Aims of Lighting TelevisionAims of Lighting Television

1. Provide TV camera adequate illumination

and can produce technically acceptable

picture.

2. To help the viewers to recognize how they

look like, and where they are in relation to

one another (create illusion of depth).

3. To establish a general feeling and mood of

the event.

1. Provide TV camera adequate illumination

and can produce technically acceptable

picture.

2. To help the viewers to recognize how they

look like, and where they are in relation to

one another (create illusion of depth).

3. To establish a general feeling and mood of

the event.

Lighting MeansLighting Means

Control Light and Shadows.

To show the shape and texture of face / object.

Suggest a particular environment.

Control Light and Shadows.

To show the shape and texture of face / object.

Suggest a particular environment.

Types of LightTypes of Light

Directional Directional

Produce by spotlight / illuminates

relatively small area with a distinct

light beam.

Produce / well defined shadows.

Example – Sun on a cloudless day.

Produce by spotlight / illuminates

relatively small area with a distinct

light beam.

Produce / well defined shadows.

Example – Sun on a cloudless day.

Diffused Lights Diffused Lights

Illuminates relatively large area/

wide indistinct beam / produces by

flood lights / create soft/

Transparent shadows / cloudy day.

Illuminates relatively large area/

wide indistinct beam / produces by

flood lights / create soft/

Transparent shadows / cloudy day.

Basic Terminology in TV Lighting Basic Terminology in TV Lighting

Key LightKey Light

Apparent principal source of

directional illumination falling

upon a subject or an and / reveals

basic shapers / of an object.

Apparent principal source of

directional illumination falling

upon a subject or an and / reveals

basic shapers / of an object.

The Back Light The Back Light

Creates illumination from behind

the subject and opposite the

camera / distinguishes has

shadow of an object from the

background and emphasis the

object outline.

Creates illumination from behind

the subject and opposite the

camera / distinguishes has

shadow of an object from the

background and emphasis the

object outline.

The Fill Light The Fill Light

Provides generally diffused

illumination to reduce shadows.

Provides generally diffused

illumination to reduce shadows.

The Background Light (Set Light) The Background Light (Set Light)

Used specifically to illuminate the

background or the set.

Used specifically to illuminate the

background or the set.

The Kicker Light The Kicker Light

Directional illumination from the back, one side of the subject usually from low angle opposite the key light.

It highlights and defines entire side of a talent. Separating him or her from background.

Directional illumination from the back, one side of the subject usually from low angle opposite the key light.

It highlights and defines entire side of a talent. Separating him or her from background.

Key Light Notion Key Light Notion

Broad midday sunlight top of head the same way key light given from top / left / right. To reveal basic shapes must produce some shadows.

Light used – Fresnel spotlight (medium spread) / even scoop / Broad / Soft light / for special purpose.

Broad midday sunlight top of head the same way key light given from top / left / right. To reveal basic shapes must produce some shadows.

Light used – Fresnel spotlight (medium spread) / even scoop / Broad / Soft light / for special purpose.

Back Light Back Light

To separate subject from

background / (Spot) it is given

opposite to camera.

To separate subject from

background / (Spot) it is given

opposite to camera.

Fill Light / Flood Light / ReflectedFill Light / Flood Light / Reflected

To slow down the fall off (means

make shadows less dominant and

transparent) / opposite side of the

camera from key light.

To slow down the fall off (means

make shadows less dominant and

transparent) / opposite side of the

camera from key light.

Specific Lighting TechniquesSpecific Lighting Techniques

1. Flat Lighting

2. Continuous – action lighting

3. Large area lighting

4. Cameo lighting

5. Silhouette lighting

6. Chroma key lighting

1. Flat Lighting

2. Continuous – action lighting

3. Large area lighting

4. Cameo lighting

5. Silhouette lighting

6. Chroma key lighting

Flat LightingFlat Lighting

Optional visibility with

minimum shadows.

Optional visibility with

minimum shadows.

Flood LightFlood Light

1. It is quick

2. Flexible

3. Fix Lighting Possible News

Discussion.

1. It is quick

2. Flexible

3. Fix Lighting Possible News

Discussion.

Continuous Action Lighting – Drama / Soap Opera

Continuous Action Lighting – Drama / Soap Opera

1. Prominent shadows.

2. Camera Dynamic.

3. Shooting with different angle.

4. So no fix key / feel / it changes.

1. Prominent shadows.

2. Camera Dynamic.

3. Shooting with different angle.

4. So no fix key / feel / it changes.

Large Area Lighting Large Area Lighting

Audience Participation and

Orchestra.

Audience Participation and

Orchestra.

Cameo LightingCameo Lighting

Drama against unlighted

background / black

background.

Concentrates on the talent / not an environment.

Drama against unlighted

background / black

background.

Concentrates on the talent / not an environment.

Silhouette LightingSilhouette Lighting

Opposite of Cameo lighting,

Background is Lighted / Figure

unlighted

Opposite of Cameo lighting,

Background is Lighted / Figure

unlighted

Chroma KeyChroma Key

Blue background / to provided a

variety of scenes / electronically

generated visuals replaced Blue

area equal intensity light.

Blue background / to provided a

variety of scenes / electronically

generated visuals replaced Blue

area equal intensity light.

ENG / EFP - LightingENG / EFP - Lighting

Limitation Limitation

Shooting in available light at night

time, require Partial or Complete

illumination by using lights.

Shooting in available light at night

time, require Partial or Complete

illumination by using lights.

Very short time for doing Lighting

on location.

Very short time for doing Lighting

on location.

Broad day sunlight / Some

standing in Shadow / some in

lighted area / white cloths.

(The digital recording system also

can face problems in such a

situation.)

Broad day sunlight / Some

standing in Shadow / some in

lighted area / white cloths.

(The digital recording system also

can face problems in such a

situation.)

Auto iris mode – faithfully read

bright light & dull light and close

its iris to optimal exposure / the

drastic reduction of light. Coming

in lense & darken equally all

objects Face Black / People in

Shadow black, etc. etc.

Auto iris mode – faithfully read

bright light & dull light and close

its iris to optimal exposure / the

drastic reduction of light. Coming

in lense & darken equally all

objects Face Black / People in

Shadow black, etc. etc.

1. Shoot a Person in a shadow

area.

2. Use a reflector to make shadows

more dominant and also give a

reflected light to the unlighten

face

1. Shoot a Person in a shadow

area.

2. Use a reflector to make shadows

more dominant and also give a

reflected light to the unlighten

face

3. Use of a neutral density filter act

like sunglasses / reduce extreme

brightness.

3. Use of a neutral density filter act

like sunglasses / reduce extreme

brightness.

The best solution for fast news

related shoot to put camera in auto

iris mode ND filter.

The best solution for fast news

related shoot to put camera in auto

iris mode ND filter.

Cloudy day light is good for O / D

shooting in indoor light.

Cloudy day light is good for O / D

shooting in indoor light.

Various props / Bright windows

produce different intensity of light

Key / fill / Back – effect of triangle

lighting / Back light effect is a

must.

Various props / Bright windows

produce different intensity of light

Key / fill / Back – effect of triangle

lighting / Back light effect is a

must.