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8/13/2019 pensamiento checo

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CZECH PHILOSOPHY IN THE XXTH CENTURY.Czech PhilosophicalStudies, II. edited !

LU"O#R NO$% &I '("RIEL &(ROSL($ HROCH

CHAPTER II

MASARYK'S CONTRIBUTION TO

THE FORMATION OF VALUES IN

THE CZECH NATIONAL CONSCIOUS

NESS

Tom Garrigu Ma!ar"#$ %& C (& )&i*o!o)& r$ !o(io*ogi!% a+, )o*i%i(ia+-./012.3456$ i! o+ o7 %& ( +%ra* 7igur ! i+ %& g + ra* (u*%ura* &i!%or" o7mo, r+ C (&o!*o8a#ia9 H )*a" , a+ a(%i8 a+, im)or%a+% ro* i+ %&, (i!i8 &i!%ori(a* ) rio,! o7 %& Au!%ro2Hu+garia+ Mo+ar(&"$ %& Fir!% :or*,:ar$ a+, %& ar*" " ar! o7 %& C (&o!*o8a# R )u;*i(9 I+,ir (%*"$ %&roug&&i! *a!%i+g i+% ** (%ua* * ga("$ &i! i+7*u +( / a+, %& No8 m; r R 8o*u%io+ o7 .3/39

THE FOUR RETURNS OF MASARYK

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Ma!ar"#'! )&i*o!o)&" -?a! & +o% a %&i+# r o7 %& +i+ % +%& ( +%ur" ?&om%& (o+7*i(%! o7 %& %? +%i %& ( +%ur" r +, r , i+ 77 (%i8 6$ a+, %&


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ma+(i)a% %& C (& +a%io+ ?i%&i+ %& Au!%ro2Hu+garia+ Mo+ar(&"9 A7% r, (a, ! o7 !%rugg* %o , 8 *o) ;o%& +a%io+a* *i7 ?i%&i+ %& mo+ar(&" a! a)ro7 !!or o7 %& C (& a% C&ar* ! U+i8 r!i%" i+ Pragu a+, a m m; r o7Au!%ro2Hu+garia+ Par*iam +%$ Ma!ar"# , (i, , %o * a8 %& (ou+%r" i+ or, r%o 7ig&% agai+!% %& mo+ar(&" a% %& 8 r" ; gi++i+g o7 :or*, :ar I i+ .3.=9

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S 8 ra* ?a8 ! o7 , !%a*i+i a%io+$ !%r +g%& +i+g gra,ua**" u+, r %&)r !!ur o7 %& (ru *


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MASARYK'S INTELLECTUAL HORIZONS

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)& +om +o+ o7 Ru!!ia i+ g + ra* i+ r *a%io+ %o Euro) 9

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T9G9 MASARYK -./012.3456 A! &a! a*r a," ; + m +%io+ ,$ %& ?or# o7 T9G9Ma!ar"#$ 7ormu*a% , i+ i%! ;a!i( ou%*i+ i+ %& ) rio, o7 %& (ri!i! o7 C (&!o(i %" a% %& %ur+ o7 %& ( +%ur"$ a+, , 8 *o) , i+ %& ) rio, ; 7or :or*,:ar I$ i! o7 # " im)or%a+( i+ %& 7orma%io+ o7 C (& )&i*o!o)&" o7 %&%? +%i %& ( +%ur"9 Ma!ar"#'! r 7ormi!% (o+( )% o7 )o*i%i(a* a+, !o(ia*)ro;* m!$ %& 7a(% %&a% & , 7 +, , %& )riori%" o7 a r 8o*u%io+ o7 & a,!a+, & ar%! $ &i! a%%i%u, %o %& !o(ia* (ri!i! a! a (ri!i! o7 ma+ a+, &i!: *%a+!(&auu+g22a** %&i! (ou*, +o% ;u% ; (*o! %o %& a%%i%u, ! o7 C (&Pro% !%a+%i!m a% %&a% %im 9 I+ %&i! ?a" Pro% !%a+%i!m !u((um; , %o %&g + ra* i+7*u +( o7 Ma!ar"#9 T& !o(ia* )a%% r+ o7 %& m m; r! o7 %&Pro% !%a+% (&ur(& !$ ; i+g mo!%*" %& mi,,* (*a!! !$ (r a% , a 7a8ora;*grou+, 7or %& Ma!ar"#'! i+7*u +( o+ %&i! mi*i u9-=36

Som o7 Ma!ar"#'! ) r!o+a* %i ! ?i%& Pro% !%a+%i!m )*a" , a ro* 9 I+ &i!"ou%&$ Ma!ar"# ?a! a+ ar, +% Ca%&o*i( ;roug&% u) u+, r %& i+7*u +( o7

