Photosynthesis and Respiration

NOMUSA KHUZWAYO

Photosynthesis and Respiration.

THE SUN: MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR LIFE ON EARTH

PhotosynthesisThe process of photosynthesis is a

chemical reaction.

It is the most important chemical reaction on our planet.

What is the Process? The process of changing light energy (from the sun or other light

source) to chemical energy

This energy is stored as sugar (a carbohydrate)

Occurs in plants and some algae

Plants need light energy,

CO2, and H2O

Photosynthesis takes place

in the chloroplasts, using

chlorophyll, the green

pigment in plants

What Happens in this Chemical Reaction?

How Do Scientists Write this Chemical

Reaction?

What does this mean? Six molecules of carbon dioxide react with six molecules of water to form 1 molecule of glucose

and six molecules of oxygen.

THE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Autotrophs generate their own organic matter through photosynthesis

Sunlight energy is transformed to energy stored in the form of chemical bonds

(a) Mosses, ferns, andflowering plants

b) Kelp

(c) Euglena(d) Cyanobacteria

Light Energy Harvested by Plants & Other Photosynthetic Autotrophs

How do autotrophs make their own food?

Autotrophic organisms possess cells that contain chlorophyll.

Chlorophyll is a green pigment located in the chloroplast and is responsible for giving green plants their color

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun.

What happens next?

Autotrophs take carbon dioxide into their cells through diffusion and water into their cells through osmosis.

Then a series of reactions that take place that result in the formation of oxygen and glucose

THE FOOD WEB IN HOW THE FLOW OF HEAT FLOW FROM

ONE ORGANISM TO ANOTHER.

WHWHY ARY ARE PE PLANLANTS GTS GREREEN?EN?

WHYWHY ARE ARE PLA PLANTS NTS GREGREEN? EN?

The thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast is impregnated with photosynthetic pigments (i.e., chlorophylls, carotenoids).

Plant Cells have Green Chloroplasts

The feathers of male cardinals are loaded with carotenoid pigments. These pigments absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others.

Sunlight minus Sunlight minus absorbed absorbed wavelengths or wavelengths or colors equals the colors equals the apparent color of apparent color of an object.an object.

Plants capture light energy and use that energy to make sugar (which can be changed to starch, a carbohydrate, also)

Sunlight provides the energy needed by chlorophyll to change molecules of carbon dioxide and water into glucose

Oxygen is also released in this reaction

Formation of Starch.

Why Is This So Important?

We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants.

Plants are the first step in the food chain.

The oxygen released during photosynthesis is necessary for all living things.

Photosynthesis and Respiration are Related

It is the basic cycle on Earth.

What colours are being absorbed and what colours are being reflected.

Notice Any Similarities?

Any Similarities with These?

Notice any now?

THE COLOR OF LIGHT SEEN IS THE COLOR NOT

ABSORBED

Chloroplasts absorb light energy and convert it to chemical energy

ReflectedlightLight

Transmittedlight

Respiration There are two types of respiration:

and

What is Cellular Respiration?

The process of cellular respiration is a chemical reaction.

It is the most important chemical reaction in our bodies

What is the Process? Cellular respiration is a process, like

photosynthesis. Cellular respiration takes place in the

mitochondria. The mitochondria take in nutrients (glucose and

oxygen), break them down, and create energy for the cell.

This process of creating cell energy is known as cellular respiration.

Takes place in all living things (even plants!)

Let’s Write the Chemical Equation

Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water

Or another way of writing the equation is:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

REFERENCE LIST

o Clonardo,N.(2012),Photosynthesis and Respiration, http://www.slideshare.net/clonardo/photosynthesisandrespirationpvms1

o Pointer,K.(2011),Photosynthesis and primary metabolism, http://www.slideshare.net/coachpointer/photosynthesis-7346091

o Tamara,D.(2010),Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, http://www.slideshare.net/tamarad423/biology-83

o Walker,H.(2013),Modelling Photosynthesis and its control, http://www.slideshare.net/walkerhk/photosynthesis-100503122339phpapp01