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Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

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Page 1: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary
Page 2: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

OverviewOverview

• Background• Current constellation status• Constellation performance• GPS modernization • Summary

Page 3: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS as an EnablerGPS as an Enabler • Aviation Direct Routing• Financial Transactions• Rail Capacity and Safety• Hazmat Tracking• Harbor Approaches• E911 Technology• Agricultural Productivity• Homeland Security• Emergency Response• Communication Capacity• Timing Standard• Space Operations

“GPS is rapidly becoming an integral component of the emerging Global Information Infrastructure, with applications ranging from mapping and surveying to international air traffic management and global change research.” – Presidential Decision Directive (NSTC)-6, March 1996

GPS is Critical to U.S. Economic, GPS is Critical to U.S. Economic, Transportation and Safety Programs Transportation and Safety Programs

Comm.& Timing

E911

Maritime

Commerce

Navigationand

Tracking

Aviation

Railroads

Power Grids

Space

Search &Rescue

Page 4: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

YELLOWLAND

ORANGELAND

UAVsUAVs

GPS as an EnablerGPS as an Enabler• Targets hit – one weapon-one target• Distributed network time synch• Maintain ISR “on-station” orbits• Hot handoff between weapon and munitions• Refueling ops to maintain 24/7• Pre-positioned strike packages• Target positions identified/geo-rectified• Fused multiple sensor-data• Synchronized target data hand-off• Space and air sensors tasked to search GPS grids• Orbiting shooters directed toward targets, initial target position

data provided en-route• Shooter mission profile, SMBs updated with final target

coordinates

GPS is Also Critical to US and GPS is Also Critical to US and Coalition Military OperationsCoalition Military Operations

ABCCCABCCC

AWACSAWACS ISR PlatformsISR Platforms

AOC AOC ForwardForward

Page 5: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS PolicyGPS PolicyPresidential Decision Directive, 1996Presidential Decision Directive, 1996

• Recognized dual use nature of GPS– Enhances effectiveness of US and allied forces– Rapidly expanding civil, commercial market

• Interagency responsibilities for Department of Defense, Transportation and State

• Provided guidelines to operate and manage GPS– Encourage acceptance of GPS into peaceful civil, commercial and

scientific applications – Promote safety and efficiency in transportation– Encourage private investment in/use of GPS– Strengthen and maintain national security– Promote international cooperation in using GPS for peaceful

purposes

Page 6: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Constellation StatusConstellation Status

• 28 satellites on-orbit– 20 Block II/IIA satellites

– 8 Block IIR satellites

• GPS IIR-9 launched 31 Mar 03

• Next launch is scheduled, GPS IIR-10, Jul 03

• Three additional launches planned for FY2004– GPS IIR-11, GPS IIR-12,

GPS IIR-M1

Page 7: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Constellation PerformanceConstellation PerformanceExceeding requirements!Exceeding requirements!

All Errors Based on Dual Frequency, Signal in Space Only. Information Presented Reflects Data Collected During the Period from January 1, 2003 to

February 4,2003. Thresholds Provided Reflect Average Location Requirements from SPS Signal Specification Dated October, 2001.

PDOP Availability:•Requirement - PDOP of 6 or Less, 98% of the Time or Better•Actual - 99.96408%

Horizontal Service Availability•Requirement - 95% Threshold of 36 meters, 99% of the Time or Better•Actual – 3.25 meters

Vertical Service Availability•Requirement - 95% Threshold of 77 meters, 99% of the Time or Better•Actual – 4.7 meters

User Range Error•Requirement - 6 meters or Less, Constellation Average•Actual - 1.34 meters

Page 8: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Block IIA/IIRBlock IIA/IIR

Block IIIBlock IIIBlock IIR-M, IIFBlock IIR-M, IIFEvolutionary AcquisitionEvolutionary Acquisition:• Navigation Surety - Increased AJ power

- Increased security• Increased Accuracy• Assured Availability• Controlled Integrity• System Survivability• 1st Launch FY12

IIR-MIIR-M: IIA/IIR capabilities plus• 2nd Civil Signal• Earth coverage Military Code• 1st Launch 4QFY04

IIFIIF: IIR-M capability plus• 3rd Civil Signal on L5• 1st Launch 4QFY06

• Basic GPS• Std Service (16-24m SEP)

• Single frequency (L1)• C/A code navigation

• Precise Service (16m SEP)• Two frequencies (L1&L2)• P-code navigation

Flex Power upgrade adds ability to increase power on both P and M-Code signals to defeat low level enemy jamming

Increasing System Capabilities Increasing Defense/ Civil Benefit

GPS Modernization At-A-GPS Modernization At-A-GlanceGlance

Page 9: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS Modernized Signal GPS Modernized Signal Evolution Evolution

• C/A: Coarse acquisition• P(Y): Precise, encrypted military signal• L2: Adding C/A-type code• L1 & L2: Adding new military signal (M-Code)• L5: Adding civil “safety of life” signal

L2 L1L5

P(Y)

C/A

P(Y)Present Signal

Modernized IIR

Block III, w/Spot Beam

C/A

C/A

P(Y)

P(Y)

C/A

C/A

P(Y)

M

P(Y)

1176 Mhz

M

P-like

Modernized IIF P(Y)

M C/A

P(Y)

MP-like C/A

M M

1227 Mhz 1575 Mhz

Page 10: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

SystemCapabilityObjectives

Space Segment

Control Segment

User Equipment

1802 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19FY

M-Code (IIR-M / IIF) Launches

Heritage Launches

SAASM Capable

Full M-Code Capable

1st IIR-M 1st IIF

Development DT&E

SAASM UE Production / Platform Installs

M-Code andHi-Power Capable

Development Test

Production / Platform Installs

1st GPS III

Code AIT System Test

GPS III LaunchesR&D Launches

1st Ops Launch

Development DT&E

M-Code UE Development

Inc

rea

sin

g %

Fie

ldin

g

SAASM UEAvailable

Hi-Power-MIC

L5FOC

V 5.5

SAASM IOC SAASMOA

M-Code/L2C FOC

1st MUE ready for Production / Integration

1st Platform(CSEL)

