What is Output

Slides By Rana Usman SattarStudent Of BBA(Hons)PMAS Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiGmail: ranaa.usman@gmail.comFacebook: usman.shan86@yahoo.com

OUTPUT IS DATA THAT HAS BEEN PROCESSED INTO A USEFUL FORM. THAT IS, COMPUTERS PROCESS DATA ( INPUT) INTO INFORMATION (OUTPUT) . THE FORM OF OUTPUT VARIES, DEPENDING ON THE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE BEING USED AND THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE USER.WHILE WORKING WITH A COMPUTER, A USER ENCOUNTERS FOUR BASIC TYPES OF OUTPUT: TEXT, GRAPHICS, AUDIO, AND VIDEO.

What is Output

Text

Examples of output that primarily contain text are memos, letters, press releases, reports, classified advertisements, envelopes, mailing labels, and text messages.

On the Web,users view and print many other types of text basedoutput. These include blogs, news and magazine articles, books, television show transcripts, stock quotes, speeches, and lectures.

Graphics

Many forms of output include graphics to enhance visual appeal and convey information. Business letters have logos, Reports include charts. Newsletters use drawings, clip art, and photos.

Audio

Users download their favorite songsfrom iTunes and listen to the music whileworking on the computer. Software such as games, encyclopedias, and simulations often have musical accompaniments for entertainmentand audio clips, such as narrations andspeeches, to enhance understanding.

Audio

Web, users tune into radio and televisionstations and listen to audio clips, podcasts,or live broadcasts of interviews, talk shows,sporting events, news, music, and concerts.

Video

As with audio, software and Websites often include video clips to enhanceUnderstanding. Instead of renting a movie, users can

download movie content from a Web site for a fee and then watch the

entire movie on a computer or mobile device.Attaching a video camera to the computerallows users to watch home movies on thecomputer.

Display Devices

A display device, or simply display, is an output

device that visually conveys text, graphics,and video information. Information on a displaydevice, sometimes called soft copy, existselectronically and appears for a temporary

period.Display devices consist of a screen and thecomponents that produce the information onthe screen.

Most mobile computers and devices integrate

the display and other components into thesame physical case.o Traditional notebooko Tablet PCso smart phoneo digital camerao handheld game consoleso display in the dashboard

Types of display devices

A flat-panel displayis a lightweight display device with a shallowdepth and flat screen that typically uses LCD(liquid crystal display) or gas plasma

technology.A CRT monitor is a desktop monitor thatcontains a cathode-ray tube. A cathode-ray

tube (CRT ) is a large, sealed glass tube.

Flat-panel display

LCD monitors LCD screensPlasma monitors

LCD monitors

An LCD monitor is a desktop monitor thatuses a liquid crystal display to produce images.These monitors produce sharp, flicker-freeimages.LCD uses a liquid compound to present

information on a display device.

LCD Quality

The quality of an LCD monitor or LCD screendepends primarily on its resolution, response time, brightness, dot pitch, and contrast ratio.

Resolution is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device.

Response time of an LCD monitor or screen is the time in milliseconds (ms) that it takes to turn a pixel on or off.

Brightness of an LCD monitor or LCD screen is measured in nits. A nit is a unit of visible light intensity equal to one candela (formerly called candlepower) per square meter.

Dot pitch sometimes called pixel pitch, is thedistance in millimeters between pixels on adisplay device. Text created with a smaller

dotpitch is easier to read.Contrast ratio describes the difference in

lightintensity between the brightest white anddarkest black that can be displayed on anLCD monitor.

Graphics Chips, Ports, and LCD Monitors

Standard Monitor port

S- Video portDVI

A DVI (Digital Video Interface) port enables digital signals to transmit directly to the LCD monitor. An HDMI (High-Definition Media Interface)port combines DVI with high-definition (HD)television and video. They also have a standard monitor port and

an S-video port, allowing users to connect external analog devices such as a television, DVD/Blu-ray Disc player, or video recorder, to the computer.

Plasma Monitors

A plasma monitor is a display device thatuses gas plasma technology, which sandwiches a layer of gas between two glass plates. When voltage is applied, the gas releases ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light causes the pixels on the screen to glow and form an image.

