplexed into ODU3
bull ODTU23 optical channel data tributary unit 2 into 3
bull ODTU13 optical channel data tributary unit 1 into 3
OD9831251OH OD9831251OD9831251 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831251 OD98312498312513
OD9831253OH
OP9831253OH
OD9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OP9831253
OD9831253
OD98312498312523JOH
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831251 OD983124983125G3
OD983124983125G3
OP9831253 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD9831252OH OD9831252OD9831252 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
OD98312498312523JOH
OD9831252 OD98312498312523
OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252OD98312498312513JOH
OD9831252 OD9831251
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OD983125983142983148983141983160
OH
OH983123983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983159983145983156983144
983137 983142983145983160983141983140 983138983145983156 983154983137983156983141
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
P983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155
OH
GMP983124983123983145 983124983123983146
OD983125983142983148983141983160
OHBMP
983124983123983145 983124983123983146
GMP
GFP
M983137983152 CB983122 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 983155983161983150983139983144983154983151983150983145983162983141983140 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983141983150983139983137983152983155983157983148983137983156983145983151983150 M983137983152 983152983137983139983147983141983156 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GFP
M983137983152 OD983125983142983148983141983160 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983156983151 HO OP983125983147 983155983141983154983158983145983139983141983155 983157983155983145983150983143 GMP
ODUflex
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
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Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3091
1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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P98313798314398314127
OTN Frame Formats (k = 1 2 or 3)
3 8 2 5
4 0 8 0
1 7 8 1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
3 8 2 4
1
2
3
4
OP983125 983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
O P 983125
983147 O H
OP983125983147 983085 983151983152983156983145983139983137983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983157983150983145983156
OD983125983147
OH
OD983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 D983137983156983137 983125983150983145983156
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
983149983137983152983152983141983140 983145983150OP983125983147 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140
C983148983145983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125K
FEC
O983124983125983147
OH
O983124983125983147 983085 O983152983156983145983139983137983148 C983144983137983150983150983141983148 983124983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 983125983150983145983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156
K
1 983085 25G
2 983085 10G
3 983085 40G
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
OD983125983147 OH 983124CMAC983124 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
983124CM983145 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983145
F983124FL 983142983137983157983148983156 983156983161983152983141 983137983150983140 983142983137983157983148983156 983148983151983139983137983156983145983151983150 983154983141983152983151983154983156983145983150983143
983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
PM 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
E983128P 983141983160983152983141983154983145983149983141983150983156983137983148
GCC12 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 12
AP983123PCC 983137983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143
983139983151983151983154983140983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150
983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148
A983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 OH FA983123 983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
MFA983123 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148
O983124983125983147 OH 983123M 983155983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143
GCC0 983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 0
983122E983123 983154983141983155983141983154983158983141983140 983142983151983154 983142983157983156983157983154983141 983145983150983156983141983154983150983137983156983145983151983150983137983148
983155983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983145983162983137983156983145983151983150
OP983125983147 OH P983123I 983152983137983161983148983151983137983140 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
JC 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148
NJO 983150983141983143983137983156983145983158983141 983146983157983155983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983151983152983152983151983154983156983157983150983145983156983161
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 2991
1801201529 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Frame Alignment Signal
B983161983156983141 1 B983161983156983141 2 B983161983156983141 3 B983161983156983141 4 B983161983156983141 5 B983161983156983141 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 MFA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
F983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (FA983123)
A 983155983145983160983085983138983161983156983141 O983124983125983147983085FA983123 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 6 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
OA1 983145983155 0983160F6 (1111 0110) 983137983150983140 OA2 983145983155 098316028 (0010 1000)
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201530 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3191
1801201531 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Multiframe Alignment Signal
MFA983123 OH 983138983161983156983141
M F A 983123 983155 983141 983153 983157 983141 983150 983139 983141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
M983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983155983145983143983150983137983148 (MFA983123)
I983156 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 1 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150 7
983124983144983141 983158983137983148983157983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983145983155 983145983150983139983154983141983137983155983141983140 983138983161 O983124983125983147OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 MFA983123 983138983161983156983141 983152983154983151983158983145983140983141983155 983137 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 256