Ca%&o*i( )ri !%! &o? 8 r$ & !o*8 , &i! r *igiou! ,ou;%! ;" (o+8 r%i+g %o8a+g *i!m9 T&i! , (i!io+ &a, a*!o ; + mo%i8a% , ;" &i! ,i!(u!!io+! ?i%&%& 8a+g *i(a* (* rg"ma+$ F r,i+a+, C !a$ a+, &i! a(@uai+%a+( ?i%&Pro% !%a+%! a+, ?i%& Pro% !%a+% %& o*og" ,uri+g &i! !%u,i ! i+ L i) ig9 ui%o;8iou!$ %oo$ i! %& i+7*u +( o7 Ma!ar"#'! ?i7 $ a+ Am ri(a+ U+i%aria+9N 8 r%& * !!$ i+ or, r %o r *a% %& )&i*o!o)&" o7 Ma!ar"# %o %& )&i*o!o)&"o7 C (& Pro% !%a+%i!m$ i% ?i** ; + ( !!ar" %o !) (i7" mor (*o! *" i%!i, o*ogi(a* (o+% +% a+, %o , % rmi+ ?&i(& a!) (%! o7 Ma!ar"#'! %&i+#i+gar , mo+!%ra;*" a!!o(ia% , ?i%& %& i, a! o7 Pro% !%a+%i!m or i+ ?&i(&r !) (% %& ! a77 (% , &im9

T&i! (a+ ; !ai, )ar%i(u*ar*" o7 Ma!ar"#'! )&i*o!o)&" o7 &i!%or" ?&i(&; (am a+ i, o*ogi(a* 7ou+,a%io+ 7or &i! r 7ormi!% )o*i%i(a* (o+( )% a+,?&i(&$ a% %& !am %im $ 7 ** ?i%&i+ %& am;i% o7 %& Pro% !%a+% 8i ? o7 %&&i!%or" o7 mo, r+ %im !9 I+ Ma!ar"#'! ;a!i( &i!%ori(a* a+, )&i*o!o)&i(a* )air!-Pro% !%a+%i!m 2 Ca%&o*i(i!m$ r 7orma%io+ 2 r 8o*u%io+$ , mo(ra(" 2%& o(ra("6$ Pro% !%a+%i!m i! a*?a"! 8a*ua% , a! a+ i+% ** (%ua* mo8 m +%?&i(& !%a+,! o+ %& !i, o7 a mo, r+ ) rma+ +%*" r 7ormi+g , mo(ra(" 9Ma!ar"# , ri8 , &i! mo, r+ %&oug&%$ ?i%& i%! )&i*o!o)&"$ )o*i%i(! a+, 8 +(a)i%a*i!% (o+om"$ 7rom %& R 7orma%io+ a+, 7rom %& 8o*u%io+ o7Pro% !%a+%i!m i+ %& : !%9 Hi! )r 7 r +( 7or A+g*o2Sa


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7or Pro% !%a+% -i9 9$ i+ Ma!ar"#'! % rmi+o*og"$ E+g*i!& a+, R 7ormi!%6!o(ia*i!m a*!o r 7* (%$ o7 (our! $ a Pro% !%a+% i+7*u +( 9

Ma!ar"#'! )&i*o!o)&" o7 C (& &i!%or" ?a! a*!o 7a8ora;* %o Pro% !%a+%i!mi% )u% i+ %& 7or %& r 7ormi!% * ga(" a+,$ i+ a!!o(ia%io+ ?i%& %&i!$

m)&a!i , %& &uma+i%aria+ a+, r *igiou!2 %&i(a* m a+i+g o7 C (&&i!%or"9 From %&i! & , ri8 , (o+(*u!io+! a;ou% %& + , 7or ) a( 7u*r 7ormi!% %a(%i(! a! (orr !)o+,i+g %o C (& %ra,i%io+!9 I+ &i! (o+( )% o7C (& &i!%or" & r *a% ,$ 7or


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Fur%& r$ r *igio+ !&ou*, ; a !%ro+g mo%io+a*


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)&i*o!o)&i(a* , 8 *o)m +%9 I% ma" ; !%a% , %&a% a7% r %& 7ir!% im)u*!%o?ar, )&i*o!o)&i(a* r 7* (%io+ ?&i(& R,* , ri8 , 7rom %& +a%ura* !(i +( !a+, 7rom *a% +i+ % +%& ( +%ur" (*a!!i(a* )&i*o!o)&i(a* *i% ra%ur $ i% ?a!Ma!ar"#'! r a*i!m %&a% &a, %& !%ro+g !% 77 (%-0=69

R,* oi+ , Ma!ar"# o+ %& 7u+,am +%a* i!!u ! o7 &i! !%a+, agai+!% %&)o!i%i8i!m o7 %& +i+ % +%& ( +%ur"9 :&a% i! %& r *a%io+!&i) ; %? + o+ '!) r!o+a* (o+8i(%io+! o+ ?&i(& o+ !&a) ! o+ '! )ra(%i(a* (o+,u(%$ a+, %&!u)ra) r!o+a*$ o; (%i8 a+, a;!o*u% ?or*, I! )&i*o!o)&" a ) r!o+a*, % rmi+a%io+ or i! i% a+ o; (%i8 #+o?* ,g o7 %& o; (%i8 ?or*,:& r a! Ma!ar"# 7i+a**" r !o*8 , %& % +!io+ ; %? + !u; (%i8i!m a+,

o; (%i8i!m i+ 7a8or o7 a mo, ra% !u; (%i8i!m2o; (%i8i!m$ R,*!&ar) + , mar# ,*" %& % +!io+ i+ ;o%& ,ir (%io+!9 O+ %& o+ &a+,$ & ?a!mor !u; (%i8 %&a+ Ma!ar"#9 I+ &i! !%rugg* agai+!% %& *i; ra* )o!i%i8i!%i((o+( )%io+ o7 a+ u+ +gag , !(i +( 7o**o?i+g %& mo%%o +'im)o! ri +

