Present Perfect: duration, indefinite past and incompletion

Units 11, 13 and 14 (GE)

3 Forms1 Present Perfect: Duration (started in

the past and continue to now)They have lived in Chicago since 1976.have (have or has) + past participle (VERB)

Helping verb Main verb 2 Present Perfect: Indefinite Past

Christine has written a new novel. (When?) have (have or has)+ the past participle (VERB)

Helping verb Main verb

Present Perfect

_______________________________________________

Mrs. Olsen has been a teacher since 2002.Mrs. Olsen has been a teacher for nine years.

Duration

She has visited Brazil. They have seen the movie before.

Indefinite

XXNow

up to now

Present PerfectI have seen that movie before.

SubjectHelping VerbVerb

Simple Past1. Specific mention of time:

◦I met James yesterday at the orientation.

◦Did you meet James at the orientation?

2. Situations that began and ended in the past:◦Sophia was a dancer for 10 years

from 1990 to 2000. Now she is an English teacher.

◦Yesterday, I received an email from Christine.

Simple Past or Present Perfect

Simple Past Present PerfectMeaning:

◦Started and ended in the past with no connection to the present.

◦Specific time in the past.

◦Period of time is completed before time of speaking.

Meaning:◦Started in the past

and has connection to the present.

◦No specific time in the past.

Simple Past vs. Present Perfect: since and for.

Present Perfect of Duration: Since and for.

FuturePast

Now

• Simple past: Completed actions.

Time?

1999-2005

The indefinite past?Meaninga. Sara lived in Hammond for five years.b. Sara has lived in Hammond for five years.

How are these two sentences different?

a. Sara lived in Hammond for five years and she doesn’t live there anymore.

b. Sara still lives in Hammond.

Asking Questions with Present Perfect

Ever = at least once in your lifetime.Ever is not used in the answer to the question.

Have you ever been to Chicago?Yes, I have been to Chicago.No, I haven’t been to Chicago.No, I’ve never been to Chicago.

Have you ever lived in Hammond?◦Yes, I’ve lived in Hammond since I was born.◦No, I’ve never lived in Hammond.

Look at the pictures below…

I lived in Egypt for five years when I was

young.A.

I’ve lived in Egypt all my life.

B.

• Which sentence fits in situation A?• Which sentence fits in situation B?

1.Did you climb the great pyramid?2.Have you ever climbed the great Pyramid?

Look at the pictures below…

I lived on the west coast of

Japan for a summer when I

was young.A.

I’ve lived on the west coast of

Japan all my life.B.

• Which sentence fits in situation A?• Which sentence fits in situation B?

1.Have you ever seen the ocean?2.Did you see the ocean?

What is explorer?EXPOLORE- ERWhat does “ER” mean?

◦A person who does something.An explorer is someone who searches

or travels to discover something new.◦Discover= to learn about.

Some explorers have visited many countries.

Some explorers visited the great pyramids in the past.

Explorer definition???What does "explorer" mean?

◦An explorer is a person who finds places and sees things that no one else has seen before.

Li was an explorer in the 1400s he died in 1455.

HassanIs an explorer, he will be 82 years

old this year.

HomeworkGE Units 11, 13, 14

P.49 ex. 4P.56 ex. 1P.60 ex. 1P.61 ex. 4