Pocket Surveyor Reference Manual - UAS Australiauas-australia.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pocket-surveyor-v2.pdf · Pocket Surveyor Reference Manual Page 6 of 60 1.2 Routine

Pocket Surveyor Reference Manual

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Table of Contents

Main Menu .................................................................................................................. 2

Units ............................................................................................................................ 3

User Input ................................................................................................................... 4

Conversion ................................................................................................................. 5

Close Program ........................................................................................................... 9

Coordinate Program ............................................................................................... 23

Curve Program ........................................................................................................ 26

Grade Program ........................................................................................................ 35

Level Program ......................................................................................................... 36

Points Program ........................................................................................................ 38

Resection Program ................................................................................................. 54

Vertical Curve .......................................................................................................... 58

Calculator ................................................................................................................. 60


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Main Menu

Press P1 to start the program. You will then see the below 2 images in sequence.

Start Screen Main Menu

Menu items descriptions

Calculator Starts the RPN calculator emulator Close Survey Close Program Convert Conversion of length and angles Program Coord Coordinate Program Curve Horizontal Curve Program Grade Straight line Grade Program Level Levelling Program Points Points Program Resection Resection Program Units Sets your local units and precisions Vcurve Vertical Curve Program EXIT Exits the program and closes all files

Do Not use the cross at the bottom of the screen as this will not clear the memory.


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Units This module customises the program to your needs and local parameters. This will setup the common variables for all of the program modules. Foot-Meter Conversion factor to convert 1 foot to 1 meter Link-Meter Conversion factor to convert 1 link to 1 meter Alternatively select either I.S. Which enters 0.3048 for feet

and 0.201168 for Links US Svy enters 0.3048006096 for feet

and 0.2011684 for Links Coordinate Display Display either Easting/Northing or Northing/Easting Angular Type 360 Degrees in the circle

400 Gons in the circle Grad e.g. N125°06’23”E If Grad is selected you are also required to select a degree option as well.

Angular Precision Can show solutions to the nearest second or 0.1 of a second Distance Precision Can show solutions to the nearest 0.1 of a meter

Evaluation Mode allows you to set the Foot, Link, Coordinate Display and Angular Type only. Angular and Distance precision are then set by the program to the nearest 1 second of arc and 0.1m.


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User Input Input commands can be entered in 3 ways.

Using the Archer2 keyboard This is limited when in grad mode.

Using the Archer2 inbuilt keyboards.

Either the size is too small for the pen supplied or limited due to and when in grad mode as you need to switch between screens using the ABC key to enter N/E/S/W.

The last option is using the keys from within the software.

This works for most situations. However this is also limited when you need to type in filenames. When this occurs use the Archer2 keyboard. It is either initiated automatically by the software or manually by the user.

Each option has the same functionality and is interchangeable at any time. The use of the Enter key for all of the abovementioned options (when the relevant fields are populated) will initiate the program related to those entered data fields. Otherwise enter the data and select the button for the operation you desire to perform.

Throughout the program after data has been entered and the operation has completed the initial data is then highlighted so that the next entry automatically overwrites that data. Select the textbox with your stylus to cancel and append the data.

If a field is blank hitting the Enter key moves the focus to the next textfield in the module.

Note: The yellow textbox’s are for data entry and the light cyan textbox’s are for solutions.


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Conversion 1.0 Introduction

This module enables conversion of imperial units to metric units and angle manipulation.

Dist Tab Distance conversions LKS→M Converts Links to Metres FT→M Converts Feet to Metres M→LKS Converts Metres to Links M→FT Converts Metres to Feet ARP→m2 Acres, Roods, Perches to m2 EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator Angle Tab Angle conversions HMS→ ddd.mmsss to decimal →HMS decimal to ddd.mmsss HMS+ Sums two angles HMS- Subtracts two angles 2FLD Two fold angular repetition Slope Converts slope distance into Horz. & Vert. components EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator

1.1 Routine LKS→M Example: Convert 100 links to metres. Type 100 in the Input Value textbox then initiate the LK→M routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown.


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1.2 Routine FT→M

Example: Convert 66 foot to metres. Type 66 in the Input Value textbox then initiate the FT→M routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. Note: For 66 feet 9 inches is typed in as 66.09 For 66 feet 10¾ inches is typed in as 66.10375 For 66 feet ¾ inches is typed in as 66.00375 1.3 Routine M→LKS Example: Convert 20.1168 metres to links. Type 20.1168 in the Input Value textbox then initiate the M→LKS routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. 1.4 Routine M→FT Example: Convert 30.48 metres to feet. Type 30.48 in the Input Value textbox then initiate the M→FT routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. 1.5 Routine ARP→m2 Example: Convert 1 Acre 12 Roods and 12 Perches to metres². Type 1.1212 in the Input Value textbox then initiate the ARP→m2 routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. Note: For 0 Acres 2 Roods 2 Perches type 0.0202 For 1 Acres 5.6 Perches type 1.00056


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Now press the Angle tab at the base of the screen to show the next menu. 1.6 Routine Slope Reduce a slope observation into its horizontal and vertical components. Example: Observation is 93°10'45" for 12.5m Type 93.1045 in the Input Vert. Angle textbox, hit Enter or select the Input Slope Dist. Textbox and type12.5. Now use the Enter key or press the Slope button. Solutions are displayed in the corresponding textboxes as shown. 1.7 Function HMS→ Example: Convert 93°10'45" to decimal degrees. Type 93.1045 in the Input Angle 1 textbox then initiate the HMS→ function by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. 1.8 Function →HMS Example: Convert a decimal angle 93.17916666666 to ddd.mmsss. Type 93.17916666666 in the Input Angle 1 textbox then initiate the →HMS function by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. 1.9 Function HMS+ Example: Sum two bearings 93°01'16" and 278°59'55". Type 93.0116 in the Input Angle 1 textbox and 278.5955 in the Input Angle 2 textbox then initiate the HMS+ function by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown.


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1.10 Function HMS-

Example: Subtract two bearings 93°01'16" and 278°59'55". Type 93.0116 in the Input Angle 1 textbox and 278.5955 in the Input Angle 2 textbox then initiate the HMS- function by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. 1.11 Routine 2FLD

Example: Sum and means two angular Observations B/S 93°01'16" F/S1 186°00'37" Plate locked, plunged and sighted to B/S F/S2 278°59'55"

Type 93.0116 in the Input Angle 1 textbox and 278.5955 in the Input Angle 2 textbox then initiate the 2FLD routine by pressing the corresponding button of the same name. Solution is displayed as shown. Note: This maybe 180° out if you have turned through 360°.


