Outcome 2 Factors Influencing

Contemporary Societal Relationships with

Outdoor Environments

Outdoor and Environment Studies Unit 3

Key Terms

Contemporary Relationships- Refers to events and interactions that have occurred within the last 10 to 15 yrs.

Conservation- The protection and enhancement of the environment.

Different Forms of Conservation

Definition of Conservation: The protection and enhancement of the environment.

Conservation - Examples:• Environmental groups

• The Wilderness Society• Australian Conservation Society • Victorian National Parks Association• Greenpeace• Gould League

Different Forms of Conservation

• National Parks Australia has over 500 national parks. Over 28 million hectares

of land is designated as national parkland, accounting for almost four per cent of Australia's land areas. In addition, a further six per cent of Australia is protected and includes state forests, nature parks and conservation reserves.

National parks are usually large areas of land that are protected because they have unspoilt landscapes and a diverse number of native plants and animals. This means that commercial activities such as farming are prohibited and human activity is strictly monitored. They are also areas that protect significant historical and Aboriginal cultural areas.

Australia's first national park, was proclaimed on 26 April 1879, south of Sydney in New South Wales. It is now known as the Royal National Park. It was the second such park to be declared in the world, the first being Yellowstone National Park in the United States of America.

Different Forms of Conservation

National Parks Continued…• State Parks- provide a natural setting

for recreational activities.• State Forests- exist to provide a

sustainable flow of timber supples.• Example of a close National parks-

Great Otways National Park and Brisbane Ranges National Park.

• State Parks- Lerderderg State park and Werribee Gorge.

Different Forms of Conservation

• Management strategies• Natural resource management refers

to the management of natural resources such as land, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how management affects the quality of life for both present and future generations.

• It brings together land use planning, water management, biodiversity conservation, and the future sustainability of industries like agriculture, mining and tourism, fisheries and forestry.

Different Forms of Conservation

Management Strategies continued…

It recognizes that people and their livelihoods rely on the health and the productivity of our landscapes, and their actions as stewards of the land play a critical role in maintaining this health and productivity.

Examples of land management-

DSE- Department of Sustainability- Minimizing the impacts of pest plants and animals, protecting and enhancing native vegetation, ameliorating and mitigating the impacts of dryland salinity and other forms of land degradation, and supporting Landcare and community capacity and participation.

Different Forms of Conservation

• Minimal impact strategies-• Strategies and policies for different

environments- parks- both land and sea.

• Include- simple as “Pack in Pack Out” to National/State Parks and Marine Sanctuaries.

Different Forms of Conservation

Reduction in use of resources-Moving away from polluting

practices, such as; coal and petrol to produce energy.

Moving to Sustainable Energy, such as; Solar, Wind, Turbine etc.

Others___________________________

Different Forms of Conservation

Reduction of waste and pollution-A tax on Carbon in Australia for the

major polluting companies.Recycling across shires- the use of

recycling bins. Cash for CansRecycled paperOthers________________________________

_

Different Forms of Conservation

Education and awarenessOutdoor and Environmental

Studies.Schools- Primary and Secondary.

Examples_______________________

Conservation groups

Different Forms of Conservation

• Development of environmentally friendly energy sources

• Transport- walking, riding car pooling etc.

• Energy-• Solar• Wind• Hydro• Other__________________________

Different Forms of Conservation

Examples of Conservation Campaigns- Historic Campaigns Franklin Dam- Tasmania Lake Pedder- Tasmania

Campaigns to stop the government from building Hydro Dams and as a result impacting on the biodiversity of the lakes.

Recent Campaigns- Links to website Wilderness Society Australian Conservation Foundation Victorian National Parks Association Greenpeace Gould League

Different Forms of Conservation

Other examples of Conservation? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Conservation Attitudes Over Time

Patterns of Conservation Interactions –

• Aboriginal – areas for no hunting/gathering, only took what they needed, use of fire for regeneration

• Early European settlers – didn’t have any

• 1800s – didn’t have any until late 1800s when national parks first became a possibility

• 1900s – recognition of land degradation, environmental awareness, environment groups formed, national parks formed, acts of parliament passed and implemented, management strategies developed, use of resources limited

• Now - ______________________________

• WHY have these interactions changed? ___________________________________