+ )ro)o! ri + '


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A+ im)or%a+% r !u*% o7 R,*'! 77or%! i! a )&i*o!o)&i(a* , 7 +! o7 r *igio+a+, %& o*og"9 T&a% i! %o !a"$ & oi+ , a +um; r o7 )air! a !u; (%i8(o+( )%io+ o7 %ru%& ?i%& %& ,o(%ri+ o7 a r a*m o7 %ru%& a;o8 ) o)* %&


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I+ %& (o+(*u!io+ %o &i! Hi!%or" o7 P&i*o!o)&" $ R,* m +%io+ , %&,i!i+% gra%io+ a+, ma*a," o7 Euro) a+, )o! , %& @u !%io+ o7 &o? %o !a8(i8i*i a%io+9 I+ %&i! & (o+!i, r , %& o+*" ( r%ai+%" %o *i i+ %& 8oi( 7rom%& !u) r! +!or" %ru!%$ 7ig&%$ & *) %&roug& "ou %& %ru%& ?i** ;8i(%oriou! E8 + i7 8 r"%&i+g ,i!a)) ar!$ ma+'! mi!!io+$ ?&i(& i! +o% o7 %&i!?or*,$ ?i** r mai+9 H !a? %& &uma+ (o+!(i +( )u** , %au% ;" gai+i+ga;!o*u% ,im +!io+!$ !o %&a% i% i! %& *a? ?&i(& o+ )o!! !! ! %&a% ; (om !%& o+*" a;!o*u% $ %& o+*" 8a*i, r a*i%"9 T&i! ?or*, i! a ra+,om %oo* 7or %&i!or,ai+ , mi!!io+ o7 our!9 -0/6

OSEF LUKL HROMQDKA -.//32.3>36

T&i! )romi+ +% r )r ! +%a%i8 o7 C (& Pro% !%a+%i!m$ a+, R,*'!(o**a;ora%or o7 ma+" " ar!$ ?a! a(%i8 )ar%i(u*ar*" i+ %& ) rio,! ; %? +%& %?o ?or*, ?ar!$ ,uri+g :or*, :ar II a+, i+ %& )o!%?ar ) rio,9-036 A! am m; r o7 %& "ou+g r %& o*ogi(a* g + ra%io+ & %ri , %o (o) ?i%& %&o)i+io+! o7 Ma!ar"# a+, R,* a+,$ i+ (o+%ra!% %o %& m$ %o %ra+!7 r %&i+7i+i% *" mor ,rama%i( ;a!i( !o(ia* )ro;* m! %o %& %& o*ogi(a*2)&i*o!o)&i(a* !)& r 9

Hrom,#a r !)o+, , %o %& %ra+!7orma%io+! o7 ?or*, Pro% !%a+% %& o*og"%& %ra,i%io+! o7 *i; ra* Pro% !%a+%i!m a+, %& ir &i!%ori(i i+g a))roa(& ! %o&armo+i i+g mo, r+ !(i +( a+, (u*%ur %& !o2(a** , !o(ia* C&ri!%ia+i%"

+gag , i+ !o*8i+g %& !o(ia* )ro;* m a+, %& %& o*og" o7 (ri!i! o7Bar%&'! !(&oo*$ %o ?&i(& %& a;o8 %ra,i%io+! a+, a%% m)%! a)) ar , %o ;u+,u ! (u*ari a%io+! a+, )u*8 ri a%io+! o7 r *igiou! 7ai%& a+, *i7 9

Hrom,#a ?a! 8 r" (*o! %o %&i! a%%i%u, 9 Hi! + o2or%&o,o


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Hrom,#a a%%a(& , &ig& 8a*u %o Ma!ar"#'! )o*i%i(a* )rogram a+, &i! !%r !!o+ r *igio+ & a(( )% , &i! (ri%i(i!m o7 %& (&ur(&$ ? *(om , &i! 7a8ora;*!%a% m +%! a;ou% Ca%&o*i(i!m$ a+, %& i, a %&a% r *igio+! !&ou*, ;r ,r *igio+ a+, !&ou*, +o% i+% r7 r ?i%& %& !o(io2)o*i%i(a* i!!u !9 Ho? 8 r$ &&a, ma+" r ! r8a%io+! a;ou% Ma!ar"#'! (o+( )%io+ o7 r *igio+ a;ou% a+

u+r 8 a* , a+, +o+2 ((* !ia!%i( r *igio+$ a+, %& , ma+, 7or!"+ rgi!m or (oo) ra%io+ o7 ma+ ?i%& Go,9 H r gar, , &ig&*" Ma!ar"#'!m)&a!i! o+ %&i(! &o? 8 r$ & o; (% , %o %& ,?i+,*i+g o7 r *igio+ i+%o%&i(!$ )&i*o!o)&" a+, )o*i%i(!$ %o ?&i(& r *igio+ ?a! !u;or,i+a% ,9 H

r gar, , Ma!ar"#'! )&i*o!o)&" a! mu(& %oo a+%&ro)o( +%ri( a+, +o% 8 r"7 r%i* r *igiou!*" 9->.6