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Close Program 2.0 Introduction

This is the most commonly used program for computing cadastral surveying type problems. This module lets you enter, review, edit, add and manipulate entered close data. It also computes numerous types of missing line solutions, performs Bowditch and other adjustments.

2.1 Screen Descriptions

Input Tab Data Entry 180+ Adds 180 degrees to the bearing F Converts Feet to Metres L Converts Links to Metres + Adds value in Arc textbox to the Distance - Subtracts value in Arc textbox to the Distance x Multiplies value in Arc textbox to the Distance / Divides value in Arc textbox into the Distance Enter Inputs entered data to memory Run Displays the entered loop Bowd. Performs a Bowditch computation Print Prints the close to file New Starts a new close EXIT Returns to main menu Calc. Initiates the calculator Note: You have the option to write the close to a file.

Special Tab Additional Data Entry ½ Ang Secant Computation F Converts Feet to Metres L Converts Links to Metres HMS→ Converts ddd.mmsss to decimal →HMS Converts decimal to ddd.mmsss HMS+ Sums two angles HMS- Subtracts two angles 2FLD Two fold angular repetition EXIT Returns to main menu Calc. Initiates the calculator


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Calcs. Tab Computations MBMB 2 Missing Bearing Computation MDMB Missing Bearing and Distance on

separate lines Computation MDMD 2 Missing Distance Computation 1st Select first solution 2nd Select second solution Clear Clears the entered data to try again EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator Extra Tab Adjustments and file storage Adjust Angular misclose adjustment. Match Match close data to entered data. Start Save close to the Points directory. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc. Initiates the calculator.

When you input a filename to save to the Points directory the keyboard will need to be initiated (that is if you wish to name the file anything other than through the use of the available characters on the input panel). This is done by using the keyboard icon in the middle bottom row of the Archer2. Press the same icon to hide it when done.


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2.2 Working Example This chapter and examples will relate to the below diagram in some way or another. This diagram with the inclusion of a curved boundary encompasses the majority of problems faced with day to day survey calculations.


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2.3 Data Entry Menu

Input the close as shown on the left. Following the steps below. Type 86.2105 into the Bearing 1 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type 18.325 into the Distance 1 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus.

Type 15.01 into the Bearing 2 textbox (Trailing zeros not required) Type 10.01 into the Distance 2 textbox Repeat: Press the Enter button or use your stylus between entries.

Type 349.55 into the Bearing 3 textbox Type 12 into the Distance 3 textbox

Type 261.18 into the Bearing 4 textbox Type 19 into the Distance 4 textbox

Type 180 into the Bearing 5 textbox Type 19.775 into the Distance 5 textbox

Take note that after every successful entry the progressive Bearing, Distance, Area, Accuracy and data entry line number is displayed. Press the Enter button or use your stylus to enter the last leg of the close. At any stage in the data entry program if you wish to start again initiate the New routine. If however you wish to go to another program and not continue with the close initiate the EXIT routine to take you back to the main menu.

An example of inputting curve data is shown below. Type 86.2105 into the Bearing 1 textbox Type -18.763 into the Arc 1 textbox Type 25 in the Radius 1 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus between entries. Continue like above until all the data is entered.

Note: The arc is entered as a negative as when the arc cuts into the figure as it will have a negative effect on the Area.

If at any stage you wish to convert from Links or Feet when entering the Distance, Arc or Radius then enter the data into the relevant textbox and initiate the corresponding button to convert.

86°21'05" ~ 18.325 15°01'00 ~ 10.01 349°55'00" ~ 12.0 261°18'00" ~ 19.0 180°00'00" ~ 19.775 ( ) ~ ( )

86°21'05" ~ A18.763 R25.0 15°01'00 ~ 10.01 349°55'00" ~ 12.0 261°18'00" ~ 19.0 180°00'00" ~ 19.775 ( ) ~ ( )


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If for example you need to add two distance part way through your close but do not choose to use the calculator. Follow the example below. Add 66 feet 9 inches to 66 feet 10¾ inches. Type 66.09 into the Distance 1 textbox Press the F button Select the Arc 1 textbox with your stylus Note: If you hit Enter you may input the close Type 66.10375 into the Arc 1 textbox by mistake if a Bearing is also entered. Press the F button Press the + button

The same principal can is applied for subtraction, multiplication and division. The conversion form Links and Feet can also be used at any stage.

There other button displayed labeled 180+ simply adds 180° to the entered bearing.

2.4 Bowditch Routine

Now that all the data has been entered the misclose will be displayed as shown in the figure on the left. At this stage a Bowditch adjustment can be performed by initiating the Bowd routine. Once the computation is completed the result will be displayed as shown in the figure on the right. Note: The radius and arc length are not altered in the adjustment. Hence the arc area is not altered.


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2.5 Run Routine

This routine is used to display the entered close and if required, edit part or all of that close from start to finish. Only the relevant information will be displayed for each entry. i.e. if no curve data was entered initially then no curve information will be displayed. Upon initiating the Run routine the Bearing is highlighted and is ready to be overwritten if required. Alternatively amend either or both the bearing and distance values hit the Next button to continue. If no change is required press the Next button to proceed to the next leg of the traverse. Repeat until you reach the end. If the first leg of the traverse included a curve then the display would look something like that shown below. Once completed new solutions are computed and an updated area displayed.

2.6 2 Missing Distances Routine

To do this example input a new close as shown in diagram in section 2.2 by initiating the New routine in the Input menu. This time we will use the curve option of the program. Remember when the program asks for the Arc length +/- it is asking if the curve has a negative or a positive effect on the area. In this case it's a negative effect.

Type 86.2105 into the Bearing 1 textbox Press the Enter Key twice or select the Arc 1 textbox using the stylus Type -18.763 into the Arc 1 textbox Type 25 in the Radius 1 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus between entries

86°21'05" ~ A-18.763 R 25 15°01'00" ~ 10.01 349°55'00" ~ 12.0 261°18'00" ~ ( ? ) 180°00'00" ~ ( ? )


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Type 15.01 into the Bearing 2 textbox Type 10.01 into the Distance 2 textbox Type 349.55 into the Bearing 3 textbox Type 12 into the Distance 3 textbox The closing line solution is displayed in the Progressive Bearing and Progressive Distance textboxes. Now select the Calcs. menu tab Notice the top of the screen also shows the progressive Bearing and Distances Select the B1 in the 2 Missing Distance textbox by using the stylus Type 261.18 into that textbox Press the Enter Key or select the B2 in the 2 Missing Distance textbox by using the stylus Type 180 into that textbox Press the MDMD button to complete the computation The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes shown below.

Switch back to the Input menu to review the computed Area.

