Performance Matrix of Strength and Conditioning

8/17/2019 Performance Matrix of Strength and Conditioning

1/8

The

Performance Matrix

for

Movement Screening

& Risk Analysis

© Performance Stability Ltd 2003-2004 – all rights reserved 1


2/8

PERFORMANCE STABILITY

The develoment of realistic and !or"able ris" assessment and screening rocesses and s#bse$#ent

training ac"ages for sort and occ#ational health has been some!hat of an #nattainable dream

amongst e%ercise& sorting and occ#ational health rofessionals for many years' To date& attemts

to do this have been centred on testing (oint range& m#scle strength )both o!er and end#rance* and

testing m#scle e%tensibility' Some attemts have foc#sed on develoing f#nctional tests based on

!or" secific tas"s and sort secific s"ills' +ll have been relatively #ns#ccessf#l at redicting ris"

of in(#ry and have res#lted in training rogrammes being biased to!ards high load m#scle

)strength* training and high force (oint and m#scle stretching& )!hich in some cases may be the

ca#se of in(#ry*'

,t is !ell acceted that in todays rofessional sorting environment that o!er& end#rance and

fle%ibility are imortant and are a necessary and integral art of any sorts training rogramme'

.o!ever& there is an #nder reresentation )if resent at all* of lo! load motor control training in

many of these training rogrammes'

/ontemorary ne#rohysiological and clinical research into movement dysf#nction associated !ith

m#sc#los"eletal in(#ry& chronicity and rec#rrence of in(#ry& highlight deficits of lo! threshold

m#scle recr#itment and motor control inefficiency )S#llivan et al 1& ichardson et al 1&

5#ll 2000& /omerford and 6ottram 2001 a 7 b& 8ibbons and /omerford 2001a 7 b& Sahrmann

2002*' These deficits are only clinically and f#nctionally identified !ith very secific tests of lo!

load recr#itment efficiency' Some of these dysf#nctions develo rior to the onset of symtoms and

in(#ry and aear to be rec#rsors or contrib#ting factors to the develoment of in(#ry and

symtoms )/omerford and 6ottram 2001b& Sahrmann 2002*' There is mo#nting evidence that

fail#re of lo! load recr#itment efficiency is the most consistent and reliable redictor of rec#rrence

)ichardson et al 1& .ides et al 2001*'

MUSCLE STABILITY VERSUS STRENGTH

MUSCLE STABILITY FUNCTION:

Assessment of the muscuo!s"eet# s$stem un%e& o' o#% test(n)

6#scle stability assessment is based on the acceted and e%tensive research on m#scles li"e

transvers#s abdominis' Stability f#nction )or dysf#nction* is reliably tested #nder lo! load

sit#ations' ,t is based on the ability to ass or fail a lo! threshold test of motor recr#itment' The

© Performance Stability Ltd 2003-2004 – all rights reserved 1


3/8

benefit of having good stability f#nction of both the local and global stabiliser m#scles is in

imroved lo! threshold motor control and in decreasing mechanical m#sc#lo-s"eletal ain'

o Pass – no movement ind#ced athology and ain free f#nction

o 9ail - develoment of athology and ain'

MUSCLE STRENGTH FUNCTION:

Assessment of the muscuo!s"eet# s$stem un%e& h()h o#% test(n)

6#scle strength is meas#red as the ability to ass or fail a test of resisting or s#orting a high load'

The grading of m#scle strength as 1 to : !ith man#al m#scle testing is an e%amle of m#scle

strength testing that hysiotheraists are trained to erform' This testing is often erformed #sing

force dynamometers to rovide more ob(ective meas#rements' The benefit of having good strength

is that erformance is imroved or maintained' Strength training does not demonstrate consistent

imrovement in ain and athology or lo! threshold motor control f#nction'

o Pass- good o!er& end#rance and high load erformance

o 9ail - !ea"ness and the loss of erformance'

© Performance Stability Ltd 2003-2004 – all rights reserved

+ +

S T A B L E S T A B I L I T Y

D Y S F U N C T I O N

- +

- -+ -

S T R O N G

W E A K

G o o d

P e r f o r m a n c e

P o o r

P e r f o r m a n c e

P a i n f r e e P a i n f u l

*#%#+te% S(,este& - Come&fo&%.

