Presented by Houlin ZHAODirector, TSB

E-mail: houlin.zhao@itu.int

The Telecommunication Standardization Sector

International Telecommunication Union

2

ITU initiatives related to internet

Introduction and market trends Policy forum – WTPF 01 ITU-T studies Conclusion

3

Migration towards an IP-based backbone network

4

Inter-regional Internet backbone

357 Mbit/s

19’716 Mbit/s

Asia-Pacific

LatinAmerica &Caribbean

2’638 Mbit/s

127 Mbit/s

Arab States, Africa

468 Mbit/s 171

Mbit/s

Europe

56’241 Mbit/sUSA &Canada

Source: TeleGeography Inc., Global Backbone Database. Data valid for Sept. 2000.

5

Number of Internet host computers, in millions, and annual growth in %

Source: ITU, adapted from Internet Software Consortium <www.isc.org>.

0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.3 2.7 5.814.4

21.829.7

43.2

72.4

104.0

44%

67%

46%36%

70%

95%

79%

107%

81%93%

100%

135%

Jan-89

Jan-90

Jan-91

Jan-92

Jan-93

Jan-94

Jan-95

Jan-96

Jan-97

Jan-98

Jan-99

Jan-00

Jan-01

6

Top Internet markets

60%

49%

46%

41%

40%

37%

35%

35%

35%

30%

Iceland

Norway

Sweden

Canada

Finland

Denmark

Korea (Rep.)

Australia

USA

Singapore

Top 10 countries by Internet user penetration, Jan. 2001

95

39

23

20

16

15

13

7

7

6

USA

Japan

China

Germany

Korea (Rep.)

UK

Canada

Australia

France

Italy

Top 10 countries by number of Internet users (millions), Jan. 2001

Source: ITU, Internet Software Consortium <www.isc.org>, RIPE <www.ripe.net>.

7

Internet hosts – South America

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

Arg

entin

a

Boliv

ia

Bra

zil

Chil

e

Colo

mbia

Ecu

ador

Fre

nch

Guiana

Guy

ana

Para

guay

Peru

Surin

ame

Uru

guay

Vene

zuela

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

8

Internet hosts - Venezuela

0 0 112378 529

1,165

2,417

3,869

7,912

14,281

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

9

Internet users per 100 inhabitantsSouth America

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

10

Internet users per 100 inhabitantsVenezuela

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.10.1

0.2

0.4

0.8

2.2

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

11

World Telecommunication Policy Forum: What is it?

“The purpose of the forum is to provide a venue for creating a shared vision among policy-makers worldwide on the issues arising from the emergence of new telecommunication services and technologies, and to consider any other policy issue in telecommunications which would benefit from a global exchange of views”

“Rough consensus” in the form of opinions which are non-prescriptive and non-binding

Some 750 senior policy-makers, regulators and industry experts were present, from more than 120 countries and 100 private sector members

12

IP Telephony: What are the issues?

Technical:– How to define IP Telephony?– Is quality of service comparable? Will it improve?– How to handle numbering issues?

Economic:– What price and cost savings can be expected?– How quickly will carriers migrate their networks?– Isn’t it just a form of bypass of telecom monopolies?

Regulatory:– Is it voice or is it data?– License it? Prohibit it? Restrict it? Liberalise it?– Should IP Telephony contribute to Universal Service?

13

Opinion A: General implications of IP Telephony

Implications for Member States– the deployment of IP-based networks benefits users, industries, and the

economy at large, because it fosters technical and market innovation, diversity and economic growth

– IP … could be viewed as a significant opportunity for all countries to respond to the convergence of information and communication technologies and evolve their networks;

Implications for Operators– continuing development of the Internet and IP-based networks is a

significant medium for communications and commerce;– mobile wireless systems are expected to migrate towards an IP-based

architecture in order to deliver integrated voice, data and multimedia services, as well as access to the Internet;

ITU … is of the view that:– IP Telephony applications are best supplied in a market in which

consumers have choices among multiple, alternative sources because only then will citizens, businesses and the overall economy reap the benefits of innovation and cost effectiveness

14

Opinion A: Invites … Member States and Sector Members to consider the

possibility of the introduction and deployment of IP technologies and IP applications, including the exchange of information;

All Member States to review their current regulatory frameworks with a view to:

– encouraging investment, spurring innovation and advancing development;

– achieving public policy goals in the context of a converged communication services environment;

– considering the possibility of opening their communication services market with respect to IP Telephony by adopting a competition-oriented approach in order to achieve clearly defined public policy goals, taking into account, among other things, the concept of technology neutrality for fully-substitutable services

15

Opinion B: Actions to assist Member States and Sector Members

Encourages Member States to share experiences:– on approaches towards making any sector specific regulation technology-

neutral;– the application of domestic competition laws as part of a pro-competitive

policy;– establishing sustainable bases to generate financing for universal

access/service.

Invites the ITU to:– Carry out and update IP Telephony case studies;– Carry out cost studies and assist Members in performing cost-benefit

analyses;– Help Member States attract investment

Invites ITU to carry out regional workshops on:– IP-based technologies and network evolution– Cost structures, pricing mechanisms, interconnection, numbering,

attracting investment, market considerations etc.

