Phosphorous Reduction & Manure Management Research

in Idaho

Mario E. de Haro Martí

Dairy/Livestock Environmental Education

Operation of a Struvite Dairy Wastewater Phosphorus Removal System

4 N:24 P: 0 K

Portable Struvite Crystallizer Trailer mounted Continue collaboration with

WSU, CSU, Iowa State Evaluate various wastewater

Dairy Wastewater Potato Wastewater WW Sludge Effluent

Acidification Pre-Treatment

Struvite (MgNH4PO4*6 H2O)

ORGANIC Dairy Wastewater Phosphorus Removal Collaboration with

Colorado State University Chemical Process

Modification Acetic Acid vs Hydrochloric

Acid (pretreatment acidification) Potassium Hydroxide vs

Ammonia (reaction catalyst)

Crop Response Theoretical Solubility

Laboratory Greenhouse Trials

Wheat

Mg Solution

Mg Pum

p

NH3 InMg In

Inflow Ph Meter

System Flow Meter

Change in Crystal Properties

Non-acidified Struvite Acidified Struvite

Crystallization Results

Struvite Crystallization UI Experience Considerations

Experimental conditions 30% TP reduction under normal operation Up to 50% TP reduction under

acidification, increasing chemicals usage Operating cost to get 50% reduction

calculated to be >$2/cow/month New research needed to lower costs and

simplify operation Option for organic farms?

Phosphorus and Ammonia Removal System for an Openlot Dairy

P removal system using Lime to reduce phosphorous

Similar technology is used on the swine industry

Demonstrate reduction of P loading and NH3 emissions

P-Removal and Nitrification treatment system for a 2,000-hd dairy

Calcium Phosphate SeparationDeveloped by USDA-ARS Florence, SC

Lime (CaCO3) slurry (1 lime: 2 water)

CaPO4 Clarifier

Sludge Removal

Low P Effluent Overflow

12 ft

6 ft

9 ft

SuperSoils SystemB&B Farm, Clinton, NC

pH probe

pH controller

Lime pump

Lime mixing tank

Gravity overflow to clarifier“Dirty” water enters through center

Ultrasonic Level Sensor for process control

6 ft

12 ft

SeparatedParlor Water

SettlingOnly

1% LimeSlurry

5% Lime Slurry

2.5% Volume5% Volume10.2% Volume

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Total Phosphorus

(ppm)

SeparatedLiquid

0.83%LimeSlurry

1.67%Limeslurry

2.50%LimeSlurry

3.33%LimeSlurry

4.17%LimeSlurry

Considerations on Phosphorous Separation

Using Lime Very promising results at laboratory level Up to 84% TP removal on dairy parlor wastewater Great reduction of odors 50%+ TP removal expected on slurry More research needed on wastewater – slurry – lime concentration combinations Amount to use on a big dairy and cost of lime is a limiting factor today

Effect of the Installation of an Anaerobic Digester on Farmstead Air Emissions

6-mo. Pre and Post Digester Construction/Operation May – December, 2007 (Pre) April – December, 2008

(Post) West Point Dairy, Wendell UV Sentry Monitoring with

WindTrax Emissions Modeling

Fixed UV-DOAS position

Mobil UV-DOAS Wind direction during sample period

Summer

Spring, Fall Winter

Anaerobic digester

Late Summer(low velocity)

1 2

3

DEQ 10-m Weather Tower

Emissions Methodology Evaluation

Compare open-area emissions monitoring methods

West Point Dairy Oct 1 – 7, 2007

UV-DOAS FTIR Wind Tunnel w/

chemiluminescence NH3 Denuder Passive NH3

Mass-balance & existing table values

Fly Larvae Utilization of Manure

Soldier Fly Larvae Utilize manure solids as

larval feed source When larvae are ready

to crystallize, they crawl out and away from manure (self-harvesting!!)

Harvested larvae are dried and used as protein supplement for trout production

2 years project

Foot Bath Copper Removal Systems for Idaho Dairies

Laboratory (Year 1) Pilot scale systems design

and construction Electro-coagulation Electrolysis

Evaluation with varying copper concentrations and field collected wastewaters

Field Tests (Year 2) Footbath system Six month test

Economic Evaluation Installation cost Operating cost

Hose-Drag Land Application: A Water & Air Quality Evaluation

Broadcast

Aerway

Sweep Injection