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155
I983150983140983145983158983145983140983157983137983148 O983124983125983147OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983157983155983141 983156983144983145983155
983139983141983150983156983154983137983148 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983156983151 983148983151983139983147 983156983144983141983145983154 2 4 8 16 983151983154 32
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 983149983137983145983150 983142983154983137983149983141
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983123M GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3291
1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
983124983154983137983145983148 983156983154983137983139983141 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154 (983124983124I)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983152983151983154983156 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983124983144983141 64983085983138983161983156983141 983124983124I 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983155983144983151983157983148983140 983138983141 983137983148983145983143983150983141983140 983159983145983156983144 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147
983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141 983137983150983140 983156983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983141983140 983142983151983157983154 983156983145983149983141983155 983152983141983154 983149983157983148983156983145983142983154983137983149983141
983124983124I 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141
16983085983138983161983156983141 983123API 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
16983085983138983161983156983141 DAPI 983140983141983155983156983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983152983151983145983150983156 983145983140983141983150983156983145983142983145983141983154
32983085983138983161983156983141 983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140 983145983150983142983151983154983149983137983156983145983151983150
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3991
1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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1801201540 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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1801201541 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201586 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201587 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201588 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201532 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
- For section monitoring and a one-byte error detection code signals are defined
- This byte provides a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code
- OTUk BIP-8 is computed over bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of OTUk framei and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2
BIP8
OP983125983147
1 14 15 3824
F983154983137983149983141 983145
F983154983137983149983141 983145+1
F983154983137983149983141 983145+2
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201533 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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1801201534 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward error indicationbackward incoming
alignment error (BEIBIAE)
- A four-bit BEI and BIAE signal is defined
- This signal is used to transmit in the upstream
direction the count of interleaved-bit blocks and
incoming alignment error (IAE) conditions
- During an IAE condition the code 1011 is insertedinto the BEIBIAE field and the error count is
ignored Otherwise the error count (0-8) is inserted
into the BEIBIAE field
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- A single-bit BDI signal is defined to transmit the
signal failure status detected by the section
termination sink function in the upstream
direction
- BDI is set to 1 to indicate an OTUk backward
defect indication otherwise it is set to 0
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3591
1801201535 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3691
1801201536 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3791
1801201537 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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1801201540 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 4591
1801201545 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201546 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201580 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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1801201585 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- A single-bit IAE signal is defined to allow the S-
CMEP ingress point to inform its peer S-CMEP
egress point that an alignment error in the
incoming signal has been detected
- IAE is set to 1 to indicate a frame alignment
error otherwise it is set to 0
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bits are reserved (RES) for future
international standardization They are set to
00
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEIBIAE B D I
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
I A E
63
32
0
15
16
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 GCC0 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M
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Confidential
bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull General communication channel (GCC0)
- Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general
communications channel between OTUk termination points- A clear channel is located in row 1 and columns 11 and 12
bull RES (reserved)
- Two bytes of the OTUk overhead are reserved for future international
standardization
- They are located in row 1 and columns 13 and 14
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4
PM
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
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Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
983124983124I BIP9830858 BEI BDI
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141
983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141 983151983142 983156983144983141 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983141983160983139983141983152983156 983156983144983137983156 BEI
