PLANNING AND SCHEDULING 1 Project Planning and Scheduling

PLANNING PLANNING ANDAND

SCHEDULINGSCHEDULING

1Project Planning and Scheduling

Project Planning and Scheduling 2

Pre-Project Planning Effort

PROJECT

SUCCESS

Objectives of P&SObjectives of P&S

• Getting things done within the shortest available period of time, minimising cost and risk, complying with the specified requirements and quality.


• Establish project objective• Define scope• Create WBS• Assign responsibility• Define specific activities• Sequence activities• Estimate activity resources• Estimate activity durations• Develop project schedule• Estimate activity costs• Determine budget

Project Planning Project Planning ProcessProcess

Create WBS and Create WBS and Assign Responsibility Assign Responsibility

Sequence ActivitiesSequence Activities

Develop the Project Develop the Project ScheduleSchedule

Determine BudgetDetermine Budget

• Planning is a systematic process which determines before hand the task/activities necessary to complete a project.

• Involves the determination and arrangement of tasks in a logical sequence to accomplish the project objective.

• Planning is performed in each project cycle phase – to prepare for the subsequent phases.

• An iterative process on several level as well as an ongoing one.

• Planning is plan WHAT, WHEN and WHO to do outcome from human thinking process presented/potrayed so that other people can also understand the plan, documented so that it can be referred to from time to time.

• The planning process is simulating the project. Others involved could visualise the project.



P&S Activity at Conceptual Stage

• Gain total project management team commitment on the P&S program

• Establish update periods, feedback deadlines, level of detail and

distribution list

• Decide on computer applications to use• Identify scope of work

• Generate a work breakdown structure

• Introduce first P&S program draft and clearly establish its expectations -


P&S Activity at Project Proposal Stage

• Set up Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS)

• Generate Project Code of Accounts

• Create work packages

• Develop the first summary schedule and update its periodically according to new information generated by the project proposal progress

• Resource requirements for the schedule by identifying long lead time materials and equipment


P&S Activity at Detailed Design Stage

• Compare in-house develop against Architect/Engineer’s schedule and revise accordingly

• Set up a reliable design progress measuring system

• Revise company's cost and schedule estimates as design progresses to show the detail continuously introduced and its corresponding impact on the plan

• Keep a vivid interest on project procurement requirements and their impact on the overall job

P&S Activity at Implementation Stage

• Compare in-house developed against awarded contractor schedules and revise accordingly

• Set up a reliable progress measuring system based on the approved working schedule

• Update schedule resources allocation to ascertain that it matches the scope of work of the job and definitive cost estimate

• Establish a project change processing procedure with emphasis on change impact on schedule

• Institute performance indicators to be utilized and clarify their interpretation

• Review and revise activities working crew sizes and their qualification requirements

• Establish early warning systems for cost and schedule slippage• Establish a direct line of communication between cost control,

scheduling, material & equipment procurement, and on-site supervision and make all of them responsible for the project outcome.



Information Database

Conceptual Planning (Schedule, Resource, and

Methods)Cost Estimating

Time Resources Budget

Work Progress

Resource Usage Cost

Variance Analysis / Causation / Corrective Actions / Improvement

Baseline Current Status

Baseline Current Status

Schedule Delays?

Resource Overuse?

Cost Overrun?

Estimating

Planning

Monitoring

Control

Project Planning Scheduling and Control System


PLANNING FUNCTIONSPLANNING FUNCTIONS


TeamCommitment

ImplementationPlan

Team Interaction

Project Objectives

Customer Objectives

Management Objectives

Planning Objectives, Process Planning Objectives, Process and Drivers.and Drivers.

GENERAL PROCESS IN PROJECT GENERAL PROCESS IN PROJECT

PLANNINGPLANNING

Overall planning of a project can be grouped in a set of tasks that involves the sequence of the following tasks:

1) Initial coordination

2) Detailed description of tasks

3) Estimation of project cost

4) Scheduling

5) Project status report requirements

6) Planning for project termination



PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN : PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN :

SCHEDULLINGSCHEDULLING

Steps in development of project schedule:

A. Work Breakdown Structure – WBS

B. Determination Precedence Relationship

C. Usage of Scheduling Tools

A.A. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

• WBS is a diagram/chart that shows each steps in a project.