2.7 Routine 2 Missing Bearings

Input a new close exactly the same as in section 2.6. Check the closing line solution is displayed in the Progressive bearing and distance textboxes as shown.

Again select the Calcs. menu Select the D1 in the 2 Missing Bearings textbox by using the stylus Type 19 into that textbox Press the Enter Key or select the D2 in the 2 Missing Bearings textbox by using the stylus Type 19.775 into that textbox Press the MBMB button The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes on the next page.

86°21'05" ~ A-18.763 R 25 15°01'00" ~ 10.01 349°55'00" ~ 12.0 ( ? ) ~ 19.0 ( ? ) ~ 19.775


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As you can see there are 2 unique solutions at the intersections of the circles. We know the general direction of the desired solution which in this case is the second option. If you feel that a mistake has been made, press the Clear button to retype your input. Otherwise press the 2nd button to continue the computation. The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes. Switch back to the Input menu to review the computed area and accuracy of the close.

Note: As the solution shows it is not exactly the same as the diagram illustrates which is brought about by rounding errors in the relatively small close i.e. 2" in 19.775m equates to 0.2mm in deviation.

2.8 Routine Missing Bearing Missing Distance (Separate Lines)

Once again input a new close exactly the same as in section 2.6. Check the closing line solution is displayed in the Progressive Bearing and Progressive Distance textboxes as shown.

Select the Calcs. menu Select B1 in the Missing Distance Missing Bearing textbox using the stylus. Type 261.18 into that textbox Press the Enter Key or select the D2 in the Missing Distance Missing Bearing textbox by using the stylus Type 19.775 into that textbox Press the MDMB button The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes as shown on the next page.

86°21'05" ~ A-18.763 R 25 15°01'00” ~ 10.01 349°55'00" ~ 12.0 261°18'00" ~ ( ? ) ( ? ) ~ 19.775


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Again you can see there are 2 solutions at the intersections of the circles. We know the general direction of the desired solution which in this case is the second option.

If you feel that a mistake has been made, press the Clear button and retype your input. Otherwise press the 2nd button in this case to continue the computation. The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes. Switch back to the Input menu to review the computed Area.

Note: Again rounding errors have occurred due to the relatively small close. 2.9 Routine 1/2 Angle

As can be seen in this example there is not enough information to solve the unknowns straight away without first working out the ½ angle solution.

To do this example input a new close from the information above. In this example the area is not required so we only need to input the chord information. Start a new close Type 203.393 into the Bearing 1 textbox Press the 180+ button as we just input the bearing in the wrong direction Press the Enter Key or select the Distance 1 textbox using the stylus Type 50.574 into that textbox


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Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type 105.01 into the Bearing 2 textbox Press the Enter Key or select the Distance 2 textbox Type 50.1 into that textbox Select the Arc textbox using the Stylus (Do not use the Enter key or the data will be entered) Type 50 into the Arc 2 textbox Press the + button Press the Enter button or use your stylus Now select the Special menu Select the B1 textbox using your stylus Type 105.01 into that textbox Press the Enter Key or select the W1 textbox Type 50 into the W1 textbox Press the Enter Key (You can now see that the W2 data has been automatically filled in) Type 79.55 into the B2 textbox Press the Enter Key twice in this situation or select the ½ Ang button

Note: This solution is not entered into memory enabling it to be repeated if necessary.

However, if you are happy with the computed result then select the Input menu to continue. As shown to the right the data has been entered into the relevant locations and is ready to be input. Press the Enter button to input the data.

The solution is displayed in the relevant textboxes.


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2.10 Routine Secant

The Secant routine computes the join between two sets of parallel lines with two different offset distances.

To do this example, navigate to the Special menu Select the B1 textbox using your stylus Type 105.01 into the B1 textbox Press the Enter Key or select the W1 textbox Type 30 into the W1 textbox Press the Enter Key (The W2 data has been automatically filled in) Type 79.55 into the B2 textbox Press the Enter Key or select the W2 textbox Overwrite the text and type 25 into the W2 textbox Press the Enter Key or select the ½ Ang button

The solution is displayed in the relevant textboxes.

2.11 Angular routines

This section is duplicated from the Conversion module of the program. See chapters 1.7 - 1.11 for the full explanations of the functions shown in the screen grab.


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2.12 Angular Misclose

Enter the close as shown in the diagram above. You can see there is an angular difference of 5” to true. Now adjust your close so they match. Select the Angle textbox using your stylus and type in 0.0005 and select the Adjust button proportioning along the way.

Use the Run function to review the adjustment.

Final results

Return to the Input menu. The closing line solution is displayed in the relevant textboxes.

46°07'24" ~ 509.155 101°02'20" ~ 150.01 98°12'00" ~ 425.165 43°11'05" ~ 200.123 6°11'30" ~ 82.414 180°34'10" ~ 193.384

46°07'24" ~ 509.155 101°02'21" ~ 150.01 98°12'02" ~ 425.165 43°11'08" ~ 200.123 6°11'34" ~ 82.414 180°34'15" ~ 193.384


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2.13 Match Routine

Continuing on from the previous diagram, the angular misclose has been corrected for this routine allows you to match the entered data to what you enter. As shown in the diagram below select the Bear textbox using your stylus and type in 74.3435 then select the Dist textbox again using your stylus and type in 1119.555. Select the Match button to start the adjustment.

Notification that the routine has been completed is displayed.

Use the Run function to review the adjustment.

Final results

Return to the Input menu.

The closing line solution is displayed in the relevant textboxes.

46°08'21.9" ~ 509.232 101°03'18.9" ~ 150.0327 98°12'59.9" ~ 425.2293 43°12'05.9" ~ 200.1533 6°12'31.9" ~ 82.4265 180°35'12.9" ~ 193.4132


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2.14 Data Storage If the Write to file option is selected then after every new close has been completed a file is written to the My Documents/Survey/Close directory as shown for later quality assurance purposes. It is advisable that this folder is downloaded to your PC from time to time and cleared to free memory on your handheld device.

All filenames are automatically generated using the date and time on startup of Close. Sample Output

Start 15/08/14 9:31:25 AM Entered Close 86°21'05.0"~18.325m 15°01'00.0"~10.01m 349°55'00.0"~12m 261°18'00.0"~19m 180°00'00.0"~19.775m Misclose 90°39'09.4"~0.0009m Area 407.34m2 Accuracy 1in87,912 Bowditch Completed

Run Close 86°21'05.2"~18.325m 15°01'02.3"~10.01m 349°55'02.3"~12m 261°17'59.6"~19m 179°59'57.7"~19.775m Area 407.33 Misclose 30°44'26.7"~0.0000m Area 407.33m2 Accuracy 1in14,076,268 Finished


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Coordinate Program 3.0 Introduction This module enables quick and easy coordinate manipulation and computations.