16

Opinion C: Human Resources Development Recognizing that:

– the transition to an IP environment places new demands on the management and operation of ITU members;

– the speed with which countries can extend the benefits of telecommunication technologies will depend on their ability to deploy skilled personnel;

Invites the ITU:– to facilitate the sharing of knowledge and views, by Member

States and Sector Members, of global trends in all new technologies, in particular IP applications;

– to encourage Member States and Sector Members to create integrated human resources transition plans towards IP;

– to assist Member States and Sector Members in evaluating and identifying new and changing human resources requirements

17

Opinion D: Essential Studies to facilitate introduction of IP Telephony

Invites the three ITU sectors to initiate studies to facilitate the introduction of IP Telephony on:

– compatibility and inter-operability of radio access between IP networks and PSTNs,

– working definitions of IP telephony and Internet telephony

– whether, and to what extent, to require compatibility with the existing international telephone service, including developing appropriate performance metrics and QoS

– Whether, and to what extent, IP Telephony can be part of national PSTNs and whether traffic identification and measurement need to be considered

– identifying the cost elements of international IP connectivity with respect to the introduction of IP Telephony

Invites the ITU-D to establish a group of experts to:– Prepare a checklist of Factors to be considered;

– Advise on the policy impacts in developing countries;

– Prepare a report to the next World Telecom Development Conference

18

WTSA-2000 Achievements in IP

D.50 - International Internet connection Confirmed SG 13 as lead SG on IP

studies Many SG Questions involve IP studies

19

Other milestones related to internet

Referencing IETF texts– Recommendation A.5 (05/2000)

Cooperative development of texts– Examples H.248 and T.38

Joint meetings of ITU-T Study Group Chairmen and IETF Area Directors

20

MoUs related to internet

With ETSI, IETF, W3C on PSO/ICANN With ISO/IEC and UN/ECE on electronic

business

21

IP project – areas of study Integrated architecture Impact to telecommunications access infrastructures of access to IP

applications Interworking between IP based network and switched-circuit networks,

including wireless based networks Multimedia applications over IP Numbering and addressing Transport for IP-structured signals Signalling support, IN and routing for services on IP-based networks Performance Integrated management of telecom and IP-based networks Security aspects Network capabilities including requirements for resource management Operations and Maintenance (OAM) for IP

22

Y-series Recommendations structure (1/2)

Global Information Infrastructure

Y.100-Y.199 General

Y.200-Y.299 Services, applications and middleware

Y.300-Y.399 Network aspects

Y.400-Y.499 Interfaces and protocols

Y.500-Y.599 Numbering, addressing and naming

Y.600-Y.699 Operation, administration and maintenance

Y.700-Y.799 Security

Y.800-Y.899 Performances

23

Y-series Recommendations structure (2/2)

Internet Protocol AspectsY.1000-Y.1099 General

Y.1100-Y.1199 Services and applications

Y.1200-Y.1299 Architecture, access, network capabilities andresource management

Y.1300-Y.1399 Transport

Y.1400-Y.1499 Interworking

Y.1500-Y.1599 Quality of service and network performance

Y.1600-Y.1699 Signalling

Y.1700-Y.1799 Operation, administration and maintenance

Y.1800-Y.1899 Charging

24

Scope of the ITU-T IP Project

Management - SG 4, 6/SSG, 4/15, 3/16

Naming, Numbering, Addressing and Routing - SG 2

Overall Network Architecture and Framework - Qs 1, 11, 14 and16/13

IP andnon-IP

Access -Qs 12/13,

14/13,SGs 15 and 16

IP andnon-IP

Access -Qs 12/13,

14/13,SGs 15and 16

IP Transport – Qs10/13, 16/13, SG 15

IP Performance - Q 6/13, SGs 2 and 12

Interworking – Q5/13, SG16 and SSG

Network Capabilities Qs 1, 2, and 3/13, SG 9

Signalling Support - SG 11

IP ApplicationsIncluding Multi media - Q 3/13 and SG 10 and SG16

Service InterworkingQs 2/13, 5/13

3

1

5

9

6

8

3

11

72

2

4

= Work area

7

12 10Operational Issues - SGs 2, 3, and 7

25

Future trends of IP / non-IP based applications

Teleph.basedApplica.

IPbasedApplica.

BroadbandApplications

Which way ?

Current & Near Future

Long Term Future

Teleph.basedApplica.

IPbasedApplica.

Broad-band

Applica.

Teleph.basedApplica.

IPbasedApplica.

Broad-band

Applica.

IP centric

Not IPcentric

?

26

Variable role of IP based network (or protocol)

CTransp. of Inform. M

Functional components of IP

Current Role of IP

CTransp. of Inform. M

Transp of Cont. Sig. U M

Functional components of IP

CUTransp. Of Mang. Sig.

Future Role of IP

IP based Control (IP Dial-tone)

IP based Multimedia

IP based Management

ITU view?

27

Possible evolution scenario of IP based network in

telecommunication environments

Net.1

App.a

Net.2

App.b

Net.3

App.c

Net.4

App.B

Net.1

App.a

Net.2

App.b

Net.3

App.c

Net.4Net.1

IP Platform

Net.2

App.a, b, c

Net.3

App.B

Net.4Net.1

IP Platform

Net.2

App.a, b, c, B

Net.3

GIIPlatform

Past Present

Near future Future

28

Goals of ITU-T

To allow individuals to securely share, use and manage information, anytime and anywhere, with security and privacy protection, and with levels of acceptable cost and quality.

To ensure convergence of products and services and their worldwide availability

To ensure global connectivity

Presented by Houlin ZHAODirector of TSBPlace des Nations

CH-1211 Geneva 20Switzerland

Tel: +41 22 730 5851Fax: +41 22 730 5853

e-mail: houlin.zhao@ itu.int

The Telecommunication Standardization Sector

International Telecommunication Union