T&i! i! %& r a!o+ ?&" Hrom,#a %ur+ , agai+!% a** % +, +(i ! %o!u; (%i8i r *igio+$ %o ma# i% a m r )!"(&o*ogi(a* + , or mo%io+a*

6

I+ &i! ;a!i( (o+( )%io+ o7 %ru%& a+, %& r *a%io+!&i) ; %? + )&i*o!o)&"$!(i +( a+, %& o*og"$ Hrom,#a agr , ?i%& R,* %&a% %& ) r!o+a* %ru%&o7 7ai%& a+, %& a;!o*u% %ru%& o7 Go, !%a+, i+ (o+%ra!% %o %& r *a%i8

%ru%& o7 ma+ 9 Ho? 8 r$ & ! )ara% , !(i +( $ a! u+)r u,i( ,$ )ur *"%& or %i(a* %&i+#i+g $ 7rom %& o*og" mor !&ar)*" %&a+ ,i, R,*9 R,*$ %&)&i*o!o)& r$ i! (*o! r %o Ma!ar"# %&a+ Hrom,#a$ %& or%&o,o< %& o*ogia+$?&o ?a! (o+( r+ , )rimari*" ?i%& %& ,i!(r )a+(" ; %? + Go, a+, %&?or*,9 Hrom,#a i+,i(a% , ;ri**ia+%*" &o? %& r a*m o7 r !)o+!i;i*i%"$ %&

(o+!(iou! !)iri%ua* *i7 $ !%a+,! a;o8 %& r a*m o7 +a%ur a+, +a%ura* 8 +%!9


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Ho? 8 r$ R,* a)) ar! %o &a8 i+,i(a% , %& )a%& ?& r !"+%& !i! mig&% ;!oug&%$ %&oug& %&i! i! +o% %o !ugg !% %&a% Hrom,#a #+ ? +o%&i+g a;ou%%&i! )a%&9 T& %& o*ogia+ ,o ! +o% ,i!%i+gui!& ; %? + %& r a*m o7 +a%ura+, %& mi+,$ ;u% ; %? + %& !i+ o7 %& ,i!%ur; , ?or*, a+, %& %ru $origi+a* or, r o7 Go,9 I+ %&i! ?a" %& %& o*ogia+ ma# ! ma+ r !)o+!i;* 7or

8 r"%&i+g a+, ! #! %& 7i+a* !"+%& !i! i+ %& )ri+(i)* o7 r , m)%io+ ;"Go,9->46

I+ r *igio+ !u))or% , ;" %& o*og"$ Hrom,#a !a? %& o+*" m a+! o7i+% ** (%ua* !"+%& !i! ?&i(&$ i+ &i! o)i+io+$ R,*$ , ) +,i+g %oo mu(& o+)&i*o!o)&i(a* m a+!$ &a, +o% !o*8 ,$ a+, ?&i(& Ma!ar"# %oo$ &a, +o%ma+ag , %o !o*8 9 For %&i! r a!o+$ %o %& 8 r" +, & ;*am , Ma!ar"# 7or+o% &a8i+g !u(( , , i+ o8 r(omi+g )o!i%i8i!m a+, +a%ura*i!m$ 8 +%&oug& & &a, * , a )rai! ?or%&" 7ig&% agai+!% %& m9 I+ Hrom,#a'!o)i+io+$ o+*" r *igio+ (a+ r a(& %&a% goa*9

Simi*ar ,i77 r +( ! amo+g Ma!ar"#$ R,* a+, Hrom,#a (a+ ; 7ou+, i+%& ir a))roa(& %o %&i(!9 Ma!ar"# )u% &uma+i!%i( %&i(! i+ %& 7or $

=6 i+ a ,i77i(u*% % +!io+ ; %? +$ o+%& o+ &a+,$ %& , 7 +! o7 %& g +ui+ (&ara(% r a+, i+, ) +, +( o7C&ri!%ia+ 7ai%& a+,$ o+ %& o%& r$ &i! 77or% %o ; ar oi+% r !)o+!i;i*i%" i+ %&?or*, a+, i+ &i! o?+ (ou+%r"9

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AN BLAHOSLAV KOZQK -.///2.35=6

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a%% +%io+ %o )&i*o!o)&" a! ? **$ & ?or# , a! a+ 8a+g *i(a* 8i(ar -.3.12.3.=69 Si+( & 7r @u +%*" ,i!agr , ?i%& %& %ra,i%io+a* or%&o,o56 H a!!um , %&a% ma+(ou*, ,ra? %& gr a% r ( r%ai+%" & + , , 7or , (i!io+2ma#i+g a+,; &a8iour 7rom %& mora*