Calc. Computes the bearing and distance

between the 2 sets of coordinates PT1 Sets Easting and Northing of point 2

to point 1 Enter Computes coordinates of Point 2

using coordinates of Point 1 and the entered Bearing and Distance

EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator

3.1 Working Example

You have set your instrument on SSM1235 and observe a back sight to SSM1234 from which you traverse to PM665 and PM664 as shown.


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3.2 Routine Calc. Computes the Bearing and Distance between two set of coordinates from point 1. Type 335988.123 into the East 1 textbox Type 1337261.513 into the North 1 textbox Type 335621.108 into the East 2 textbox Type 1336908.613 into the North 2 textbox Initiate the Calc. routine by pressing the Calc. button The solutions are displayed in the corresponding textboxes. This routine may be repeated many times by substituting new coordinates for point 1 or point 2. 3.3 Routine Traverse Now our back sight is known we can then traverse to our first station which is 101°02'20" and 150.01m away. Check 335988.123 is in the East 1 textbox Check 1337261.513 is in the North 1 textbox Type 101.022 into the Bear textbox Type 150.01 into the Dist textbox Then initiate the Traverse routine by pressing the Enter button The solutions are displayed in the corresponding textboxes. 3.4 Routine PT1 This routine simply swaps the coordinates from point 2 to that of point 1. Initiate the PT1 routine by pressing the button of the same name. As you can see the bearing is now highlighted and ready for a new entry.


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3.5 Continuation Repeat procedure for the next station 98°12'00" and 425.165m away. The solutions will be East 2: 336556.1756 and North 2: 1337172.149. Repeat for the next station in the series 43°11'05" at 200.123m away. The solutions will be East 2: 336693.1304 and North 2: 1337318.0689. Assuming the location of PM665 is unknown it can be computed by entering its coordinates into point 2 and then compute the join. Type 336702.019 into the East 2 textbox Type 1337400.002 into the North 2 textbox Then initiate the Calc routine by pressing the Calc. button. The solutions are displayed in the corresponding textboxes. We are now at PM665 and are now looking for PM664 Either:

1. Use the PT1 routine to swap the coordinates of point 2 into point 1 then enter the data for PM664 into point 2 and initiate the Misclose routine.

2. Input the data of PM664 into the point 1 coordinate set and initiate the Misclose routine. In this case remember the solution is from point 1 to point 2 so add 180°.


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Curve Program 4.0 Introduction This module is a horizontal curve setout program. It is used to compute bearings and distances to points on the curve using various methods.

Input Tab Input curve parameters Reset Clears all data fields EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator

Divide Tab Divide the arc into parts Equal Divides the arc into equal portions Step Divides the arc using arc lengths Chain Divides the arc by chainages EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator


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Setout Tab Additional curve computations Obs Computes the chainage and offsets

from entered bearing and distances CH Computes bearing and distances from entered chainage and offset EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator

4.1 Equal Division

Assuming you are at the position labeled 'A' and you wish to divide the arc into 5 equal segments. In the Data Input menu page insert the setup parameters. Type 350.192 into the Bearing In textbox Type 47.425 into the Bearing Out textbox Type 1000 into the Radius textbox There is no eccentric station so Leave Bearing and Distance textbox’s blank

At this stage the basic curve data has been entered into memory. Now press the Divide tab at the base of the screen to display the menu.


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Type 5 into the Equal textbox Then initiate the Equal routine by pressing the button of the same name The solutions will then be displayed as shown.

The Equal button has been renamed NEXT to show you there are more solutions to be displayed in the series. Keep pressing the NEXT button to display all the solutions.


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4.2 Division using Arc Lengths

Input the same data as in 4.1

Go to the Divide tab and Type 63.81 into the ARC1 textbox Type 300 into the ARCS textbox Then initiate the Step routine by pressing the button of the same name

The solutions will then be displayed as shown. The Step button has been renamed Next to show you there are more solutions to be displayed in the series. Keep pressing the Next button to display all the solutions.


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4.3 Division using chainages

Input the same data as in 4.1 .

Go to the Divide tab and Type 22.18 into the St. CH textbox Type 385.99 into the Reqd. textbox Initiate the Chain routine by pressing the Chain button

The solutions will then be displayed as shown. Repeat the procedure for the other chainages.


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4.4 Using an Eccentric Station Assuming you are at a location 342°02'55" and 623.01m away from the location labeled 'A' and you wish to divide the arc into 5 equal segments. In the Input menu page insert the setup parameters as below. Type 350.192 into the Bearing In textbox Type 47.425 into the Bearing Out textbox Type 1000 into the Radius textbox This time there is an eccentric station so Type 342.0255 in the Bearing to textbox Type 623.01in the Distance to textbox

Go to the Divide tab and Type 5 into the Equal textbox Then initiate the Equal routine by pressing the button of the same name

The solutions will then be displayed as shown. Continue as per normal.


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4.5 Setout by Observations

Using the diagram on the left for this example you will compute the chainage and offset of an observed point with relation to the design curve. Once again you have set your instrument at position labeled 'A'. In the Data Input menu page insert the setup parameters. Type 350.192 into the Bearing In textbox Type 47.425 into the Bearing Out textbox Type 1000 into the Radius textbox There is an eccentric station Type 43.4545 in the Bearing to textbox Type 461.213 in the Distance to textbox

Go to the Setout tab and Type 22.18 into the St.CH textbox Type 259.2519 into the Bearing to textbox Type 367.653 into the Distance to textbox Then initiate the Obs. routine by pressing the button of the same name.

The solutions will then be displayed as shown. Type 347.272 into the Bear textbox. Type 431.435 into the Dist textbox. Then initiate Obs. The solutions will then be displayed as shown.

When an observation is computed outside of the curve a dialog will be shown giving you an approximate distance back to either the start or end tangent whichever is closer.


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4.6 Setout by Chainage and Offset

Input the same data as in 4.5

Go to the Setout tab and Type 22.18 into the St.CH textbox Type 285.653 into the CH textbox Type 32.7 into the Offset textbox Then initiate the CH routine by pressing the button of the same name

The solutions will then be displayed as shown.

Type 624.712 into the CH textbox Type 0 into the Offset textbox Then initiate the CH: button The solutions will then be displayed as shown.

When an observation is computed outside the curve a dialog will be shown giving you an approximate distance back to either the start or end tangent whichever is closer.