L5IC

R&D

M-Code/L2C IC

Hi-Power-MFOC

GPS IIIA OCS

Legacy V 5.2 V 6.0

1st Prototype

GPSGPSEnterprise Perspective ScheduleEnterprise Perspective Schedule

AIT – Assembly, Integration, & TestingCSEL – Combat Survivor Evader Locator MUE – M-code User EquipmentSAASM – Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module

Page 11: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS IIR-M DescriptionGPS IIR-M Description

• Modernized Signals• L1 C/A, L2C, • L1, L2 P(Y)• L1, L2 M-Code • Flex Power

• Design Life• 10 Years

• 3 Rubidium Clocks• 8 IIR-M Satellites

• 1st launch 4QFY04

IMPROVED SECURITY & ANTI-JAMIMPROVED SECURITY & ANTI-JAM

Page 12: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS IIF DescriptionGPS IIF Description

• Modernized SignalsL1 C/A, L2CL1, L2 P(Y)L1, L2 M-Code L5 New Civil SignalFlex Power

• Design Life12 Years

• 2 Rubidium and1 Cesium Clocks

• 12-16 IIF Satellites1st Launch 4QFY06

IMPROVED ACCURACY, SECURITY & ANTI-JAMIMPROVED ACCURACY, SECURITY & ANTI-JAM

Page 13: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS III DescriptionGPS III Description

Second Civil Signal

Maintain Space UserService

Third Civil Signal

1 ON 3menu

2

Rockwell

4 5 6

7 WPT

8 POS

9 NAV

CLRMARK

0 OFF

NUM LOCK

FIX FOM 1N 42* 01” 46.12”W 091* 38’ 54.36”EL + 00862 ft

ZEROIZE

The GPS IIISystem

• Assure the ability to separate, both spatially and spectrally, military and civil capabilities

– High power in a focused areafocused area

– Modernized signal architecture

• Re-look at entire GPS Architecture to:

– Achieve long term GPS performance goals

– Reduce long term total ownership costs

• Ensure best GPS system for the nationfor the next 30 years

• Program plan in-work for DoD approval

• Assure the ability to separate, both spatially and spectrally, military and civil capabilities

– High power in a focused areafocused area

– Modernized signal architecture

• Re-look at entire GPS Architecture to:

– Achieve long term GPS performance goals

– Reduce long term total ownership costs

• Ensure best GPS system for the nationfor the next 30 years

• Program plan in-work for DoD approval

Page 14: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS Monitor Stations

L-Band

GPS Ground Antennas

S-Band

Backup Master Control Station (BUMCS)

LMMDS, Gaithersburg, MD

Schriever AFB, CO

• Crew Training Emulator

Vandenberg AFB, CA

• Transportable Ground Antenna• Test Assets

Cape Canaveral, FL

• Master Control Station (MCS)

• Integrated Mission Ops Support Center

• Operational Support System

• AFSCN Command and Control Segment (CCS)

ASCENSION DIEGO GARCIA

HAWAIICAPE CANAVERAL

KWAJALEIN

GAITHERSBURGVANDENBERG

COLORADO SPRINGS

Navstar GPS - Operational Control SegmentNavstar GPS - Operational Control Segment

Current System DescriptionCurrent System Description

Page 15: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

GPS Monitor Stations NIMA Monitor

Stations

GPS Ground Antennas

Alternate Master Control Station (AMCS)

VAFB, CA• Crew Training Emulator • System Simulator (AMCS)

Vandenberg AFB, CA

• Transportable Ground Antenna• Test Assets

• System Telecom Simulator (IIF)

Cape Canaveral, FL

• New Master Control Station (NMCS)• Improved operator interfaces• IIR-M and IIF capabilities

• Integrated Mission Ops Support Center

• Operational Support System

• GPS Support Facility

• Launch and Early Orbit, Anomaly Resolution and Disposal Operations (LADO) System

• System Simulator (crew training)

Navstar GPS - Operational Control SegmentNavstar GPS - Operational Control Segment Future System DescriptionFuture System Description

L-Band S-Band

Schriever AFB, CO

Page 16: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Summary Summary

• Sustaining constellation performance– Launching ~3 per year– Keeping 2 launch-ready

• Modernizing by adding new signals and capabilities beginning next year

• Planning to execute for the next generation

GPS is a global utility – Department of Defense is committed to responsible stewardship

Page 17: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Back Up Back Up

Page 18: Overview Background Current constellation status Constellation performance GPS modernization Summary

Modernization Baseline (IIRM/IIF)

Requirement: ICD-GPS-200 requires minimum received power as measured by +3dB linear antenna with an assumed 2 dB atmospheric loss and other at End-of-LifeMeasured: Average RHCP received power at 5 degrees elevation across all satellites within block

-160.4/-160.2/-161.1-166L2 C/A

-157.7/-156.9/-156.9-160L1 C/A

Measured Performance (dBW)

(II/IIA/IIR)

Signal ChannelSignal Channel

Block II/IIA/IIR Baseline

 -153-154L5 Composite (IIF only)

 -159.3/-157.7-160L2 L2C

-157.5/-156.1-157.7L1 C/A

Expected Performance (dBW)

Requirement(dBW)

Signal Channel

Requirement: Based average RHCP received power at 5 degree elevation with an assumed 0.5 dB atmospheric loss (Compliance to ICD 200 still required)