• WBS is breaking of tasks into smaller components.• Caution so that work breakdown not too small or too

large.• WBS is presented in the form of:

ographics oro Indentation lists


•WBS breakup according to Work Hierarchy following as:– Objective– Task and– Activity


WBS (graphic presentation)WBS (graphic presentation)

PROJEECTOBJECTIVE

1.0OBJECTIVE 1

2.0OBJECTIVE 2

TASK1-1

TASK1-2

TASK2-2

TASK2-3

TASK2-1

ACTIVITY1-1-1

ACTIVITY1-1-2

ACTIVITY1-2-1

ACTIVITY1-2-2

ACTIVITY1-1-3

ACTIVITY2--1-1

ACTIVITY2-1-3

ACTIVITY2-1-2

ACTIVITY2-2-1

ACTIVITY2-2-3

ACTIVITY2-2-2

ACTIVITY2-3-1

ACTIVITY2-3-2

1.0 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

1.1 OBJECTIVE 1

1.1.1 TASK A

1.1.2 TASK B

1.1.3 TASK C

1.2 OBJECTIVE 2

1.2.1 TASK X

1.2.2 TASK Y


WBS ( indentation list)WBS ( indentation list)

WORK HEIRARCHY WORK HEIRARCHY

• An OBJECTIVE is a combination of TASKS.• Several ways to determine the OBJECTIVE – the most

common is to divide according to team/functional group. Functional team is a group that specialist in a specific trade. Other methods are according to: o Main Sub-assemblieso Main sectionso Main specialisationo Main resource


1 - OBJECTIVE

DIVIDING PROJECT OBJECTIVE INTO MAIN OBJECTIVE

OFFICE RENOVATION

DEMOLITION& CLEARING

CONSTRUCTIONPLAN

&SPECIFICASITION

Project Objective

Objective


SUB-DIVISION ONE OBJECTIVE INTO TASKS

WORK HEIRARCHY WORK HEIRARCHY 2 - TASK

After setting the OBJECTIVE is to break it to TASK. A TASK represent one ‘deliverable’ from many other deliverables leading to the achievement of the objectives.

OFFICERENOVATION

DEMOLITION&

CLEARINGCONSTRUCTION

PLAN &

SPECIFICATION

Project Objective

ObjectIve

DISMANTLEFIXTURES &LIGHTINGs

STRIPPING LINO & FURNITURES

STRIPPINGOLD

WALL PAPERSTask


DIVIDE TASK INTO ACTIVITY

WORK HEIRARCHY WORK HEIRARCHY 3 - ACTIVITY

Then break further into ACTIVITIES. ACTIVITIES are the block work of a PROJECT, which are performed one by during in a specific time. If the pyramid is a PROJECT, the block unit is the ACTIVITY.

OFFICERENOVATION

DEMOLITION &

CLEARINGCONSTRUCTION

PLAN &SPECIFICATION

Project Objective

Objective

DISMANTLEFIXTURES & LIGHTINGS

STRIP-OFF OLD LINO & PLANKS

STRIPPINGWALL PAPER Task

SWITCH-OFFCIRCUIT

BREAKER

STRIP CHANDELIER AT FOYER AREA

STRIP TOPLIGHTINGS

DISMANTLECABINETS

DISPOSEDOLD MATERIALS

DISMANTLECOUNTER

Activity

Product Development Product Development WBSWBS

b.b. PRECEDENCE RELATIONSPRECEDENCE RELATIONS

• Completion of WBS does not mean that work can start immediately.

• Which activity should commence first, which should wait first, which activity should commence concurrently. This is ‘precedence’ relations.

• Precedence relationship between ACTIVITIES is based where it ties up with the other.


There is four (4) logical categorie that affects activity sequence:

1. Technical requirement

2. Safety and Efficiency

3. Policy and Priority

4. Available/not available of resources (money, equipments, labour etc.)


OVERALL PROJECT PLANNINGOVERALL PROJECT PLANNING

PROJECTPLANNING

ACQUISITIONPLAN

IMPLEMENTATIONPLAN

PROGRAMPLAN

OPERATIONAND

MAINTENANCEPLAN

VALIDATIONAND

VERFICATIONPLAN

SOURCESELECTION

PLANDEPLOYMENT

PLAN

DEACTIVASIONPLAN

Documents

PLANNING AND SCHEDULING 1 Project Planning and Scheduling