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4.7 Anticlockwise rotation

If as shown in this case the curve has an anticlockwise rotation then the angles need to be subtracted and not added. To handle this situation simply input the radius as a negative value as shown below. In the Data Input menu page insert the setup parameter as shown. Type 227.425 into the Bearing In textbox. Type 170.192 into the Bearing Out textbox. Type -1000 into the Radius textbox.

The rest is exactly the same as previous examples.


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Grade Program 5.0 Introduction

This program deals with linear vertical alignments. Use the diagram as shown on the left of the page to follow the example below. This operation can be done two ways.

Option1: Input the Start and End information and let the program compute the grade. Option2: Input the Start information then input the grade. 5.1 Option 1

Select the Start CH: textbox by using the stylus. Type 0 in the Start CH: textbox. Type 18.241 in the Start RL: textbox. Type 70 in the End CH: textbox. Type 22.003 in the End RL: textbox. Type 30 in the Enter CH: textbox. Press the Reduce button. The solution will then be displayed as shown.

5.2 Option 2

Select the Start CH: textbox by using the stylus. Type 0 in the Start CH: textbox. Type 18.241 in the Start RL: textbox. Type 5.3743 in the Grade in textbox. Type 40 in the Enter CH: textbox. Press the Reduce button. The solution will then be displayed as shown.


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Level Program 6.0 Introduction This program enables reductions to level run.

BS IS FS RISE FALL LEVEL 1.849

0.182 2.378

-0.837

0.810

1.256 1.310

-0.631 0.673

0.000 3.533

1.039 1.441

1.122

1.310

0.491

0.054

4.370 MISC.

14.130 15.169 16.610 16.119 17.241 17.187 18.497 14.127 0.003

Type 14.13 in the RL textbox. Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type 1.849 in the B/S textbox. Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type 0.81 in the I/S textbox. Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type -.631 in the F/S textbox.

The solutions so far will then be displayed as shown. If at any stage the level needs adjustment simply select the RL textbox and enter the correct value. If you wish to start again press the Restart button which will clear the whole display. The DEL button deletes the last entered line of data. 4 Dec alters the decimal precision to 4 places. (Must be done at the start of the Run) If you wish to return to the main menu use the EXIT button.


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Continue until all the observations are entered. The solutions are displayed as shown.


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Points Program 7.0 Introduction This is a coordinate based Close program also utilises the upload/download capabilities of your PDA. This module lets you enter, review, edit, add and manipulate closure data. It also computes numerous types of missing line solutions and adjustments. It is a combination of many of the previous programs covered in this manual.

File Tab File manipulation Load Load and existing file from memory. Delete Deletes file from memory. Save Save working file to memory. New Start a new close. EXIT Returns to main menu.

Input Tab Data entry Enter Input coordinates into memory. 180+ Adds 180 degrees to the bearing. F Converts Feet to Metres. L Converts Links to Metres. + Adds value in Distance textbox

with the value in Arc textbox. - Subtracts value in Distance

textbox with the value in Arc textbox. Enter Input close data into memory. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator.


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Close Tab Computational tab Calc. Calcs. Bear & Dist between points. Run Display & Edit a loop between points. Up Displays the next Bear & Dist. Down Displays the previous Bear & Dist. Bowd. Performs a Bowditch adjustment. Calc Displays coordinates. Up Displays the next coordinate set. Down Displays the previous coordinate set. Calc Computes area by coordinates. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator. Calcs Tab Missing Computations MBMB 2 Missing Bearing Computation. MDMB Missing Bearing and Distance on

separate lines Computation. MDMD 2 Missing Distance Computation 1st Select first solution. 2nd Select second solution. Clear Clears the fields for re-entry EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator. Curve Tab Curve data Equal Divides a curve into equal portions. Step Divides a curve using arc lengths. Chain Divides a curve by chainages. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator.


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Extra Tab Close adjustment Scale Scales a group of points. Rotate Rotates a group of points. Shift Shifts a group of points. Delete Deletes all points after the entered number. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator. Other Tab Additional computations 1/2 Ang ½ Angle / Secant Computation. F Converts Feet to Metres. L Converts Links to Metres. HMS→ Converts ddd.mmsss to decimal. →HMS Converts decimal to ddd.mmsss. HMS+ Sums two angles. HMS- Subtracts two angles. 2FLD Two fold angular repetition. EXIT Returns to main menu. Calc Initiates the calculator.


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7.1 Load Routine

If a job has previously been stored into your PDA’s memory it can be retrieved and added through the use of the Load routine. Simply select your file e.g. fromclose from the listbox on the left of the screen with your stylus then press the Load button. Once the file has been loaded the current opened file is displayed in the Enter Filename textbox and the total number of points loaded is displayed.

7.2 Save Routine

When you require to store the current job into memory you must first type the name you wish to call the file in the Enter Filename textbox before pressing the Save button. Type test in the Enter Filename Textbox then press the Save button. If the save was successful then a dialog is displayed advising so. The number of points stored is also displayed and the file list is updated.


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7.3 Delete Routine

To delete a stored job from memory select the file from the listbox on the left of the screen with your stylus then press the Delete button. You need to confirm that the file you have chosen is correct. If it is, select the Yes button the file is deleted and the list-box is updated showing the entire directory less the file you deleted.

7.4 Working Example


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7.5 New Routine At the start of every job this routine must be initiated so as to clear all stored variables out of your PDA’s memory and setup a new working file. After pressing the New button on the File tab you are then directed to the Input menu where you are asked to enter the start easting and northing for point 1. Once the coordinates are entered the program is ready to begin entering close data.

Press the New button on the File tab Type 1000 in the Enter Easting textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus to select the Northing textbox Type 2000 in the Enter Northing textbox Press the Enter key or use your stylus and press the Enter button The screen has now changed to reflect the entered data and awaits input of Bearing and Distance information from point 1. This point will be stored as point 2.

7.6 Enter a Close Adhering to the diagram in section 7.4 enter the close by following the instructions below:- Check Traverse from Point # is 1 Type 20.1 into the Bearing to 2 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus Type 286.4 into the Distance to 2 textbox Press the Enter button or use your stylus You can see now we are entering data from point 2. i.e. Traverse from Point # is 2 Type 99.1015 into the Bearing to 3 textbox Type 601.7 into the Distance to 3 textbox Repeat: Press the Enter button or use your stylus between entries Type 195.3 into the Bearing to 4 textbox Type 780.48 into the Distance to 4 textbox Type 358.18 into the Bearing to 5 textbox Type 203 into the Distance to 5 textbox Type 308.1245 into the Bearing to 6 textbox Type 608.6 into the Distance to 6 textbox Curve data is entered exactly the same as in section 2.3. However as the program is coordinate based every arc is entered as a positive as the arc area is not included within the computations.