983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983140983151 983150983151983156 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983144983141 BIAE 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150
983124983144983141983161 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 10 983156983151 12
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
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ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201552 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3891
1801201538 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983124983124I BIP9830858
BEI B D I
983123983124A983124
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2 983124CM1
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM
Bit 678 Status
000 Reserved for future international standardization
001 Normal path signal
010 Reserved for future international standardization
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk - LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk - OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk - AIS
983123983156983137983156983157983155 (983123983124A983124)
F983151983154 983152983137983156983144 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983156983144983154983141983141 983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 3991
1801201539 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201586 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201587 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201588 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145BIP9830858983145BEI983145BIAE983145BDI983145
F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140
983156983144983145983155 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140991257983155 983142983157983150983139983156983145983151983150983155 983137983154983141 983156983144983141 983155983137983149983141 983137983155 983156983144983151983155983141
983151983142 O983124983125983147 983123M 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155
983123983145983160 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983124CM 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140
983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 13 983137983150983140 983154983151983159 3 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983156983151 9 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
k h d
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
ODUk TCM Overhead
983124983124I983145 BIP9830858983145
BEI983145BIAE983145 B D I 983145
983123983124A983124983145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
63
32
0
1516
31
983123API
DAPI
O983152983141983154983137983156983151983154
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983141983140
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IGCC2 AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
Bit 678 Status
000 No source TC
001 In use without IAE
010 In use without IAE
011 Reserved for future international standardization
100 Reserved for future international standardization
101 Maintenance signal ODUk -LCK
110 Maintenance signal ODUk -OCI
111 Maintenance signal ODUk -AIS
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5 983124CM4
983123983124A983124 (983155983156983137983156983157983155) F983151983154 983141983137983139983144 983156983137983150983140983141983149 983139983151983150983150983141983139983156983145983151983150 983149983151983150983145983156983151983154983145983150983143 983142983145983141983148983140 983156983144983154983141983141
983138983145983156983155 983137983154983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983137983155 983155983156983137983156983157983155 983138983145983156983155
983124983144983141983161 983145983150983140983145983139983137983156983141 983156983144983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983139983141 983151983142 983137 983149983137983145983150983156983141983150983137983150983139983141 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983142
983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983137983150 983145983150983139983151983149983145983150983143 983137983148983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983141983154983154983151983154 983137983156 983156983144983141 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085
CMEP 983151983154 983145983142 983156983144983141983154983141 983145983155 983150983151 983155983151983157983154983139983141 983124C983085CMEP 983137983139983156983145983158983141
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
7182019 OTN Basics
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull SONETSDH monitoring is divided into Section Line and
Path monitoring A problem arises when you have
ldquoCarrierrsquos Carrierrdquo situation as shown in next slide whereit is required to monitor a segment of the path that
passes another carrier network
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Confidential
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Overlapped ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2
A1 983085 A2
B1 983085 B2
C1 983085 C2
983124CM1 983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM1
983124CM2
983124CM1
983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983150983151983156 983145983150 983157983155983141 983124CM983145 983124CM OH 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983150 983157983155983141
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM2983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM3
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
983124CM4
983124CM5
983124CM6
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
ODUk TCM ACT Coordination Protocol
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 (983124CMAC983124)
A 983151983150983141983085983138983161983156983141 983124CM 983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150983140983141983137983139983156983145983158983137983156983145983151983150 983142983145983141983148983140 983145983155 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 2 983137983150983140
983139983151983148983157983149983150 4
I983156983155 983140983141983142983145983150983145983156983145983151983150 983145983155 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
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ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
ODUk GCC1GCC2
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
G983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148 (GCC1GCC2)
