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Patient/Casualty Handling Marlon Bernardo, RN Centro Escolar University

Patient Casualty Handling

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Page 1: Patient Casualty Handling

Patient/Casualty

Handling

Marlon Bernardo, RN

Centro Escolar University

Page 2: Patient Casualty Handling

Learning ObjectivesAt the end of this lecture demonstration, you should be able to:

Define emergency rescue, including its indications and

methods.

Identify the factors to be considered in the selection or

choosing the transfer method.

Discuss pointers to be observed during transfer.

Demonstrate methods of transfer: one-man, two-man, three-

man, and four-man assist/carries/drags.

Page 3: Patient Casualty Handling
Page 4: Patient Casualty Handling

Emergency Rescue

is a rapid movement of patient from

unsafe place to a place of safety.

Page 5: Patient Casualty Handling

Indications for Emergency Rescue

1. Danger of fire or explosion.

2. Danger of toxic gases or asphyxia due to lack of

oxygen.

3. Serious traffic hazards.

4. Risk of drowning.

5. Danger of electrocution.

6. Danger of collapsing walls.

Page 6: Patient Casualty Handling

Methods of Rescue

1. For immediate rescue without any assistance, drag or

pull the victim.

2. Most of the one-man drags/carries and other transfer

methods can be used as methods of rescue.

Transfer is moving a patient from one place

to another after giving first aid.

Page 7: Patient Casualty Handling

1. Nature and severity of injury.

2. Size of the victim.

3. Physical capabilities of the first aider.

4. Number of personnel and equipment available.

5. Nature of evacuation route.

6. Distance to be covered.

7. Sex of the victims. (last consideration)

Factors to be considered in the selection or

choosing the transfer method:

Page 8: Patient Casualty Handling

1. Victim’s airway must be maintained open.

2. Hemorrhage is controlled.

3. Victim is safely maintained in the correct position.

4. Regular check of the victim’s condition is made.

5. Supporting bandages and dressing remain effectively

applied.

Pointers to be observed during transfer:

Page 9: Patient Casualty Handling

6. The method of transfer is safe, comfortable and as speedy as

circumstances permit.

7. The patient’s body is moved as one unit.

8. The taller first aiders stay at the head of the victim.

9. First aiders/bearers must observed ergonomics

in lifting and moving of patient.

Page 10: Patient Casualty Handling

1. One-man assist/carries/drags

Methods of Transfer

- Assist to Walk - Fireman’s Drag

- Carry in Arms (cradle) - Blanket Drag

- Pack Strap Carry - Armpit/Shoulder Drag

- Piggy Back Carry - Cloth Drag

- Fireman’s Carry - Feet Drag

- Inclined Drag (head first- passing

a stairway)

Page 11: Patient Casualty Handling

Assist to Walk

Ma’am/Sir, I will assist

you to sit in the count of

three. Please cooperate…

One, two, three…

Ma’am/Sir, I will assist

you to stand in the count of

three. Please cooperate…

One, two, three…

Page 12: Patient Casualty Handling

This only works with a child or a

very light person.

Carry in Arms

(One-Person Lift)

Page 13: Patient Casualty Handling

This technique is for

carrying a victim longer

distances. It is very

difficult to get the

person up to this

position from the

ground. Getting the

victim into position

requires a very strong

rescuer or an assistant.

Fireman’s Carry

Page 14: Patient Casualty Handling

When injuries make the

firefighter carry unsafe,

this method is better for

longer distances than the

one-person lift.

Pack-Strap Carry

Page 15: Patient Casualty Handling

Piggyback Carry

Page 16: Patient Casualty Handling

Fireman’s Drag

Page 17: Patient Casualty Handling

The feet drag (ankle pull) is the fastest method for moving a

victim a short distance over a smooth surface. This is not a

preferred method of patient movement.

Feet Drag

Page 18: Patient Casualty Handling

Cloth Drag

Page 19: Patient Casualty Handling

The armpit/shoulder

drag (shoulder pull) is

preferred to the ankle

pull. It supports the

head of the victim.

The negative is that it

requires the rescuer to

bend over at the waist

while pulling.

Armpit/Shoulder

Drag

Page 20: Patient Casualty Handling

Inclined Drag

Page 21: Patient Casualty Handling

This is the preferred method for dragging a victim.

Blanket Drag

Page 22: Patient Casualty Handling

2. Two-man assist/carries

- Assist to Walk

- Four-hand Seat

- Fireman’s Carry with Assistance

- Hands as a Litter

- Carry by Extremities

Page 23: Patient Casualty Handling

For the conscious victim, this

carry allows the victim to

swing their leg using the

rescuers as a pair of crutches.

For the unconscious victim, it

is a quick and easy way to

move a victim out of

immediate danger.

Assist to Walk/

Human Crutch/

Two-Person Drag

Page 24: Patient Casualty Handling

This technique is for carrying

conscious and alert victims

moderate distances. The victim

must be able to stand

unsupported and hold themselves

upright during transport.

Four-Hand Seat

Page 25: Patient Casualty Handling

This technique is for carrying a

victim longer distances. This

technique can support an

unconscious victim.

Hands as a Litter

(Two-handed Seat)

Page 26: Patient Casualty Handling

This is a good method for

carrying victims up and

down stairs or through

narrow or uneven areas.

Chair Carry

Page 27: Patient Casualty Handling

Carry by Extremities

Page 28: Patient Casualty Handling

Fireman’s Carry with Assistance

Page 29: Patient Casualty Handling

3. Three-man carries

- Bearer’s Alongside (for narrow alleys)

- Hammock Carry

Page 30: Patient Casualty Handling

COMMAND USED IN 2 OR MORE RESCUERS

Preparatory Executory

• Ready to kneel …….…………………… Kneel

• Hands over the patient………………….. Move

• Ready to insert………………………….. Insert

• Patient on your knees, ready to lift ……... Lift

• Patient’s body press to the chest……… .. Press

Page 31: Patient Casualty Handling

Preparatory Executory

• Ready to stand…………………………. Stand

• Face the Leg/Head …………………….. Move

• Ready to walk, inner foot first………… Walk

• Ready to stop…………………………… Stop

• Face center……………………………… Move

• On your knees and rest…………………. Kneel

• Ready to unload………………………… Unload

Page 32: Patient Casualty Handling

Reminders

All team members must answer “ready” after the

leader gives preparatory command. Likewise,

leader shall only give the executory command

for all members who answered “ready.”

Page 33: Patient Casualty Handling

Bearer’s Alongside (for narrow alleys)

Page 34: Patient Casualty Handling

Three or more rescuers get on

both sides of the victim. The

strongest member is on the side

with the fewest rescuers.

Hammock Carry

(for wide spaces)

Page 35: Patient Casualty Handling

4. Four-man Carries and with the use of Equipment

- Four-Man Hammock Carry

- Blanket Carry

- Commercial Stretcher

Page 36: Patient Casualty Handling

Four-Man

Hammock Carry

Page 37: Patient Casualty Handling

This technique is for lifting a

patient into a bed or stretcher,

or for transporting them short

distances.

Blanket Lift

Page 38: Patient Casualty Handling

Stretcher Lift

Page 39: Patient Casualty Handling

References

The Philippine National Red Cross (2007). Participant’s Workbook:

Standard First Aid. Philippine Copyright, 1999

CERT Los Angeles Lifts and Carries (2001). [Accessed online]

http://www.certla.com/liftcarry/Liftcarry.htm