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If you wish to convert from Links or Feet when entering the Distance, Arc or Radius then type the data into the relevant textbox and then initiate the corresponding buttons F or L to perform the conversions as shown in previous sections. 7.7 Run Routine Now that you have entered all the data within the close it is a good time to validate its correctness. To do this we need to review the data that was input through the Run routine by following the instructions below:- Select the Close menu. Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 6 in the End Point textbox Press the Run button Press Next (previously the Run button) to see the next line of the close. If the displayed line is in error you can amend the Bearing and or Distance text (in their raw state) followed by the Next button. This will automatically alter the input data and compute new coordinates for the rest of the close upon completion. Note: This routine must be completed prior to initiating any other routine. Before any other operations are performed it is advisable to store the data to a file. Initiate the Save routine on the File screen and use the filename example1. 7.8 Coordinate Routine This routine will display coordinate information of an individual point and allow it to be edited. Select the Close menu Type 2 in the PT # textbox Press the Calc button The solution will be displayed as shown. If the displayed coordinates are in error you can amend the Easting’s and or Northing’s by overwriting then. Use the Up or Down buttons to store the amendment to memory. This will alter the coordinate information for that point only.


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The Up button is used to display the next point that is stored in memory as is the Down button is used to display the previously stored point. The data sequence is:- Point 1 Easting 1000.0000 Northing 2000.0000 Point 2 Easting 1098.7370 Northing 2268.8419 Point 3 Easting 1692.7458 Northing 2172.9437 Point 4 Easting 1484.1716 Northing 1420.8495 Point 5 Easting 1478.1493 Northing 1623.7601 Point 6 Easting 999.9590 Northing 2000.2278 7.9 Join Routine As shown by the coordinates of point number 6 there is a misclose within the loop in the order of magnitude of 0.041 in Easting and 0.2278 in Northing. The JOIN routine can equate this relationship of Easting’s and Northing’s to Bearing and Distance between any two points. Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 6 in the End Point textbox Press the Calc button The solution will be displayed as shown. Notice this time the display if formatted as ddd.mmsss and hence cannot be edited Use the Down button to see the solution from point 1 to 5. Use the Down button again to see the solution from point 1 to 4. Use the Up button to see the solution from point 1 to 5 again. 7.10 Bowditch Routine A Bowditch adjustment can be performed on the data you have just entered through the use of the Bowd button. Before the data is adjusted the routine firstly computes the accuracy of the loop and then provides you with the option to perform the adjustment or leave the data as is. In this case we wish to adjust the data set by selecting the Yes button. Once completed use the Run routine as in section 7.7 to see the adjusted data. The adjusted closure is shown over.


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Line 1 Bearing 20°10'09.7" Distance 286.3769m Line 2 Bearing 99°10'33.2" Distance 601.7186m Line 3 Bearing 195°29'51.6" Distance 780.5456m Line 4 Bearing 358°18'02.8" Distance 202.9813m Line 5 Bearing 308°12'32.2" Distance 608.5575m 7.11 Rotate Routine The Bowditch adjustment has now altered the data and now shows that the initial azimuth line to be 20°10'09.7" up from 20°10'00.0". The Rotate routine will swing the data set back to that of the original starting azimuth. Select the Extra menu Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 6 in the End Point textbox Type -0.00097 in the Enter Rotation Angle textbox Press the Rotate button Use the Run routine to review the sequence. Line 1 Bearing 20°10'00.0" Distance 286.3769m Line 2 Bearing 99°10'23.5" Distance 601.7186m Line 3 Bearing 195°29'41.9" Distance 780.5456m Line 4 Bearing 358°17'53.2" Distance 202.9813m Line 5 Bearing 308°12'22.5" Distance 608.5575m 7.12 Scale Routine If it is found that a scale factor is needed to be applied to the observations then the Scale routine can be used to adjust the data. For this example let's assume that a scale factor of 0.996 is needed to be applied to the observations. Select the Extra menu Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 6 in the End Point textbox Type 0.996 in the Scale Factor textbox Press the Scale button Once again utilise the Run routine to review the adjusted data. The sequence will appear like this:- Line 1 Bearing 20°10'00.0" Distance 286.2314m Line 2 Bearing 99°10'23.5" Distance 599.3117m Line 3 Bearing 195°29'41.9" Distance 777.4234m Line 4 Bearing 358°17'53.1" Distance 202.1694m Line 5 Bearing 308°12'22.5" Distance 606.1233m


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7.13 Shift Routine

We now know that our traverse loop has been corrected to represent the true positions as best possible. As shown in the initial diagram point 3 is located at PM12345 which have real world coordinates of Easting 346900.123 and Northing 1336156.011. Knowing this and the coordinates of point number 3 stored into memory the data set can be adjusted. First of all we need to find the current coordinates of point number 3. Follow the instructions below:- Select the Close menu Type 3 in the Point # textbox Press the Calc button Select the Extra menu Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 6 in the End Point textbox Type 3 in the Use Pt. textbox Type 346900.123 in the +/- Easting textbox Type 1336156.011 in the +/- Northing textbox Press the Shift button The sequence will be displayed as shown. Point 1 Easting 346210.1418 Northing 1335983.8079 Point 2 Easting 346308.4759 Northing 1336251.5529 Point 3 Easting 346900.1230 Northing 1336156.0110 Point 4 Easting 346692.4314 Northing 1335406.8439 Point 5 Easting 346686.4267 Northing 1335608.9241 Point 6 Easting 346210.1417 Northing 1335983.8078 Note: The shift routine works on the fact that if a number is in the Use Pt. textbox then those coordinates are used in the adjustment. If however the Use Pt. textbox is blank then the whole data will be moved the full amount that you enter. 7.14 Additional Data Points Now knowing that we are on azimuth, the coordinates are adjusted we are able to input the true coordinates of PM12346 which has an Easting of 347425.118 and Northing of 1336098.605. Follow the instructions below:-

Select the Input menu Type 347425.118 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1336098.605 in the Enter North textbox Press the Enter Key or the Enter button As shown on the screen the coordinates will be allocated to point # 7.