983124983159983151 983142983145983141983148983140983155 983151983142 983156983144983141 983156983159983151 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983154983141 983137983148983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140 983156983151 983155983157983152983152983151983154983156 983156983159983151983143983141983150983141983154983137983148 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983144983137983150983150983141983148983155 983138983141983156983159983141983141983150 983137983150983161 983156983159983151 NE983155 983159983145983156983144 983137983139983139983141983155983155 983156983151 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983142983154983137983149983141 983155983156983154983157983139983156983157983154983141 (983142983151983154 983141983160983137983149983152983148983141 983137983156 3983122 983154983141983143983141983150983141983154983137983156983145983151983150 983152983151983145983150983156983155)
983124983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154 GCC1 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 1 983137983150983140 2 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983142983151983154
GCC2 983137983154983141 983148983151983139983137983156983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 3 983137983150983140 4 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147 983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
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Confidential
ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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Confidential
ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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Confidential
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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Confidential
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Confidential
Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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Confidential
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Confidential
Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Confidential
Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODUk APSPCC Channel
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123I983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 AP983123PCC
A983157983156983151983149983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983159983145983156983139983144983145983150983143983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983139983151983149983149983157983150983145983139983137983156983145983151983150 983139983151983150983156983154983151983148 (AP983123PCC)
A 983142983151983157983154983085983138983161983156983141 OD983125983147983085AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148 983145983155 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983154983151983159 4 983137983150983140 983139983151983148983157983149983150983155 5 983156983151 8 983151983142 983156983144983141 OD983125983147
983151983158983141983154983144983141983137983140
F983151983154 983148983145983150983141983137983154 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150 983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983138983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156983155 983142983151983154 983156983144983141983155983141 983138983161983156983141983155 983137983150983140 983156983144983141 983138983145983156 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148
983137983154983141 983143983145983158983141983150 983145983150 I983124983125983085983124 G8731 B983145983156 983137983155983155983145983143983150983149983141983150983156 983137983150983140 983138983161983156983141 983151983154983145983141983150983156983141983140 983152983154983151983156983151983139983151983148 983142983151983154 983154983145983150983143 983152983154983151983156983141983139983156983145983151983150
983155983139983144983141983149983141983155 983137983154983141 983156983151 983138983141 983140983141983142983145983150983141983140 983145983150 983142983157983156983157983154983141
A 983149983137983160983145983149983157983149 983151983142 983141983145983143983144983156 983148983141983158983141983148983155 983151983142 983150983141983155983156983141983140 AP983123PCC 983155983145983143983150983137983148983155 983149983137983161 983138983141 983152983154983141983155983141983150983156 983145983150 983156983144983145983155 983142983145983141983148983140
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODUk FTFL Channel
bull Fault Type amp Fault Location (FTFL)
- One byte is allocated in the ODUk overhead to transport a 256-byte FTFL
message
- The byte is located in row 2 and column 14 of the ODUk overhead
- The 256-byte FTFL message consists of two 128-byte fields The forward field is
allocated in bytes 0 to 127 of the FTFL message The backward field is allocated
in bytes 128 to 255 of the FTFL message
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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ODUk Experimental and Reserved Overhead
bull Experimental (EXP)
- Two bytes are allocated in the ODUk overhead for experimental use
- They are located in row 3 and columns 13 and 14 of the ODUk overhead
- There is no requirement for forwarding the EXP overhead over different (sub)networks
bull RES
- 9 bytes are reserved in the ODUk overhead for future international standardization
- They are located in row 2 and columns 1 to 3 and row 4 and columns 9 to 14 of the ODUk
overhead
- They are set to all ldquo0rdquos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
F983124FL 983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOP983123IAP983123PCC
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
E983128P
983122E983123
983122E983123
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
bull Payload structure identifier (PSI)
- One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to
transport a 256-byte payload structure
identifier (PSI) signal
- It is aligned with the ODUk multiframe
- PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type
PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and
concatenation specific
255
0
1
P983124
M983137983152983152983145983150983143
983137983150983140 983139983151983150983139983137983156983141983150983137983156983145983151983150
983155983152983141983139983145983142983145983139
983122E983123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
983122E983123 JC
NJOAP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123
17
MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2
F983124FL
P983123I
Payload Type Code Points
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Payload Type Code Points
MSB 1234 LSB 1234 Hex Code Meaning
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual Concatenated signal
0001 0000 10 Bit stream with octet timing mapping
0001 0001 11 Bit stream without octet timing mapping
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplex structure