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!u! i! %&a% %& g +ui+ !)iri%ua* ) r!o+a*i%" ?a! #i** , ;" ! (u*ar )o? r9 T& & ra*, o7 %& !u)r m !)iri%ua* i, a*! ?a! (o+, m+ , ;" %& ?or*, 7u**o7 , )ra8i%" a+, ?a! +ai* , %o %& (ro!!9

T& *i7 a+, , a%& o7 !u! ar


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#+o?* ,g & m +%io+ , a*!o g+o! o*ogi(a* %ra+!( +, +( 69 T&roug& &i!!)iri%$ i+% +%io+! a+, %ra+!( +, +% 8i!io+$ ma+ m a!ur ! %&i+g! +o% o+*" i+%& ir )& +om +a*i%" ;u% i+ %& ir !! +( $ %& r ;" (r a%i+g (o+( )%io+!?&i(& ar i+% +%io+a* ;u% +o% u+o; (%i8 9 A! a r !u*% o7 %& a(%i8i%i ! o7 %&i+,i8i,ua* !)iri% %& ! ma" &a8 ma+" %o)i(a* m a+i+g! ?&i(& ma# %& mr *a%i8 9 T& r 7or $ %ru%& ,o ! +o% *i i+ a &armo+" ; %? + %&i+#i+g a+,8aria;* r a*i%"$ ;u% i+ %& mu%ua* agr m +% o7 %& i+% +%io+a* o; (%!

77 (% ,9 T& r i! +o r a!o+ %o !%o) i, +%i7"i+g %& r !u*%! o7 8ariou!!)iri%ua* i+% +%io+! T&i+#i+g !&ou*, &armo+i i+ i%! *79

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a*r a," )ro7i* , ;" D9 Bo+&o 77 r a+, %ra+!7orm , ;" ma+" o%& r Pro% !%a+%%& o*ogia+!9 T&i! ,i, +o% "i *, %o %& )r !!ur ! o7 a ! (u*ari i+g ?or*,$ ;u%!%ro8 7or a + ?$ (* ar )r ! +%a%io+ o7 C&ri!%ia+i%" i+ %&i! ?or*,9 I+ %&i! ?a"$Ko # (o+%ri;u% , %o %& 7orma%io+ o7 a %ra,i%io+ ?&i(& ?ou*, & *) C (&Pro% !%a+%! %o 7i+, a )o!i%io+ 7rom ?&i(& %& " ?ou*, ; a;* %o a,,r !!i+,i8i,ua*'! )ro;* m! i+ or, r %o 7i+, a ?a" ou% a+, a ,ir (%io+ 7or a** %& ir

77or%! ?&i* $ a% %& !am %im $ )ro8i,i+g 7or a+ a, @ua% 8i ? o7 %& g*o;a*)ro;* m! o7 (o+% m)orar" !o(i %"9

CH(PTER $II

THE METHODOLOGICAL HERITAGEOF CZECH STRUCTURALISM

S%ru(%ura*i!m$ a! a ,i!%i+(%i8 m %&o,o*ogi(a* %& or" i+ !(i +( $ &uma+i%i !a+, )&i*o!o)&"$ ; ga+ %o , 8 *o) i+ %& C (& r gio+ i+ %& mi,2 1! o7 %&i!( +%ur"9 I% , ri8 ! 7rom %& ;roa, (urr +% o7 Euro) a+ !%ru(%ura* %&i+#i+g?&i(& aim , %o o8 r(om %& (ri!i! o7 %ra,i%io+a* m %a)&"!i(! a+,

!u;!%a+( o+%o*og" ;" ?or#i+g ou% %& (a% gori ! o7 !%ru(%ur a+, 7u+(%io+(79 E9 Ca!!ir r$Substanzbegriff und Funktionsbegriff -.3.16$ N9 Har%ma++$Grundzge einer Metaphysik der Erkenntnis -.3 .69 Li# G rma+G i!% !?i!! +!(&a7% a+, & rm + u%i(! o7 +i+ % +%& ( +%ur" - 9G9 Dro"! $:9 Di*%& "6 S%ru(%ura*i!m r (% , %& a%% m)%! o7 )o!i%i8i!m %o a))*" %&*a?! a+, )ri+(i)* ! o7 i+orga+i( +a%ur %o %& !)& r o7 !o(ia* )& +om +a$

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)& +om +o*og"9 I+ &i! R 7* (%io+! o+ Mo, r+ C (& P&i*o!o)&" $-.4.6

;"u!i+g )o!i%i8i!m$ & a%% m)% , %o (o+!%ru(% a 7ram ?or# ?i%& ?&i(& i% ?ou*,; )o!!i;* %o u,g %& + ?27a+g * , % +, +(" %o !%a;*i!& o+%o*og" a+,