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Once completed use the Calc. routine on the Close tab to review the connection between PM12345 and PM12346 (i.e. Pt3 and Pt7). The solution will be displayed as Bearing 96°14'24.9" and Distance 528.1242m. 7.15 Area Routine This routine computes area by coordinates within a continuous string of points. Let's say we need an area of the traverse loop from point number 1 to 6. As we have adjusted the data set the coordinates of point number 6 should be exactly the same as point number 1 therefore in this case only it is redundant to the computation. Follow the instructions below:- Select the Calc menu Type 1 in the Start Point textbox Type 5 in the End point textbox. Press the Area button 7.16 Use the Load Routine Load from memory "example1" as previously shown to continue on with the examples. 7.17 2 Missing Distances Routine

This routine performs a 2 missing distance computation between data points. We have computed the bearing and distance from point 2 to point 4 as 155°33'25.1"~931.4779m but not necessarily for this operation. Follow the instructions below:-

Select the Calcs menu Type 2 in the From Point textbox Type 4 in the To Point textbox Type 15.3 into the B1 (MDMD) textbox Type 279.1015 into the B2 (MDMD) textbox Press the Enter Key or press the MDMD button The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes. Note: It is important to note that when performing the 2 missing distance computation the solutions are direction sensitive. So if the program flags to the bearings don't intersect it could be that one direction has been entered 180 degrees out.

155°33'25.1" ~ 931.4778 15°30'00.0" ~ ( ? ) 279°10'15.0"~ ( ? )


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7.18 2 Missing Bearings Routine

This routine performs a 2 missing bearing computation between data points. Again we have computed the bearing and distance from point 2 to point 4 as 155°33'25.1"~931.4778m. Follow the instructions below:-

Check 2 is in the From Point textbox Check 4 is in the To Point textbox Type 780.48 into the D1 (MBMB) textbox Type 601.7 into the D2 (MBMB) textbox Press the Enter Key or press the MBMB button The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes As you can see there are 2 unique solutions at the intersections of the circles. We know the general direction of the desired solution which in this case is the second option. If you feel that you have made a mistake on input then press the Clear button and start again. In this case press the 2nd button to continue the computation. The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes. 7.19 Missing Bearing Missing Distance Routine

This routine performs a missing bearing and missing distance solution computation on separate lines between data points. Same as before follow the instructions below:-

Check 2 is in the From Point textbox Check 4 is in the To Point textbox Type 15.3 into the B1 (MDMB) textbox Type 601.7 into the D2 (MDMB) textbox Press the Enter Key or press the MDMB button The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes Again there are 2 unique solutions at the intersections of the circles. Select the desired solution which in this case is the first option. You made need to try both.

155°33'25.1" ~ 931.4778 ( ? ) ~ 780.48 ( ? ) ~ 601.7

155°33'25.1" ~ 931.4778 15°30'00.0" ~ ( ? ) ( ? ) ~ 601.7


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If you feel that you have made a mistake on input then press either the 1st or 2nd button to get a solution then retype your input from the start disregarding that answer. In this case press the 2nd button (as this solution is the correct direction) to continue the computation. The solutions are displayed in the relevant textboxes. 7.20 Delete Routine The Delete routine enables the deletion of points from memory. It is limited in the fact that when you initiate the routine you can only delete all the points after a certain point number to the end of the point file (i.e. you cannot delete a point in the middle). If you wish to delete all coordinate information for point number 5 and above then follow the steps below:- Select the Extra menu Type 4 in the PT # → textbox Press the Delete button 7.21 Equal Routine This routine divides curves into smaller arc segments. Before starting, load "example1" into memory. If you wish to put the centre of the circle into memory simply use the input menu to do so and traverse from point 3 or 4 which will be allocated point number 7 (the centre of the circle although not needed for the computations). Start the curve input by entering the initial constraints by following the steps as outlined below: Select the File menu Select the file example1 from the list-box Press the Load button Select the Curve tab Type 3 in the PT # textbox Type 144.11436 in the Enter Bearing In textbox Type 246.48164 in the Enter Bearing Out textbox Type 500 in the Enter Radius textbox We will divide the arc into 3 equal segments therefore Type 3 in the No. of Divisions textbox Press the Equal button A message will appear to show you the operation has been successful and coordinates applied.


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Checking the results the coordinates will be as below. Point 8 Easting: 1787.0418 Northing: 1894.4067 Point 9 Easting: 1708.4562 Northing: 1611.0361 Point 10 Easting: 1484.1716 Northing: 1420.8493 You will notice that point 10 is the same as point 4 apart from minor rounding errors. 7.22 Step Routine If you wish to divide the curve using arc lengths instead then use the Step routine. Follow the steps as outlined below: Check 3 is in the Tangent Point # textbox Check 144.11436 is in the Enter Bearing In textbox Check 246.48164 is in the Enter Bearing Out textbox Check 500 is in the Enter Radius textbox Now we wish to divide the arc using arc lengths Type 298.478 in the Arc1 textbox Type 298.478 in the Arcs textbox Press the Step button. A message will appear to show you the operation has been successful and coordinates applied. Checking the results the coordinates will be as below. Point 11 Easting: 1787.0418 Northing: 1894.4065 Point 12 Easting: 1708.4560 Northing: 1611.0358 Point 13 Easting: 1484.1719 Northing: 1420.8495 Similar results to the Equal routine except for minor rounding errors.

7.23 Chain Routine

If instead you wish to divide the arc using known chainages then the Chain routine is the way to go. Follow the steps as outlined below: Check 3 is in the Tangent Point # textbox Check 144.11436 is in the Enter Bearing In textbox Check 246.48164 is in the Enter Bearing Out textbox Check 500 is in the Enter Radius textbox Now divide the arc using arc lengths Type 0 in the St.CH textbox Type 298.478 in the Reqd. textbox Press the Chain button


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A message will appear to show you the operation has been successful and coordinates applied. Repeat as required Type 596.955 in the Reqd. textbox Press the Chain button Type 895.433 in the Reqd. textbox Press the Chain button Checking the results the coordinates will be displayed as shown below. Point 14 Easting: 1787.0418 Northing: 1894.4065 Point 15 Easting: 1708.4565 Northing: 1611.0366 Point 16 Easting: 1484.1719 Northing: 1420.8495

7.24 Curve Offset Routine If you do not wish to mark the centerline but for example an offset of 20m at 200m intervals along the centerline from the tangent point then follow the steps below:- Firstly you need to create the new tangent point To do this traverse from Point 3 54°11’ for 20m as shown Select the Curve tab Type 17 in the Tangent Point # textbox Check 144.11436 is in the Enter Bearing In textbox Check 246.48164 is in the Enter Bearing Out textbox Type 520 in the Enter Radius textbox Using the calculator compute 520/500*200=208 Type 208 in the Arc1 textbox Type 208 in the Arcs textbox Press the Step button Points 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 will be allocated into memory.