0101 0101 55 Not available
0110 0110 66 Not available
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved codes for proprietary use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Not available
OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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OPUk Mapping Specific Overhead
bull Justification controlnegative justification opportunityreserved
(JCNJORES)
- Seven bytes are reserved in the OPUk overhead for the mapping and concatenation
specific overhead
- These bytes are located in rows 1 to 3 and columns 15 and 16 and row 4 and column
16
- 255 bytes in the PSI are reserved for mapping and concatenation specific purposes
983122E983123
1
2
3
4
983124CM3
983124CM6 983124CM5
983124CM2
983124CM4983124CMAC983124
GCC1
983122E983123 JC
JC
AP983123PCC 983122E983123
E983128P
FA983123 983122E983123 JC983122E983123MFA983123 983123M GCC0
PM983124CM1
GCC2 P983123I
F983124FL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
983122E983123
NJO
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function fordifferent layers
16 Alarm events
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Maintenance Signals
bull Forward defect indication (FDI)
- FDI is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected
- An FDI signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppress
defects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
- FDI is transported as non-associated overhead in the OTM overhead signal
(OOS)
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- AIS is a signal sent to the downstream direction as an indication that an
upstream defect has been detected An AIS signal is generated by theadaptation sink function
- An AIS signal is detected by the trail termination sink function to suppressdefects or failures that would otherwise be detected as a result of
interruption of transport of the original signal at an upstream point
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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Confidential
g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Maintenance Signals
bull Alarm indication signal (AIS)
- ODUk-AIS is specified as all 1s in the entire ODUk signal excluding the
frame alignment overhead (FA OH) OTUk overhead (OTUk OH) and ODUk
FTFL
- ODUk-AIS is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM and TCMioverhead fields
1
2
3
4
1 17 3824
A983148983148 9912601991261983155 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
87 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
Maintenance Signals
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Maintenance Signals
bull Backward defect indication (BDI)
- Backward defect indication payload defect (dBDI-P) is monitored
at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of monitoring this
parameter is to allow for single-ended supervision of the trail
- A BDI-P (dBDI-P) defect needs to be declaredcleared at the trail
termination sink function within X msY ms of detecting the far-
end defect causing the insertion of BDI-P into the OOS
- X and Y are to be defined in the future
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dBDI-P
needs to be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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g
bull Payload missing indication (PMI)
- PMI defects are monitored at the OTS and OMS layers The purpose of
monitoring this parameter is to suppress downstream loss of signal
alarms at the trail termination sink due to upstream defects causing
missing payload at the start of the trail
- PMI defects (dPMI) need to be declaredcleared by the trail
termination sink function within X or Y ms when it is detected that
the missing payload condition causes insertion of PMI into the OOS
- During signal failure conditions of the overhead signal dPMI needs to
be set to false
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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g
bull Open connection indication (OCI)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream
direction the signal is not connected to a trail termination source
- The presence of ODUk-OCI is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits
in the PM and TCMi overhead fields
- The repeated 0110 0110 pattern is the default pattern other patterns
are also allowed as long as the STAT bits in the PM and TCMi overhead
fields are set to 110
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600110 0110991261 983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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g
bull Locked (LCK)
- A signal sent downstream as an indication that in the upstream direction the
connection is locked and no signal is passed through
- The presence of ODUk-LCK is detected by monitoring the ODUk STAT bits in the PM
and TCMi overhead fields
- dLCK needs to be declared if the accepted STAT information (AcSTAT) is ldquo101rdquo
dLCK needs to be cleared if the accepted STAT information is not equal to ldquo101rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dLCK needs to be set to false
1
2
3
4
1 17 382487 14
F 983124 F L
FA OH O983124983125983147 OH
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983123 983124 A 983124
983122983141983152983141983137983156983141983140 9912600101 0101991261983152983137983156983156983141983154983150
Maintenance Signals
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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g
bull Incoming alignment error (IAE)
- IAE at the OTUk layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the IAE bit in
the SM overhead field (byte 3 bit 6) is ldquo1rdquoor ldquo0rdquo for X consecutive framesX is 5
- IAE at the ODUkT layer dIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the accepted
STAT information (AcSTAT) is not ldquo010rdquo
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dIAE needs to be set to
false
bull Backward incoming alignment error (BIAE)
- dBIAE needs to be declaredcleared if the BEIBIAE bits in the SMTCM overheadfield (byte 3 bits 1 to 4) are not ldquo1011rdquo for X consecutive frames X is 3
- During signal failure conditions of the data signal dBIAE needs to be set to false
Maintenance and Management Signal
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Maintenance and Management Signal
Management
FunctionSignal
Network Layer
OTUk ODUkP ODUkT
Alignment LOFLOM Y Y -
Connectivity TTI Y Y Y
Maintenance
signal
AIS Y Y Y
OCI - Y Y
LCK - Y Y
LTC - - Y
BDI Y Y Y
BEI Y Y Y
IAEBIAE Y - YSignal quality BIP-8 Y Y Y
Contents
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Contents
11 OTN introduction