)i!% mo*og" a! !) (ia*i , i+, ) +, +% !(i +( ! 9 H (am ou% agai+!%%& )i!% mo*ogi(a* !u; (%i8i!m$ o+%o*ogi(a* r a*i!m a+, !(i +%i7i( i, a*i!m?&i(& mar# , Hu!! r*'! )& +om +o*og"$ ?&i(& & !a? a! , !) ra% *"(om)*i(a%i+g )ro;* m! o7 ; i+g a+, #+o?* ,g ?i%& i%! (o+( )% o7(o+!(iou!+ !!9 Kr (orr (%*" ! ! Hu!! r*'! a)riori!m a! i+ )&i*o!o)&i(a*% +!io+ ?i%& %& , !%ru(%i8 !# )%i(i!m o7 )o!i%i8i!m$ ;u% & r (%! %&a%% m)% %o o8 r(om !# )%i(i!m ;" a Ka+%ia+ *i+ o7 %&i+#i+g9 I+ &i!

r 7* (%io+! o+ Hu!! r*'! (o+( )% o7 %& gi8 +$ & (om ! ;a(# %o %& o)i+io+%&a% )& +om +o*og" ; *o+g! u+, r %& )ri+(i)* o7 %& ;a!i( )ro)o!i%io+!o7 a ;io*ogi(a**" ori +% , )!"(&o*og" %&a% m +%a* a(%io+! ar %& r a*i ,r a(%io+! o7 %& )!"(&o)&"!i(a* i+,i8i,ua* 9

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:i%& (* ar (ri%i(a* ,i!%a+( $ ? (a+ !u))o! %&a% o! 7 T8r,J ,i, +o% ;"(&a+( ?or# &i! ?a" %o a+ u+, r!%a+,i+g o7 %& m a+i+g o7 )& +om +o*og"i+ &i! @ogi"s -.34569 Simi*ar*" i% ?a! !ur *" +o% a (&a+( (o+!i, ra%io+ %&a%* , %o &i! (&oi( o7 %& m ! 7or &i! Pari! (o+%ri;u%io+ i+ %& Co+gr !! o+D !(ar% ! i+ .345 D !(ar% ! a+, C (&o!*o8a# T&oug&% ?& r &&ig&*ig&% , %& r *a%io+!&i) o7 Bo* a+o %o D !(ar% ! amo+g o%& r!9

Hi! *ogi(a* 7ram ?or# +a;* , T8r,J %o gi8 !"!% m %o &i! o)i+io+ o+)& +om +o*og"$ !) (i7i(a**" i%! %& ori ! o7 u,g m +%!$ (o+( )%! a+,(a% gori !$ ?&i* !imu*%a+ ou!*" , 7i+i+g %& *ogi(a* )ri+(i)* ! or (&ara(% ro7 !(i +( a+, i%! ;a!i( )ro)o!i%io+!9 Hi! 8i ? origi+a% , 7rom &i! i+% r !% i+%& r *a%io+! ; %? + !(i +( a+, )&i*o!o)&"9 T&i! 7orm! %& ;a(#grou+, o7&i! 8a*ua%io+ o7 Hu!! r*'! *ogi( a! %& )ur !% 7orm o7 m %a)&"!i(a*% +, +(i ! )i!% mo*ogi(a**" a+, *ogi(a**" a+, &i! %ra(i+g i%! roo%! %o %&Bo* a+o !(&oo*9 H argu ! %&a% Hu!! r* ,i, +o% ,i!%i+gui!& ; %? +

)i!% mo*og" a+, *ogi(9 T8r,J (o+!i, r , %& )& +om +o*ogi(a* m %&o, a!m %a)&"!i(a*22a(%ua**" a! m %a)&"!i(a* )!"(&o*og"22?&i(&$ 7rom a *ogi(a*)oi+% o7 8i ?$ i! +o%&i+g mor %&a+ )ur &")o%& !i! ra%io+a*i , i+%ui%io+$a((or,i+g %o &im$ !&ou*, )*a" +o )ar% i+ !(i +( 9 I% !&ou*, ; m)&a!i ,%&a% %& r ?a! a )rogr !!io+ i+ T8r,J'! u+, r!%a+,i+g o7 Hu!! r*'! ?or#$ a!i! 8i, +% 7rom &i! ?i, *" r ) a% , o)i+io+ a;ou% %& (o+%ra,i(%io+ ; %? +%& o; (%i8 ! o7 %& )& +om +o*ogi(a* )rogram a+, i%! r a* a(&i 8 m +%!9

No;o," &a! !o mi!u! , %& (o+( )% o7 8i, +( a! &a! Hu!! r*$ ! (uri+g7or &im a** #i+,! o7 m %a)&"!i(a* )r !u))o!i%io+! o+ ?&i(& & )ro( ,! %o;ui*, &i! *ogi(9 -.4 6 Li# ?i! $ i+ Hu!! r*'! (o+( )% o7 a;!%ra(%io+$ & ! ! a

(* ar ,a+g r$ a+, r )roa(& ! &im 7or &i! )r 7 r +( 7or %& i, a* !(i +( !9:&a% ? &a8 % rm , %& ;r a(& ;" )& +om +o*og" o7 %& !%ru(%ur o7C (& )&i*o!o)&i(a* *i7 i! i+ our o)i+io+ !u))or% , ;" %?o im)or%a+% 7a(%or!9

