Physical Activity Physical Activity

Susan Brotherton, Physical Education SpecialistSusan Brotherton, Physical Education Specialist

Tennessee Coordinated Tennessee Coordinated School Health MissionSchool Health Mission

To improve student health and their To improve student health and their capacity to learn through the support of capacity to learn through the support of families, communities and schools.families, communities and schools.

CDC’s CoordinatedCDC’s Coordinated School School Health ComponentsHealth Components

Student OverweightStudent Overweight RatesRates

Based on CSH pilot site Based on CSH pilot site data, 43% of all students data, 43% of all students are either at-risk for are either at-risk for overweight or overweight.overweight or overweight.

TDOH data collected from TDOH data collected from 14,000 students found that 14,000 students found that 43% of all students were 43% of all students were either at-risk for either at-risk for overweight or overweight. overweight or overweight.

Overweight adolescents Overweight adolescents have a 70% chance of have a 70% chance of becoming overweight or becoming overweight or obese adults.obese adults.

Statistics from the Centers Statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are Prevention (CDC) are alarming. Today, about 16 alarming. Today, about 16 percent of all children and percent of all children and teens in the United States teens in the United States are overweight. are overweight.

Childhood Weight TrendsChildhood Weight Trends 31% of youth, 6-19 years, are at risk for 31% of youth, 6-19 years, are at risk for

overweight or overweight.overweight or overweight. 1 in 10 of 2-5 year olds are at risk of 1 in 10 of 2-5 year olds are at risk of

overweight or overweight.overweight or overweight.

1 in 6.5 of 6-11 year olds at risk of 1 in 6.5 of 6-11 year olds at risk of overweight or overweight.overweight or overweight.

Since 1980, the % of overweight (OW) Since 1980, the % of overweight (OW) children in the U.S. has nearly tripled.children in the U.S. has nearly tripled.

In TennesseeIn Tennessee

TN ranked 9th in the U.S. for the highest rate of adult obesity in 2006.1

Heart disease and stroke are the 1st and 3rd leading causes of death & disability in TN.2

Good News…Coordinated School Health! Monroe County, CSH pilot site, over a 3-yr period reduced the percentage of students at risk of OW or OW from 46.37% to 43.77%.3

1. Univ of Baltimore Obesity Report, 2006.2. TN Dept of Health, TN State Univ, Center for Health Research, and Univ of TN Health Science Center.

2006. The Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke in Tennessee. Nashville, TN: TN Department of Health.3. Weighing the Costs of Obesity in Tennessee. March 2006. Report No. R-03-06.

Between 1970 and 1980, the number of fast-food outlets in the United States increased from about 30,000 to 140,000, and sales increased by about 300 percent. In 2001, there

were about 222,000 fast-food outlets.

(Paeratakul S, Ferdinand D, Champagne C, Ryan D, Bray G. Fast-food consumption among US adults and children. J Am Diet Assoc 2003:103:1332-8)

Children eat nearly twice as many calories (770) at restaurants as they do during a meal at home (420).

(Zoumas-Morse C, Rock CL, Sobo EJ, Neuhouser ML. Children’s patterns of macronutrient intake and associations with restaurant and home eating. J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101-923-5)

PEPPERONI PIZZA20 Years Ago Today

500 caloriesHow many calories are in two large slices of today’s pizza?

PEPPERONI PIZZA20 Years Ago Today

500 calories 850 calories

Calorie Difference: 350 caloriesCalorie Difference: 350 calories

How long will you have to shovel snow or scrub a floor on hands and knees in order

to burn those extra 350 calories?*

*Based on 160-pound person

Maintaining a Healthy Weight is a Balancing ActCalories In = Calories Out

If you shovel snow by hand or scrub a floor on hands and knees for 1 hour you will burn

approximately 350 calories.*

*Based on 160-pound person

Calories In = Calories Out

THE CURRENT SITUATION…THE CURRENT SITUATION…

ENERGY IMBALANCE !ENERGY IMBALANCE !

10,000 steps/ day = 290 kcals

3500 kcals = 1 pound

Current Trends…Physical Current Trends…Physical ActivityActivity

From 1991 to 1999, the % of students From 1991 to 1999, the % of students attending daily PE declined from 42% attending daily PE declined from 42% to to 29%29% (1999). (1999).

Nearly Nearly ½ of people age 12-21½ of people age 12-21 do not do not engage in regular PA (2000).engage in regular PA (2000).

Only Only 30% of adults30% of adults 18 and older engage 18 and older engage in regular physical activity (2001).in regular physical activity (2001).

Physical Activity Levels are affected by…Physical Activity Levels are affected by… Elimination of PE / recess in schoolsElimination of PE / recess in schools Reductions in physical activity Reductions in physical activity

required for daily livingrequired for daily living

• Physical environment, transportation, labor Physical environment, transportation, labor saving devicessaving devices

Competition from attractive sedentary Competition from attractive sedentary activitiesactivities• Television, video/DVD, computer games, Television, video/DVD, computer games,

internetinternet

Current Trends…Physical ActivityCurrent Trends…Physical Activity

T I M E !T I M E !

SixSix out of 10 children ages 9-13 don’t participate in out of 10 children ages 9-13 don’t participate in any kind of organized sports/physical activity program any kind of organized sports/physical activity program outside of school.outside of school.

Nearly 23 percent don’t engage in any free-time Nearly 23 percent don’t engage in any free-time physical activity.physical activity.