2


4/8

/MOTOR CONTROL STABILITY01 /CORE STRENGTHENING0

- TRA2ITIONAL STRENGTH TRAINING

;efore loo"ing too closely at stability training it is necessary to define basic differences bet!een

strength and stability'

/MOTOR CONTROL STABILITY0 VERSUS /CORE STRENGTHENING0

The term stability training has gained !idesread accetance in both the therae#tic !orld and in

the e%ercise and fitness ind#stry' ,n the c#rrent literat#re stability is a term #sed to describe many

different sit#ations and rocesses'

,n artic#lar& the term


5/8

;eca#se the term


6/8

• .igh threshold training )m#scle adating to overload demand*

• ;iased for the global mobiliser m#scles

• Sagittal lane revailing )AB- coronal lane*

• Predominantly isotonic !ith emhasis on concentric )also isometric and iso"inetic*

esistive overload is alied via the limbs !hile the ro%imal tr#n" may be s#orted or

#ns#orted' The best e%amle of traditional strength training is gym based !eight training

e$#iment !here the !eight is lifted concentrically against gravity and !here a hinge& a%el or cam

controls the direction of the movement to the sagittal )fle%ion-e%tension* lane'

The load may beC

• ,sometric – movement controlled )no range& no seed* !ith load variable

• ,sotonic concentric )shortening against load* or eccentric )lengthening against load* – load

controlled !ith movement range and seed variable

• ,so"inetic – seed controlled !ith movement range and load variable

The direction may be limited or controlled )!eights machines B e$#iment* or #ncontrolled )free

!eights* !here a%ial and coronal movement m#st be controlled by the s#b(ect'

CORE STABILITY OVERVIE4

/T%(t(on#0

St&en)then(n):

L(m3s

)sagittal load*

/Co&e0

St&en)then(n):

T&un"

)rotational load*

/Moto& Cont&o0

St#3((t$:

Go3#

Moto& Cont&o0

St#3((t$:

Loc#

T(n(n)

Th&esho%

high high lo! lo!

Musce B(#s global mobilisers global stabilisers global stabilisers local stabilisers

Pos(t(on 5 P#ne

of 67 Lo#%(n)

fle%ion-e%tension

lane

rotation lane A

ne#tral osition

rotation lane A

ne#tral osition

ne#tral osition

T$+e of

Contct(on

isotonic

concentric

AB- isometric 7

iso"inetic

isometric

AB- isotonic

concentric

isometric

)dissociation* 7

isotonic eccentric

)thro#gh range*

isometric

© Performance Stability Ltd 2003-2004 – all rights reserved :


7/8

There are many differing interretations of stability and stability training' The term

!ea" lin"s are identified in terms of the s(te and %(&ect(on of m#sc#los"eletal ris" and in terms of

the th&esho% )lo! or high* of erformance fail#re otential'

This Performance 6atri% can be #sed as a ris" analysis rotocol and can be #sed to develo a

training ac"age !here sorts medicine& occ#ational health and e%ercise rofessionals )doctors&

hysios& e%ercise hysiologists& trainers& coaches& ergonomists and !or" lace assessors* can be

ta#ght to imlement the tests and identify the


8/8

?ith an individ#als erformance !ea" lin"s and otential ris"s identified& a rescritive re-training

rogramme can be develoed and imlemented' This re-training rogramme !o#ld incl#de

strategies to regain control of the site and direction of erformance fail#re and retrain at the

aroriate threshold of loading' etraining !o#ld #se movement and e%ercise as a tool toC

( 2ec&e#se +#(n )if relevant*

(( Inc&e#se ;o(nt n)e #n% musce e9tens(3((t$

((( Im+&o,e ;o(nt st#3((t$

(, Enh#nce musce +e&fo&m#nce

, O+t(m(se mo,ement funct(on

The erformance matri% can also be #sed to eval#ate the effectiveness of any individ#al retraining

rogramme'

Refe&ences

/omerford 6 5& 6ottram S L 2001a 9#nctional stability retrainingC Princiles 7 strategies for managing mechanicaldysf#nction' 6an#al Theray E)1*C3-14

/omerford 6 5& 6ottram S L 2001b 6ovement and stability dysf#nction – contemorary develoments' 6an#alTheray E)1*C1:-2E

8ibbons 8 T& /omerford 6 5 2001a Strength vers#s Stability Part ,F /oncets and terms' rthoaedic =ivision evie!6arch B +rilC 21-2

8ibbons 8 T& /omerford 6 5 2001b Strength vers#s Stability Part ,,F Limitations and benefits' rthoaedic =ivisionevie! 6arch B +rilC 2-33

.ides 5 +& 5#ll 8 +& ichardson / +' 2001' Long term effects of secific stabili>ing e%ercises for first eisode lo!

bac" ain' Sine 2E)11*C243-'

5#ll 8 + 2000 =ee cervical fle%or m#scle dysf#nction in !hilash' 5 6#sc#los"eletal Pain )1B2*C 143-1:4

S#llivan P;& T!omey L& +llison 8 1 Gval#ation of secific stabilising e%ercise in the treatment of chronic lo! bac" ain !ith radiological diagnosis of sondylosis or sondylolisthesis' Sine 22)24*C2:-2E

ichardson /& 5#ll 8& .odges P& and .ides 5 1 Therae#tic G%ercise for Sinal Segmental Stabili>ation in Lo! ;ac"

PainC Scientific ;asis and /linical +roach' /h#rchill Livingstone

Sahrmann S + 2002 =iagnosis 7 Treatment of 6anagement ,mairment Syndromes' 6osby& HS+

© Performance Stability Ltd 2003-2004 – all rights reserved

Documents

Performance Matrix of Strength and Conditioning