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Checking the results the coordinates are displayed as shown below. Point 17 Easting: 1708.9661 Northing: 2184.6442 Point 18 Easting: 1794.1408 Northing: 1996.4010 Point 19 Easting: 1799.2866 Northing: 1789.8490 Point 20 Easting: 1723.5910 Northing: 1597.5982 Point 21 Easting: 1579.0047 Northing: 1450.0007 Point 22 Easting: 1492.0487 Northing: 1402.4659

7.25 Anticlockwise Rotation

If the curve division has an anticlockwise rotation the angle should be subtracted and not added as shown in the previous examples. To handle this situation simply input the radius as a negative value. i.e. In the previous example you would of typed -520 in the Enter Radius textbox. 7.26 Menu Other This menu has been duplicated from the conversion and close programs. The functionality has already been explained those chapters 1.7 - 1.11 and 2.9 - 2.10.


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Resection Program 8.0 Introduction This is a resection program using the Croute-Cholesky method. The number of observations and proportionally the size of the matrices is only limited by the device memory. For this example you will perform a 5 ray resection as shown in the diagram below:


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8.1 Menus Input Tab Input Data Enter Inputs data to memory Review Check the data that has been

input and allows you to edit it Restart As implies start again from the

beginning (Clears all entries) Write to file Allows all the information to be

written to a text file on your device

EXIT Returns to main menu Calc Initiates the calculator

Calcs. Tab Computations Calc. Computes the solution Review Displays final Bearings &

distances EXIT Returns to main menu.


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8.2 Data Entry Type 123624.631 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1104296.298 in the Enter Northng textbox Type 0 in the Enter Obs. textbox Initiate the Enter key or Enter Button Type 128580.138 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1120422.687 in the Enter Northing textbox Type 82.34425 in the Enter Obs. textbox Initiate the Enter key or Enter Button Type 138062.093 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1125336.808 in the Enter Northing textbox Type 136.24495 in the Obs. textbox Initiate the Enter key or Enter Button Type 143606.974 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1119247.75 in the Enter Northing textbox Type 176.33308 in the Enter Obs. textbox Initiate the Enter key or Enter Button Type 147598.014 in the Enter Easting textbox Type 1110280.567 in the Enter Northing textbox Type 227.21544 in the Enter Obs. textbox Initiate the Enter key or Enter Button Now enter the rest of the information Type 5 in the Std. Dev. (sec) textbox Type 0.001 in the Precision Reqd. (m) textbox Type 135625 in the Input Trial Easting textbox Type 1112823 in the Input Trial Northing textbox Select the Write to file option. 8.3 Data Review Use the Review function to check the correctness of the data entered. Simply press the Review button and if the data is in error amend it then press Next to continue to the next entry. Once you are happy with the data set select the Calcs tab. Ensure to finish reviewing all data before moving on.


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8.4 Calc Routine Start the computation by pressing the Calc. button. At this stage the program checks if the Write to file button has been checked and if so a file is created containing the date and time in its name and the data is written to it. The final solution is displayed as shown below.

Sample output file.

8.5 Review Routine

Once the computation has been finalised, use the Review routine to display the final bearings and distances as shown below.

Etc….

Start 3/08/14 8:35:59 PM Resection Input Data Easting 1 = 123624.631 Northing 1 = 1104296.298 Observation 1 = 0°00'00.0" Easting 2 = 128580.138 Northing 2 = 1120422.687 Observation 2 = 82°34'42.5" Easting 3 = 138062.093 Northing 3 = 1125336.808 Observation 3 = 136°24'49.5" Easting 4 = 143606.974 Northing 4 = 1119247.75 Observation 4 = 176°33'30.8" Easting 5 = 147598.014 Northing 5 = 1110280.567 Observation 5 = 227°21'54.4"

Standard Deviation 5 Precision .001 Trial Easting 135625 Trial Northing 1112823 Results After 2 Iterations Final Easting 135,623.193 Final Northing 1,112,820.492 Bearing 1 = 234°36'31.3" Distance 1 = 14,718.2667 Bearing 2 = 317°11'11.1" Distance 2 = 10,363.3003 Bearing 3 = 11°01'34.9" Distance 3 = 12,751.7214 Bearing 4 = 51°09'52.4" Distance 4 = 10,249.4102 Bearing 5 = 101°58'31.0" Distance 5 = 12,241.2236


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Vertical Curve 9.0 Introduction

This program is used to compute vertical curve alignments. Use the diagram above and follow the example below.

S Compute the start chainage details E Compute the end chainage details High/Low Compute High / Low point details Reduce Computes the entered chainage details Calc. Initiates the calculator EXIT Returns to main menu


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Type -8 in the Grade in textbox Type -1.702 in the Grade out textbox Type 44 in the I.P. CH textbox Type 13.274 in the I.P. RL textbox Type 40 in the Len. VC textbox Then press the S button Then press the E button Then press the High/Low button Type 45 in the Enter CH textbox Press the Reduce button

You now have solutions for the start and end of the curve and you know that there is no High or Low points within that curve. Now type 60 in the Enter CH textbox Press the Reduce button Now type 70 in the Enter CH textbox Press the Reduce button Note: When the required chainage is outside the vertical curve notification on this is displayed and the incoming or outgoing grades are projected to provide a straight line solution from the corresponding tangent point.


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Calculator 10.0 Introduction This program was formulated to provide a basic Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) calculator emulator that can be accessed from any of the programs through the Calc button. + Adds 1 significant figure to display. - Subtracts 1 significant figure. FIX Sets 5 significant figures. STD Shows all significant figures. MC Clears the memory. MR Recalls the memory. M- Subtracts the number on line 1 from the value in memory. M+ Adds the number to the memory. F Converts from Feet to Metres. L Converts from Links to Metres. HMS+ Adds angles on line 1 and line 2 →HMS Converts line 1 from decimal to ddd.mmss CLR Clears the whole display. DEL Deletes the number on line 1. BS Deletes the last character entered. HMS- Subtracts the angle on line 1 from line 2. HMS→ Converts the number on line 1 to decimal degrees. Y^X Converts line 2 to the power of line 1. SWAP Swaps the value on line 1 and line 2. ASIN Computes the arc sin of the value line 1. ACOS Computes the arc cosine of the value line 1. ATAN Computes the arc tangent of the value line 1. SQRT Computes the square root of the value line 1. SIN Computes the sin of the value line 1. COS Computes the cosine of the value line 1. TAN Computes the tangent of the value line 1. x2 Computes the square of the value line 1. EEX Adds a power to the number on line 1. +/- Changes the sign of the number on line 1. 1/X Divides the number 1 by the number on line 1. / Divides the number on line 2 with line 1. . Enters a decimal point. x Multiplies the number on line 2 with line 1. - Subtracts the number on line 2 with line 1. / Divides the number on line 2 with line 1. + Adds the number on line 2 with line 1. PI Inputs the value of PI on line 1. ENTER Enters the value on line 1 into the stack.