12 OTN interface structure13 Multiplexingmapping principles and bit
rates
14 Overhead description15 Maintenance signals and function for
different layers
16 Alarm events
Alarm
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Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
Layer Alarm
OTUk OTUk_LOF OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM OTUk_DEG
OTUk_EXC OTUk_BDI BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM ODUk_PM_DEG ODUk_PM_EXC
ODUk_PM_BDI ODUk_PM_LCK ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_AIS
ODUk_LOFLOM
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_TIM ODUk_TCMi_DEG ODUk_TCMi_EXC
ODUk_TCMi_BDI ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI
ODUk_TCMi_AIS ODUk_TCMi_LTC
OPUk OPUk_PLM OPU2_MSIM OPU3_MSIM
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 983147 = 1 2 3991270 I = 1 983156983151 6
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOF
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk frame loss During frame alignment if
the frames are out of synchronization for three consecutivemilliseconds this alarm is reported This alarm is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_LOM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates OTUk multiframe loss During multiframe
alignment if the multiframes are out of synchronization for three
consecutive milliseconds (that is the MFAS overhead value is
illegal) this alarm is reported This alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The receive optical power is inappropriate
- The BER is excessively high because the laser on the opposite boardis aged or attenuation of the optical fiber on the line is excessively
large
- A board at the local or opposite end malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms ODUk LOFLOM
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Common OTN Alarms ODUk_LOFLOM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk frame and multiframe loss When the
frame header information in the upstream direction mis-matches
that in the downstream direction and the frames are out ofsynchronization for three consecutive milliseconds during frame
alignment this alarm is reported This is a critical alarm
bull Possible causes- The working mode of the local optical port is not set to the OTN
mode
- The receive optical fiber malfunctions
- The optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the line malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms OTUk_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUk alarm indication signal The entire
OTUk layer is a PN-11 sequence and therefore AIS signals are
applicable to the entire OTUk layer This alarm is reported when it is
detected that signals in the upstream direction are invalid This is amajor alarm The OTUk signal is a general AIS signal of PN-11
sequence
bull Possible causeThe upstream equipment inserts OTUk-layer AIS signals
Common OTN AlarmsODUk_PM_AISODUk_TCMi_AIS
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201573 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi alarm indication signal
When this alarm is reported verify that the value of the STAT overhead
is ldquo111rdquo This alarm is a major alarmbull Possible causes
bull When detecting R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to the downstream site
Whether to insert an ODUk AIS signal when the upstream site detectsOTUk_TIM can be set
bull In operation mode when detecting ODUk_TCMi_LCK ODUk_TCMi_OCI or
ODUk_TCMi_TIM the upstream site inserts an ODUk_AIS signal to thedownstream site Whether to insert an ODUk_AIS signal when the
upstream site detects ODUk_TCMi_TIM can be set
Common OTN Alarms
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8091
1801201580 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
OTUk_TIMODUk_PM_TIMODUk_TCMi_TIM
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi tracing
identifiers mismatch When the TTI channel tracing byte to bereceived and the received TTI channel tracing byte are different at
the local site this alarm is reported This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- The TIM mode in the network planning and the configured TIM modeare different
- The TTI channel tracing byte to be received (by default it is null when
it is not set) is different from the received TTI channel tracing byte
- Optical fiber connections are incorrect- The upstream board malfunctions
Common OTN Alarms
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OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
OTUk_DEGODUk_PM_DEGODUk_TCMi_DEGbull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi signals are
degraded In burst or Poisson mode this alarm is reported when it is
detected that the signals are degraded This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
- An optical port at the local or opposite end malfunctions
- The optical fiber on the transmission line malfunctions
- The optical power at a local optical port is inappropriate
- In burst mode the DEG bit error threshold and DEGM (detection time)
of a board are set to small values
- In Poisson mode the BER threshold for the alarm indicating signal
degrade is set to a small value
Common OTN Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms
OTUk_EXCODUk_PM_EXCODUk_TCMi_EXC
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that in Poisson mode the BIP8 BER at the
OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi level exceeds the pre-set thresholdThis alarm is a major alarm
bull Possible causes
- The line optical attenuation is excessively large
- The attenuation of an optical module is set to an excessively large
value
- An optical port is dirty
- An optical fiber is aged bent or stretched tight- An optical module is damaged
Common OTN Alarms BEFFEC
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that pre-FEC BER exceeds the threshold This
alarm is a warning alarmbull Possible causes
- The input optical power is inappropriate
- There are bit errors on the line
- An optical fiber connector is dirty
Common OTN AlarmsOTUk_BDIODUk_PM_BDIODUk_TCMi_BDI
bull Alarm description
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an OTUkODUk PMODUk TCMi backward defect
indication signal This alarm is reported when BDI bits in the
SMPMTCMi overhead domain are ldquo1rdquo for five consecutive frames This
alarm is a minor alarmbull Possible causes
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM or OTUk_TIM
the downstream site inserts OTUk_BDI back to the upstream site
- After receiving R_LOS OTUk_AIS OTUk_LOF OTUk_LOM OTUk_TIM
ODUk_LOFLOM ODUk_PM_AIS ODUk_PM_OCI ODUk_PM_LCK
ODUk_PM_TIM or ODUk_TCMi_LTC the downstream site inserts
ODUk_PM_BDI back to the upstream- Board hardware malfunctions
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM LCKODUk TCMi LCK
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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1801201579 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8091
1801201580 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8791
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_LCKODUk_TCMi_LCK
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates an ODUk PMODUk TCMi signal lockout
defect When the value of the received STAT information is
ldquo101rdquo an LCK alarm is generated The LCK maintenance signal
is required by carriers and the signal is used for locking signals
at the user access point This alarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible causes
When the services carried on the line are used for maintenance
and LCK at the corresponding level on the board at the
upstream site is enabled the downstream board reports analarm at the corresponding level after receiving the LCK signal
inserted by the upstream site
Common OTN AlarmsODUk PM OCIODUk TCMi OCI
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
Performance Events
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Confidential
Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Confidential
Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Confidential
Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Confidential
ODUk_PM_OCIODUk_TCMi_OCI
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates ODUk PMODUk TCMi disconnection
indication When the value of the received STAT informationis ldquo110rdquo an OCI alarm is reported indicating that output port
is not connected to the input port This alarm is a minor
alarm indicating a disconnection between the input port and
output port
bull Possible causes
- Upstream cross-connections are not configured or are
incorrectly configured
- A loopback is performed on the client side or line side
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 7691
Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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Confidential
bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
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Common OTN Alarms OPUk_PLM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201579 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
7182019 OTN Basics
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPUk payload mismatches When the
received payload type is different from the expected payload type
defined by the adaptation function this alarm is reported Thisalarm is a minor alarm
bull Possible cause
On an NE the PT byte to be received at the OPUk layer is differentfrom the actually received PT byte at the OPUk layer
Common OTN Alarms OPU2_MSIMOPU3_MSIM
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
7182019 OTN Basics
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1801201579 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull Alarm description
This alarm indicates that OPU2OPU3 multiplexing structure
identifier mismatches When the automatic configuration function
of the multiplexing structure is supported and activated if thevalue of the received MSI identifier is not supported by the specific
adaptation function (for example the tributary port or ODU type is
correct) an MSIM alarm is reported When the automatic
configuration function of the multiplexing structure is supported or
not activated if the actually received MSI is different from the to
be received MSI an MSIM alarm is reported This alarm is a minor
alarm
bull Possible cause
A board does not support the multiplexing structure of services
transmitted from a board on the source NE
Suppression Mechanisms of Electrical-Layer Alarms
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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bull IAE and BIAE are not alarms but IAE can suppress DEG at the same level
O983124983125983147983135AI983123
O983124983125983147983135LOF
O983124983125983147983135LOM
O983124983125983147983135983124IM
OP983125983147983135PLM
OP983125983147983135M983123IM
O983124983125983147983135BIAEO983124983125983147983135IAE O983124983125983147983135BDI
O983124983125983147983135DEG
OD983125983147983135LOFLOM
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135L983124COCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135OCILCKAI983123
OD983125983147983135PM983135983124IM
OD983125983147983135PM983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BIAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135BDI
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135IAE
OD983125983147983135983124CM983145983135DEG
OD983125983147983135PM983135DEGOP983125983147983135PLM
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You
80
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Performance Events
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Layer Performance Event
OTUk OTUk_BBE OTUk_BBER OTUk_BIAES OTUk_ES OTUk_FEBBE
OTUk_FEBBER OTUk_FEES OTUk_FESES OTUk_FESESR OTUk_FEUAS
OTUk_IAES OTUk_SES OTUk_SESR OTUk_UAS FEC_AFT_COR_ER
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE ODUk_PM_BBER ODUk_PM_ES ODUk_PM_FEBBE
ODUk_PM_FEBBER ODUk_PM_FEES ODUk_PM_FESES ODUk_PM_FESESR
ODUk_PM_FEUAS ODUk_PM_SES ODUk_PM_SESR ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE ODUk_TCMi_BBER ODUk_TCMi_BIAES ODUk_TCMi_ES
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER ODUk_TCMi_FEES
ODUk_TCMi_FESES ODUk_TCMi_FESESR ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS
ODUk_TCMi_IAES ODUk_TCMi_SES ODUk_TCMi_SESR ODUk_TCMi_UAS
K = 1 2 3 5G I = 1 983156983151 6
OTN Performance Events OTUk Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Meaning
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
OTUk_BBE Background bit error block in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FESES Remote severe bit error second in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BBER Background bit error block rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_FESES
R
Remote severe bit error second rate in the
OTUk SM section
OTUk_BIAES Backward alignment errored second in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_ES Bit error second in the OTUk SM section OTUk_IAES Alignment errored second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_FEBBE Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SES Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEBBER Remote background bit error block in
the OTUk SM section
OTUk_SESR Severe bit error second in the OTUk SM
section
OTUk_FEES Remote bit error second in the OTUk
SM section