T& 7ir!% o+ (o+( r+! Hu!! r*'! origi+! & ?a! ;or+ %o a ?i!& 7ami*" i+Pro!% o8 i+ Mora8ia$ a+, r ( i8 , &i! ! (o+,ar" ,u(a%io+ i+ %&a% r gio+$?&i(& %& + ; *o+g , %o %& Au!%ro2Hu+garia+ Em)ir 9 T&i! ma, )o!!i;*ma+" ) r!o+a* r *a%io+!&i)! a+, (o+%a(%!$ amo+g %& m &i! r *a%io+!&i) %oMa!ar"#$ 7a(i*i%a% , ;" Br +%a+o'! ro* i+ %& Au!%ria+ )&i*o!o)&i(a*%ra,i%io+9 T& ! (o+, 7a(%or i! %&a% i% i! u! 7u* %o %ra( %& %& or %i(a*)rogr !! o7 Hu!! r*'! )& +om +o*og" i+ )&i*o!o)&"$ ?&i(& a% %&a% %im i+%&i! r gio+ ?a! ;a!i(a**" G rma+9 T&u!$ a ?&o* ! ri ! o7 )ro;* m! (om !%o %& 7or $ ?&o! roo%! ?ou*, o%& r?i! &a8 r mai+ , &i,, + or ?ou*,!(ar( *" &a8 ; + %ra( a;* 9 To %& ! )ro;* m! ; *o+g Hu!! r*'! (o+( )%o7 ! +!ua*i%"$ i+(*u,i+g %& )& +om +o*ogi(a* r !o*u%io+ o7 %& r *a%io+ o7r a!o+ %o ,ir (%


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u+(o+% !% , 7ou+, r o7 %& Pragu !(&oo* o7 %& )!"(&o*og" o7 %& ! +! !Car* S%um)7$ Br +%a+o'! !%u, +% a+, %& % a(& r o7 Hu!! r*$ ?ro% %& 7ir!%8o*um o7 &i!#onpsy"hologie i+ Pragu %& ,i!(o8 r r o7 %& !o2(a** ,

!&a) @ua*i%" $ C&ri!%ia+ 8o+ E&r +7 *!$ )ro7 !!or a% Pragu U+i8 r!i%" u+%i*.34 $ &a, *i+#! %o %& Br +%a+ia+ !(&oo* i+ Gra 9 Amo+g o%& r! ? &a8a*r a," +am , A+%o+ Mar%"$ ?&o$ ;" m a+! o7 &i! *i+gui!%i( )&i*o!o)&"$ &a,r o) + , %& @u !%io+ o7 Hu!! r*'! r *a%io+ %o Bo* a+o9 A** %&i! (a+ ai, i+u+, r!%a+,i+g Hu!! r*'! )& +om +o*og" 7rom %& !u; (%i8 )oi+% o7 8i ?$a*%&oug& o;8iou!*" %& @u !%io+ o7 %& %?o %ra,i%io+! a! a !) (ia* )ro;* m o7C (&2G rma+ r *a%io+! r mai+! o) + -a+, +o% o+*" o+ %& )&i*o!o)&i(a** 8 *69

A+ &i!%ori( )oi+% i+ %& )ro( !! o7 u+, r!%a+,i+g Hu!! r*'! )& +om +o*og"i+ C (&o!*o8a#ia ?a! r a(& , i+ .34= ?i%& %& (o+8 +i+g o7 %& /%&P&i*o!o)&i(a* Co+gr !! i+ Pragu $ a+, ?i%& %& 7ou+,i+g o7 %& C (&2

G rma+ &er"le philosophique de !rague pour les resear"hes surl9entende ent hu ain $ ?&i(& +am , Hu!! r* a+ &o+orar" m m; r9 T&i!grou) aro! ?i%& %& aim o7 %& i+% +!i7"i+g !(i +%i7i( ?or# a! a r !u*% o78ariou! !%imu*i 7rom %& Co+gr !! i%! *7 a+, o+ %& i+i%ia%i8 o7 Pragu)&i*o!o)&" )ro7 !!or!$ Emi* U%i% a+, 9B9 Ko #9 T& a(%i8i%i ! o7 %& (ir(*? r (&ara(% ri , ;" a+ im)r !!i8 ! riou!+ !! o7 a))roa(& %o)& +om +o*ogi(a* )&i*o!o)&"9 I%! m m; r! orga+i , ,i!(u!!io+ ! mi+ar!a% %& u+i8 r!i%" 7or a +arro? (ir(* o7 ru,i% )&i*o!o)& r!9 A! 7ar a! %&,om !%i( )&i*o!o)&i(a* %ra,i%io+ i! (o+( r+ ,$ %& " r 7 rr , ;a(# %o a+Amo! Kom +!#J$ B r+ar, Bo* a+o a+, T9G9 Ma!ar"# %& ir m %&o,o*og"

origi+a% , 7rom a %&oroug& !%u," o7 %& (o+(r % ;" m a+! o7 !%ri(% a+a*"!i!a7% r %& ma++ r o7 Hu!! r*9

