India and Millennium Development Goals

Achievements and Response to MDG in the Indian sub continent. Presented By

Shivali and Tanmay (Group IV)

Headlines

Millennium Development Goals India Country Report 2015

• The progress has been mixed. Moderately on track, the report states Infant Mortality and Under five Mortality due to a sharp decline we will be very close to the target.

• Trend reversal in fight against Malaria and Tuberculosis.

• Strive more for reduction in maternal mortality.

• Hunger remains the toughest challenge.

Reference: India MDG report 2015 www.un.org.in

The Path India Followed

• MDGs in relation to NHP 2002, National Population Policy 2000 and Tenth five year plan.

• India’s progress toward attaining MDGs

MDGs: Key issues and current policy

Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty

• Nearly a quarter of the world's poor live in India.

• 30 per cent of the total population live below the poverty line.

• Current Policy: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and Agricultural Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme (2008) Aajeevika-National Rural Livelihoods Mission Pradhan Mantry Gram Sadak Yojana

Achieving Universal Primary Education

• Pupil drop-out rates have increased to 50 per cent in the last 5 years. 90 per cent of India's 36 million children with disabilities are out of school.

• Current policy: Right to Education Act, Public Spending, Mid day Meal Scheme

Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

• India ranks in the bottom 10 of an international list on women's participation in the economy. There is only 9 per cent female representation in Parliament.

• Current Policy: Women's Reservation Bill, The Domestic Violence Act and Unorganized Workers Social Security Bill

Reduce Child Mortality• One out of every ten Indian children will not

reach the age of 5. Malnutrition contributes to over 50 per cent of child deaths. India has the lowest child immunization rate in South Asia.

• Current policy: Integrated Child Development Series, Anganwadi workers, Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) and Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

Improve Maternal Mortality

• India has the largest number of maternal deaths in the world, and yet spends only 0.9 per cent GDP on healthcare

• Current policy: Access to healthcare, National Health Mission,

Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

• Every year there are approximately 18 lakh new cases of TB in India. 25 per cent of people living with HIV in India have been refused medical treatment on the basis of their HIV positive status.

• Current policy: National AIDS Control Program (NACP), Enshrining the rights of people with HIV , Programs on Adolescence Education

Ensure Environmental Sustainability• By 2025, the per capita availability of

water is likely to slip below the critical mark of 1,000 cubic meters. About 4 in 5 households in India do not have toilet facilities.

• Current Policy: National Climate Action Plan, Climate Change.

Develop a Global Partnership for Development• Developing countries struggle to

compete against developed countries because of the world's unfair trade rules

Recommendations

• There is long road ahead. With 168 days left we have to look at the achievements and challenges ahead. There is a need to learn from past and look forward for future

References

• Millennium Development Goals India Report 2015

• Reaching the MDGs in India. Oxfam India Centre for Legislative Research and Advocacy

• India’s progress towards the Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 on infant and maternal mortality. Hanimi Reddya, Manas R Pradhana, Rohini Ghosha, A G Khan

• Towards Achieving Millennium Development Goals in the Health Sector in India. SP Agarwal

• Progress and Prospects of Millennium Development Goals in India. F. Ram, S. K. Mohanty, Usha Ram. International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai