Prachi Uniqueness of Human Being

8/9/2019 Prachi Uniqueness of Human Being

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PRESENTATION GIVEN BY :

NIDHI SHARMAPRACHI BHARDWAJ

PRADEEP SAVITA

POOJA CHAUDHARI

TOPIC:

UNIQUENESS OF HUMAN BEINGSAND EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL

EFFECT ON HUMAN BEHAVIOUR


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Uniqueness ofUniqueness of

Human BeingsHuman Beings


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1- Personality

Personality represents the overall profile or a

combination of stable physical and psychological

attributes that capture the unique nature of a

person.

It is a set of physical and mental characteristicsthat reflect how a person looks, thinks, acts and

feels.


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The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

This personality test taps four characteristics and classifies peopleinto 16 personality types. These characteristics are:

Extraverted vs. Introverted [E, I] Extraverted individuals are

outgoing, sociable and assertive. Introverts are quiet and shy.

Sensing vs. Intuitive [S, I]Sensing types are practical and preferroutine and order. Intuitive rely on unconscious processes and look

at the big picture.

Thinking vs. Feeling [T, F]Thinking types use reason and logic

to handle problems. Feeling types rely on their personal values andemotions.

Judging vs. Perceiving [J, P] Judging types want control and

prefer their world to be ordered and structured. Perceiving types are

flexible and spontaneous.


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2) The Big Five Personality Framework2) The Big Five Personality Framework

Agreeableness

The ability to get along with others.

Cooperative, warm, trusting.

Conscientiousness

A measure of reliability. Responsible,

organized, dependable.


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Extraversion

The quality of being comfortable withrelationships. Gregarious, assertive, sociable.

Openness

The capacity to entertain new ideas and to

change as a result of new information. Creative,

curious, artistic.

Emotional stability

Ability to handle stress. Calm, self-

confident, secure.


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3) Self- Esteem

Individuals degree of liking or disliking themselves and

the degree to which they are worthy or unworthy as a

person.

People with low self esteem are more likely to seek

approval from others and are more prone to conform tothe beliefs and behaviors of those they respect than are

people with high self esteem.


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4) Locus of Control

The degree to which people believe they are in

control of their own fate

Internals

Individuals who believe that they control

what happens to them

Externals

Individuals who believe that what happens

to them is controlled by outside forces such

as luck or chance


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5) Self- Monitoring

A persons ability to adjust his or herbehavior to external, situational factors.

High self-monitors:

Sensitive to external cues.

Behave differently in different situations.

Lowself-monitors:

Not sensitive to external cues.

Are not able to disguise their behaviors.


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6) Risk-Taking

Refers to a persons willingness to take chances

or risks

High risk taking managers make more rapid

decisions and use less information in making

their choices than the low risk taking managers.

The decision accuracy of both the groups wasfound to be the same.


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EXTERNAL ANDINTERNAL EFFECT

ON HUMANBEHAVIOUR


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INTERNAL FACTOR: Explanations based on

action for which the individual is responsible.

EXTERNAL FACTOR: Explanations based on

situations over which the individual has nocontrol.


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Kelleys Theory of casual Attribution

The approach suggesting that people will

believe others actions to be caused by

internal or external factors based on three

types of information :

1-) Consensus : Information regarding the

extent to which other people behave in the

same manner as the person were judging.


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2-) Consistency : Information regarding the

extent to which the person were judging acts

the same way at other times

3-) Distinctiveness : Information regarding the

extent to which a person behaves in the same

manner in other contexts.


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1) HALO EFFECT

The tendency for our overall impressions of

others to affect objective evaluations of theirspecific traits ; perceiving high correlation

between characteristics that may be

unrelated.


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2) THE SIMILAR-TO-ME-EFFECT

The tendency for people to perceive in a positivelight others who are believed to be similar tothemselves in any of several to themselves in anyof several different ways.


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3) Selective Perception

The tendency to focus on some aspects

of the environment while ignoringothers.

They give greatest attention to thoseaspects of the business environmentthat match their backgroundexperiences.


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4) First- impression Error

The tendency to base our

judgment of others on our

earlier impressions of them.


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THANK YOU

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Prachi Uniqueness of Human Being