Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Return of Experience for Microturbines Running on Landfill Gas // waste water gas in Europe [email protected]

Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005

Return of Experience for Microturbines Running on Landfill Gas // waste water gas in Europe

[email protected]

January 26th, 2005

Xavier LOMBARDGeneral Manager

Belgium // FranceSwitzerland // Austria


1- Capstone Microturbine running on landfillReturn of experience for the microturbine compared to the piston engine

2- Capstone Microturbine running on Waste Water treatment

3- Capstone Microturbine running on landfill gas

Green electricity out of Capstone microturbine



1Million m3 waste

Landfill close in 1994

Biogas

- CH4 = 45%,

- Flow = 165m3/h

Cunéo – ItalyJuly 2002

In 1994: 2 engines of 500kW

In 1998: 1 engine 500kW

In 2002: 1 engine 250kW

Italy: Landfill


Capstone Microturbine

30kW

28% efficiencyNox =1ppm

CO = 200ppm


Reciprocating Engine Microturbine

Biogas chiller Biogas chiller

Compressor

Container

Leanox System & compressor

Air Cooling

Exhaust cleaning (Post-combustion)

Disconnector / Circuit breaker

Disconnector / Circuit breaker

Synchronization relay

Grid Protection Grid Protection

Table 1 : Reciprocating Engine versus Microturbines installation


The efficiency is dramatically decreasing when CH4<50%. Maintenance cost is fix (even at part load) Auxiliary losses remain practically constant, which penalizes

the economics at part load; Operator had to restart manually the engine. The starting procedure is very sensitive to the methane

content.

Easy to install / easy to move to another site The ability to run with low methane content: CH4 > 35% Efficiency does not decrease with the low methane content Several microturbines to follow the biogas generation curve Several microturbines allow keeping maintenance price # kWh.

Engine

Microturbines

Lessons learned from the Engine/microturbine comparison


Investment + MaintenanceCost

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

100120140160180200220240

kW per hours

cEu

ro/k

Wh

2002 2003

2004

8xC30

7xC30

6xC30

Generation costs on the site (excluding biogas captation)

Microturbines flexibility brings higher revenues on the long term


KWh in the biogas depending of the methane content

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

6/30 7/14 7/28 8/11 8/25

Bio

ga

s P

ow

er

ou

tpu

t in

kW

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

Me

tha

ne

co

nte

nt

in %

kWh

CH4

Power available in the methane in a landfill

Microturbines runs for 35% < CH4 < 45%


Figure 4 : Engine EfficiencyMicroturbine / Engine Efficiency measurement

0.15

0.17

0.19

0.21

0.23

0.25

0.27

0.29

0.31

0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55

CH4% in biogas

Eff

icie

nc

y

Engine brut efficiency

Engine net efficency

Microturbine brutefficiency

Microturbine netEfficiency

Engine Efficiency

CH4% engine efficiency CH4% microturbine efficiency


Switzerland: Waste Water treatment

Capstone : C30kW

Eltacon :

Compressor & chiller


Good behaviour from –10°C up to 45°C Smart Proportional valve changed

Microturbines

Lessons learned from the Swiss WWTP experiment

Need 100% by-pass for the flue exhaust Hot water overheat very fast

Heat exchanger

Variable speed control motor for proportional losses Condensate float ball valve not reliable technologyBiogas chilling for drying and cleaning the biogas

Compressor and chiller

400hours200 starts

100k€Equipment +Installation


4 months of continuous operation seamless

Applied Filter Technology

Verdesis distributor

Propriété intellectuelle

Verdesis

Verdesis design

concept

Waste water treatment plant – Marche en famenne - Belgium


Good behaviour from –10°C up to 45°C Smart Proportional valve changed (every 1000hours)

Microturbines

Lessons learned from Marche en Famenne WWTP

Need safety lock for no exhaust interruption

Heat exchanger

SAG filter on high pressure sideessential to protect the microturbine Gas reserve to mitigate pressure swing for inlet gas turbine


2000hours50 starts


Green certificates = 90€/MWh

Self consuption =60€/MWh


Two microturbines biogas [35%-45%]

Verdesis project commissioned in January 2004

Landfill – Sprésiano - Italy


Operation with CH4 <> 30% occasionnalyGas quantity was lower than expected

One C30 runs part load

Microturbines

Lessons learned from Sprésiano Landfill

300hours20 starts





Landfill – Des-Isnes - Belgium


Noise is 85dBa @ 1mNoise drop at 65 dBa @ 1m with silencerNOx < 2ppm CO < 20ppm @ 15%O2Smart Proportional valve changed (every 2000hours)

Microturbines

Lessons learned from Des-Isnes Landfill

Electrical valve for bypass are fragile

Heat exchanger

Inlet back pressure @ compressor stop


500hours20 starts





Conclusion for microturbines on biogas

run with low methane content: CH4 > 35% microturbines flexibility improves revenue Several microturbines allow keeping maintenance price # kWh. Efficiency does not decrease with the low methane content

On going development

Microturbines project running on biogas throughout Europe >10 projects on landfill & sewage plant by end of 2005

Siloxanes filtration using proprietary system from USA 60+ reference with 100% efficiency in the USA

Documents

Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Return of Experience for Microturbines Running on Landfill Gas // waste water gas in Europe [email protected]