Malignant Teratoma

TERATOMAS :tumors comprised of tissues derived from all the three germ cell layers: ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm.

Teratomas both in adults and in children. Most often in young men 20s-30s Teratomas are more common in the ovaries,

testes, sacrococcygeal region, mediastinum, pineal region, retroperitonium, central nervous system, liver, nasal sinuses, thyroid and cervical area.

Often located in chest area

Malignant teratoma of the thyroid is a rare and aggressive tumor, frequent in children than in adults.

Teratomas in the neck are rare neoplasms. Most of them occur in infants less than 1 year and are benign.

A number of other cancers are often associated with these tumors, including :

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomaMalignant histiocytosis Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma

An origin from the primordial germ cell. Bolstered by the anatomic distribution of the

tumors along lines of migration of the primordial germ cells from the yolk sac to the primitive gonads.

The outside of the tumor wall lined with native tissue

The cavity keratinized squamous and sweat gland

Hair and other dermal appendagesThe cyst wall lined with bronchial

or gastriointestinal epithelium

Foreign body giant cell reactionEctodermal tissue: brain, glia, neural

tissue, retina, choroids, gangliaMesodermal tissue: bone, cartilage,

smooth muscle, fibrous tissue

Sacrococcygeal teratoma only teratoma with a classification system: Type I tumor predominantly external,

atacched to the coccyx, small presacral components (45,8%). No metastases

Type II external mass, significant presacral pelvic extension (34%), metastases 6%

presacral (9.6%). 8% metastases rate

Type III visible externally, predominannt mass is pelvic and intrabdominal (8.6%). 20/5 metastases rate

Type IV not visible externally, but are entirely

swelling in front of the lower neckoval swelling was noticed in the lower

neck on the anterior aspect with a smooth outer surface

a firm mass and moved with deglutitionhad well-defined bordersno nodes were palpable

Lab Blood tests to check beta-HCG and AFP

level

Imaging Chest X-ray CT scans of the chest, abdomen, and

pelvis

Fine needle aspiration or core biopsy

Surgical treatment is the treatment of choice.

The patient underwent a radical thyroidectomy with central neck dissection as primary treatment and radioiodine treatment afterwards.

A combination of surgery, postoperative cis-platinum-based chemotherapy, and radiation therapy to the neck.

The cancer can spread throughout the body

Complication of surgeryComplication of chemotherapy

Cervical teratomas in adults are malignant and carry a poor prognosis.

Despite a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which were well tolerated, the patient died 2 months after surgery.