OTUk_UAS Unavailable second in the OTUk SM
section
FEC_AFT_COR_ER Post-FEC BER
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_PM Level
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Performance Event
Name
Meaning Performance
Event Name
Meaning
ODUk_PM_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_BBER Background bit error block rate inthe ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FESESR
Remote severe bit error second ratein the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_ES Bit error second in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
PM section
ODUk_PM_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk PM
section
ODUk_PM_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_FEES Remote bit error second in theODUk PM section
ODUk_PM_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk PMsection
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G
OTN Performance Events ODUk_TCMi Level
Performance Event Meaning Performance Event Meaning
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
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Name Name
ODUk_TCMi_BBE Background bit error block in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESES Remote severe bit error second in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BBER Background bit error block rate in
the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FESESR Remote severe bit error second rate
in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_ES Bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS Remote unavailable second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBE Remote background bit error
block in the ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_SES Severe bit error second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER Remote background bit error
block rate in the ODUk TCMisection
ODUk_TCMi_SESR Severe bit error second rate in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_FEES Remote bit error second in the
ODUk TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_UAS Unavailable second in the ODUk
TCMi section
ODUk_TCMi_BIAES Backward alignment errored
second in the ODUk TCMi
section
ODUk_TCMi_IAES Alignment errored second in the
ODUk TCMi section
983122983141983149983137983154983147983155 991260983147991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 2 3 983151983154 5G 991260983145991261 983139983137983150 983138983141 1 983156983151 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8691
1801201586 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull 3R Re-amplification Reshaping and Retiming
bull AI Adapted Information
bull AIS Alarm Indication Signal
bull APS Automatic Protection Switching
bull BDI Backward Defect Indication
bull BDI-O Backward Defect Indication Overhead
bull BDI-P Backward Defect Indication Payload
bull BEI Backward Error Indication
bull BI Backward Indication
bull BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error
bull BIP Bit Interleaved Paritybull CBR Constant Bit Rate
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8791
1801201587 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8891
1801201588 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8991
1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8791
1801201587 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull CMEP Connection Monitoring End Point
bull DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier
bull EXP Experimental
bull ExTI Expected Trace Identifier
bull FAS Frame Alignment Signal
bull FDI Forward Defect Indication
bull FDI-O Forward Defect Indication Overhead
bull FDI-P Forward Defect Indication Payload
bull FEC Forward Error Correction
bull GCC General Communication Channel
bull IaDI Intra-Domain Interface
bull IAE Incoming Alignment Error
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8891
1801201588 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8991
1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8891
1801201588 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull IrDI Inter-Domain Interface
bull JOH Justification Overhead
bull MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal
bull MFI Multiframe Indicator
bull MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier
bull NNI Network Node Interface
bull OCC Optical Channel Carrier
bull OCCo Optical Channel Carrier - overhead
bull OCCp Optical Channel Carrier - payload
bull OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with the Reduced Function
bull OCG Optical Carrier Groupbull OCGr Optical Carrier Group with the Reduced Function
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8991
1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 8991
1801201589 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OCh Optical Channel with the Full Function
bull OChr Optical channel with the Reduced Function
bull OCI Open Connection Indication
bull ODTUG Optical channel Data Tributary Unit Group
bull ODTUjk Optical channel Data Tributary Unit j into k
bull ODU Optical Channel Data Unit
bull ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit-k
bull OH Overhead
bull OMS Optical Multiplex Section
bull OMU Optical Multiplex Unit
bull ONNI Optical Network Node Interfacebull OOS OTM Overhead Signal
bull OPS Optical Physical Section
Acronyms and Abbreviations
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9091
1801201590 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit
bull OPUk Optical Channel Payload Unit-k
bull OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
bull OTH Optical Transport Hierarchybull OTM Optical Transport Module
bull OTN Optical Transport Network
bull OTS Optical Transmission Section
bull OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit
bull OTUk completely standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull OTUkV functionally standardized Optical Channel Transport Unit-k
bull PCC Protection Communication Channel
bull PLD Payload
bull PMI Payload Missing Indication
Acronyms and Abbreviations
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface
7182019 OTN Basics
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullotn-basics 9191
1801201591 copy Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
Confidential
bull PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
bull PSI Payload Structure Identifier
bull PT Payload Type
bull RES Reserved for future international standardization
bull SAPI Source Access Point Identifierbull Sk Sink
bull SM Section Monitoring
bull So Source
bull TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
bull TSTributary Slot
bull TxTI Transmitted Trace Identifier
bull UNI User-to-Network Interface