CRT Monitors

A CRT monitor is a desktop monitor thatcontains a cathode-ray tube . A cathode-ray tube (CRT ) is a large, sealed glasstube. The front of the tube is the screen. Tinydots of phosphor material coat the screenon a CRT. Inside the CRT, an electron beammoves back and forth across the back of thescreen. This causes the dots on the front ofthe screen to glow, which produces an imageon the screen.

Display Screens

Printers

A printer is an output device that producestext and graphics on a physical medium suchas paper. Printed information, called hard copy, exists physically and is a more permanent form of

output than that presented on a display Device (soft opy). A hard copy, also called a printout, is either inportrait or landscape orientation.

Impact Printers

An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper. Impact printers characteristically are noisy because of this striking activity. Companies may use impact printers for routine jobs such as printing labels. Impact printers are ideal for printing multipart forms because they easily print through many layers of paper. Dot matrix Daisy wheel Line Printer

Nonimpact Printers

A nonimpact printer forms characters andgraphics on a piece of paper without actuallystriking the paper. Some spray ink, while

othersuse heat or pressure to create images. Commonly used nonimpact printers areink-jet printers, photo printers, laser printers,thermal printers, mobile printers, label andpostage printers, plotters, and large-formatprinters.

Ink-Jet Printers

An ink-jet printer is a type of nonimpactprinter that forms characters and graphics byspraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece ofpaper. Ink-jet printers have become a popular type of color printer for use in the home. Ink-jet printers also print on other materials such as envelopes, labels, index cards, greeting card paper (card stock), transparencies, and iron-on T-shirt transfers. Many ink-jet printers include software for creating greeting cards, banners, business cards, and letterhead.

Ink-Jet Printers

Laser Printers

A laser printer is a high-speed, high-quality nonimpact printer. Laser printers are available in both black-and-white and color models. Laser printers print text and graphics in high-quality resolutions, usually 1200 dpi for black-and-white printers and up to 2400 dpi for color printers. Depending on the quality, speed, and type of laser printer, the cost ranges from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars for the home and small office user, and several hundred thousand dollars for the large business user. Laser printers use software that enables them to interpret a page description language (PDL), which tells the printer how to arrangethe contents of a printed page.

Photo Printers

A photo printer is a color printer that produces photo-lab-quality pictures

Many photo printers use ink-jet technologyMost photo printers are PictBridge enabled,

so that you can print photos without a computer.

Photo printers also usually have a built-in card slot(s) so that the printer can print digital photos directly from a memory card.

Multifunction Peripherals

A multifunction peripheral (MFP), alsocalled an all-in-one device, is a single devicethat looks like a printer or a copy machine

butprovides the functionality of a printer,

scanner,copy machine, and perhaps a fax machine

Thermal Printers

A thermal printer generates images bypushing electrically heated pins against heat Sensitive paper. Basic thermal printers are inexpensive, but the

print quality is low and the images tend to fade over

time. Professional applications requiring high image quality, such as photography studios, medical labs, and security identification systems

Mobile Printers

A mobile printer is a small, lightweight, battery-powered

printer that allows a mobile user to print from a notebook

computer, smart phone, or other mobile device while traveling Mobile printers mainly use ink-jet, thermal, thermal wax-transfer, or dye-sublimation technology. Many of these printers connect to a USB port. Others have a built-in wireless port through which they Communicate with the computer wirelessly.

Label and Postage Printers

A label printer is a small printer that prints

on an adhesive-type material (Figure 6-23)that can be placed on a variety of items suchas envelopes, packages, optical discs, photos, filefolders, and toys. Most label printers also printbar codes. Label printers typically use thermaltechnology. A postage printer is a special type of labelprinter that prints postage stamps. Some havebuilt-in digital scales for weighing letters andpackages.

Plotters and Large-Format Printers

Plotters are sophisticated printers used to produce high-quality drawings such as blueprints, maps, and circuit diagrams. These printers are used in specialized fields such asengineering and drafting and usually are very costly. Using ink-jet printer technology, but on a much larger

scale, a large-format printer creates photo-realistic-quality color prints. Graphic artists use these high-cost, high performanceprinters for signs, posters, and other professional quality displays

Plotters and Large-Format Printers

Speakers, Headphones, and Ear buds

An audio output device is a component of acomputer that produces music, speech, or Other sounds, such as beeps. Three commonly used audio output devices are SpeakersHeadphonesEar buds

Data Projectors

A data projector is a device that takes thetext and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen so that an audience can see the image clearly.