Children whose parents have lower incomes and Children whose parents have lower incomes and education levels are even less likely to participate.education levels are even less likely to participate.

(Physical activity levels among children aged 9-13 years – United States, 2002. MMWR 2003;52[33]:75-8)

Avg. child watches Avg. child watches 3 hours of TV 3 hours of TV per day (excluding videos & video per day (excluding videos & video games).games).

Avg. child spends 6.5 hours per Avg. child spends 6.5 hours per day using various forms of media. day using various forms of media.

American Academy of Pediatrics American Academy of Pediatrics recommends recommends TV viewing be limited TV viewing be limited to no more than 1-2 hoursto no more than 1-2 hours per day. per day.

Current Trends… Sedentary ActivityCurrent Trends… Sedentary Activity

Source: AAP (2001) Children, adolescents, and television. Pediatrics 107: 423-426.

The DilemmaThe Dilemma

WHAT’S MORE IMPORTANT…WHAT’S MORE IMPORTANT…

A CHILD’SA CHILD’S

HEALTH?HEALTH?

A CHILD’SA CHILD’S

EDUCATION?EDUCATION?

The Health & Learning LinkThe Health & Learning Link

Educating the Whole Child:Educating the Whole Child:

Mind and BodyMind and Body

"The "The integral integral formation of the formation of the human personhuman person, ,

this is the this is the purpose of purpose of

education…”education…”

DISCUSSION QUESTION…

How does physical activity and/or sedentary behavior

contribute to (or not contribute to) a child’s ability to learn?

Between Learning + HealthBetween Learning + Health

THE ALL IMPORTANTTHE ALL IMPORTANT LINK…LINK…

Undernourished children:Undernourished children:

• Attain lower scores on standardized tests

• More likely to become sick

• Poor Attendance

• Fall behind in class

Physically active children:Physically active children:

• Achieve higher math scores

• Calmer in class

• Less absent from school

Definition of Physical ActivityDefinition of Physical Activity

Physical activity in an educational setting:Physical activity in an educational setting:

a behavior consisting of bodily movement a behavior consisting of bodily movement that requires energy expenditure above that requires energy expenditure above the normal physiological (muscular, the normal physiological (muscular, cardiorespiratory) requirements of a cardiorespiratory) requirements of a typical school day. typical school day.

Tennessee Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Tennessee Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and DanceDance

RESOURCESRESOURCES

FOR FOR

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL

ACTIVITYACTIVITY

http://tennessee.gov/education/schoolhealth/physed/doc/TNPhysActivHbook_10_07.pdfhttp://tennessee.gov/education/schoolhealth/physed/doc/TNPhysActivHbook_10_07.pdf

A Program of the ILSI Research Foundation

Web: www.take10.net

Phone: 770-456-0778 Email: take10@ilsi.org

The TAKE 10!The TAKE 10!

ProgramProgramA classroom-basedclassroom-based physical activity promotion program designed to reduce sedentary reduce sedentary behaviorbehavior while maintaining a focus on academics.

Integrates multiple 10 minute 10 minute periods of physical activityperiods of physical activity with core curriculum learning objectives in K-5 classrooms, (language arts, math, science, social studies, and health)

The TAKE 10!The TAKE 10! ProgramProgram

NC EnergizersNC Energizers

DOWNLOADABLEDOWNLOADABLEhttp://www.ncpe4me.com/energizers.htmlhttp://www.ncpe4me.com/energizers.html

Elementary School EnergizersElementary School Energizers

A laminated booklet of the Grades K-5 Energizers is available for purchase A laminated booklet of the Grades K-5 Energizers is available for purchase

Middle School EnergizersMiddle School Energizers        

Laminated booklets of the Middle School Energizers are available for Laminated booklets of the Middle School Energizers are available for

purchasepurchase

RecommendationsRecommendations

Children and adolescents should engage in 30-60 30-60 minutesminutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity on all or most days of the week.

*NASPE Guidelines

Health RealitiesHealth Realities

““If schools do not deal with If schools do not deal with children’s health by design children’s health by design

they deal with it by default.” they deal with it by default.”

(Health Is (Health Is

Academic)Academic)

WebsitesWebsites

TN Coordinated School Health – TDOETN Coordinated School Health – TDOE

CDC’s Coordinated School HealthCDC’s Coordinated School Healthhttp://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/CSHP/http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/CSHP/

School Health Index GuidebookSchool Health Index Guidebookhttp://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHI/Traininghttp://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHI/Training//

http://www.state.tn.us/education/schoolhealth/

ContactsContacts

Susan BrothertonSusan BrothertonPhysical Education SpecialistPhysical Education SpecialistSusan.Brotherton@state.tn.usSusan.Brotherton@state.tn.us

1-615-253-46971-615-253-4697

Connie GivensConnie GivensDirector of School HealthDirector of School HealthConnie.Givens@state.tn.usConnie.Givens@state.tn.us

1-615-253-60291-615-253-6029

Sara SmithSara SmithCoordinator of School HealthCoordinator of School Health

Sara.Smith@state.tn.usSara.Smith@state.tn.us1-615-253-46641-615-253-4664

Rebecca Johns-WommackRebecca Johns-Wommack Health Education SpecialistHealth Education Specialist

Rebecca.Johns-Wommack@state.tn.usRebecca.Johns-Wommack@state.tn.us615.253.0065615.253.0065