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CAULIFLOWER (Brassica oleracea L., Botrytis Group)
I. Climatic and Soil Requirements
In general, cauliflower requires more fertile soil than cabbage. It is normally grown in upland areas with elevation of about 1,000 meters for optimum growth and flower development. There are heat-resistant varieties developed for lowland planting.
There are three main groups of cauliflower classified according to curd development: a. those which will form curd and flower in hot weather conditions at fairly low elevation, or the early type; b. those that require cool conditions, or the medium type; and c. those that take a long time to develop curds and also require relatively low temperature of below 25°C for curd development (or the late-maturing type). At temperatures that exceed 25°C, curds may discolor, become loose and leafy. Long hot weather encourages the production of small hard curds.
Optimum soil pH is 6.2 to 7.0. Agricultural lime should be applied if the soil is too acidic.
II. Varieties Developed by Known-You Seed Co. of Taiwan
Cultivar
Days from
transplant
Plant Head shape
Head color
Weight
(kg)Features
Farmers Extra Early
45Slightly spreadin
gFine
beads white 0.6 Heat-tolerant
Farmers Early No. 2
60 erect Tall head white 1.3
Suitable for autumn planting
Fengshan
Extra Early
45 spreading
Medium
headwhite 0.5
Early, suitable for
autumn planting
III. Seedling Care and Transplanting
Seeds are sown in seedling trays with Growell medium and transplanted to rows 60-75 cm apart between rows, and 45-60 cm apart between plants. Approximately 500 grams of seed is required to establish a crop density of 18,000 plants per hectare.
The seedlings must be sufficiently watered several hours before transplanting. This is to ensure that the roots of the seedlings will hold as much soil/medium as possible, and to prevent wilting during transplanting. WATER THE SEEDLINGS AFTER TRANSPLANTING.lV. Land Preparation Plow and clean the planting area and make a flat bed on sandy soils and a raised bed in sandy loam or clay soils. Use 1 m bed , 0.5 m canal. The bed should be 15-20 cm high above the fertilized level. Use Agri + Plas silver-black plastic mulch to cover prepared plots. Vl. Fertilization for Every 20 Linear Meter Bed
2 sacks of Organic Matter 150 g Boron3 kilos Complete fertilizer 2 kgs Calcuim Nitrate150 g Magnesium 150 g Furadan
Though Furadan is not a fertilizer, it is recommended to apply it as basal to control nematodes.
Drenching Schedule
Weeks after transplanting Calcium Nitrate Complete
1 75 -2 150 -3 225 -4 75 -5 - 756 - 1507 - 2258 - 300
The above fertilizer is measured in grams and dissolved in 16 Liters of water. Apply 150 ml per plant
Vl. Irrigation
Cauliflower is a shallow-rooted crop. Therefore, irrigation should be frequently applied to prevent the plants from injuries caused by dry soil. Drainage must be well-provided especially on rainy days. Do not keep the roots soaked in water.
VIl. Pruning
It is necessary to remove the side shoots as soon as possible to improve the yield and quality of the curds.Vlll. Pest and Diseases Pest and Diseases Control Army worm Ascend Cut worm Decis White Fly Lannate Stem rot Reedem Leaf spot Dithane
VIll. Harvest
Curds of cauliflower can be harvested 60 to 120 days from transplanting, depending on the cultivar grown. Early, medium and late-maturing cultivars are available in many areas.
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Farmers Extra Early F1 Hybrid Cauliflower from Known-You Seed Co. of Taiwan
HARBEST AGRIBUSINESS CORPORATIONNo. 5 Rosemarie Lane, Brgy. Kapitolyo, Pasig CityTel. No. 6717411 to 14 Fax No. (02) 6712232
email: [email protected] / [email protected]