Du %o %& i+i%ia%i8 o7 %& C r(* a+, o%& r )&i*o!o)&i(a* !o(i %i !$ Hu!! r*ga8 &i! * (%ur ("(* ,i r ,a++ u i+ r ig +!*i(& + Kri!i!2Ar; i%

r? i% r% 9-.446 Do(um +%! !&o?i+g %& r a* +um; r o7 Hu!! r*'! * (%ur ! a!(om)ar , ?i%& ?&a% & &a, )*a++ , a**o? o+ %o ! &i! (&oi( o7 %& m !a+, %& !i+gu*ar (ir(um!%a+( ! o7 &i! !%a" i+ Pragu 9 Hu!! r*'! * (%ur ! ? raim , a% ! 8 ra* )&i*o!o)&i(a* grou)! a+, m % ?i%& , ) )&i*o!o)&i(a*i+% r !%9 Hu!! r* ga8 ! mi+ar! o+ a !%& %i(!$ 8 + i+ %& C r(*Li+gui!%i@u , Pragu $ ?&i(& !&o?! %& , (i!i8 r *a%io+!&i) o7 %&%ra,i%io+ o7 %& Pragu !%ru(%ura* !(&oo* %o )& +om +o*og"9-.4=6

T& C r(* '! 7ir!% )u;*i(a%io+ a)) ar , i+ Li ; r%'! our+a*$!hilosophia $ Vo* .-B ogra,$ .34>6$ a+, (o+!i!%! o7 a ! ri ! o7 !!a"! amo+g ?&i(& %& 7ir!%a+, %& ! (o+, )ar% o7 Hu!! r*'! #he &risis of the European S"ien"es (a+ ;7ou+,9 A** %& !!a"! ar (o++ (% , ;" %& u+i7"i+g i, a o7 i+8 !%iga%i+g %&

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H r $ ; 7or a+" mo+ogra)& o+ &i! *i7 a+, ?or#! &a! ; + ?ri%% +$ ? (a+gi8 o+*" a !&or% ;i;*iogra)&i(a* o8 r8i ?$ )oi+% %o?ar,! a !"+%& !i! o7 %&!%u,i ! 7rom a;roa, -.=56 a+, i+% r)r %a%io+! i+ C (&o!*o8a#ia$ a+, a%% m)%%o %ra( %& %& ma%i( (o+%i+ui%" i+ Pa%o#a'! *i7 a(&i 8 m +%! a+, &i! 7a% 9Agai+!% %& ;a(#grou+, o7 &i! ?ri%i+g!$ Pa%o#a a)) ar! a! a ma+i+%ri+!i(a**" ;ou+, u) ?i%& )&i*o!o)&"$ ?&o**" , 8o% , %o &i! i+% r !% i+r 8 a*i+g %& %& or %i(o2(og+i%i8 !our( ! o7 %ru%&$ a+, a% %& !am %im! #i+g )ra(%i(a*


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I+ .3>3$ ?& + a+ Pa%o#a ;roug&% %& (o+% m)orar" ori +%a%io+ o7C (&o!*o8a# )&i*o!o)&" %o ?or*,?i, a%% +%io+$ & ?ro% %&a%$ , !)i% a**(o+%rar" 77or%!$ %&i! )&i*o!o)&" &a, r %r a% , 7rom Hu!! r* a+, a%%a(# ,Hu!! r*ia+ %&oug&% 7rom %& !%a+,)oi+% o7 Mar/$,uri+g &i! Di %!(& (&i!(& P&i*o!o)&i u+, i&r g g +?ar%ig P&a!* (%ur i+ Fr i;urg$ & !%a% , %&a%$ a% * a!% % +%a%i8 *"$ i% ?a! )o!!i;* %oou%*i+ ( r%ai+ )o!i%i8 r !u*%! r a(& , ;" %& 77or%! o7 %& )o!%?arg + ra%io+9 a+ Pa%o#a'! M ,i%a%io+! a7% r 44 Y ar! i+ &i! ;oo# a;ou% %&*i7 ?or*, a%% m)% , a (o+!%i%u%i8 !# %(& o7 %& g + !i! o7 %& +ai8?or*, 9 T&i! (o+!%i%u% , +o%a;*" a (r a%i8 %ra+!)o!i%io+ o7 %& Hu!! r*ia+

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S%u,i , )&i*o!o)&" a+, S*a8o+i( a+, Roma+ )&i*o*og" a% %& P&i*o!o)&"Fa(u*%" o7 C&ar* ! U+i8 r!i%" ,o(%ora% i+ %& P&i*o!o)&" Fa(u*%" o7 C&ar* !U+i8 r!i%"$ u+ 1$ .34. a(%i8 i+ )&i*o!o)&i(a* *i% ra%ur 7rom .3 3 am m; r o7 %& ,i%oria* ;oar, o7esk6 ysl -C (& T&oug&%6 a+, i%! ,i%or7rom .34= a m m; r o7 a (ommi%% o7 P&i*o!o)&i(a* U+i%" i+ Pragu 7rom.340 ! (r %ar" o7 %& C r(* P&i*o!o)&i@u , Pragu 9 From .345 a ,o( +%i+ %& P&i*o!o)&" Fa(u*%" o7 C&ar* ! U+i8 r!i%" u+%i* i%! (*o!i+g i+ .3439R %ur+ , i+ Ma" .3=09 I+ .3=> a+

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