The Present Perfect TenseIntroduction

How long have you lived in Denver?

How long have you lived in Denver?

I have lived here for 6 months.

I’ve lived here since August.

Sandra has lived here for a while.

Simão’s lived here for just a short time.

Present Perfect

Statements:

Subject + have/has + past participle

Questions:

(Wh) + have/has + subject + past participle

Present Perfect

Statements:

Subject + have/has + past participle

I + have + lived here 6 months.

Sarah + has + bought a car.

Present PerfectQuestions:

(Wh) + have/has + subject + past participle

Where have you been in the U.S.?

Who have you met since you moved to Denver?

Have you seen the movie Man of Steel?

Present Perfect

When do we use the present perfect?

Present perfect: Use 1

Present Perfect: Use 1

Actions or states started in the past and continue to now.

Ex 1: I have had a car since August.

Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.

Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen...

Nobody knows my sorrow.

Present Perfect: Use 2

Finished actions with unspecified time; Experience

Ex: I have been to Thailand, so I speak a little Thai.

Ex: What is that? I’ve never seen anything like it!

Present Perfect: Use 3

Present Perfect: Use 3

When do we use the present perfect?

Actions that were repeated in past & could repeat again.

Ex: I have sent him three emails so far today. Am I annoying?

Ex: He has eaten at that restaurant many times.

Present Perfect

Which time words are used?

Since (with a starting point in the past)

Since last week; Since I was sixteen.

For (with a length of time)

For two days. For a long time.

Present Perfect

Which adverbs are frequently used?

Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)

Never

Already

Yet (Only for questions; negative statements)

Present Perfect

Use Ever/Never for experience

Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)

Have you ever met a celebrity? No, I have not ever met a celebrity.

Never

I have never met a celebrity. What is something you’ve never done?

Present PerfectUse Yet/Already for complete/incomplete

Yet (Only for questions or negative statements)

Have you finished your dinner yet? No, I am not done yet.

Already (Positive statements or surprised question)

I’ve already read that book. Wow! Have you already finished 400 pages?

Present Perfect Progressive

Present Perfect Progressive

When do we use the present perfect progressive?

Actions that started in past and are in progress now

Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.

Ex 2: He has been sleeping for twenty hours! Is he ill?

PP or PPP?

Habitual or long term activities that continue now use either PP or PPP.

Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.

Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.

PP or PPP?

An activity that is still in progress uses the present perfect progressive with duration words.

Ex: He has been sleeping for twenty hours!

Past Perfect

Past Perfect

When do we use the past perfect?

To contrast two events or activities in the past.

To make the order of different past events more clear.

Past Perfect

What time words are used with the past perfect?

Past Perfect

What time words are used with the past perfect?

Before

After

By

By the time

Past PerfectWhat time words are used with the past perfect?

Before + simple past clause, past perfect clause

After + past perfect clause, simple past clause

By + year or time phrase

By the time + simple past clause, past perfect clause

Past PerfectBefore and after can used with either simple past or past perfect.

Ex: I hadn’t done the homework yet before I went to class.

Ex: I didn’t do my homework before I went to class.

Ex: After I had seen the movie, I wrote a summary.

Ex: After I saw the movie, I wrote a summary.

Past Perfect

We ALWAYS use the past perfect with by and by the time.

By 1890, the University of Denver had already opened.

I had already finished my work by the time he arrived.

Practice

Matt loves dancing...

Write about Matt using present and past tenses.