Settling the west

Q1-Evaluate the importance of mining in the West

Growth of Mining Industry Placer mining Quartz mining

The Big Strike in Nevada Henry Comstock Virginia City, NV

Other Bonanzas Leadville Pikes Peak Northern Great Plains

• Placer Mining• Quartz mining• Henry Comstock• Boom town

KEY TERMS

Q2-Analyze the ranching and farming practices on the plains

Ranching and Farming the Plains Great Plains Texas Longhorns

Farming Becomes Big Business Railroads West Homestead Act Wheat Belt

• Great Plains• Open range• Long drive• Homestead act• Homestead• Wheat Belt

KEY TERMS

Q3-Discuss the impact of settlers, and how they altered the way of life for Native Americans

Cultures under Pressure Indian Peace Commission

Conflict and Assimilation Sitting Bull Ghost Dance Century of Dishonor Assimilate Dawes Act

• Indian Peace Commission

• Sitting Bull• Ghost Dance• Assimilate• Dawes Act• Wounded Knee

KEY TERMS

Q4-Summarize the reason for growth of the American Industry after the Civil War.

United States Industrializes GNP=Gross National Product

Natural Resources Large Workforce

1870-1910-20 million immigrants Free Enterprise

Free Enterprise Laissez-faire

New Inventions

• Gross National Product• Natural Resources• Entrepreneurs• Free Enterprise• Laissez-Faire• Alexander Graham Bell• Thomas Alva Edison

KEY TERMS

Q5-Explain the impact of railroads on the nations’ industrialization.

Railroads Linking the Nation 1865 – 35,000 miles of track 1900-200,000 miles of track Pacific Railway Act 1862

Railroads Spur Growth American Railway Association

Land Grant System Sell the land to settlers, real estate companies, and other

business to raise money Pacific Railway Act 1862-1864 changed land system

Robber Barons Built their fortunes on swindling investors, and taxpayers, bribing

government officials, and cheating on their contracts and debts James J. Hull and the Great Northern Railroad

Did without any government funds and was not a robber baron Only one that was not forced into bankruptcy

• American Railway Association

• Robber Barons• Land Grant System• Pacific Railway Act

KEY TERMS

Q6-Describe the rise of big business and the impact of the free enterprise system on industrialization.

Rise of Big Business Corporations and Stockholders 1830 no need to for charter from states Reinvest stock money in:

Technology Larger Workforce Machinery

Consolidation of Industry Andrew Carnegie

Vertical integration

John D. Rockefeller Horizontal integration

• Corporations• Andrew Carnegie• Vertical integration• Horizontal Integration• Monopoly

KEY TERMS

Q7-Explain the roles of Unions in the late 1800’s.

Working Conditions Life became monotonous Breathed in dust lint, and toxic fumes, and heavy machines lacked safety

devices Way to collectively bargain for higher wages and better working conditions

Struggle to Organize Early 1830s workers form skilled labor unions Karl Marx and Marxism Owners of large corporations despise industrial unions Confrontations in many cases lead to violence and bloodshed

Haymarket Square Two Strikes for Railroad

1877 Great Railroad Strike Pullman Strike

American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers Three goals

Women made up 18% of work force All in women type jobs

• Marxism• Industrial Unions• AFL• Samuel Gompers• Closed Shops• Great Railroad Strike• Haymarket Square• Pullman Strike

KEY TERMS

Q8-Describe the arrival of thousands of European and Asian immigrants of the United States after the Civil War.

Immigration 1900 more than half of all immigrants were Eastern and Southern

Europeans Flood into United States Many rural farmers , avoid military conscription, or Jew fleeing persecu-

tion Getting to the United States

Ellis Island Jacob Riis

Asian Immigration Angel Island

The Resurgence of Nativism Anti-Immigration Act 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act

• Ellis Island• Angel Island• Nativism• Chinese Exclusion Act

KEY TERMS

Q9-Explain the impact of immigration and industrialization on the growth of American cities.

The Growth of American Cities The New Urban Environment Separation by Class Urban Problems and Politics

• Urbanization• Tenements• Political Machines• Graft• Boss Tweed• James and Thomas

Pendergast

KEY TERMS

Q10-Explain the impact of immigration and urbanization on the growth of American society. Gilded Age

Mark Twain Warner

Social Darwinism Realism Popular Culture

Vaudeville Acts

• Gilded Age• Individualism• Herbert Spencer• Social Darwinism• Philanthropy

KEY TERMS

Q11-Describe the attempts to help the urban poor.

The Rebirth of Reform Social Criticism

1879 Henry George “Progress and Poverty” Lester Frank Ward “dynamic sociology” known as Reform Darwinism people

succeed because of cooperate

Helping the Urban Poor Social Gospel (1870-1920) improve conditions in cities according to biblical ideas of

charity and justice Washington Gladden, advocate, tried to apply Christian law to social problems

Stressed the right of labor organization in ministry Walter Rauschenbusch felt competition caused many social problems

Both inspired churches to increases in functions like day care and helping poor

Christian Mission that became known as Salvation Army 1878 Dwight L. Moody YMCA Jane Addams established settlement houses, Hull Houses

Public Education Industrialized nation needs trained and educated workers

1870 6.5 million children attended school by 1900 17.3 million Here children became knowledgeable about American culture=Americanization Grammar schools basic education, vocational and tech school specific trade African American had to fund own schools, Booker T. Washington

Tuskegee Institute in 1881

• Henry George• Frank Ward• YMCA• Dwight L. Moody• Settlement Houses• Americanization• Booker T. Washington

KEY TERMS

Q12-Identify the results of the political stalemate in Washington from 1877 to 1896. Stalemate in Washington

Spoils System Sparked by assassination of James A Garfield

Cleaning Up Politics Rutherford B. Hayes

Stalwarts Halfbreeds

James A. Garfield Pendelton Act 1883

Two Parties Neck and Neck Republican Party Democrat Party

Election of 1884 Commerce, Trusts, and Tariffs Republicans Regain Power

• Pendelton Act• Stalwarts• Mugwumps• Interstate Commerce

Act• Halfbreeds• Rutherford B. Hayes• James A. Garfield

KEY TERMS

Q13-Explain the rise of populism and its impact on American politics at the turn of the century.

Populism Unrest in Rural America Concerns of Farmers Farmers Alliance The rise of Populism

• Populism• Inflation• Deflation• Grange• Granger laws• Peoples Party• Farmers Alliance• Graduated Income Tax• Panic of 1893• William Jennings Bryan

KEY TERMS

Q14-Describe the segregated society created in the Southern states in the late 1800s.

Resistance and Repression Benjamin “Pap” Singleton Colored Farmers National Alliance

Disenfranchising African Americans 15th Amendment and Grandfather clause

Legalizing Segregation Jim Crow Laws and separating races Plessey v. Ferguson

African American Response Ida B Wells Booker T. Washington W.E.B DuBois”

• Poll Tax• Prospective• Grandfather clause• Segregation• Jim Crow laws• Plessy vs. Ferguson• Ida B. Wells• W.E.B. Dubois

KEY TERMS