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Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
- provinces controlled by rich merchants called regents
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
- provinces controlled by rich merchants called regents
- chief exec. was called the Stadholder - almost always a prince of the House of Orange
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
- provinces controlled by rich merchants called regents
- chief exec. was called the Stadholder - almost always a prince of the House of Orange
- thriving commerce made it Europe’s financial capital
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
- provinces controlled by rich merchants called regents
- chief exec. was called the Stadholder - almost always a prince of the House of Orange
- thriving commerce made it Europe’s financial capital
- dominated overseas trade
Friday, December 13, 2013
Outposts of Constitutionalism
The Dutch Republic:
- formal independence from Spain in 1648
- provinces controlled by rich merchants called regents
- chief exec. was called the Stadholder - almost always a prince of the House of Orange
- thriving commerce made it Europe’s financial capital
- dominated overseas trade
- decline resulted from trade wars w/ England, growing adherence to strict Calvinism, imitating the French
Friday, December 13, 2013
Dutch Art thrived during this “Golden Age”
- focused on every-day life
- marketed to a growing middle class, rather than just the elite
Vermeer, Girl With the Pearl EarringFriday, December 13, 2013
Rembrandt, Staalmeesters
Friday, December 13, 2013
The Search for Order in Elite & Popular Culture
- John Milton’s Paradise Lost - epic poem about Satan’s fall from grace - involved the concept of challenge to authority, the embracing of moral responsibility of Adam & Eve, & the importance of personal freedom to the human experience
Friday, December 13, 2013
The Search for Order in Elite & Popular Culture
- Milton was a staunch critic of censorship, which was increasingly used by governments to enforce social order - he believed that freedom of thought was essential to human dignity
- John Milton’s Paradise Lost - epic poem about Satan’s fall from grace - involved the concept of challenge to authority, the embracing of moral responsibility of Adam & Eve, & the importance of personal freedom to the human experience
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
Baroque:
Classicism:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
Classicism:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
- used by Church to impose awe on beholders
Classicism:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
- used by Church to impose awe on beholders- Bernini - famous architect/sculptor who worked for the papacy
Classicism:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
- used by Church to impose awe on beholders- Bernini - famous architect/sculptor who worked for the papacy
Classicism:
- reflected the ideas of ancient Greece & Rome
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
- used by Church to impose awe on beholders- Bernini - famous architect/sculptor who worked for the papacy
Classicism:
- reflected the ideas of ancient Greece & Rome- geometric shapes, order, symmetry, harmony of lines
Friday, December 13, 2013
Art & Order
- invoked intense emotion, usually religious & spiritual
Baroque:
- used by Church to impose awe on beholders- Bernini - famous architect/sculptor who worked for the papacy
Classicism:
- reflected the ideas of ancient Greece & Rome- geometric shapes, order, symmetry, harmony of lines
- popular in France
Friday, December 13, 2013
The Clever Pup - Jacque-Louis David
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Women’s Roles:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- salons - informal gatherings held by prominent women to discuss love, literature, & philosophy
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Women’s Roles:
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- salons - informal gatherings held by prominent women to discuss love, literature, & philosophy
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Women’s Roles:
- served as launch pads for budding authors
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- salons - informal gatherings held by prominent women to discuss love, literature, & philosophy
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Women’s Roles:
- served as launch pads for budding authors- women began to write & perform at them
Friday, December 13, 2013
Women & Manners
Cultivation of Manners:
- salons - informal gatherings held by prominent women to discuss love, literature, & philosophy
- Through clothing, style, & behavior, nobility attempted to separate themselves from the lower classes
- they rejected popular festivals & entertainment, & turned to private theater & playwrights for lessons in elite etiquette
Women’s Roles:
- served as launch pads for budding authors- women began to write & perform at them- male authors, lawyers, playwrights lambasted the women for stepping out of line & invading the intellectual space that was reserved for men
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
- The lower classes resisted, clung to their traditions, administered “street justice” to punish those whose misbehaved
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
Views on Poverty:
- The lower classes resisted, clung to their traditions, administered “street justice” to punish those whose misbehaved
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
Views on Poverty:- Poverty used to induce charitable sympathies
- The lower classes resisted, clung to their traditions, administered “street justice” to punish those whose misbehaved
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
Views on Poverty:- Poverty used to induce charitable sympathies
- Church & State authorities came to view the poor as a threat to social order
- The lower classes resisted, clung to their traditions, administered “street justice” to punish those whose misbehaved
Friday, December 13, 2013
Reforming Pop Culture- lower class entertainment took the form of fairs & festivals
- elites tried to separate themselves from these affairs and restrict revelry to instill social discipline- Puritans & Catholics tried to root out religious superstitions (i.e. feast days of saints) by encouraging more orthodox observations
Views on Poverty:- Poverty used to induce charitable sympathies
- Church & State authorities came to view the poor as a threat to social order
- Hospitals & hospices (confraternities) were established to get them off the street
- The lower classes resisted, clung to their traditions, administered “street justice” to punish those whose misbehaved
Friday, December 13, 2013
