Pharm Exam #3 ReviewThao HoHow do diuretics work?They block
reabsorption of sodium and cloride to increase urine flowDiuretics
are used to treat what type of diseases?Pulmonary edema in CHFEdema
associated with ascites, cardiac, or renal originsHypertensionAcute
renal failure (increase renal blood flow)Loop and thiazide
diuretics both cause what?Hypokalemia, needs potassium supplements
glucose, uric acid, lipidsDehydration
What happens if the nurse push IV too fast when administering
loop diuretics?Ototoxicity, loop diuretics should not be given with
ototoxic drugs (amphotericin B, gentamicin)How many routes loop
diuretics can be delivered?Oral onset 60 minutes and lasts for 8
hoursIV onset 5 minutes and lasts for 2 hoursWhy should the nurse
only give diuretics before 2pm?To avoid nocturiaWhat are other
drugs that should be avoided with loop and thiazide
diuretics?Potassium depleting diureticsDigoxinLithiumCaution with
hypertensive drugsNSAIDSWhat are signs of hypokalemia?Weakness and
fatigueDrowsiness and confusion (fall risk)Abnormal EKG flat T
wave, weak irregular pulsePostural hypotensionFlaccid paralysis,
muscle weakness, leg crampsWhat are signs of hyperkalemia?Abnormal
EKG peaked T wave, irregular waveMuscle weakness/ paresthesias,
hyporeflexia, fatigueConfusion, restless, anxietyseizuresThe nurse
should caution when giving potassium intravascular by?All IV
solutions must be diluted (40 mEq/1000ml,
